Conclusion (my opinion)
Obedience and humility are very important qualities. By deciding to be independent and rely on oneself, a person may lose something important. In addition, boasting and overconfidence lead to losses.Epic hero Sadko.
Velikiy Novgorod - oldest city Russia. Anyone who has ever been here is unlikely to be able to forget the impression that remains in the soul of a guest from contact with the origins of Russian culture and literature. He is unlikely to forget the feeling that you feel standing on the land where Rus' came from. Walking around the city, the traveler no-no, and even stumble upon pictures that seem familiar from childhood: Yaroslav's courtyard, the red brick of the Kremlin, the wooden tops of the turrets, church bells, the huge lake Ilmen, which reflects the boundless sky. Where are these pictures from? All of them are known to us from the epic about the Novgorod merchant Sadko, which each of us read at least once in childhood.
In fact, Sadko was the hero of not one, but nine Novgorod epics. The most famous and more detailed version was recorded by Andrey Sorokin. According to this option, Sadko was known as a talented harpist, but a rather poor man. He lived from one holiday to another, where he was called to play the harp to the guests and at the end of the holiday they paid a certain amount. At the feast, he could eat a little. But the moment came when the harp was not invited to play for nine days in a row. The saddened Sadko took the harp and went to the shore of Lake Ilmen, where he began to play. At that moment, the sea king arose from the water, saying that he was consoled by music and was ready to thank the musician for this. But in order to receive the reward, it was necessary to go to Novgorod and argue with several merchants that there was a fish of unprecedented beauty with golden, sparkling feathers in the lake. Guslyar completed the task, won all three disputes, began to trade and became rich.
Sadko soon boasted that he was ready to buy everything he saw. And in fact, for two days he bought everything he could, but on the third he realized that it was impossible to buy everything in the world. Then, having collected the purchased goods, Sadko set sail on 30 ships. A storm began, the hero realized that it was the sea king who demanded to pay tribute to him for his help and began to throw jewelry overboard, but the storm did not stop. Then Sadko decided to jump into the sea himself, taking the harp with him. The sea king demanded that the musician play and amuse him. As soon as the melody began, the ruler threw himself into a dance, the sea was worried, ships sank, people died. Then Mykola Mozhaisky, the protector of all sea travelers, went down to the bottom and explained to Sadko how to resolve the situation. At the prompt of Mozhaisky, the harpman abruptly broke the strings and thus stopped playing. In response to this action, the king demanded that the guslar marry one of the nine hundred virgins. The man chose a bride for a long time, in the end he agreed to marry the last one named Chernavushka. After the wedding feast, he, without committing fornication, went to bed, and woke up already on the banks of the Chernavka River. He noticed how his ships were calmly moving along the Volkhov River. In gratitude, Sadko built the church of Mykola Mozhaisky in Novgorod, but he never went to the sea.
He sits at the king of the water Sadko And looks sad with a thought, Like the abyss of the sea above him high Turns blue through the crystal tower; There ships sail like shadows above him, Comrades are looking for him there, There the shore of the flowering land remains, There the birds flutter and whistle; And here Beluga looks at him curiously, blinking his eyes, Or a silver flock of Snyatkov runs past with small sparks. Wherever he looks - everything is a blue expanse, Everything only sees water and water, And he is tired of playing songs on the harp to please the King of the Water. The king, smiling, says to him: “Sadko, my dear child, tell me why your appearance is so sad? Tell me what do you want? Is my kutia with saffron delicious? Are pancakes with inbir oily? Al in what way is the queen-wife unwelcoming? Al daughter than annoyed? Watch how the diamonds burn bright here! How many scarlet yachts are here! You would hardly have found so many treasures In the vaunted Sofia cellars! “You are a goy, the tsar-sovereign of the water, the brightest miracle of the sea! I am much pleased with your wife, And the princesses are not bad for me; Tasty and kutya, and pancakes with inbir, One