Final work on the topic of the molecular level of life. "molecular level of organization". "Molecular level of organization"

Municipal educational institution

Sortavala municipal district Republic of Karelia

Medium comprehensive school № 3

Diagnostic work in biology " Molecular level»

Grade 9

Sortavala 2010

Molecular level

1 option

1. All living organisms:

a) have adaptations to the environment

b) develop

c) are heterotrophs

d) capable of metabolism

2. The distinctive function of fats from carbohydrates:

a) building

b) energy

c) storage

d) protective

3. Monomers of nucleic acids are:

a) amino acids

b) glucose

c) nucleotides

d) nitrogenous bases

4. DNA is different from RNA:

a) location in the cell

b) belonging to biopolymers

c) the remainder of H 3 RO 4 , which is part of the nucleotide

d) the presence of thymine in the nucleotide

5. Enzyme:

a) biocatalyst

b) participates in the process of synthesis and decay of substances

c) most active t close to zero

d) has a protein base

6. Viruses are similar to non-living structures in that:

a) able to reproduce

b) unable to grow

c) have heredity and variability

d) do not produce energy

7. The composition of complex proteins - glycoproteins includes:

a) fats

b) nucleic acids

c) carbohydrates

G) inorganic substances

8. Vitamins:

a) are not used in the cage as building material

b) are used as a reserve of nutrients

c) are biocatalysts

d) do not belong to biocatalysts

9. Draw the nucleotide sequence of the second DNA strand, indicating the hydrogen bonds:

T-T-G-A-C-C-T-G-A-A.

10. Establish a correspondence between the types of nucleic acids and their characteristics.

Nucleic acids Characteristic

A) RNA 1. biopolymer

B) DNA 2. deoxyribose as part of the monomer

3. H 3 RO 4 in the monomer

4. monomers contain ribose

5. consists of monomers

6. contains uracil

7. Nucleotides contain nitrogenous bases

8. a nucleotide has three components

9. Contains Thymine

10. located in the cytoplasm and ribosomes

11. located in the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids

12. contains adenine

Diagnostic work in biology

Molecular level

Option 2

B. Make a diagram. 9. Write down the missing DNA nucleotides, indicating the hydrogen bonds:A-G-*-C-C-T-*-*-G-CT-*-T-*-*-*-A-C-C-*

10. Establish a correspondence between the structure of a protein molecule and its characteristics.

Structure of a protein molecule

A) primary 1. characteristic of all proteinsB) secondary 2. globuleC) tertiary 3. polypeptide chainD) Quaternary 4. spiral5. occurs as a result of the connection several proteins6. formed by a strong peptide bond7. held by numerous hydrogen bondsconnections8. is destroyed by reversible denaturation
ANSWERS1 option1

Used materials

1. Biology. Introduction to general biology and ecology. Textbook for 9 cells. A.A. Kamensky, E.A. Kriksunov, V.V. Pasechnik M.: Bustard, 2007.

2. Frosin V.N., Sivoglazov V.I. Getting ready for one state exam: General biology. - M.: Bustard, 2004. - 216s;

3. Bolgova I.V. Collection of tasks for general biology for university applicants. M .: "Onyx 21st century" "World and education", 2005;

4. Biology. Educational and training materials for the preparation of students. "Intellect-Center" 2007

Option 1

Part A 1. The monomer of a protein molecule is 1) nitrogenous base 2) monosaccharide 3) amino acid 4) lipid

2. Most enzymes are 1) carbohydrates 2) lipids 3) amino acids 4) proteins

3. The building function of carbohydrates is that they

1) form a cellulose cell wall in plants 2) are biopolymers

3) are able to dissolve in water 4) serve as a reserve substance of an animal cell

4. Lipids play an important role in cell life, since they

1) are enzymes 2) dissolve in water 3) serve as a source of energy 4) maintain a constant environment in the cell.

5. Proteins, unlike carbohydrates, have the ability to

1) solubility 2) denaturation 3) nerve impulse conduction 4) accumulation a large number energy

6. What pairs of nucleotides form hydrogen bonds in the DNA molecule (complementary)?

1) adenine and thymine 2) adenine and cytosine 3) guanine and thymine 4) uracil and thymine

Part B 1 . The RNA molecule contains:

A) ribose B) guanium C) magnesium cation D) deoxyribose E) amino acid E) phosphoric acid

2. Establish a correspondence between the function of the compound and the biopolymer for which it is characteristic. In the table below, under each number that defines the position of the first column, write down the letter corresponding to the position of the second column

FUNCTION BIOPOLYMER

1) storage of hereditary information A) protein B) DNA

2) the formation of new molecules by self-doubling

3) acceleration of chemical reactions

4) is an essential component of the cell membrane

5) neutralization of antigens

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3

4

5

Part WITH

Why does glucose not play a storage role in the cell?

