Nowadays the humanity faces a great number of various problems . The scientific and technological progress has changed the life on our planet and as a result our natural resources are exhausted , the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed , many species of flora and fauna disappeared , pollution threatens everything alive. But the environmental problems are not the only ones. Every year thousand of people die because of wars of annihilation , terrorism, different diseases, natural disasters , social problems and in different terrible accident s.
Our environment is vitally connected with the problem of peace on our planet. The scientists consider that nuclear war could destroy mankind completely. It’s true to say that nowadays great masses of chemical and bacteriological weapons have been stocked in the world. If any of these weapons is used, the casualties will run into tens of millions, because mankind has no immunity against bacteriological weapons , and the use of chemical weapons will result in mass contamination of the area.
In recent years terrorism has become a serious issue . People always panic about the possibility of terrorists getting hold of nuclear weapons or they may blow up a nuclear power station instead. Another worry is about the possibility of our water supplies being poisoned. Lately other forms of terrorism such as “suicide terrorism ” and bombing have become a real threat . Everyone remembers the tragedy which happened on the 11thof September in the USA when terrorists hijacke d two planes and crashed them into two buildings in New York. Unfortunately, there is little we can do about it , except, place our faith in the government , and hope that measures taken to prevent terrorism are successful.
There are also diseases that still can’t be cured. One of them is AIDS. This devastating diseasestrikes the body’s immune system . Millions of people have already died of AIDS . To overcome this problem we need further progress of science and personal responsibility. Other examples of incurable diseases are different forms of cancer and heart disorders .
They say that recent extreme weather is due to global warming . Bad weather threatens our homes and even our life. One of the worst weather hazards is the storm known as a hurricane or cyclone (the combination of enormous wind speed, heavy rainfalls and high seas). Another terrible thing is a tornado . Tornadoes are black, twisting clouds that suddenly appear from nowhere, travel at terrifying speed, move in unpredictable ways and cause catastrophic damage in seconds. It’s extremely difficult to forecast where they are likely to strike. People also suffer from earthquakes (a sudden shaking movements of the ground), floods (when water covers the land), drought (a long period of time when there is little or no rain and crops die) and avalanches (a large amount of snow and ice that suddenly falls down a mountain; a large amount of substance that falls down somewhere: an avalanche of rock/stones/mud).
To sum up, I think that the most dangerous problem is natural disasters because we can’t predict and avoid them in time.
As for the ecological situation in the world, we can say that it’s getting worth. People cut down forests and rainforests,pollute air, water and soil , so rare plant and animal species disappear and the climate changes. We have the time, the money and even the technology to repair the damage . All we need to do is to open our eyes and act immediately. We can prevent tragedies if only the government hires responsible specialists who don’t overlook human or computer errors, look after the buildings, toads and transport, keep nature under a strong control and develop an ability to resist any terrorist activity .
Here are some of the ways to solve ecological problems. Express your own opinion if they are helpful or not:
The factories and plants must be removed from cities
Green zones must be created. The greenery must be protected and increased
Pollution control systems must be introduced
Purifying systems for cleaning and trapping harmful substances must be widely used
Noise must be reduced
We must keep the streets of towns clean
Topic: My Problems
Тема: Мои проблемы
As a first-year student who studies far from home and wants to enjoy life to the full, I have a dozen of different problems. is a lack of money. Of course, my parents send me some pocket money once or twice a month but, unfortunately, this sum cannot cover all my expenses. That is why I just have no other choice but to combine work and tutorials.
Как любой студент-первокурсник, который учится далеко от дома и хочет получать от жизни все, я имею дюжину проблем. Одна из моих самых больших проблем – нехватка денег. Конечно мои родители шлют мне карманные деньги раз или два в месяц, но, к сожалению, этой суммы недостаточно, чтобы покрыть все мои расходы. Поэтому у меня нет другого выбора, как совмещать работу и занятия.