thing, sir, I'm offended: Everywhere you look, everything is wet all around, You can't see a dry place! What good is it to me that these mansions are full of treasures! If only I could see the greenery of a pine, Lie down even on a pile of straw! Do not hold me with your wealth; All these luxuries and bliss I would give for the cry of a quail in the rye, For the hide of a Novgorod cart! For a long time I have not seen God's day, I smell here - only mud; Even though the tar would once blow on me, Even if the smoke of a chicken barn! When I remember that this time Spring blooms on earth, And I myself don’t know what will become of me: It’s enough for my heart like that! Now we have dances in the forest in the young, Forgotten and cold and slush - When I think only about that, From sadness I want to cry! Now, tea, and a bird, and every beast We have fun on earth; Having made its way through last year's leaf, now the lungwort turns blue in the forest! In the fresh, in the green, in the young forest It smells of fragrant birch - And the heart in me, just think about it, It languishes and languishes with melancholy! “Sadko, my child, you are talking nonsense, the Earth is unbearable from the heat; In this I will refer to my whole yard - He always agrees with me. My tower is the sea of the great navel, Your lot, therefore, is bright; And you are slow-witted, ignorant and stupid, I noticed this a long time ago. You are fit to sit in my thought, I will magnify your share And I will certainly give you the dignity of a water adviser! “You are a goy, tsar-sovereign of the water, I owe you a lot, But I am not worthy of sea honor, I am very attached to the earth. It happened that not everything there strove for me, It was not according to my heart otherwise; Ever since I found myself at the bottom, Everything has become dear to me earthly; I remembered the dog, and dirty and frail, In burrs and rubbish he fell; At that time I hurried to the feast, And he fell under my feet; Glancing peevishly, I drove him away, Pushed him proudly with my foot - Now I would kiss this dog And on the crown, and in the eyes, and in the muzzle! “Sadko, my child, what are you to become Do you remember the dog today? Why would you kiss a dirty dog? That's what my daughters are better for. Indeed, why would you not be their bridegroom? I see, even though I don’t blow my mustache, Any of them would marry you - Take any of them as your wife! “You are a goy, the tsar-sovereign of the water, the brightest miracle of the sea! I'm afraid that marriage with such a wife would not be bad for my soul! I do not argue, they are good with you And the color of their eyes is emerald, But only they are prickly, like ruffs, It would be difficult for us to cohabit. I don’t defame your daughters, But I wouldn’t be like any, But I would trade all of them now, she-she, I’ll pockmarked for the first girl! “Sadko, my child, you are very rude, I don’t like this kind of speech; Whenever I appreciated your game, I would give you a kick with my foot. But the liver is somehow fresh today, I can smell fun in the womb; Let's talk about your wedding already, Now play a dance! Sadko hit the strings of the trepak, He himself sends the royal caress to hell, And the tsar, grinning, rested on his sides, Prepares, jerking, to dance. At first, he only moves his mustache in place, Nods with a bristly eyebrow, But then he puffed out and pouted like a catfish, He understands it more and more. He began to pace, moving his shoulders, Jumping past the queen, But suddenly, as soon as she starts drawing monograms, So all the floorboards shook. “Well,” Sadko thinks, “I’ll kill you!” With annoyance, he plays faster, But, no matter how often, the water king More and more strength comes. He set off to knead with his heels, Throwing his leg over the leg, Where did you think, agility? It's scary to look at Indo, by golly! The boyars crawl in fright, the okaracha, the queen sat down on the floor, the princess squeaked, and the king jumped at himself Know it scratches his feet about A floor. Now, puffing out his chest, he rushes at the courtiers, Then, crouching, he backs sideways, Breaks his knees and back and forth. Rolls zagreb and lope; And more and more fun and free for him, The knees go out all the steeper - It's getting darker in the tower, Clouds are gathering over the sea ... But Sadko plays faster, getting angry, Clenching his teeth and frowning eyebrows, He gets angry, he pulls the strings of his shoulder - A storm rises above. .. Here thunder thundered with distant peals, It flashed in the abyssal