Test on the topic "Molecular level of organization". Option 2

Part A 1. The bonds between monomers in a protein molecule are called

1) hydrogen 2) ionic 3) peptide 4) energy intensive

2. The protective function of proteins is manifested in the fact that they

1) undergo denaturation 2) serve as antibodies 3) participate in cell construction 4) transport gases

3. What reserve nutrient serves as an energy reserve of the cell?

1) starch 2) amino acid 3) nucleic acid 4) polysaccharide - chitin

4. Fats in the cell provide

1) transport of hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances 2) dissolution of hydrophobic (water-insoluble) substances 3) acceleration chemical reactions 4) motor function

5. The main function of carbohydrates compared to proteins is

1) building 2) protective 3) catalytic 4) energy

6. What carbohydrate is included in the composition of RNA nucleotides? 1) ribose 2) glucose 3) sucrose 4) deoxyribose

Part B

1. The DNA molecule contains

A) phosphoric acid B) adenine C) ribose D) deoxyribose E) uracil E) iron cation

Write your answer as a sequence of letters in alphabetical order (no spaces or other characters).

2. Establish a correspondence between the function of the compound and the biopolymer for which it is characteristic. In the table below, under each number that defines the position of the first column, write down the letter corresponding to the position of the second column.

FUNCTION BIOPOLYMER

1) formation of cell walls A) polysaccharide B) nucleic acid

2) transportation of amino acids

3) storage of hereditary information

4) serves as a reserve nutrient

5) provides the cell with energy

Write down the resulting sequence of letters in the table and transfer it to the answer sheet (without spaces or other symbols).

2

3

4

5

Part C.1. Why is starch classified as a biopolymer and what property of starch determines its storage function in the cell?

Molecular level of organization of living nature. test grade 9 Ι option

1. The connection of two strands of DNA into a helix is ​​carried out by bonds:

a) ionic

b) hydrogen

c) hydrophobic

d) electrostatic

2. Monosaccharides include:

a) lactose, glucose

b) deoxyribose, sucrose

c) glucose, fructose

d) glycogen, maltose

3. Polymers include:

a) starch, protein, cellulose

b) protein, glycogen, fat

c) cellulose, sucrose, starch

4. Monomers of DNA and RNA are:

a) nitrogenous bases

b) deoxyribose and ribose

d) nucleotides

5. Changeable parts of an amino acid are:

a) amino group and carboxyl group

b) radical

c) carboxyl group

d) radical and carboxyl group

6. Which of the substances is highly soluble in water?

a) fiber b) protein c) glucose d) lipids

7. In which case is the composition of the DNA nucleotide correctly indicated?

a) ribose, phosphoric acid residue, thymine

b) phosphoric acid, uracil, deoxyribose

c) phosphoric acid residue, deoxyribose, adenine

d) phosphoric acid, ribose, guanine

8. Amino acids in a protein molecule are connected by:

a) ionic bond

b) peptide bond

c) hydrogen bond

d) covalent bond

9. Enzymes are biocatalysts consisting of:

a) proteins b) nucleotides c) lipids d) fats

10. Carbon as an element is included in:

a) proteins and carbohydrates

b) carbohydrates and lipids

c) carbohydrates and nucleic acids

d) all organic compounds cells

Molecular level of organization of living nature. test grade 9 ΙΙ option

1. What is the function of ribosomal RNA?

a) forms the active centers of the ribosome

b) carries information from DNA

c) carries amino acids to ribosomes

d) all of the listed functions

2. Molecules are built from amino acid residues:

a) carbohydrates b) proteins c) lipids d) fats

3. The secondary structure of the protein is maintained:

a) peptide bonds

b) hydrogen bonds

c) disulfide bonds

G) covalent bonds

4. In the process of biochemical reactions, enzymes:

a) they speed up reactions without changing themselves

b) accelerate reactions and change as a result of the reaction

c) slow down reactions without changing

d) slow down reactions by changing

5. Which of the named chemical compounds is not biopolymer?

a) protein b) glucose c) deoxyribonucleic acid d) cellulose

6. Protein molecules differ from each other:

a) the sequence of alternation of amino acids

b) the number of amino acids in the molecule

c) the shape of the tertiary structure

d) all of the above features

7. Monomers of nucleic acids are:

a) deoxyribose and phosphate groups

b) ribose or deoxyribose

c) nitrogenous base, carbohydrate, phosphoric acid residue

d) nucleotides

8. What is the function of transfer RNA?

a) carries amino acids to ribosomes

b) carries information from DNA

c) forms ribosomes

d) all of the listed functions

9. Polysaccharides include:

a) starch, ribose

b) glycogen, glucose

c) cellulose, starch

d) starch, sucrose

10. The cell contains DNA:

a) in the nucleus and mitochondria

b) in the nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles

c) in the nucleus, mitochondria and cytoplasm

d) in the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids

TEST ON THE TOPIC "MOLECULAR LEVEL"

Option I

1. Which of the named chemical compounds is not a biopolymer?

a) Protein;

b) glucose;

c) deoxyribonucleic acid;

d) cellulose.

