"Solar system" with your own hands! July 29th, 2015

Every time the holidays come, after I am glad that I no longer have to get up early and collect the children for school, and then rush there, trying not to be late for the start of classes, I think, what would I do to keep them busy so that there are no excruciatingly boring. Of course, the easiest and cheapest way is to stick a tablet in your hands, and there they will find cartoons, games, and other entertainment. But you don’t want it like that, you want the entertainment to be of an educational and developing nature. And here one cannot do without fiction and direct parental participation.

In April of this year, when we were on vacation in Moscow, the company Space Giraffe offered to test the children's creative set "Solar system". I happily jumped at this opportunity, since Anya, following her father Dima, has long been showing a genuine interest in the topic of space and everything connected with it. Her passion is so strong that she has already managed to infect Leva with it, who quickly learned the names of all the planets with her help.

On the indicated day, we received a set in a box of impressive size. The kids clapped their hands happily and jumped around as I unpacked it. And they were very surprised that there was nothing special inside. A set of paints, cardboard-base and hemispheres-blanks, which were destined to become models of the planets. Everything else is the work of the creator, in whose possession such a box falls, and the final result depends only on him.

First, it was necessary to prepare the base-cardboard (60 x 40 cm), painting over its entire surface with black. Anya readily took up this task and, in the process of completing it, drew a little, and then joyfully painted over her pictures. She didn’t have enough strength to complete what she started (they ended in the first 10-15 minutes) and I already finished painting the base (of course, the most boring thing always goes to my mother). However, I even liked it))) It’s quite nice to paint cardboard with black paint, this activity had a relaxing effect on me (what does a mother of many children need at the end of a working day?).

Everyone wanted to paint the planets, even little Misha. We carefully switched Misha to other activities, and began to divide the planets between Anya and Leo. The greatest excitement was caused by the Sun and the Earth, the least - by Mercury and Mars (because they are very small). There was almost a fight, in general, they painted the Sun alternately))))

While the planet models were drying, Anya busied herself with drawing the orbits for the planets on the black base with white chalk, and I read to them about the planets we were preparing to place on the base in order to create a model of the solar system as soon as they were ready.

For example, that time on different planets flows differently. One day on Mercury is 58 Earth days! And the mass of the Sun is 99% of the mass of the entire solar system. And also the fact that on the Moon a person weighs 6 times less than on Earth, due to the lower force of gravity, and that Saturn is not the only planet with rings of stones, ice and other particles. Similar rings exist around Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune, but only around Saturn can we see them from Earth.

Given the latter fact, we decided not to make “rings” to any of the planets (for some reason, we unanimously decided that our model of the solar system in this form would look much more harmonious).

Here's what we ended up with:

The model of the solar system looks quite impressive. Bright, informative, visual! And, most importantly, handmade)

When D. returned home, Anya and Lev proudly showed him the fruit of their labor. I didn’t have time to capture Dima’s dad’s smile, but believe me, he was happy!)))

Marina Stolyarova

“Humanity will not remain forever on earth, but,

in pursuit of light and space,

first timidly penetrates beyond the atmosphere,

and then conquer all circumsolar space"

K. Tsiolkovsky

Since ancient times, the eyes of people have been directed to the sky. Starting from the first steps on earth, a person felt his dependence on the sky, his life and activity largely depended on it. Our ancestors knew and understood "habits" sky. For them, the sky was alive, filled, manifesting itself in many ways. This love and knowledge of the sky must be brought up in older preschoolers.

Target: create model of the solar system and show by example that The solar system is a system of planets, in the center of which is a bright star, a source of energy, heat and light - Sun. Around which nine large planets revolve in orbits.

Material: stationery glue, scissors, sewing threads of different colors, balloons, foil, hoop, waste material (boxes paper, plastic).

1. Prepare the necessary material. Inflate balloons of different sizes according to the required size solar system(planets, Sun) .

2. Thread the needle and thread it through the glue.

3. Wrap each ball with thread and let the glue dry.

4. After the glue dries, remove the balloon from the threads, after untying it or bursting it.

5. For the planet Saturn, cut out a ring from foil or paper and glue it in the future planet.

6. Wind the threads around the hoop.

7. Cut out stars and comets from foil.

8. Make a ship out of waste material.

9. Hang all planets, stars and comets in accordance with the location of the planets solar system. Names to sign.

10. The model of the solar system is ready.

Related publications:

"Planets of the solar system" for the design of the group for the thematic week "Cosmos". Master Class. As in many other gardens, we passed.

Hello dear colleagues! I want to show you my layout "Planets of the solar system". After all, soon April 12 is the day of Cosmonautics, and the topic.