It is hardly a secret that it is not an easy thing to study at the university and gain a living. It requires much effort. When I am up to my eyes at work, the only way I can get along is to cut the classes and I feel really ashamed because of it. As I must work six days a week and have a day off only on Sunday I cannot concentrate on getting ready for tests and writing papers. Sometimes I feel so exhausted and tired out, that I cannot force myself to do my homework, even to begin doing it. Sometimes my homework is so time-consuming that I just have no time to do it. As a result, I fall behind and have poor grades. I live in a vicarious circle - problems with money cause serious problems with grades, which, in turn, cause problems in relationships with my relatives. I understand that a university degree provides a passport to a decent job and to get it I have to study well. So if I do not want my plans to become a good financier come to nothing I must quit the job, get down to studying and catch up with my groupmates.
Ни для кого не секрет, что учиться в университете и зарабатывать себе на жизнь совсем не просто. Это требует больших усилий. Когда я по уши в работе, единственный способ справиться – это прогулять пары, и мне очень стыдно из-за этого. Так как я вынужден работать 6 дней в неделю и у меня только один выходной, Воскресенье, я не могу сконцентрироваться на подготовке к зачетам и написании докладов. Иногда я чувствую себя настолько изможденным и уставшим, что не могу заставить себя делать домашнее задание, даже начать. А иногда домашнее задание настолько трудоемкое, что у меня просто нет времени его выполнять. В результате я отстаю в учебе и имею плохую успеваемость. Я живу в замкнутом круге – проблемы с деньгами порождают серьезные проблемы с успеваемостью, которые, в свою очередь, становятся причиной проблем в отношениях с родными. Я понимаю, что университетский диплом – это пропуск к хорошей работе, и чтобы получить его, я обязан хорошо учиться. Поэтому если я хочу, чтобы мои планы стать хорошим финансистом не провалились, я должен бросить работу, засесть за учебу и догнать своих одногруппников.
Another problem I worry about is my shyness. I feel very uncomfortable in a big company of other people, and prefer staying at home better than parting all night long. My groupmates think that I live in my ivory tower and do not want to spend my leisure hours with them. But it is not the case. This is my first year at the university and it requires some adjustments. I do not have a friend who can support me or give his helping hand, and I feel very bad about it. Sometimes I hear my groupmates talking about me and all I want at that moment is to disappear from sight. I hope that in the foreseeable future I will overcome all difficulties in communication and will be more self-confident.
Другая проблема, которая меня беспокоит, – это моя застенчивость. Я чувствую себя очень некомфортно в компании других людей, и предпочитаю проводить время дома, чем гулять всю ночь напролет. Мои одногруппники думают, что я живу в своем собственном мире и не хочу проводить с ними свободное время. Но это не так. Это мой первый год в университете, и мне необходимо освоиться. У меня нет друга, который мог бы поддержать или подать руку помощи, и от этого мне очень плохо. Иногда я слышу, как одногруппники обсуждают меня, и в этот момент мне хочется провалиться сквозь землю. Надеюсь, что в ближайшем будущем я преодолею трудности в общении и стану более уверенным в себе.
As participants of a global society, we should keep ourselves educated about the current environmental issues that affect us all. Many of these issues are global and have the ability to escalade rapidly. World leaders are well aware of these problems. Problems like peak oil, global hunger, global warming, extinction of species, and many more are making headlines around the world.
In this article, I have selected 5 major global issues that are relevant today and are threatening our global society. Although each of the issues mentioned below are equally serious, some of these issues might be more relevant to you than for other readers. They are not in any particular order, but should be given equal attention.
1. Extinction of wild animals
4. Economic collapse
The American government spends about 3.8 trillion dollars and produces about 2.2 trillion dollars annually. To make up for this deficit, our government borrows the difference in the form of government bonds from investors and banks. Some of these are foreign banks. Currently, the government owes about 14 trillion dollars in bonds and interests. So instead of raising taxes or cutting down government spending, America chooses to add money into circulation, which is causing inflation and bringing down the value of the dollar. In fact, we are currently recovering from the biggest inflation event in history. This inflation is causing global inflation because the corporations who were counting on money from America are not receiving this money.