2. Changeable parts of an amino acid are:

a) an amino group and a carboxyl group;

b) a radical;

c) carboxyl group;

d) a radical and a carboxyl group.

3. In the process of biochemical reactions, enzymes:

a) they speed up reactions, while they themselves do not change;

b) accelerate reactions and change as a result of the reaction;

c) slow down reactions without changing;

d) slow down reactions by changing.

4. Monomers of DNA and RNA are:

a) nitrogenous bases;

b) deoxyribose and ribose;

c) nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups;

d) nucleotides.

5. The secondary structure of the protein is maintained:

a) peptide bonds;

b) hydrogen bonds;

c) disulfide bonds;

d) bonds between acid radicals;

d) all the listed types of communication.

6. Polymers include:

a) starch, protein, cellulose;

b) protein, glycogen, fat;

c) cellulose, sucrose, starch;

d) ribose, protein, fat.

7. Molecules are built from amino acid residues:

a) carbohydrates;

b) proteins;

c) lipids;

d) fat.

8. Monosaccharides include:

a) lactose, glucose;

b) deoxyribose, sucrose;

c) glucose, fructose;

d) glycogen, maltose.

9. What is the function of ribosomal RNA?

a) Forms ribosomes;

c) amino acid transfer to ribosomes;

10. The connection of two strands of DNA into a helix is ​​carried out by bonds:

a) ionic;

b) hydrogen;

c) hydrophobic;

d) electrostatic.

11. The protein coat in which the virus genome is enclosed is called

A) virion

B) capsule

B) viroid

D) capsid

12. Viruses multiply

a) only in the host cell

b) independently, outside the host cells

c) both options are correct

Task : a fragment of one of the DNA chains has the following structure: AAG-HCT-ACG-TSH. Build i-RNA on it.

Option II

1. Which of the substances dissolves well in water?

a) fiber;

b) protein;

c) glucose;

d) lipids.

2. Protein molecules differ from each other:

a) the sequence of alternation of amino acids;

b) the number of amino acids in the molecule;

c) the form of the tertiary structure;

d) all of the above features.

3. In which case is the composition of the DNA nucleotide correctly indicated:

a) ribose, phosphoric acid residue, thymine;

b) phosphoric acid, uracil, deoxyribose;

c) phosphoric acid residue, deoxyribose, adenine;

d) phosphoric acid, ribose, guanine.

4. Monomers of nucleic acids are:

a) nitrogenous bases;

b) ribose or deoxyribose;

c) deoxyribose and phosphate groups;

d) nucleotides.

5. Amino acids in a protein molecule are connected by:

a) ionic bond;

b) peptide bond;

c) hydrogen bond;

d) bonds between acid radicals.

6. What is the function of transfer RNA?

a) Transfer of amino acids to ribosomes;

b) removal and transfer of information from DNA;

c) forms ribosomes;

d) all of the above functions.

7. Enzymes are biocatalysts consisting of:

a) from proteins;

b) lipids;

c) nucleotides;

d) fat.

8. Polysaccharides include:

a) starch, ribose;

b) glycogen, glucose;

c) cellulose, starch;

d) starch, sucrose.

9. Carbon as an element is included in:

a) proteins and carbohydrates;

b) carbohydrates and lipids;

c) carbohydrates and nucleic acids;

d) all organic compounds of the cell.

10. The cell contains DNA:

a) in the nucleus and mitochondria:

b) nucleus, cytoplasm and various organelles;

c) nucleus, mitochondria and cytoplasm;

d) nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts.

11. Viruses are ...

a) non-cellular form of life

b) the oldest eukaryotes

c) primitive bacteria

12. Viruses are made up of

a) proteins and nucleic acids

b) cellulose and proteins

c) DNA and RNA

d) nuclei and cytoplasm

Task : i-RNA fragment has the following structure: GAU-GAG-UAC-UUC-AAA. Identify tRNA anticodons. Also write down the fragment of the DNA molecule on which this mRNA was synthesized.

Answers:

Option I: 1 – b, 2 – b, 3 – a, 4 – d, 5 – b, 6 – a, 7 – b, 8 – c, 9 – a, 10 – b, 11-d, 12-a.

Solution: according to the rule of complementarity, we determine the mRNA fragment and break it into triplets: UUC-CGA-UHC-AAC.

Option II: 1 – c, 2 – d, 3 – c, 4 – d, 5 – b, 6 – a, 7 – a, 8 – c, 9 – d, 10 – d, 11-a, 12-c.

Solution : we break the i-RNA into triplets GAU-GAG-UAC-UUC-AAA. This fragment contains 5 triplets, so 5 t-RNA will participate in the synthesis. Their anticodons are determined according to the rule of complementarity: CUA-CUC-AUG-AAG-UUU. Also, according to the rule of complementarity, we determine the DNA fragment (by i-RNA !!!): TSTATSTSATGAAGTTT.