On the eve of Cosmonautics Day, I made an informative visual aid to replenish the materials of the developing environment in kindergarten.

I want to bring to your attention the model of the "Planet of the Solar System" with my own hands. Space is very big. In addition to our Earth, there are others.

In order, all the planets will be named by any of us. One is Mercury, two is Venus, three is Earth, four is Mars. Five is Jupiter, six is ​​Saturn, seven.

I want to introduce you to the layout of the "Planet of the Solar System" with my own hands. So, for outer space we need: Frame 30 * 50.

On the eve of the anniversary of Cosmonautics Day, I bring to your attention a master class on making a model of the Planet of the Solar System. Do it together.

Relevance of the research topic

We are inhabitants of the planet Earth. Planet Earth is heated and illuminated by the Sun. In addition to the planet Earth, there are other planets that are part of the solar system. All of them are a single living organism, which has its own laws and many mysteries. At the lesson of the surrounding world, when studying the topic “Planets”, in order to better remember the names, the planetary teacher offered us the game “Parade of Planets”. Each participant was asked to take a model of their planet and take their place. This helped me remember the names of the planets better. But some guys continued to get confused in the names and locations of the planets. And then I thought that if the teacher had a model of the solar system on the table, then the guys would have better learned the names of the planets and their location in outer space as they move away from the Sun. I had an idea to try to make a model of the solar system, especially since we already had models of the planets themselves, so that other guys can easily remember educational material. Thus, the research problem was defined.

Research problem

Difficulties arising in the assimilation and consolidation of educational material.

Hypothesis.

The demonstration material significantly increases the assimilation of the material on the studied topic.

Subject and object of research:

The subject of the study is the planets of the solar system

The object of study is materials and documents about the solar system, existing models of the solar

Target:

To prove the effectiveness of the influence of the demonstration material - the model of the solar system - on the assimilation of educational material by students.

Tasks:

Study information about the solar system in the global network.

Make a model of the solar system.

Research methods:

Questioning.

Analysis of the received information. Drafting research charts.

Chapter 1.

1.1. The structure of the solar system.

Since the beginning of time, people have been interested in the origin of the Earth, Sun, stars and planets. For centuries, people have deified the Sun, the Moon, and the planets. However, they began to study the sky only about 5000 years ago. It used to be thought that the Earth is the motionless center of the Universe, around which the planets move.The general structure of the solar system was revealed in the middle of the 16th century. N. Copernicus, who substantiated the idea of ​​the motion of the planets around the Sun. This model of the solar system is called heliocentric. In the 17th century. I. Kepler discovered the laws of planetary motion, and I. Newton formulated the law gravity. Studying physical characteristics cosmic bodies that make up the solar system became possible only after the invention by G. Galileo in 1609 telescope . Yes, watching sunspots, Galileo first discoveredrotation of the sun around its axis.

In the twentieth century when a man flew into space, a breakthrough was made in learning solar system. This is how it is today.The solar system includes the central star - the Sun, eight planets revolving around it and their satellites, many small planets, comets, meteorites, and the interplanetary medium. All planets move around the Sun counterclockwise and all except Venus and Uranus in the same direction around their own axis.

The planets revolve in nearly circular orbits within a nearly flat disk. The four smaller and closer to the Sun are called the inner planets or the planets of the Terrestrial group. These planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) are made up of metals and rocks. Therefore, they are also called rocky.

The outer, most massive planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) consist mainly of helium and hydrogen. They are called gas giants.

The planets of the Earth group are separated from the planets of the Jupiter group by an asteroid belt. It is located just behind Mars, orbits the Sun in the same direction, and contains thousands of minor planets. The asteroids of this belt are shapeless blocks ranging in size from several tens of kilometers to 1000 km. In composition, they are similar to the planets of the Earth group. The largest of these minor planets is Ceres (size -1000 km.). Behind the gas giants is a second ring of asteroids separating the Solar from other star systems ( Kuiper belt) . It contains objects consisting of frozen water, ammonia, methane. The most interesting and largest - Pluto , , , , And Eris. So, in general terms, you can describe the structure of the solar system.

1. Planets of the solar system.

With the exception of Earth, all the planets in the solar system are named after ancient gods. The five planets visible to the naked eye (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and) have been observed by humans throughout human history and have been called by different names in different cultures. Today's names of these 5 planets came to us from Roman culture. The Romans named these planets based on their movement and appearance.

