All 5 human senses. The sixth sense is intuition. The five basic human senses. Human ears are made up of three sections

The five senses allow us to know the world and respond in the most appropriate way. The eyes are responsible for sight, the ears are responsible for hearing, the nose is responsible for smell, the tongue is responsible for taste, and the skin is responsible for touch. Thanks to them, we receive information about our environment, which is analyzed and interpreted by the brain. Usually our reaction is to prolong pleasant sensations or to stop unpleasant ones.

Vision

Of all the senses available to us, we most often use vision. We can see thanks to many organs: light rays pass through the pupil (hole), the cornea (transparent membrane), then through the lens (a lens-like organ), after which an inverted image appears on the retina (thin membrane in the eyeball). The image is converted into a nerve signal by the receptors lining the retina, the rods and cones, and transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The brain recognizes the nerve impulse as an image, flips it in the right direction and perceives it in three-dimensional form.

Hearing

According to scientists, hearing is the second most commonly used sense. Sounds (air vibrations) travel through the ear canal to the eardrum and cause it to vibrate. Then they pass through the window of the vestibule - a hole closed with a thin film, and the cochlea filled with a liquid tube, while irritating the auditory cells. These cells convert vibrations into nerve signals that are sent to the brain. The brain recognizes these signals as sounds, determining their volume level and pitch.

Touch

Millions of receptors located on the surface of the skin and in its tissues recognize touch, pressure or pain, then send the appropriate signals to the spinal cord and brain. The brain analyzes and decodes these signals, translating them into sensations - pleasant, neutral or unpleasant.

Smell

We are able to distinguish up to ten thousand odors, some of which ( poisonous gases, smoke) warn us of imminent danger. Cells located in the nasal cavity detect the molecules that are the source of the smell, then send the appropriate nerve impulses to the brain. The brain recognizes these odors, which can be pleasant or unpleasant. Scientists have identified seven main odors: aromatic (camphor), ethereal, fragrant (floral), ambrosial (the smell of musk - a substance of animal origin used in perfumery), repulsive (putrefactive), garlic (sulphurous) and, finally, the smell of burning. The sense of smell is often called the sense of memory: indeed, the smell can remind you of a very old event.

Taste

Less developed than the sense of smell, the sense of taste reports the quality and taste of food and liquids consumed. Taste cells, located on the taste buds - small tubercles on the tongue, detect flavors and transmit the appropriate nerve impulses to the brain. The brain analyzes and identifies the nature of the taste.

How do we taste food?

The sense of taste is not enough to appreciate food, and the sense of smell also plays a very important role. The nasal cavity contains two olfactory regions that are sensitive to odors. When we eat, the smell of the food reaches these areas that "determine" whether the food is tasty or not.

Somehow I thought about how to make my memory work better and not have to turn to specialists to remember the most important moments in life.

And I realized that it is necessary to use all channels of perception - vision, hearing, smell, taste, sensations, feelings - then the events will leave a vivid trace in the memory.

Moreover, such memories are treasures for the soul.

The perception of events with all the senses allows you to live life to the fullest, and it is they who turn the simple moments of life into jewels.

In this article, I would like to suggest ways how to develop 5 senses, improve the perception of information and saturate life with new emotions.

I propose to start every day under the motto: I open this wonderful world around!

You need to pay attention and do a little research.

We offer you a book - a hint to help you work with memory and channels of information perception

Developing the 5 Senses: 5 Simple and Effective Exercises

1. Development of visual perception: please the eyes

Remember the expression "the eye rejoices"? This is usually said when it's nice to look at something.

It is important to please yourself and expand your visual perception. These may not be new things, but when you begin to consciously pay attention to things - their volume, color, texture, unusualness and uniqueness - this turns on the reaction in the brain

“yeah, how many different things I see” - “seeing is wonderful!”

Ask yourself: what pleases my eyes? What do I enjoy looking at?

It can also be a beautiful sunset when the sun glows crimson.

And how the river flows, bypassing the rapids.

And the movement of ears of wheat in the field.

In addition, to develop visual perception, notice the details of the world around you:

what is the name of the seller in the store,
how many columns are at the building you pass by to work,
what pattern is laid out tiles in the store.

The question is different: how to return the joy and spring of life?

Let's think, if the center of sensory perception is our heart, then the antennas that saturate it are our fingers, skin, ears, eyes, nose, tongue.

This means that the more we please ourselves, allow us to see and hear the beautiful, discover the whole range of tastes and smells for ourselves, the more we feel this world, we feel happy.

