Space attracts not only scientists. This eternal theme for drawing. Of course, we cannot see everything with our own eyes. But the photos and videos taken by the astronauts are amazing. And in our instructions we will try to depict space. This lesson is simple, but will help the child figure out where each planet is.
You will need: a sheet of paper; pencil; eraser; compass;
Step 1
Basic circle
First, draw a large circle on the right side of the sheet. If you don't have a compass, you can trace around a round object.
Orbits
Orbits of planets that are at the same distance depart from the center. 
central part
The circles are getting bigger. Of course, they will not fit completely, so draw semicircles. 
The orbits of the planets never intersect, otherwise they will collide with each other.
We finish drawing the orbits
The entire sheet should be covered with semicircles. We know only nine planets. But what if there are also cosmic bodies in distant orbits that move along the most distant orbits.
Sun
Make the central circle a little smaller and circle it with a thick line so that the Sun stands out from the rest of the orbits.
Mercury, Venus and Earth
Now let's start drawing the planets. They need to be placed in a certain order. Each planet has its own orbit. Mercury revolves around the sun itself. Behind him, in the second orbit, is Venus. The third is the Earth.
Mars, Saturn and Neptune
Earth's neighbor is Mars. It is slightly smaller than our planet. Leave the fifth orbit empty for now. The next circles are Saturn, Neptune. These celestial bodies are also called giant planets, as they are ten times larger than the Earth.
Uranus, Jupiter and Pluto
Between Saturn and Neptune is another large planet - Uranus. Draw it on the side so that the images do not touch.
Jupiter is considered the largest planet in the solar system. That is why we will depict it on the side, away from other planets. And on the ninth orbit, add the smallest celestial body - Pluto.
Rings on Saturn
Saturn is known for its rings that have appeared around it. Draw several ovals in the center of the planet. Draw rays of different sizes that depart from the Sun.
planetary surfaces
The surface of each planet is not uniform. Even our Sun has different shades and black spots. On each planet, depict the surface using circles and semicircles.
Draw fog on the surface of Jupiter. This planet often experiences sandstorms and is overcast.
The last details are concentric circles on the Sun. On some planets, draw a shadow, separating it with a semicircle. You can also draw near the Earth its satellite - the Moon.
Coloring
Space in space is dark blue. The sun is yellow, Mercury is grey, Venus and Jupiter are brown. The earth is green and blue. Mars is red, Neptune is green, Saturn is sandy and its rings are white or light blue as they are icy. Uranus is blue-blue and Neptune is grey-black. You can also add other details like stars, comets and asteroids.
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the solar system in terms of diameter and mass. Often, Saturn is called sister planets. When compared, it becomes clear why Saturn and Jupiter were designated as relatives. From the composition of the atmosphere to the features of rotation, these two planets are very similar. It is in honor of this similarity that in Roman mythology Saturn was named after the father of the god Jupiter.
A unique feature of Saturn is the fact that this planet is the least dense in the solar system. Despite having a dense, solid core, Saturn's large, gaseous outer layer brings the planet's average density to only 687 kg/m3. As a result, it turns out that the density of Saturn is less than that of water, and if it were the size of a matchbox, it would easily float along the spring stream.
Orbit and rotation of Saturn
The average orbital distance of Saturn is 1.43 x 109 km. This means that Saturn is 9.5 times farther from the Sun than the total distance from the Earth to the Sun. As a result, it takes about an hour and twenty minutes for sunlight to reach the planet. In addition, given the distance of Saturn from the Sun, the duration of the year on the planet is 10.756 Earth days; that is, about 29.5 Earth years.
The eccentricity of Saturn's orbit is the third largest after and. As a result of such a large eccentricity, the distance between the planet's perihelion (1.35 x 109 km) and aphelion (1.50 x 109 km) is quite significant - about 1.54 x 108 km.
Saturn's 26.73-degree axial tilt is very similar to Earth's, which explains why the planet has the same seasons as Earth. However, due to the remoteness of Saturn from the Sun, it receives much less sunlight during the year and for this reason the seasons on Saturn are much more "blurred" than on Earth.
Talking about the rotation of Saturn is just as interesting as talking about the rotation of Jupiter. With a rotation speed of approximately 10 hours and 45 minutes, Saturn is second only to Jupiter, which is the fastest rotating planet in the solar system. Such extreme rates of rotation no doubt affect the shape of the planet, giving it the shape of a spheroid, that is, a sphere that bulges somewhat around the equator.
The second surprising feature of Saturn's rotation is the different rotation rates between different apparent latitudes. This phenomenon is formed as a result of the fact that the predominant substance in the composition of Saturn is gas, and not a solid body.
Saturn's ring system is the most famous in the solar system. The rings themselves are mostly made up of billions of tiny particles of ice, along with dust and other comical debris. This composition explains why the rings are visible from Earth through telescopes - ice has a very high reflectance of sunlight.
There are seven broad classifications among the rings: A, B, C, D, E, F, G. Each ring got its name according to English alphabet in order of occurrence frequency. The most visible rings from Earth are A, B and C. In fact, each ring is thousands of smaller rings, literally pressed against each other. But there are gaps between the main rings. The gap between rings A and B is the largest of these gaps and is 4700 km.
The main rings begin at a distance of about 7,000 km above Saturn's equator and extend for another 73,000 km. It is interesting to note that, despite the fact that this is a very significant radius, the actual thickness of the rings is no more than one kilometer.
The most common theory to explain the formation of rings is the theory that in the orbit of Saturn, under the influence of tidal forces, a medium-sized satellite broke up, and this happened at the moment when its orbit became too close to Saturn.
- Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the last of the planets known to ancient civilizations. It is believed that it was first observed by the inhabitants of Babylon.