Mercury

Mercury, the planet closest to the Sun, began to observe as early as the 14th century BC. Different cultures, in different periods of time, gave different names to this planet. The planet was originally known as Ninuri, and later became known as Naboo. In Ancient Greece in different time the planet was named Stilbon, Hermaon and Apollo. The name by which we know the planet today came from the Romans, and is due to the fact that Mercury moves faster than other planets across the sky. Mercury is the fleet-footed Roman god of commerce.

Venus

Venus, being the brightest planet in the sky, it got its name in honor of the Roman goddess of love and beauty. For your information, this is the only planet in the solar system that was named after a female deity. Since it is the third brightest object in the earth's sky, it has been known since ancient times.

Mars

ars, the fourth planet from the Sun, named after the ancient Roman god of war. The reason for choosing such a name is obvious - the red color of the planet. However, not everyone knows that initially Mars was the god of fertility, and only later became personified with the Greek god of war Ares. Because of its proximity to the Earth, Mars is mentioned more often than other planets in ancient scrolls.

Saturn

aturn, the second largest planet in the solar system, got its name in honor of the god of agriculture, very revered among the Romans. According to legend, this god taught people to build houses, grow plants and cultivate the land. Why exactly this name was assigned to the celestial body is not clear, but, due to the active wars of the Romans, the name spread throughout Europe and Asia and became generally accepted.

Jupiter

Jupiter , like other planets, had many names in different cultures: "Mulu-babbar" in Mesopotamian culture, "Sui-Sin" in Chinese, "Star of Zeus" in Greek. The largest planet in the solar system received its final name in honor of the supreme god Jupiter, the god of sky and light.

All these Roman names were adopted in European languages and culture, and subsequently became the standards in science. The remaining three planets: Uranus, Neptune and now dwarf planet Pluto, due to its remoteness from the Earth, were discovered much later, so the names were no longer given to them by the Romans.

Uranus and Neptune

When Uranus And several names for each planet were discovered, considered and used until one became the standard. William Herschel, who discovered Uranus, wanted to name it after King George III. Other astronomers called it "Herschel" in honor of the discoverer. Astronomer Johann Bode suggested that it would be more appropriate to use the mythological name Uranus, which would fit harmoniously with the five planets named in antiquity. However, despite the suggestion, the name Uranus was not widely used until 1850.

The existence of the planet Neptune was predicted by two astronomers (John Coach Adams and Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier). When the planet was discovered using telescopes, a dispute arose over who should name the planet. Le Verrier wanted to name the planet after himself. However, the name Neptune was proposed and became the standard used by scientists.

Earth

Earth is the only planet not named after ancient Roman gods. In science, several names have stuck to our planet. The name "Earth" (Earth ), derived from "soil, soil", was first discovered in English texts at the beginning of the 15th century. Latin Earth is pronounced Terra (soil). The name Tellus is also used. Russian name came from the Proto-Slavic root ZEM - which means "bottom". Most likely, people named their planet, their place of residence, by analogy with the soil under their feet.

Who is now responsible for the names of the new planets? Since the organization in 1919 of the International astronomical union(MAS), he is responsible for the names of all celestial objects. When an astronomer discovers a new object, he can submit an application to the IAU, and the IAU will in turn confirm it or offer its name.

Chapter 2. Making a model of the solar system.

1. 1. Analysis of existing layouts and structures of the solar system and the choice of design for the model.

Every year, millions of schoolchildren study the solar system in classes and circles. And, probably, the guys have already made models and models of the solar system more than once. Before deciding on the design of my model, I decided to see what has already been done in this direction. Having studied the literature and some Internet resources, I found several types of models of the solar system made by schoolchildren.

Flat fixed model.

A circle d-50-80cm is cut out of cardboard or fiberboard. Circular orbits of eight planets are drawn on it with a compass. Circles made of cardboard or polystyrene, depicting planets, are attached to the orbits. The model can be viewed on the table, can be hung from the ceiling.

3D ceiling model.

Several wire yokes are hung on a fishing line attached to the ceiling. Along the edges of the yokes, balls - planets - are attached to the fishing line.

Three-dimensional fixed model.

The sun and planets in this model are made of Styrofoam. The planets are attached to the Sun with bamboo skewers of various lengths. There are variants of the model - the planets and the Sun are made of plasticine, papapier-mâché.

Desktop 3D model.

A stand is installed on the stand - a screw with nuts. Planets (balls from rattles) are attached to the rack with wires of different lengths.

All of these models are interesting and worthy of attention, but they also have many disadvantages. The main one is the immobility of the elements of the model. And, after all, the real system is in motion all the time - each of the planets revolves around the Sun in its own orbit and at its own speed. For example - Mercury goes around the Sun in 88 Earth days, and Uranus in 84 Earth years. Yes, and the guys studying the solar system would like to touch the model, rotate the planets around the sun.