expanse, And the deep green of the sea blushed with fiery light all around. Here screams were heard high up there: That swimmers with ships are dying ... Sadko beats desperately with his fives, The king of rabies kneads with his feet; The devil carried him in a squatting position, He snorts, puffs and blows, The dancer rumbles, the house sways, And the sea roars and rages... And now the bubbles from the steppe have gone, Sadko already sees through the walls: O Ships fly at the bottom, Spinning among the silt and foam; He sees: the sailor did not drown alone, His heart was full of sting, He pulled the strings with a strong grip - And, bursting, they squealed. Stumbling, the king of the water stood in place, chatting with his raised foot: “No way, you were playing a joke, Sadko, on me? I hate this joke! Not at the right time, sadly, you tore the strings, Just when I began to dance! No one has seen such a knee, What I was going to give! Why didn't you stock the strings healthier? How will I be now without muses s ki? Al you, unwashed, dance in a dry dance Do you order me, the king and lord? And with a splash of scales in the back of his face, the tsar Sufficed him, full of rage, And then Sadko spun like head over heels, And waves carried him upwards ... Sadko sits unharmed in Novegrad, All the convicts who are with him are caught; On the tablecloth, the brane sizzles in front of him Wine in a Venetian glass. A sedate posadnik, and a thousand here, And two old posadniks, And with them the Konchan elders drink the Health of Sadka circular. “Tell me, Sadko, where did you go? To the Chudskaya Em al to the Balts? Where did he leave his embroidered ships? And where have you been missing?" Sadko sings and plays the harp, Sings about the king of the water: How difficult it was to live there And how well he dances; He sings about the campaign without concealment about his own, What a turn it was, - Everyone shakes their heads in doubt, They cannot believe the story. November 1871 - March 1872
A.K. Tolstoy. complete collection poems in 2 volumes.
Poet's Library. Big series.
Leningrad: Soviet writer, 1984.
Sadko - a gusler from Nizhny Novgorod, one day he is driven from the feast by the boyars, whom he did not please with his songs. Saddened and angry, he comes to the shore of Lake Ilmen and plays there, which attracts the Sea King. Touched and delighted with the art of the musician, he advises Sadko to bet with the merchants: in this way he will shame them and get rich. Sadko wins the bet and gets a big win, but then re-bets, after which he loses almost all the money. With the remaining coins, he buys ships, loads goods on them and sails to distant money, where he enriches himself again.
On the way home, a great storm is played out, Sadko is thrown overboard to calm the Sea King, but the harpist begins to play such cheerful songs that the sea continues to worry for long days. Hearing the prayers of the people, St. Mykola of Mozhaisk punishes Sadko to destroy the harp, and then agree to marry one of the daughters of the Sea Tsar. Having done so, Sadko wakes up on the shore in the morning. The storm subsides, he sees his ships returning.
The epic "Sadko" reflected the faith of the ancient Slavs in supernatural forces that control the fate of man. But it depends only on the actions and decisions of the people themselves, the choice they make, how worthy and correct they will live their lives.
Read a summary of Sadko
In ancient times, a poor young man named Sadko lived in the rich merchant city of Nizhny Novgorod. He had only one harp of all his capital, he went from house to house with them, entertained guests at feasts. Somehow, the boyars did not call him to their yard, a deep resentment took possession of the harpman, because he considered himself very skillful in his business. Sadko went to the shore of the lake, one began to play and sing songs. He sat like this for a long time, until the king of the Sea appeared on the surface of the water.
He liked the beautiful music of the harpist, and he began to think how to help the talented young man. The tsar suggested that Sadko go to the most eminent merchants of Novgorod and argue with them for all their wealth about the fact that in Ilmen you can catch fish with golden scales. So the gusliar will have profit and honor. Returning to the city, Sadko turns to the merchants, promising to pledge his head. The three agree to argue with him, go together to the lake, where the harp net is thrown three times, pulling out the golden fish from the water. Merchants have to give their treasury to Sadko.