5. Global warming
Global warming is considered to be one of the most dangerous threats that our culture has ever faced. Global warming is responsible for catastrophic weather events, water shortages, crop failures, changes in cloud formation patterns, ocean current, sea-level rise, and many other climatic changes. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, CFC, and other green house gases are responsible for these negative effects. When these gases get trapped in our atmosphere, they tend to cause the global temperature to rise, melt the ice caps, and deplete the protective ozone layer of the atmosphere.
Humans are arguably playing a major role in the destruction of Mother Nature’s systems and inherent balance. To fight against pollution, we will need to change our way of thinking and extent to how we consume resources. If we do not take any action against pollution, we will continue to alter the chemical composition of this planet and compromise the stability and sustainability of life itself.
So what do you think? Please let us know your thoughts on global issues and sustainability issues. Thanks for being our valuable visitor.
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The consequences of the scientific and technological revolution that has occurred in the middle of the twentieth century continue to affect the way of life of people around the world and the force of impact has been increasing from year to year. As a result of the desire of mankind to facilitate work, automate production processes and create more comfortable living conditions, entirely new problems of a global scale have appeared.The increase of the production processes efficiency by means of various machines allowed to expand commodity production and to facilitate the work of man, but at the same time, the unemployment level has increased, and the crisis of overproduction has intensified. Annually the number of unemployed people is growing around the world, almost in every European country the unemployment rate varies from 10 to 20%. This global problem is also a consequence of overpopulation of the planet.Production workshops that work to create new gadgets, tools, devices, equipment, which are designed to create more comfortable living conditions, brings the state of the planet"s ecological system to a critical point. In the near future, scientists predict an increase in major natural disasters connected with the changing climatic conditions on a global scale.
However, the most important problem remains the disposal of liquid and solid waste, radioactive substances. If all states do not begin to introduce and tighten new laws on environmental protection, soon there will be nothing to save. Meanwhile, overpopulation of the planet does not help improve the situation. Resources of the globe are calculated by no more than 10 billion people, the number of people exceeded the 7.5 billion mark as for 2017. But such a state of things can be an impetus to even greater progress in science and to bring closer such an inevitable event as the colonization of another planet.
Concerning the prospects of the planet Earth and its inhabitants, if in the near future mankind does not pay attention to the acute problems of the present, the world expects global ecological and economic catastrophes.
Перевод
Последствия научно-технической революции, которая произошла в середине двадцатого века, продолжают воздействовать на уклад жизни людей по всему миру и сила воздействия с каждым годом увеличивается. В результате стремления человечества к облегчению труда, автоматизации производственных процессов и созданию более комфортных условий жизни, появились совершенно новые проблемы глобального масштаба.
Увеличение эффективности производственных процессов при помощи различных машин позволило расширить товарное производство и облегчить труд человека, но вместе с тем увеличился уровень безработицы и углубился кризис перепроизводства. Ежегодно число безработных людей растет по всему миру, почти в каждой европейской стране процент безработицы колеблется от 10 до 20%. Эта глобальная проблема является также следствием перенаселения планеты.
Производственные цеха, работающие на создание новых гаджетов, инструментов, приспособлений, оборудования, предназначенных для улучшения комфортных бытовых условий, подводит состояние экологической системы планеты к критической точке. В ближайшем будущем ученые прогнозируют учащение крупных природных катаклизмов, связанных с изменением климатических условий в общемировом масштабе.
Однако наиболее важной проблемой остается утилизация жидких и твердых отходов, радиоактивных веществ. Если все государства не начнут внедрять и ужесточать новые законы о защите окружающей среды, вскоре спасать будет нечего.
Тем временем, перенаселение планеты не способствует улучшению ситуации. Ресурсы земного шара рассчитаны не более чем на 10 миллиардов человек, по данным за 2017 год число людей превысило отметку в 7.5 миллиардов. Но такое положение вещей может стать толчком к еще большему прогрессу в науке и приблизить такое неизбежное событие как колонизация другой планеты.
