Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a new trend in the history of Russian literature. He was the first to introduce the theme of the common people and filled the rhymes with colloquial turns. The life of commoners appeared, so a new style was born. Nikolai Alekseevich became a pioneer in the combination of lyrics and satire. He dared to change its very content. "Peasant Children" by Nekrasov were written in 1861 in Greshnevo. The barn in which the narrator slept was most likely located in Shod, under the house of Gavriil Zakharov (children recognize him in the work). At the time of writing, the poet wore a beard, which was rare for nobles, so the children questioned his origin.
Rich image of peasant children
The future writer was born into a simple, poor, but respected family. As a child, he often played with his peers. The guys did not perceive him as a superior and master. Nekrasov never gave up a simple life. He was interested in discovering new worlds. Therefore, probably, he was one of the first to introduce the image common man into high poetry. It was Nekrasov who noticed the beauty in rural images. Other writers later followed suit.
A movement of followers was formed who wrote like Nekrasov. "Peasant children" (an analysis of which can be carried out based on the historical period in which the poem was written) stands out noticeably from the entire work of the poet. In other works there is more grief. And these children are full of happiness, although the author does not have high hopes for their bright future. Babies do not have time to get sick and think about the unnecessary. Their life is full of colors of nature in which they were lucky to live. They are hardworking and simply wise. Every day is an adventure. At the same time, children bit by bit absorb science from their elders. They are interested in legends and stories, they do not even shy away from the work of the carpenter, which is mentioned in the poem.
Despite all the problems, they are happy in their corner of paradise. The author says that such guys have nothing to pity and hate, they need to be envied, because the children of the rich do not have such color and freedom.
Introduction to the poem through the plot
Nekrasov's poem "Peasant Children" begins with a description of the previous few days. The narrator was hunting and, tired, wandered into the barn, where he fell asleep. He was awakened by the sun that was breaking through the cracks. He heard the voices of birds and recognized the doves and rooks. I recognized the crow by the shadow. Eyes of different colors looked at him through the crack, in which there was peace, affection and kindness. He realized that these were the views of children.
The poet is sure that only children can have such eyes. They quietly commented among themselves on what they had seen. One looked at the beard and long legs of the narrator, the other at the big dog. When the man, probably Nekrasov himself, opened his eyes, the children rushed away like sparrows. As soon as the poet lowered his eyelids, they reappeared. Further, they concluded that he was not a gentleman, because he was not lying on the stove and was driving from a swamp.
Author's reflections
Further, Nekrasov breaks away from the storyline and indulges in reflection. He confesses his love for children and says that even those who perceive them as "a low kind of people" still once envied them. There is more poetry in the life of the poor, says Nekrasov. Peasant children made mushroom raids with him, put snakes on the railing of the bridge and waited for the reaction of passers-by.
People rested under the old elms, the children surrounded them and listened to stories. So they learned the legend about Valil. Having always lived as a rich man, he somehow angered God. And since then he had no harvest, no honey, only grew well. Another time, a working man laid out tools and showed interested children how to saw and cut. The exhausted man fell asleep, and the guys let's saw and plan. Then it was impossible to remove the dust for a day. If we talk about the stories that the poem "Peasant Children" describes, Nekrasov, as it were, conveys his own impressions and memories.
Everyday life of peasant children
Further, the writer leads the reader to the river. There is a vibrant life there. Who bathes, who shares stories. Some boy catches leeches "on the lava, where the uterus beats the linen", the other looks after his younger sister. One girl is making a wreath. Another attracts a horse and rides on it. Life is full of joy.
Vanya's father called him to work, and the guy is happy to help him in the field with bread. When the crop is harvested, he is the first to taste the new bread. And then he sits astride a cart with straw and feels like a king. The other side of the coin is that children do not have the right to choose their future, and Nekrasov is concerned about this. Peasant children do not study and grow up happily, although they have to work.
The brightest character in the poem
The following part of the poem is often erroneously considered a separate work.