Why pay attention to your feelings?

Feelings are what make up the experience of the soul and the richness of our lives.

Feelings are directly related to memory. Feelings are the instrument of the soul. What stays with us from life to life.

They influence us so much that it is sometimes difficult to remember childhood for those who have a lot of pain and experiences, memory blocks such memories, works as a fuse.

The good news: the sensory perception of life can be returned.

Remember what you loved to do as a child, and what brought a lot of joy, fun and enthusiasm?

Immerse yourself in childhood memories and look at the world in a new way with childish spontaneity and the excitement of a researcher.

I would like to finally quote one thinker:

Whoever can fill every moment with deep content, infinitely prolongs his life.

P.S. For the development of channels of perception to help a practical master class.

P.P.S. Write what feeling you will develop today.

The presence of a sixth sense in humans has long been considered popular scientific theory, but no more than that.

However, the work done by American experts from Duke University turns the theory into an irrefutable fact: the six human senses allow the brain to form the most complete picture of the world around us and the state of our own body. To prove the validity of the assumption, biologists conducted an experiment on laboratory rodents.

Five senses and a new channel of communication

The brain receives information through:

vision;
touch;
smell;
hearing;
taste.

Recent studies have shown that the brain is connected to the intestines through a separate neural channel. Its main purpose is to inform about saturation. The discovery was a real surprise, since it was previously believed that the connection exists only at the hormonal level: nutrients contributed to the production of certain hormones that reached the main organ of the central nervous system through the bloodstream.

Features of the sixth sense

The high sensitivity of a person to the saturation process is explained by the unusually high speed of information transfer in the body: data is transmitted in less than 100 milliseconds. As for the principle of operation, the sixth sense that originates in the intestines functions in the same way as the five previously known ones. It is still premature to draw final conclusions about the discovery, since many mechanisms have not yet been disclosed.

This is not the first study that has produced a sensational result. For example, some time ago, a mechanism was discovered by which a person can forget certain memories. Further work in this direction will help inventing a way to remove painful or unnecessary data from memory.

The person has five basic senses: touch, sight, hearing, smell and taste. The interconnected sense organs send information to the brain to help us understand and. People also have other senses in addition to the main five. Here's how they work.

People have many senses. But traditionally the five human senses are recognized as sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. There is also the ability to detect stimuli other than those regulated by these most widely recognized senses, and these sensory modalities include temperature (thermal detection), kinesthetic sense (proprioception), pain (nociception), balance, vibration (mechanoception), and various internal stimuli (e.g. , different chemoreceptors for determining the concentration of salt and carbon dioxide in the blood, hunger and thirst).

Having made these remarks, let's look at the basic five human senses:

Touch

The sense of touch is considered the first sense that humans develop, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia. The sense of touch consists of several different sensations transmitted to the brain through specialized neurons in the skin. Pressure, temperature, light touch, vibration, pain and other sensations are part of the sense of touch and are all attributed to various receptors on the skin.

Touch is not just a sense used to interact with the world; it also seems to be very important for a person's well-being. For example, touch as compassion of one person to another.

It is the feeling by which we distinguish various qualities tel:-such as warm And cold, hardness And softness, roughness And smoothness.

Vision

Seeing or perceiving with the eyes is a complex process. First, light is reflected from the object to the eye. The transparent outer layer of the eye, called the cornea, bends light as it passes through the pupil. The pupil (which is the colored part of the eye) acts like a camera shutter, shrinking to let in less light or opening wider to let in more light.

The cornea focuses most of the light, and then the light passes through the lens, which continues to focus the light.

The lens of the eye then bends the light and focuses it on the retina, which is full of nerve cells. These cells are shaped like rods and cones and are named after their shapes. The cones translate light into colors, central vision and detail. The wands also give people vision when there is limited light, such as at night. The information translated from the light is sent as electrical impulses to the brain via the optic nerve.

Hearing

Hearing works through the complex labyrinth that is the human ear. Sound is directed through the outer ear and fed into the external auditory canal. The sound waves then reach the eardrum. It is a thin sheet of connective tissue that vibrates when sound waves reach it.

Vibrations travel to the middle ear. The auditory ossicles vibrate there—three tiny bones called the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup).

People maintain their sense of balance because the eustachian tube, or pharyngo-matian tube, in the middle ear equalizes air pressure with atmospheric pressure. The vestibular complex in the inner ear is also important for balance because it contains receptors that regulate the sense of balance. The inner ear is connected to the vestibulocochlear nerve, which transmits sound and balance information to the brain.