Global
Problems of Today
People have lived on our planet Earth for centuries and global
problems have always existed. In ancient times the biggest
global problem was wars. People have been fighting with each
other since the beginning of the civilisation mostly to get new
territories and more land. Later, fighting the distance was
another global problem, too, before the discovery of the plane.
Today, there are more global problems which can be divided into
two categories: ecological problems and social, eco¬nomic and
political issues.
The first category includes issues relating to ecological
destruction, pollution and global warming as the result. The
climate is changing and many people agree that climate change
may be one of the greatest threats facing the planet. Many
people think that a rise in temperature of about three or four
degrees is not very much, but the effects are worse than it
seems at first sight. Global warming has already killed off some
types of animals and plants. There have been more and more heat
waves in the summer, with many people dying in big cities.
Rising sea levels are threatening whole nations on low-lying
islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
The second category of global problems deals with social,
economic and political issues. They include global terrorism,
poverty, human rights, health issues, racism and many others.
We are faced with the problem of global terrorism and more and
more countries are suffering from it. It is difficult to catch
terrorists and prevent their acts. The most terrible terrorist
attack took place on September 11, 2001 in the USA. The World
Trade Centre, the pride of all Americans and one of the symbols
of New York City, was destroyed completely and thousands of
people died. The world was shocked and most countries decided to
fight against terrorism. However, new terrorist attacks have
been committed. Many innocent people still get killed and nobody
can stop terrorists.
Poverty is another global problem. It may seem surprising, but
most of humanity lives on just a few dollars a day now. The
worst situation is in Africa where people (mostly children) die
every day of hunger because they have nothing to eat. The poor
also have less access to health, education and other services.
Problems of hunger, malnutrition and diseases affect the poorest
in society.
Another global problem is racism, when people of different races
and different skin colour are humiliated and even killed. There
are many organisations that fight social global problems, but
this battle has lasted for a long time and it will take much
time for the solution of all of them.
We live in the 21st century and humanity has made a great
progress in technology, so I think that it is strange that we
still have global problems, especially the ones that deal with
social, economic and political issues. I am sure that they can
be solved completely without any conflicts or wars.
ПЛАН-ОТВЕТ. GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF TODAY
1. Вступление по теме (People have lived on our planet Earth for
centuries and global problems have always existed. In ancient
times the biggest global problem was wars. People have been
fighting with each other since the beginning of the civilisation
mostly to get new territories and more land. Later, fighting the
distance was another global problem, too, before the discovery
of the plane.).
2. Рассказать о двух группах глобальных проблем и о каждой в
отдельности (two categories; ecological problems: ecological
destruction, pollution and global warming; climate change;
killed off some types of animals and plants; heat waves in the
summer; many people dying in big cities; rising sea levels;
social, economic and political issues: global terrorism,
poverty, human rights, health issues, racism; terrorists, most
terrible terrorist attack, fight against terrorism, new
terrorist attacks, innocent people; poverty, Africa, die of
hunger, less access to health, education and other services;
racism, humiliated and killed, organisations, fight social
global problems).
3. Заключение (We live in the 21st century and humanity has made
a great progress in technology, so I think that it is strange
that we still have global problems, especially the ones that
deal with social, economic and political issues. I am sure that
they can be solved completely without any conflicts or wars.).
QUESTIONS
1. What global problems were there in the past?
2. What are the two categories of global problems now?
3. What does the first category include?
4. Why is global warming considered a global problem?
5. How does it affect nature?
6. What global problems does the second category include?
7. Why is terrorism a global problem?
8. Is poverty a big issue nowadays? Why?
9. What is racism and why is it a global problem?
10. What other global problems can you mention?
11. In what way can we fight global problems?
12. What global problem do you think is the biggest one? Why?
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
Problems Проблемы
climate change изменение климата
diseases болезни
ecological экологические
economic экономические
educational образовательные
environmental связанные с окружающей средой
financial crisis финансовый кризис
global глобальные
global warming глобальное потепление
health здравоохранение
hunger голод
malnutrition недоедание
political политические
pollution загрязнение
poverty бедность
racism расизм
social социальные
technological технологические
terrorism терроризм