The narrator "in the cold winter time" sees a cart with brushwood, the horse leads little man. He is wearing a large hat and huge boots. It turned out to be a child. The author greeted, to which the boy replied that he should pass. Nekrasov asks what he is doing here, the child replies that he is carrying firewood that his father is chopping. The boy helps him, because there are only two men in their family, his father and him. Therefore, it all looks like a theater, but the boy is real.
Such a Russian spirit in the poem that Nekrasov wrote. "Peasant children", an analysis of their way of life, shows the whole situation in Russia at that time. The writer calls to grow in freedom, because later it will help to love your labor bread.
Completion of the storyline
Further, the author breaks away from the memories and continues the plot with which he began the poem. The children grew bolder, and he called out to a dog named Fingal that thieves were coming. You need to hide your belongings, said Nekrasov to the dog. The peasant children were delighted with Fingal's skills. A dog with a serious muzzle hid everything in the hay. She especially tried on the game, then lay down at the feet of the owner and growled. Then the children themselves began to give commands to the dog.
The narrator enjoyed the picture. It became dark, a thunderstorm approached. Thunder boomed. The rain fell. The spectators ran. Barefoot children raced towards the houses. Nekrasov stayed in the barn and waited out the rain, and then went with Fingal to look for great snipes.
The image of nature in a poem
It is impossible not to sing the richness and beauty of Russian nature. Therefore, along with the theme of love for children, Nekrasov's work "Peasant Children" glorifies the charms of life behind the gray walls of the city.
From the very first lines, the author is drowning in the cooing of pigeons and the chirping of birds. Then compares the color of children's eyes with the colors in the field. The image of the earth haunts the poet in the forest when he is gathering mushrooms. From the forest it leads the reader to the river, where the children bathe, because of which the water seems to laugh and howl. Their life is inseparable from nature. Children weave wreaths of pale yellow flowers, their lips black with blueberries that set them on edge, they meet a wolf, they feed a hedgehog.
The role of bread in the poem is important. Through the look of one of the boys, the narrator conveys the sacredness of growing grain. He describes the whole process from throwing a seed into the ground to baking bread in a mill. Nekrasov's poem "Peasant Children" calls to love the field forever, which gives strength and labor bread.
The presence of nature adds to the melodiousness of the poem.
The hard life of Nekrasov children
The fate of peasant children is tightly tied to work on the ground. The author himself says that they learn the works early. So, Nikolai Alekseevich cites as an example a little boy who matured early. A six-year-old fellow works in the forest with his father and does not even think about complaining about his life.
Respect for work is instilled from childhood. Watching their parents respect the field, children imitate them.
Coverage of the educational issue
In addition, the problem of education arises in the poem, which Nekrasov raises. Peasant children are deprived of the opportunity to study. They don't know books. And the narrator is worried about their future, because he knows that only God knows whether the child will grow up or die.
But next to endless work, children do not lose their thirst for life. They have not forgotten how to enjoy the little things that come across their way. Their everyday life is full of bright, warm emotions.
The poem is an ode to ordinary children. After its publication in 1861, the whole rich world learned that peasant children are wonderful. Nekrasov exalted the simplicity of being. He showed that in all corners of the country there are people who, despite their low social status, are distinguished by humanity, decency and other benefactors, who have already begun to be forgotten in major cities. The product was a sensation. And its relevance remains acute to this day.
N. A. Nekrasov. "Peasant Children". Analysis of the poem
Workshop Lesson
I. Checking homework
After the articulatory warm-up, we listen to an expressive recitation by heart of an excerpt from the poem "Frost, Red Nose".
Card 2
“Sinful lay by no means“ in an unknown wilderness ”. Here Nekrasov, the people's poet, was very lucky.<...>From the very beginning, Nekrasov found himself on such a high road, but for the time being he did not go, but, so to speak, sat on it, while Rus' rode and - even more - walked in front of him.