Having received a lot of money, Sadko puts them into circulation: he opens his shops, begins to bail out good profits. He is lucky in everything, so his wealth is increasing every day. Inflamed, he builds special chambers for himself, in which he arranges "like with the King of heaven." Sadko begins to throw feasts, where all the nobility and business people of Nizhny Novgorod gather. Drink, have fun, arrange competitions. Somehow, drunkenly, the guests begin to brag to each other about who has what is most valuable, only Sadko remains silent. He is asked what he is most proud of, what surpasses the rest, then the former hussler answers that among all his guests no one can boast of the same wealth as his. And if he had wished, then tomorrow he would have bought with his own money anything and everything from all the shops in the city.
He is immediately taken at his word. The offended merchants offer him to argue, and when Sadko fails to carry out his plan, he will have to pay a rich ransom. That's what they decided on.
Early in the morning Sadko calls his people together, distributes the treasury to them and orders them to go to the shops and buy everything they find there. He himself goes along with the others, and the malls are still empty before noon. Sadko is triumphant, but the next morning it turns out that even more goods are being sold in the city. He redeems everything clean and this time. However, the victory is far away - the third day brings new disappointments. Sadko is forced to give in to the wealth and power of his native city, which no man can surpass.
Having received a good lesson, Sadko gives the merchants his loss without objection. The money that he has not yet spent, he lets into the construction of thirty ships, where they load goods bought in Veliky Novgorod. Together with his personal squad, Sadko sails to other lands to see the light and regain glory for himself. He is still young, he has a thirst for adventure and everything new. His fleet passes along the Russian rivers, along the settlements of acquaintances, then finds itself in a wide sea and heads south, to the Turkish coast.
Having seen enough of the curiosities and learned a lot, Sadko successfully sells all his cargo from strangers, receives a generous payment for the goods. In the end, he can fill large barrels with jewels and small coins. Which he does, plunging profits onto ships. Cheerful and happy, he sets off on his return journey.
Suddenly, the weather deteriorates, a hurricane hits, terrible waves begin to beat on the bottom of the ships, and they will destroy everyone who sails on them. It is the Sea King who rages without receiving an offering. He orders Sadko to throw a measure of silver into the water in order to calm the elements. But the king does not accept this gift. Sadko decides to pay off with gold, but only the storm begins to rage, frightening people. The king of the Sea wants a human sacrifice.
Sadko turns to his wars, offers to honestly throw lots, on whom fate falls. They throw it twice - both times it falls to Sadko himself to jump into the abyss. There is nothing to do to save everyone, Sadko must sacrifice himself. He tells his men to take home his orders. Upon arrival in Veliky Novgorod, distribute money and lands to churches, let a part go to the wife and the poor, and what remains - everyone can take for themselves. Taking his old harp, which was always with him, Sadko descends from the ship into the depths of the sea on a fragile raft. At the same moment, the sea calms down, allowing ships to move on.
From fatigue, Sadko falls asleep, he comes to his senses already at the bottom of the sea, where he is met by the Tsar of the Sea himself. The lord of the abyss is gloating, because at last Sadko has recognized his authority. He asks the former harpist to play some more, in memory of the old days. Sadko begins to pluck the harp, giving out a groovy tune. The king, unable to stand it, starts dancing.
From his dance, great excitement begins at sea, which does not calm down for three days. No one can launch the boat, and the people already at sea perish. Great prayer begins everywhere. Hearing the people's lamentations, Mikola Mozhaisky appears to Sadko and tells him to stop. He replies that he cannot do this until the king himself tells him to stop. The saint prompts to quietly tear the strings. Then, if the king grants him a wife, agree to marriage, but choose the last of all the daughters of the sea, but do not commit adultery with her as a non-Christ.
Sadko breaks his faithful harp. In the joy of a good dance, the tsar hugs Sadko, wants to call him his son-in-law. He calls his beautiful daughters and offers to choose. As he was punished, Sadko opts for the youngest, Chernavushka. They go to the bedroom, but Sadko does not touch his new wife.
In the morning, he discovers that he found himself on his native shore, where he sees his people and his wife, who came out to celebrate a memorial for him. He welcomes everyone, with gold brought from distant lands, he builds a church in honor of Mykola Mozhaisk. He no longer goes to sea.