The model made in industrial conditions seemed the most interesting to me.

I decided to take this design as a basis. However, it seemed to me that for such a size of planets. their attachment mechanism is rather cumbersome. It will divert the students' attention away from the planets themselves. For my model, I decided to take larger planets, and a lighter rotation mechanism. Of course, without the help of adults, I can not cope with this task. Therefore, my grandfather, Bakshaev A.V., became an assistant in the manufacture of the model, and the leader and scientific consultant - classroom teacher Rykovanova G.V.

1. 1. Making a model of the solar system.

2.2.1. Materials and components for the manufacture of a model of the solar system.

The following materials and components are required to make a solar system model:

Housing of an old ceiling lamp.

A set of plastic balls of different sizes depicting the planets. solar system.

Spherical ceiling lamp from a wall lamp.

A segment of a polypropylene water pipe.

A dozen thin tin tubes.

Braided copper wire, 1.5 mm thick.

Electric cord with electric plug.

Electric lamp.

Glue epoxy.

Paint (color - yellow and silver).

2.2.2. Stages of work on the model.

E
step 1. We take the base of the old ceiling lamp and, using a wrench, disconnect it from the base of the rack with lamp holders and lamp fixtures. We install the longest stand (in the factory kit) in the center of the base and get the base of the model (a stand and a stand on which the model of the Sun is attached). The base is painted silver.

Stage 2. We adjust the spherical ceiling from the wall lamp with a rasp to mount it on the rack. Paint the ball yellow.

Stage 3. On the prepared piece of polypropylene pipe, mark eight segments of 2 cm long. Centered drill holes for each piece. Then, using a pipe cutter, we cut the pipe with ready-made holes intobushings. Based on the dimensions of the available planet layouts, we determine the lengths of the rods for each planet and make them from tin tubes. We insert the end of the rod into the hole in the sleeve and fix it with epoxy glue. This operation is performed for all eight bushings. If the bushings are put on the central rack, we get a mechanism for rotating the rods.

Stage 4. We make racks for installing planet models from copper wire in PVC braid. We pass one end of the rack into the pre-drilled holes in the planet layout, and bend the other end at a right angle, insert it into the free end of the rod and fix it with epoxy glue.

Stage 5. We put the assembled rods (with bushings, racks and models of the planets) on the central rack one by one, in the order of the planets relative to the Sun.

We install the rack on the base, attach an electrical cord with a switch and an electrical plug to the wires in the rack.

We screw the lamp into the cartridge and put on the plafond-Sun. The model is ready.

1. 1. Analysis of the influence of the demonstration material (model of the solar system) on the assimilation of educational material by students.

To determine the influence of the demonstration material on the assimilation of educational material, we used the questionnaire method. The survey was conducted in 2 stages. 26 people took part in the survey, the age of the respondents was 8-9 years.

At the first stage, the survey was conducted among students after studying the educational material without using a demonstration model of the solar system. Students were asked to answer 7 questions on the topic "Planets of the Solar System":

4. Which planets are called "rocky" or planets terrestrial group?

At the second stage, the students were asked to answer the same questions, but after studying the demonstration model of the solar system.

The results of the surveys are given in Appendix 1. To compare the results of the two surveys, we have compiled summary charts, see charts 1-7.

Diagram 1

Diagram 2

Diagram 3

Comparison of the results of 2 polls

3. Which planet is excluded from the list of planets in the solar system?

Diagram 4

Comparison of the results of 2 polls

Which planets are called "rocky" or terrestrial planets?

Diagram 5

Comparison of the results of 2 polls

6. What planets are called gas giants?

Diagram 6

Comparison of the results of 2 polls

opposite from other planets?

Diagram 7

Comparison of the results of 2 polls

7. What is the asteroid belt?

As we can see from the comparative charts, see Charts 1-7, the students' learning rates using the demonstration material - the solar system model - have improved significantly. Based on this, we can conclude that the demonstrative material has a beneficial effect on both the assimilation and consolidation of the topics covered.

Conclusion.

Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn:

The demonstration material, in this case, the model of the solar system, has a positive impact on the quality of assimilation of educational material by students. This is reflected in the comparison charts.

The task of the project has been completed - a model of the solar system has been created.

The creation of the model aroused great interest of the students of the class in the subject being studied. Presentations were prepared by my classmates:

Parade of planets. – Nefyodov Semyon

Rocky planets. - Kuvandikov Shamil

Asteroids. Asteroid belt. – Shelestyuk Georgy

The students of the class worked with the model of the solar system and expanded their understanding of the planets of the solar system. The hypothesis of the project was confirmed - the demonstration material really improves the quality of the studied material.