“Kostroma postal road (meadow), - it was described in the middle of the last century (XIX century - Red.) military statistics General Staff, - goes from Yaroslavl along the left bank of the river. Volga in flat and low places and near the village. Borok (Danilovsky district) is part of Kostroma province. In total, from Yaroslavl to the border of the province, this path is considered to be 45 versts, within the province there is one postal station Timokhinskaya, 27 versts from Yaroslavl, on which 20 horses are kept, and the payment per verst is 1, 1/2 silver kopecks. For the passage of troops and burdens, this road is very convenient.<...>
So the high road really entered widely into all life, into the very life of these places.
“The village of Greshnevo,” the poet himself recalled, “stands on the (traktovaya) grassroots Yaroslavl-Kostroma road ... the manor house overlooks the very road, and everything that walked and rode along it was known, starting with postal troikas and ending with prisoners, shackled in chains, accompanied by escorts, was the constant food of our childish curiosity. “Everything that walked and rode and was driven along it” - and these are days, months and whole years.
Initial acquaintance with the text of the poem
The poem "Peasant Children" is read to the children by the teacher. It is heterogeneous in content and sound, and correctly chosen intonations will help children adequately understand its meaning. It takes about 12 minutes to read the poem aloud.After a short pause, invite the children to express their first impressions. It does not have to be an answer to questions about what you liked and what you didn't like. It is important to encourage children to comprehend their own impression of what they read: what they understood, what they did not understand; what made you smile, what made you think; what words can characterize the intonations of the poem (confiding, enthusiastic, solemn ...); what interesting things did the children notice in the poem. If children are accustomed to such thinking, then after the first reading they make many subtle observations on the composition, plot, position of the author, which is very conducive to qualitative analysis text.
One of the first observations will be the discovery that, it turns out, “A little man with a marigold” (“Once in a cold winter season ...”) is not a separate poem, but component"Peasant Children". And this remark can become the key to the analysis.
III. Analysis of the poem "Peasant Children"
Heuristic conversation
Let's start the analysis of the poem with the composition: finding out its features will help to understand the content.- We have already noticed that “Once in a cold winter time ...” is an integral part of N. A. Nekrasov’s large poem “Peasant Children”. This means that the poem itself is heterogeneous: it has constituent parts. Scroll through the textbook and think about what parts it consists of.
If the children are at a loss, we will help them with questions.
- How does the poem begin?
The narrator tells of an incident that happened to him while hunting.
- What is the story about this case?
“... So next to Gavrila ... -“ Hear, be silent!
- This means that from the words after the line: “Oh, dear rogues! Who often saw them ... ”- there is a completely different part, a different topic. But is this the end of the story about the incident on the hunt?
Children will look through the text and find that at the end of the poem, after the horizontal line, the author returns to this case again with the words: “Now it’s time for us to return to the beginning.”
So, the narrator says that he dozed off in the barn, then woke up and saw that he was being watched by peasant children. At first they were afraid, but gradually grew bolder. What did the narrator do? How did he cheer up the kids?
The beginning of the poem does not say that the dog's name is Fingal, so children may not immediately realize that the narrator has begun to command his dog to "throw things out." The trained dog began to follow the commands of the owner, and the barn immediately turned into a circus arena:
- How did the unexpected performance end? Read.
- So, we saw that the beginning and end of the poem tell us about the meeting of a hunter with peasant children. In what situation is such a story possible? What are the narrator's intonations? To whom can it be addressed, who are the listeners of this story?
It is important that the children imagine the relaxed atmosphere of an evening friendly conversation in a landowner's house, when his friends gather at the owner's house and tell each other various incidents that happened to them. We are immersed in such an atmosphere by the confidential intonations and kind humor of the narrator: this is how they talk with old acquaintances, with whom they laughed and joked together before. What is it for? To understand the position in which they are in relation to each other narrator and listeners. The poem is complicated, in particular, by the fact that this position changes several times throughout the text.
On the board and in notebooks, you can draw the following table. First, fill in the first line in it, then we will fill it in during the analysis.