Picture or drawing bylina Sadko
Other retellings for the reader's diary
- Summary of Pushkin the Bronze Horseman
The Bronze Horseman of A. S. Pushkin is an unusual work. Fate and human life are intertwined in poetic form. heartache. Times overlap. Tsar Peter builds a city on the Neva, which has become a most beautiful city
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Sadko (epic)
There lived a good fellow in rich Novgorod, by the name of Sadko, and in the street he was nicknamed Sadko the gusler. He lived as a bobyl, he lived from bread to kvass - no yard, no stake, only psaltery, sonorous, bright, and the talent of a harp-singer was inherited from his parents. And the fame of him flowed like a river throughout Veliky Novgorod. It was not for nothing that Sadko was called to play in the golden-domed boyars’ mansions, and in the white-stone merchant mansions at feasts, to amuse the guests. He will play, start a chant - all the noble boyars, all the first-class merchants listen to the harpist, they will not hear enough. So well done and lived that he went to feasts. But it turned out like this: for a day or two, Sadok was not invited to the feast, and on the third day they were not invited, they were not called. It seemed bitter and insulting to him.
Sadko took his yarovchaty gusels, went to Ilmen-lake. He sat down on the shore on a blue-flammable stone and struck the sonorous strings, started an iridescent chant. Played on the beach from morning until evening. And at the sunset of the red sun, Ilmen-lake was agitated. The wave came up like high mountain, water mixed with sand, and Vodyanoy himself came ashore - the owner of Ilmen Lake. I took the gusliar dumbfounded. And the Vodyanoy said these words:
- Thank you, Sadko-gusliar Novgorod! Today I had a dining-festival, honors a feast. You amused, amused my guests. And I want you for that welcome!
Tomorrow they will call you to the first-class merchant to play the harp, to amuse eminent Novgorod merchants. Merchants will drink, eat, boast, boast. One will boast of an uncountable gold treasury, another of expensive overseas goods, a third will boast of a good horse and a silk port. The smart one will boast of his father and mother, and the stupid one - of his young wife. Then eminent merchants will ask you what you, Sadko, could brag about, brag about. And I'll teach you how to keep the answer and become rich.
And Vodyanoy, the owner of Ilmen-lake, told the orphan guslar a marvelous secret.
The next day, they called Sadok into the white-stone chambers of the eminent merchant on the harp, to amuse the guests.
Tables from drinks and from food are bursting. The feast is half a feast, and the guests, the merchants of Novgorod, sit half drunk. They began to brag to each other: some with a golden treasury-wealth, some with expensive goods, some with a good horse and a silk port. A smart man boasts of his father, mother, and a stupid one boasts of his young wife.
Then they began to ask Sadok, to extort from the good fellow:
“And you, young harpman, what do you boast about?”
Sadko keeps the answer to those words-speech:
- Oh, you rich Novgorod merchants! Well, what should I brag to you about? You know yourself: I have neither gold nor silver, there are no shops with expensive goods in the living room. There is only one thing I can boast about. Only I know, I know the miraculous and marvelous marvelous. There is a golden feather fish in our glorious Ilmen Lake. And no one saw that fish. Didn't see it, didn't catch it. And whoever catches that fish-golden feather and sips fish soup will become young from the old. That's the only thing I can boast about, brag about!
Eminent merchants made noise, argued:
- You boast of being empty, Sadko. For centuries, no one has heard that there is such a fish-golden feather and that having sipped fish soup from that fish, an old man will become young, he can become! 
The six richest Novgorod merchants argued the most:
- There is no such fish as you, Sadko, are talking about. We'll bet on a big bet. All our shops in the living room row, all our wealth-wealth is mortgaged! Only you have nothing to put up against our great pledge!
- I'm going to catch the golden feather fish! And against your great mortgage, I put my violent head, ”answered Sadko the gusler.
On that matter, they got along and ended the dispute with a handshake on a mortgage.
Soon a silk seine was tied up. They threw that seine into Ilmen Lake for the first time - and pulled out a golden feather fish. They swept the net another time - and caught another golden feather fish. They threw a net for the third time - they caught the third golden feather fish.