List of used literature

Analyzing the existing models of the solar system, I chose the industrial model of the solar system, so the next step in determining the design of the model was the analysis of similar models made at home. The model presented on the site turned out to be the most approximate. , I took it as a basis. Moreover, it would not have been possible for me to cope with such a task alone, and my grandfather, Bakshaev V.A. - an engineer by profession. He approved my choice and became the leader in the practical part of my project. org – interactive map starry sky

Annex 1

The results of the survey among students

1 POLL

Appendix 2

What do I know about the solar system?

1. How many planets in the solar system?

2. Name all the planets in the solar system.

3. Which planet is excluded from the list of planets in the solar system?

4. Which planets are called "rocky" or terrestrial planets

5. What planets are called gas giants?

6. Which planet revolves around the sun in the direction

opposite from other planets?

7. What is the asteroid belt?

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Natalia Bubnova

I want to introduce you layout« Planets of the solar system» with your own hands.

So, for outer space, we need:

Frame 30*50

Cardboard 30*50

We paint over the cardboard in black (if there is a large format black cardboard, then you can use it, let it dry. Then we apply orbits with white gouache, draw stars with colored glitter or paints, you can draw constellations, meteorites, etc.

For creating planets we need:

Styrofoam balls 10 pcs. different sizes;

Cardboard for the rings of Saturn.

PVA glue for fastening planets to cardboard;

We paint the balls with gouache, after coloring we give it ready planets dry up.

Our planets and outer space dried up. Can be glued sun and planets.

Arrangement order planets from the sun next: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, you can add Earth's satellite Moon.

Model making solar system is a great way to explore space.

For children to remember the sequence solar system planets, you can use the poem by A. Hite

" 8 planets"

Everything in order planets

Call any of us:

Once - Mercury,

Two - Venus,

Three - Earth,

Four is Mars.

Five - Jupiter,

Six - Saturn,

Seven - Uranus,

Behind him is Neptune.

Related publications:

We continue to replenish our "Nature Center" with visual aids. To make the "Sea" layout, we need: - A sheet of thick cardboard.

A SPACE ROOM was created in our kindergarten. Each group presented material on space theme. The guys and I decided.

To make a layout, we need: 1. A sheet of cardboard or fiberboard. 2. Styrofoam. 3. Newspaper. 4. Napkins. 5. Colored sand. 6. Gouache or watercolor.

We take a medium-sized hoop and wrap it with insulating tape. We cover it with a cloth of the appropriate color. We make paper balls.

When studying geography with young children, it is very good to use any visual aids in the form of models, layouts. Especially when these objects under study are something inaccessible (for some, mountains, waterfalls, etc.), and in general they are something like an abstract (for example, space), because even we, adults, sometimes do not this whole Universe fits in my head, it’s so incomprehensible, brilliant .... just “Space”!)))) What can we say about children, for them, in order to assimilate such material, for a better representation of what is happening, a layout or model can help a lot, and parents it will be easier to explain some processes than in the picture (in the book and on the poster). In stores, such models are very expensive, on the Internet there are quite a few ideas for creating models of the Solar System with your own hands. But in each of them something didn’t suit me, either the mechanism itself, or the size of such a layout, or visibility.
As a result, at one point, I myself came up with what I wanted, and this pleasure cost 0 rubles. everything needed was found at home. With all this, she was able to show her creativity and took into account all her wishes. My main wishes were:
- visibility
- layout size (our apartment is not big, so the layout should have been small)
- the planets must revolve around the sun and the earth around its axis
- the name of the planets so that the baby can read it.
The only thing is that it is quite difficult to make the planets proportionate to each other, so everything here is very conditional, I think you will understand why. Otherwise, I would have to make small planets in general in the form of grains of sand ...
Here's what we got

We did it together with my dad, he helped me do some technical work.
If you want to create something similar, I will try to describe in detail how it was done and with what help.
For the base of the layout body, we need a box, or just a good strong corrugated cardboard. I used a box from SMEs (I don’t store kits in boxes, it’s not very convenient for me and takes up a lot of space, so they go into business, I hope Clever Girl won’t be offended by this)))
The base of the layout is from the inside of the MSP, into which cards are inserted as separators. If everything is disassembled, then one of the parts looks like this:


If you do not have such a box, then with the help of adhesive tape, you can glue something similar out of cardboard.
The cover allows you to adjust the angle of inclination as I like. This will be the bottom of the layout and its back - the support.
Next, we need to cut to size: a) the front wall (a disk with planets will be attached to it) b) a disk according to the diameter of the front wall (the planets and the sun will be located on it and it will rotate) c) the side walls (to close the holes on the sides ), they will be in the form of two triangles. Measure and cut out. D) the front wall - a sign with the name of the layout (this will close the hole for us (the cards were inserted into it) and we can place an inscription on it)
It looks like this