Part |
Narrator |
Listeners |
|
Hunter |
Friends, guests |
||
An appeal to readers, memories of childhood, a discussion about the life of peasant children and a story about a meeting with the boy Vlas |
Journalist, publicist |
Reader from the nobility, from society educated people |
|
Appeal to peasant children |
A citizen who thinks about the future of the people |
peasant children |
|
4(1) |
Meeting of a hunter with peasant children |
Hunter |
Friends, guests |
— The story of meeting children is like a beautiful frame of a big picture. What else do you think the structure of this poem can be compared to?
Children can assume that the poem is like a nesting doll, in which the story of the hunter and children is the largest, the first nesting doll, and others are hidden in it. Or compare the poem with a house where the beginning and end are the walls, and inside there are rooms in which something important is located. If this is a house, then it must have a roof (this is an important detail in our comparison). The teacher can continue with one of these comparisons by drawing the desired image on the board. We will focus on the image of the house.
- We have the walls of the house - the beginning and the end. Let's see what's inside this house.
Student messages
We will ask the children who completed individual homework to speak. Their messages will give students an impetus to further understanding the content of the poem. The difficulty for students often lies in the fact that they think that this is an adult author who went with peasant children for mushrooms and looked at passers-by on the high road. Messages preceding the commented reading of the second part will help the teacher direct the thoughts of the students in the right direction.
Commented reading
1. Children read the text: — Why does the author call peasant children cute rogues?
The author calls children this way because they are cunning, cheating, but their cheating is naive, there is no malicious intent in it.
- "Oh, dear rogues!" — with these words the author addresses children or is it a rhetorical exclamation?
— In the first passage, the hunter tells the story of meeting the children to his friends. Does the character of the narrator change? Who is he referring to in this passage?
The first thing children notice is that the addressee changes. It is named in the text: reader, moreover, the reader is predominantly from the nobility - the author suggests that he may treat peasant children as people of a "low class".
The image of the narrator also becomes completely different: before us is a journalist, addressing the public with journalistic pathos, expressing an opinion that in those years contradicted the tradition established in society: “... I still have to confess openly, / That I often envy them .. ."
Why does the narrator envy the peasant children? What does the phrase “There is so much poetry in their life merged ...” mean?
Who is the author referring to? spoiled children?
- How do you understand the lines: “Happy people! Neither science, nor bliss / They do not know in childhood "?
2.
We read the following passage from the words: "I made mushroom raids with them ..." - to the words: "We must have been waiting for the feats of glory."
- Who "did mushroom raids with them"?
Narrator when he was a boy. The stories told about Nekrasov's childhood help us to make this conclusion.
- What means mushroom raids! Why does the author use the word did! What is its semantic connotation?
What situation is the author talking about in the first four lines of this passage?
The narrator compares himself with the children: he, a noble son, could not be compared in ingenuity and observation with the children of the peasants (they easily found the mushroom places seen earlier the next day, but the narrator could not find it).
— Savosya- short name. How will this name sound in full?
Sevastyan.
Why did the children put snakes on the railing of the bridge?
In Russian folk tales, heroes fight with the Serpent Gorynych. Maybe the children killed the snakes under the influence of fairy tales, wishing for exploits and glory.
3.
The third passage from the words: “We had a long road ...” - to the words: “What a new passer-by, then a new story ...”
How do you understand the meaning of words Vologda dweller, tinker, tailor, wool beater!
Vologda- a resident of the city of Vologda.
Tinker- a worker who tins (repairs) dishes.
Tailor- tailor.
Sherstobit- a worker who processes wool so that it becomes soft.
— When the author writes about who was walking or driving along the road, the length of the line becomes shorter. Then, when they talk about rest, the lines lengthen again. Why do you think?
Why were peasant children so interested in the stories of passers-by?
This question may seem redundant, but the answer to it must necessarily sound: many modern children it is hard to imagine that once there was no television, no radio, no computers, and one could learn about the world and life from newspapers and magazines, from books, and for an illiterate person - only from the stories of travelers, wanderers.