The Waterman kept his word - the owner of Ilmen Lake, rewarded Sadko, granted. The orphan-guslar won a great mortgage, received innumerable wealth and became a famous Novgorod merchant. He led a large trade in Novgorod, and his clerks trade in other cities, in near and far places.
The wealth of Sadok is multiplying by leaps and bounds. And he soon became the richest merchant in the glorious Veliky Novgorod. 
He built white-stone chambers. The chambers in those chambers are miraculous: they are decorated with expensive overseas wood, gold-silver and crystal. No one has ever seen such chambers, and there were no such chambers by hearsay.
And after that, Sadko married, brought the young mistress into the house and started a feast-table in the new chambers. He gathered for the feast the well-born boyars, all the eminent merchants of Novgorod, and invited the peasants of Novgorod. Everyone found a place in the mansions of the hospitable host. The guests got drunk, ate, got tipsy, argued. Who talks loudly about what and boasts. And Sadko walks around the wards and says these words:
- My dear guests: you, well-born boyars, you, eminent rich merchants, and you, peasants of Novgorod! All of you at my place, at Sadok, got drunk and ate at the feast, and now you are arguing noisily, boasting. One speaks the truth, and another boasts of empty things. Apparently, I need to talk about myself. And what can I boast about? My wealth has no budget. I have so much gold treasury that I can buy all Novgorod goods, all goods - good and bad. And there will be no goods in Veliky glorious Novgorod.
That arrogant speech, boastful, offensive, seemed to the whole capital: to the boyars, and to the merchants, and to the peasants of Novgorod. The guests made noise, argued: 
- For a century it has not happened and will not be that one person could buy up all Novgorod goods, buy and sell our Great, glorious Novgorod. And we are fighting with you about a great pledge of forty thousand: you will not overpower, Sadko, the lord of Veliky Novgorod. No matter how rich and powerful one person is, but against the city, against the people, he is a dry straw!
And Sadko stands on his own, does not let up and bets on a large mortgage, puts up forty thousand ... And at that feasting and dining ended. The guests dispersed and departed.
And the next day, Sadko got up early, early, washed his face white, woke up his squad, faithful assistants, filled them with gold treasury full and sent them through the shopping streets, and Sadko himself went to the living room, where shops sell expensive goods. So all day long, from morning to evening, Sadko, a rich merchant, with his faithful assistants, bought up all the goods in all the shops of Glorious Veliky Novgorod, and by sunset they bought up everything like a broom. There were no goods left in Nove-Gorod even for a copper penny. And the next day - look, look - the Novgorod shops are bursting with goods, they brought more goods during the night than before.
With his retinue, with assistants, Sadko began to buy goods along all the shopping streets and in the living room. And by the evening, by the sunset, there were no goods left in Novgorod for a single penny. They bought everything up and took it to the barns of Sadka the rich man. On the third day, Sadko sent assistants with a gold treasury, and he himself went to the living room and saw: there were more goods in all the shops than before. Moscow goods were brought in at night. Sadko hears the rumor that convoys with goods are coming from Moscow, and from Tver, and from many other cities, and ships run across the sea with goods from overseas.
Here Sadko became thoughtful, became sad:
- I can’t overpower the lord of Veliky Novgorod, I can’t buy the goods of all Russian cities and from all over the white world. It can be seen that no matter how rich I am, the Great Glorious Novgorod is richer than me. I'd rather lose my mortgage by forty thousand. All the same, I can’t overpower the city and the people of Novgorod. I see now that there is no such force-power that one person could oppose the people.
Sadko gave his great pledge - forty thousand. And built forty ships. He loaded all the goods bought on ships and sailed on ships to trade in overseas countries. In overseas lands, he sold Novgorod goods with a large profit.
And on the way back, a great misfortune befell the blue sea. All forty ships, as if rooted to the place, stopped. The wind bends the mast and tears the tackle, the sea wave beats, and all forty ships, as if at anchor, cannot move.