And if you collect everything, then so be it. You will understand more clearly what


In my case, all parts of the layout were made of white matte cardboard. If you suddenly don’t have this, but have only glossy and colored ones (with drawings like on boxes), then there may be a problem with painting. The paint will not fit well and the picture of the box will shine through. It will be necessary to pre-glue such a cardboard with white paper. And then paint. In the future, the paint lay perfectly on such cardboard.
Next, we throw in approximately how the planets will be located and what they will be.
To do this, I used books and the image of the planets in them.


I drew circles of future planets on paper, signed. This will come in handy for future casts of planets.


By the same principle, she drew a circle, outlined the places of the planets, orbits.


We paint. I used simple gouache in 2 layers.
I painted the front side of the layout black, everything else in Blue colour to not be too dark.


After drying, with a toothbrush and yellow paint, I made splashes of stars and comets.


After drying, I glued everything separately with adhesive tape, it is more reliable and does not get dirty. I added gold sequins, these are also stars. They are on tape.


We sculpt planets. We make salt dough. We take the planets previously drawn on pieces of paper and, in proportion to them, roll balls of salt dough, into two of them, immediately (!) Insert an aluminum wire - into the Sun and into the Earth. We fold it in half so that two tails stick out of them.


Those planets that we simply put without wire on a sheet of paper, next to the name signed for them (so as not to confuse who is who later), and those with wire, we pierce a sheet of paper with wire and put it in a cup. Day 2 I was so dry.


So that the bottom also dries well, we turn everything over, I put it in an egg box so that it does not deform and put it on the battery for another 1 day


When everything is dry. The sun and the Earth in the hole where the wire enters, we drip super-glue so that the planets do not come off them in the future.
We paint planets. I used gouache. I took MnL cards as a sample. I mixed colors to make it look like. We dry.


On a round disk, mark the center and use a compass to draw orbits. We circle each orbit with a marker (I have a marker for signing computer disks. The surface is already pasted over with adhesive tape, so everything could be smeared with a simple marker, but this one is not).


And then my husband got to work. We attach the Earth to the intended orbit. We put the wire into the hole on the round disk and fasten it from the back side so that the planet can then rotate around its axis. We connect the round disk and the square part (front) of the layout. Make a hole in the center with an awl. We insert the Sun through. It will serve as the core of the entire rotation (this entire round disk with planets will rotate around the Sun, and the Earth, the movement of fingers will also rotate around its axis). We fix everything well on the back side.


I printed in advance the inscriptions for the planets and the name of the layout. Cut out. Since the layout itself is very small, the inscriptions are small, but Stas reads them without problems and they do not clutter up the SS itself.


We glue all the other planets into their orbits using super glue. Tape labels.


After that, I made a belt of asteroids in the form of beads. I glued it on super glue (just be careful not to overdo it with glue).
Before that, I thought that it was not necessary to make the back of the layout beautiful and it was not painted. But that's not the point. It will also be visible, so I painted it too. It looks like this


Now you can assemble the structure. invisible, internal parts are fastened with double-sided tape, external, for a fortress, so that it does not fall apart, we glue it with transparent adhesive tape.
So, first we attach the front part


The inscription Solar system, close the hole.


We assemble the side, triangular parts according to the same principle.


I also forgot to mention the pen. To make it more convenient for the baby to turn the disk, I made a protruding handle. You can easily grab it with your fingers.


And yet, I forgot, I did it later, painted the rings of Saturn. Uranus and Neptune did not do them, because. where they are not drawn at all, and where they are drawn, they are very thin.
That's all! With the movement of the hand, we twist the disk, and, accordingly, all the planets around the Sun (the Sun itself does not spin, it stands still, like a rod). Tell how this happens, about the length of the year. about orbits. We can spin the Earth around its axis with our fingers and tell about the change of day and night. See the location of the planets, read their name, about asteroids, what they are and where they are. Yes, and I made 9 planets, somewhere they are already indicated 8. Which planets are in size, in color, in composition. That is, whatever you want))!
Clear, compact. Everyone is happy. The child appreciated. It helped us a lot in studying the first topic in geography - astronomy.
And now, once again, the result, from all angles.
Behind


side


front


And in proportion to Stas. The layout is very small.


And in this video, Stas names the planets on the layout))

I will be glad if you like it and find it useful. And our circle “Crazy Hands”, or “From Waste to Income” will continue its work. Then we'll do something else. Bye everyone!!!