- How do you understand such lines: "Another will play up, so just hold on - / He will start with Volochok, he will reach Kazan!"
If a person “takes a walk” (drinks wine, but does not get drunk!), Then in courage he talks about everything he saw, about the peoples inhabiting the cities and villages of Russia: “he will start with Volochok” (with the inhabitants of Vyshny Volochok, Tver province), then with jokes he will tell about all the peoples of the Volga region from Vyshny Volochok to Kazan.
What was the significance of the road passing through the village for peasant children?
4.
The next passage from the words: "Wow, it's hot! .. Until noon they picked mushrooms" - to the words: "... Be afraid of your humble horse?"
We see that the author takes us back to one of the summer days, when he and the peasant children were picking mushrooms. The story about the road turns out to be a small nesting doll enclosed in a large nesting doll of the story about "mushroom raids".
How did the mushroom hunt end?
What do the children do when they return home?
5.
From the words "The mushroom season did not have time to depart ..." to the words "The living are dragged to the village with triumph ...".
- Explain the meaning of the words and expressions: “everyone has black lips, / Stuffed the eye: the blueberries are ripe!”, “Will the black grouse take off, / Cackling to the chicks.”
Count the number of sentences in this passage. Determine the type of these sentences by intonation.
Of the six sentences, four are exclamatory.
What mood does the poet convey to us with the help of this passage?
6.
From the words: “Enough, Vanyusha! you walked a lot ... "to the words:" Vanyusha enters the village as a king ... ".
Use this passage to tell what needs to be done to grow bread.
- Explain the meaning of the words sickle, sheaf, riga, flail, wind senza.
Riga- a barn for drying sheaves and threshing.
wind hay- spread hay. Dried hay is applied, wound high on the cart, the child climbs to the very top and "enters the village as a king."
- Why does work turn to Vanyusha at first with its “smart side”?
By the “dressy side of labor,” the author means the joy of beautiful and friendly physical work, of cultivating the land, which brings a rich harvest. When a child sees that the work in which he took part brings visible results, that the person who performed this work is honored and respected, he also wants to take part in the work, and such work is not a burden, not a punishment, but a joy. .
7.
We read the following passage, in which the publicist’s voice sounds again, from the words: “However, envy in a noble child ...” - to the words: “But he is familiar with the works ...”
- How do you understand the expression "in a noble child"? With what intonation should this expression be pronounced: seriously, lovingly or ironically?
- The author wants to say that, after reading the description of a peasant childhood, a noble child can envy the peasants. What does the author do so that the reader imagines not only the “dressy side” of the life of peasant children?
How do you understand the expression "two sides of the same coin"? How does the author use this expression?
- Find synonyms for the words put, bend, prancing.
- Put logical stresses in the lines: "... But he will grow, if God pleases, / And nothing prevents him from bending."
8.
From the words: “Once upon a cold winter time ...” to the words: “... In which there is so much love!”.
- You know the description of the meeting between the narrator and the boy Vlas from the lessons literary reading in primary school. What is new in this passage for you?
- Why does the narrator at first think that “as if it was all cardboard” that he ended up in a children's theater?
Why is the narrator convinced that “everything was real Russian”?
- How do you understand the expressions “the cold fire of the winter sun”, “what is so painfully sweet to the Russian soul”? What literary device is used in these expressions?
If the children do not yet know the term antithesis, you can use a word they understand opposition.
Find the contrast in the last two lines of this passage:
Oh, bitterly, bitterly I sobbed,
When I stood that morning
On the bank of the native river,
And called her for the first time
A river of slavery and longing!..<...>
The harsh environment is strong,
Where are the generations of people
Live and die without a trace
And without a lesson for children!
Your father groaned for forty years,
Wandering these shores
And before death did not know
What to command sons.
And, like him, it didn’t happen
You will come across a question:
The worse would be your fate,
When would you be less patient?
(Fill in the table - p. 140 of this manual.)