Saturn is one of the five planets that can be seen with the naked eye. It is also the fifth brightest object in the solar system.
In Roman mythology, Saturn was the father of Jupiter, the king of the gods. A similar ratio has in terms of the similarity of the planets with the same name, in particular in size and composition.
Saturn releases more energy than it receives from the Sun. It is believed that this feature is due to the gravitational contraction of the planet and friction a large number helium in its atmosphere.
Saturn takes 29.4 Earth years to complete its orbit around the Sun. Such a slow movement relative to the stars was the reason for the ancient Assyrians to designate the planet as "Lubadsagush", which means "the oldest of the old."
Saturn has some of the fastest winds in our solar system. The speed of these winds has been measured, the maximum figure is about 1800 kilometers per hour.
Saturn is the least dense planet in the solar system. The planet is mostly hydrogen and has a density less than that of water - which technically means that Saturn will float.
Saturn has over 150 moons. All of these satellites have an icy surface. The largest of these are Titan and Rhea. Enceladus is a very interesting satellite, as scientists are sure that a water ocean is hidden under its ice crust.
- Saturn's moon Titan is the second largest moon in the solar system, after Jupiter's moon Ganymede. Titanium has a complex and dense atmosphere, consisting mainly of nitrogen, water ice and rock. The frozen surface of Titan has liquid lakes of methane and a topography covered in liquid nitrogen. Because of this, researchers believe that if Titan is a harbor for life, then this life will be fundamentally different from the earth.
Saturn is the flattest of the eight planets. Its polar diameter is 90% of its equatorial diameter. This is due to the fact that the low-density planet has a high rotation rate - it takes Saturn 10 hours and 34 minutes to rotate around its axis.
On Saturn, oval-shaped storms occur, which are similar in structure to those that occur on Jupiter. Scientists believe that such a pattern of clouds around north pole Saturn may be a real example of the existence of atmospheric waves in the upper clouds. Also over south pole Saturn there is a vortex, which in its form is very similar to the hurricanes that occur on Earth.
In telescope lenses, Saturn is usually seen in a pale yellow color. This is because its upper atmosphere contains ammonia crystals. Below this top layer are clouds that are mostly water ice. Even lower, layers of icy sulfur and cold mixtures of hydrogen.
We will be studying how to draw planets with a pencil. But first, a few facts. Suddenly come in handy in astronomy lessons:
- Our solar system is a "star called the Sun" and assorted objects revolving around it.
- We also have VTsIOM. Studying and learning public opinion. And that's what they investigated: they found out that a third of Russians believe that the Sun revolves around the Earth. No comments =) I hope there are no such people among you?
- The Sun appeared 4.6 billion years ago. At least that's how it's supposed to be. You understand that there are no witnesses left.
- The sun warms us with an ulterior motive. The temperature of the prominence is like a mini outgrowth of a star, 6000 Kelvin. And inside the luminary is hot right up to 13,500,000 Kelvin. It’s hard to even imagine, and there’s nothing to compare with. - Brain explosion!
- Planets in their sequence from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. We live on the third planet from the Sun. Congratulations!
- There is another large object in the solar system. Pluto. If you ask your parents, they will unanimously say that this is another planet. And they will be partly right. Since its discovery in 1930, Pluto was indeed considered a planet, but since 2006, the definition of “what is a planet” has been accepted. And Pluto didn't fit in. So now we have a double dwarf planet Pluto-Charon.
The astronomy demo lesson is over, let's try it now draw planets solar system pencil.
How to draw the planets of the solar system with a pencil
Step one. Draw the orbits of the planets. Their shape is an ellipse close to a circle. But, if you look from one point, then visually we see not circles, but arcs, parts of ellipses. Such as in the picture. On the lines we outline the positions of the planets. 
Step two. We draw circles - planets. We start with small Mercury, then Venus and the Earth are larger, again a small circle is Mars and further, as in the figure. In the lower left corner we show the edge of the Sun. 
Step three. Erase the auxiliary lines - the axes of the circles. Let's make the orbits brighter. 
Step four. Let's add others celestial bodies: comets, asteroids. Let's draw "rings" to the major planets. 
Step five. Let's do the shading. With it, we must turn our circles into a sphere. Remember that we have the Sun in the center, and light falls from its side. And here opposite side the planet will be darkened. The result should be something like this: 
I also recommend interesting lessons similar in subject matter.
In this lesson I will tell you how to draw our solar system, the planets of the solar system in stages with a pencil.
Look how big our star - the Sun is compared to the planets, in particular ours. Each planet in the solar system revolves around the sun, each has its own rotation period. We are at such a distance from the sun that we do not freeze and do not burn, this is the ideal distance for the development of life. If we were a little closer or a little further, we would not be here now, we would not rejoice at every minute of our lives and would not sit near computers and learn to draw.
So, on the left side of the paper we draw a small sun, a little higher than the planet, which is very close to it - Mercury. Usually they show the orbit in which the planet moves, we will do that too. The second planet is Venus.
Now our turn has come, the planet Earth is the third, it is slightly larger than all the previous ones. Mars is smaller than Earth and farther away.
A very large distance is occupied by the Asteroid Belt, where there are many, many asteroids (a celestial body of the solar system that does not have an atmosphere) of irregular shape. The Asteroid Belt lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system.
The sixth planet from the sun is Saturn, it is slightly smaller than Jupiter.
Then come the planets Uranus and Neptune.
On this moment It is believed that there are 8 planets in the solar system. There used to be a ninth called Pluto, but relatively recently similar objects have been found, such as Eris, Makemaki and Haumea, which are all combined into one name - plutoids. This happened in 2008. These planets are dwarf.