To make it easier for the child to understand school material there are visual aids. And in order to learn to think on a “universal scale”, the universe must fit on his desk. And this is a great opportunity to show your Creative skills and together with the child to make a model of the solar system with their own hands.

The joint creativity of parents and children always has a beneficial effect on friendly and trusting relations between them. And in this case, it also has a cognitive goal that will broaden the horizons of not only the child, but also the adult. Our solar system consists of the Sun and nine planets with their satellites.

These are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto. They have different sizes, colors and at different distances from the Sun. This must be taken into account when making a model of the solar system.

In the layout, we simulate only the planets, but if you wish, you can also designate their satellites. To observe the size of the planets in relation to each other, you can focus on the photo:

Infinite universe of crafts

So how do you make a solar system mockup for kids at minimal cost? There are several ways.

The most primitive model of the solar system can be made from plasticine or salt dough, painted in the desired colors. It is suitable for the little ones.

This model will give the child an idea that all the planets revolve around the sun, about their number.

• we blind the orange sun;
• brown-orange Mercury;
• in the same color we sculpt Venus;
• blue and green will be the Earth;
• black and red Mars;
• Jupiter will be brown;
• Saturn is blind with rings;
• Uranus will be of blue + gray mass;
• We sculpt Neptune from blue;
• gray Pluto.

We string all the "planets" on wooden skewers and attach them to the "Sun". For greater clarity, skewers can be made in different lengths. Ready.

A model of plasticine can be made on a plane:

As a gift for a small schoolchild, you can make a model of the solar system from papier-mâché.

Papier-mache (translated from French - “chewed paper”) is a plastic mass made on the basis of paper, with the addition of binders and adhesives (starch, gypsum, glue).

The paper layout is the simplest and most affordable in execution. A detailed master class with a photo will help in its manufacture.

Materials for work:

• newspaper;
• gray toilet paper;
• stationery glue;
• plywood sheet;
• colored gouache paints;
• quick-drying blue paint;
• some silver beads.

We make a lump of newspaper soaked in water.

We wrap it with toilet paper and roll this lump into a bun. Lubricate the paper ball with glue, evenly distributing it over the surface.

Leave the balls to dry at room temperature or on a battery.

While the parts are drying, we will prepare the basis of the layout: we cut out a circle of the required size from plywood, taking into account the size of the prepared planets. Paint it blue.

We make scatterings of stars from silver-colored beads, evenly distributing it on a circle, according to the picture of the starry sky.

We paint the dried koloboks, imitating the color of the planets.

We will make the rings of Saturn from silver paper.

Be sure to accurately position the planets in relation to the Sun.

We screw the screws from the bottom of the plywood, according to the location of the planets.

We wind our “planets” on top of them.

Our model of the solar system is ready.

During the manufacturing process, you can tell your child about the structure of the solar system, about the planets and about everything that will be interesting to him. And such a gift will acquire special meaning for him.

A wonderful idea to create a model of the solar system as an element of the interior of a children's room.

To begin with, we make out part of the ceiling as a starry sky.

We make planets from papier-mâché as described above.

We paint them with acrylic paints. It is more effective to use glossy ones.

We pay a little more attention to the sun. We color and make rays from a strip of faux fur.

We fasten the fishing line to the “planets” and fasten it with paper clips or a stapler to the ceiling, observing the order in which they are located from the “Sun”.

Simple memos

Sometimes it is difficult for children to remember the names of objects that they do not often see in ordinary life. To make it easier for them to memorize, adults come up with special rhymes in which the first letter of the word matches the first letter of the name of the subject to be remembered. Such rhymes are called mnemonic.

Probably, many in childhood learned the names and order of the colors of the rainbow according to the phrase "Every Hunter Wants to Know Where the Pheasant Sits."

To memorize the names and order of the planets of the solar system, children's poems and funny phrases. You can learn with a child a poem by Arkady Khait:

• In order, all the planets will be called by any of us: one - Mercury, two - Venus, three - Earth,

Four is Mars, five is Jupiter, six is ​​Saturn, seven is Uranus, followed by Neptune.

Another well-known funny mnemonic phrase for older students:

• We All Know - Yulia's Mom Sat On Pills In The Morning.

Or another verse:

• An astrologer lived on the moon

He kept records of the planets.

Mercury - one, Venus - two-s, Three - Earth, Four - Mars, Five - Jupiter,

Six is ​​Saturn, Seven is Uranus, Eight is Neptune.

During the making of the layout, the child will be happy to learn the names of the planets with the help of funny poems.