N. H. Skatov writes:
“In 1861, Peasant Children were written.<...>
In "Peasant Children" - children's tears and laughter, joy and fight, play and work. It was precisely in the summer of 1861 that the fateful riddle of many years was solved with Peasant Children, with Funeral, with Peddlers—above all, with Peddlers—the question that had become the main one was solved with a groan:
Having created, in fact, in collaboration with the people "Korobeinikov", the poet removed this question that had literally tormented him until now. It turned out that the people had not yet done everything they could, and created not only songs similar to a groan, and did not rest spiritually at all. Accordingly, the entire coordinate system changed and the reference points were rearranged.<...>
A great inner poetic freedom came, a creative lightness rare in Nekrasov. Here is the beginning of Peasant Children:
It would seem that only unpretentious “verses” about “peasant children” grow into a poem about Russian life: after all, in fact, here there is an understanding of the vitality of the main core of national life.
By the way, the very work on the "adult" poem "Peddlers" followed that same summer, immediately after this "children's" poem. The verses themselves in this children's poem are drawn together, collected and finally concentrated literally in an image-symbol, which became almost immediately a textbook "A man with a fingernail".<...>
Perhaps, at first glance, such a statement in relation to the Nekrasov we have become familiar with will seem unusual, but in fact he is one of the greatest and most genuine masters and lovers of contrast in our literature. Behind this and literary experience romance, and theatrical practice of the playwright, and - most importantly - the features of his own deeply Russian national character with his extremes and ability, in turn, to grasp and present national life in such extremes - contradictions and opposites, often polar ones. That is why, it would seem, just an unpretentious sketch of Nekrasov’s village childhood, in essence, there is a complex, literally in everything, interaction of contrasting principles: “in big mittens, and himself ... with a fingernail”; "Men", but... "the child was so hilariously small"; "baby", but - "bass". Summer: "And the sun scorches them with midday heat." And almost immediately winter: "And winter sun cold Fire (!)".<...>
The continuous changes of images themselves and their contrasting opposition provide mutual reinforcement. Picture props, children's theater (originally the whole poem was called "Children's Comedy"), but - life.
Yes, not just in its worldly authenticity, but in deep authenticity.
After all, already in this phrase alone, which looks like a smile-inducing just an everyday answer, such a natural vitality, such an initial readiness for work, such a primordial sense of responsibility that followed this - for the first time in Nekrasov - converged and appeared such a degree of generalization and such the conclusion from the smallest to the largest (again - what a contrast) looks like a natural and necessary formula of the law:
9.
We read and comment on the last passage from the words: “Play, children! Grow at will!” - to the words: “He leads you into the bowels of the native land! ..”
Who is the poet addressing in these lines? How does the character of the narrator change? Who do we see in front of us: a hunter in the living room, a journalist or someone else?
(Fill in the table - With. 140 benefits.)
- How do you understand the expressions: red childhood, a meager field, labor bread, the charm of childhood poetry?
- What do you think, what centuries-old legacy does the poet call for keeping?
century legacy- these are the best traditions of the Russian people: love for the motherland, for the native land, admiring its beauty, the joy of life, the joy of working and growing bread.
- We read the text of the poem, which is located inside our house, that is, between the beginning and the end, which tells about the meeting of a hunter with peasant children. We have seen that this text consists of several parts. How many major parts are in this text? What is the basis for its construction?
The previous work will help the children see the two big parts (one could say "rooms" to continue the house metaphor): the light, "dressy" side of life and the difficult, hard side.
The bright side: 1-6 passages.
Difficult side: 7-8 passages.
The 9th passage, the climactic address to the children, can be compared in this context to the roof that crowns our house.
Homework
In very distant times, when people could neither read nor write, they kept the experience of their people, its history and giving, not on a bookshelf, but in their
memory. Those who told legends enjoyed special honor and respect, were welcome guests at feasts. What were they called?
Please help title parts of Nekrasov's poem "Peasant Children" And please help answer these questions about the poem: 1) Findand read the lines that talk about how children perceive the author. What surprises them in him? Why? 2) Is it possible to say that N.A. Nekrasov depicts the childhood of peasant children only joyful and cloudless?