Smell

The sense of smell, through which we distinguish odors, different kinds which convey different impressions to the mind. The organs of animal and vegetable origin, as well as most other bodies, when exposed to air, constantly send out odors, as well as a state of life and growth, as in a state of fermentation and putrefaction. These effluvia, drawn into the nostrils along with the air, are the means by which all bodies exude.

According to researchers, humans can smell more than 1 trillion scents. They do this with the olfactory fissure, which is located at the top of the nasal cavity, next to the olfactory bulb and fossa. The nerve endings in the olfactory fissure transmit odors to the brain.

In fact, a poor sense of smell in humans may be a symptom of a medical condition or aging. For example, a distorted or reduced ability to smell is a symptom of schizophrenia and depression. Old age can also reduce this ability. According to data published in 2006 by the National Institutes of Health, more than 75 percent of people over the age of 80 may have severe olfactory disorders.

Taste

Taste is usually classified into the perception of four different tastes: salty, sweet, sour, and bitter. There may be many other flavors that have not yet been discovered. In addition, spicy, the taste is not.

The sense of taste helps people to check the food they eat. A bitter or sour taste indicates that the plant may be poisonous or rotten. Something salty or sweet, however, often means the food is rich in nutrients.

Taste is felt in the taste buds. Adults have between 2,000 and 4,000 taste buds. Most of them are on the tongue, but they also extend the back of the throat, epiglottis, nasal cavity, and esophagus.

It is a myth that the tongue has specific zones for each flavor. The five tastes can be felt in all parts of the tongue, although the sides are more sensitive than the middle. About half of the sensory cells in taste buds respond to several of the five basic tastes.

Cells differ in the level of sensitivity. Each has a specific palette of flavors with a fixed ranking, so some cells may be more sensitive to sweet, followed by bitter, sour, and salty. A complete picture of taste is produced only after all information from different parts of the tongue is combined.

In this painting by Pietro Paolini, each individual represents one of the five human senses.

sixth sense of man

In addition to the traditional big five, there is the sixth human sense, the sense of space, which is about how the brain understands where your body is in space. This sense is called proprioception.

Proprioception involves the sense of movement and position of our limbs and muscles. For example, proprioception allows a person to touch the tip of their nose with their finger even when their eyes are closed. This allows a person to climb the steps without looking at each one. People with poor proprioception can be clumsy.

Researchers from National Institute health (NIH) found that people who have particularly poor proprioception, such as the feeling when someone is pressing on your skin, (may have a mutated gene that is passed down from generation to generation) may not work, so their neurons cannot detect touch or limb movements.

People's Feelings: List

Here is a list of other human senses regarding the main five senses:

Pressure
Temperature
Thirst
Hunger
Direction
Time
muscle tension
Proprioception (the ability to recognize your body in detail, relative to other body parts)
Sense of balance (the ability to balance and feel the movement of the body in terms of acceleration and change of direction)
Stretch receptors (They are found in places like the lungs, bladder, stomach, blood vessels, and gastrointestinal tract.)
Chemoreceptors (This is the medulla oblongata trigger in the brain that is involved in detecting blood. It is also involved in reflex vomiting.)

Subtle human feelings

There are more subtle human feelings that most people never perceive. For example, there are neuron sensors that sense movement to control balance and head tilt. Specific kinesthetic receptors exist to detect stretch in muscles and tendons, helping people keep track of their limbs. Other receptors detect oxygen levels in certain blood flow arteries.

Sometimes people don't even perceive feelings in the same way. For example, people with synesthesia may see sounds as colors or associate certain sights with smells.

Five - those that we all know, that is, sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch - were first listed by Aristotle, who, being an outstanding scientist, nevertheless often fell into a mess. (For example, according to Aristotle, we think with the help of the heart, bees come from the decaying carcasses of bulls, and flies have only four legs.)

According to the conventional wisdom, a person has four more senses.

Thermoception is the feeling of warmth (or lack thereof) on our skin.

Equibrioception is a sense of balance that is determined by the fluid-containing cavities in our inner ear.

Nociception is the perception of pain by the skin, joints, and organs of the body. Strangely, this does not include the brain, which has no pain-sensing receptors at all. Headaches - no matter what we think - do not come from within the brain.

Proprioception - or "body awareness". It is an understanding of where the parts of our body are, even we do not feel or see them. Try closing your eyes and swinging your leg in the air. You will still know where your foot is in relation to the rest of your body.

How to find out something personal about the interlocutor by his appearance