More options for layouts can be seen in the photo:

As you can see, making such crafts is not at all difficult. It is enough to be able to make balls from different materials and be able to imagine. And all participants in this cognitive process will benefit and enjoy.

Video on the topic of the article

An unusual and very useful educational material is a model of a reduced and original solar system, which is easy to do with your own hands. Such crafts will not only allow the child to learn the names of the planets, but also teach them how to correctly navigate in size and distance. Let's try to make two layout options for children: from newsprint and from plasticine with beads.

How to make a realistic model of the solar system with your own hands step by step

To make a reliable model for our solar system, you need to know the approximate sizes of the planets, their distance from the Sun and colors.

• Sun - yellow, diameter 1391400 km;
• Mercury - gray, diameter 4880 km, distance from the Sun 58 million km;
• Venus - pale yellow with white stains, diameter 12140 km, distance from the Sun 108 million km;
• Earth - blue with green patches, diameter 12756 km, distance from the Sun 150 million km;
• Mars - red-orange, diameter 6787 km, distance from the Sun 228 million km;
• Jupiter - light orange with white patches, diameter 142,800 km, distance from the Sun 778 million km;
• Saturn - light yellow, diameter 120660 km, distance from the Sun 1.4 billion km;
• Uranus - pale blue, diameter 51118 km, distance from the Sun 2.9 billion km;
• Neptune - bright blue, diameter 49528 km, distance from the Sun 4.5 billion km;
• Pluto - light brown, diameter 2300 km, distance from the Sun 5.9 billion km.

The paper model of the solar system looks very solid and can decorate the interior of both a child's room and a classroom. This is a great gift for a teacher.

• old newspapers or poor quality thin paper;
• toilet paper or paper towels;
• PVA glue or any other stationery glue;
• the base of the layout is a round piece of plywood or thick cardboard;
• acrylic paint on wood;
• gouache for coloring planets;
• long screws;
• brushes of different thicknesses.

We take a piece of newsprint, carefully crumple it and crumple it into a ball. Wetting abundantly with water, we give the newspaper blank the most rounded shape. Then we wrap it with 2-3 layers of toilet paper or napkins, moisten it again and form a ball. No need to strive to get the smoothest possible surface, small cracks and dents look more natural, forming the relief of the planet's surface.

Using a brush, apply a little glue to the resulting ball and leave it to dry in the air. Similarly, we make blanks for other planets, trying to at least approximately observe their proportions.

While the balls are drying, we are preparing a mock-up of the starry sky. To do this, lightly sand a piece of plywood and paint it with 1-2 layers of dark blue acrylic paint. After drying, we randomly apply stars, comets and constellations to the surface of the layout with thick white paint, as shown in the photo below.

We paint paper balls in accordance with the above data. For Saturn we make a ring out of cardboard.

After the paint has dried, the planets can be mounted on the base. To do this, in the places where the planets are attached, we screw long self-tapping screws into the plywood disk from the bottom up (with the sharp part outward). Then carefully begin to wind the balls on the screws.

The order of the planets from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. On the layout it will look like this:

If desired, the planets can be signed, satellites and asteroids can be added.

We disassemble the second version of the space layout from beads and plasticine

Another version of the layout is an easier-to-make compact 3d model made of beads and plasticine.

• plasticine of any color;
• beads of different colors in accordance with the colors of the planets;
• bamboo skewers;
• adhesive tape;
• White paper;
• cardboard;
• tailor pins.

1. We sculpt balls from plasticine, observing the approximate proportions of the planets. For the Sun, it is enough to make a hemisphere.
2. We “color” the planets with beads. To do this, scatter beads of the desired color on a piece of paper and roll a plasticine ball over it so that the beads are pressed into it. We make all the balls in this way.
3. We cut the bamboo skewers into pieces of the required length plus 1.0 cm on each side for fastening:

• 6.3 cm for Mercury;
• 10.2 cm for Venus;
• 12.7 cm for Earth;
• 15.2 cm for Mars;
• 17.8 cm for Jupiter;
• 20.3 cm for Saturn;
• 25.0 cm for Uranus;
• 29.2 cm for Neptune;
• 25.5 cm for Pluto.

Color the skewers black or brown as desired.

We fix the Sun on a piece of cardboard, previously painted in dark blue.

We string planet balls on skewers and fasten them to the Sun.

Using paper and adhesive tape, we make small strips and sign the names of the planets, you can print them on a printer. We fix the resulting miniature tablets on pins and stick them into the corresponding planets.

The model of beads and plasticine is ready!

Video on the topic of the article

In the video tutorials below, you will learn how to make other layout options.