Write an essay on the exam Zoya Leshcheva managed to surpass her whole family. This is how it was. Her father, mother, grandparents and older teenage brothers -all were scattered to distant camps for their faith in God. And Zoe was only ten years old. They took her to Orphanage(Ivanovo region). There she announced that she would never take off the cross from her neck, which her mother put on her when parting. And she tied the thread in a knot tighter so that it would not be removed during sleep. The struggle went on for a long time, Zoya became embittered: you can strangle me, take off the dead! While she was not amenable to education, she was sent to an orphanage for the handicapped! The struggle for the cross continued. Zoya resisted: even here she did not learn to steal or swear. “For such a holy woman as my mother, the daughter cannot be a criminal. I’d rather be political, like the whole family.” And she became political! The more educators and radio glorified Stalin, the more she guessed in him the culprit of all misfortunes. And, having not succumbed to the criminals, she now dragged them along with her! In the courtyard stood a standard plaster statue of Stalin. It began to appear mocking and indecent inscriptions. (Youngsters love sports! It is only important to direct them correctly.) The administration paints the statue, installs surveillance, and informs the MGB. And the inscriptions keep appearing, and the guys are laughing. Finally, one morning, the head of the statue was found broken off, upside down, and in its emptiness - feces. Terrorist act! The gobists have arrived. According to all their rules, interrogations and threats began: “Give out a gang of terrorists, otherwise we will shoot everyone for terror!” (And it’s nothing wonderful, just think, to shoot one and a half hundred children. If he had known, he would have ordered it himself.) It is not known whether the youngsters would have resisted or faltered, but Zoya Leshcheva announced: - I did it all alone! What else is papa's head good for? And she was judged. And they were sentenced to the highest measure, without any laughter. But because of the inadmissible humanity of the law on the return death penalty it was not supposed to shoot a 14-year-old. And so they gave her a ten (surprisingly, not twenty-five). Until the age of eighteen, she was in ordinary camps, from eighteen - in special ones. For frankness and language, she had a second camp term, and, it seems, a third. Both Zoya's parents and brothers have already been released, but Zoya still sat. Long live our tolerance! Long live the children - the masters of communism! Respond, that country that would love its children as much as we love ours!
Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"1) How many children does the boar have? name them
2) who is feklusha
3) what poets did Kuligin read
4) how Kabanov advises Katerina to treat the instructions of the boar
5) what education did Boris and his sister have
6) where Katerina made an appointment with Boris
7) how many days Tikhon was not in the house
8) how Varvara advises Katerina to buy
1) Chin Oblomov?
2) How many years has he been living in Petersburg?
3) at what age does Obolmov see himself in a dream
4) Who dreamed of seeing Oblomov's parents
5) With whom does Oblomov compare his bathrobe
6) What was lying for Oblomov
7) Into what two halves is life divided in the eyes of Ilya Ilyich
8) Instead of which city in which did Oblomov send some paper to serve?
9) What did Oblomov answer to Stolz's exclamation:<Да ты поэт,Илья>
10) What word did Ilya Ilyich write and then erase on a dusty table?
11) What epithet did he use when he heard this word for the first time?
12) Oblomov found a letter from Stolz at home ... What significant words it began and ended with.
13) Our name is legion. Whose words are these?
14) What was dominant and basic in the expression of not only the face, but the whole soul of Oblomov?
15) What is Oblomov's complexion?
16) How long does the first part of the novel last?
17) What is this number?
Answers to school textbooks
2. What did the children “marvel at” and what “verdict did they pronounce”? Why did they decide that the stranger was "not a gentleman"?
Children talk about the hero, examine him, try to determine his social affiliation: he is a gentleman, in other words, a landowner, a nobleman, or a commoner. They turn their attention to a beard (kids believe that “a bar does not have a beard - a mustache”), to an expensive watch, to a thoroughbred dog, to a double-barreled gun, they are surprised at everything.
What happened to me - they marveled at everything And pronounced my sentence:
- Such a goose, what a hunt!
I would lie on the stove!
And you can see not a gentleman: how he was driving from a swamp,
So next to Gabriela ...
Toddlers believe that people hunt to get game and eat it. They see that a man who has fallen asleep in a barn is rich enough to hunt for food, and can rest quietly, according to the children, lying on the stove. They saw that the guest was driving from the hunt next to Gavrila, in other words, with one of the farmers of their village, and the "bar", in their opinion, will never speak amicably and freely with the peasants. Because the guest is "not a gentleman."
3. What does the poet tell about mushroom raids with children? What feats did they accomplish and from whom did they expect glory? Does the poet write about this seriously or ironically? Who on vacation pleased them with stories?
It must be said that Nekrasov, unlike many nobles of that time, never considered farmers to be people of low birth, freely communicated with them and even made friends, respecting their natural resourcefulness, intelligence and human soul. As a child, he lived on the Volga, on his father's estate, and played a lot with peasant children. Further, the author recalls how, as a child, he walked with the children for mushrooms.
The creator writes that during the "mushroom raids" he tried to notice the "mushroom place", and after that he could not find it. Peasant children simply later found such places according to signs that were understandable to them alone. The children could also play a trick on the simpleton: so they joked, calling the snake a ringlet. On another trip to the forest, the children “killed enough” snakes and put them on the railing of the bridge, along which a large road passed through the village. They thought, perhaps under the influence of Russian folk tales, where the heroes fight with the Serpent Gorynych, that people passing through it, taken aback by the exploits of the children living here, will move their brains: “Who caught so many snakes?”
Ancient sprawling elms grew in the village, and on a hot summer day, many people passing along the road stopped here to rest in the chill, mostly artisans and workers. The kids surrounded them, and the workers told attentive listeners about what they had seen in life: "about Kyiv, about the Turk, about wonderful animals." The road was a specific school of life for children.
4. What is the “dressy side of work” and how did the parents of children get involved in work?
Under the "smart side of labor" the creator implies satisfaction from beautiful and friendly physical work, from cultivating the land, which brings a secure harvest. When a child sees that the work in which he participated brings visible results, that the person who performed this work is honored and revered, he is also willing to participate in work, and such work is not a burden, not a punishment, but satisfaction.
6. Before the mind's eye of the reader, many pictures pass in this poem. Which of them stand out to you the most and why?
Before mind's eye the reader who gets acquainted with this poem goes through many pictures.
1) The hunter is resting in the hay barn, and the children peep at him through the crack and talk together, discussing the hunter.
2) The creator recalls how he was small, recalls the campaigns of peasant children for mushrooms and their joke with a snake.
3) Peasant children on the high road listen to the stories of passers-by, examine the tools with curiosity.
4) After picking mushrooms, the children bathe in a meadow river.
5) Returning to the village, the kids play games, someone helps their parents.
6) The kids go to the forest for berries, they find fun for themselves: they are afraid of a hare that jumped out at one moment, they catch an old capercaillie.
7) Pictures of rural labor that the child follows.
8) Meeting of the creator with six-year-old Vlas, who helps dad to carry firewood from the forest.
9) The creator returns to the beginning of the poem and tells how the hunter's acquaintance with the children continued: the creator ordered the trained dog to show some jokes, and the kids rejoiced at the sudden performance. Suddenly a thunderstorm began, and the kids ran away to the village.
7. What mood are these paintings permeated with (sad, cheerful)? What do you think, did you correctly answer the first question asked of you, what is this poem about? How would you respond to it now? What did the author want to say about peasant children?
The paintings drawn by the creator are imbued with a good feeling of admiration and immediately feel sad: the creator knows the life of peasant children very well, he understands that satisfaction and freedom have a downside. The creator understands that kids are the future of the people.
8. What pictures of childhood and the world does the poet draw and what does the poet wish for children?
See question 6.
The poet appeals to children to adore their native land:
The poet appeals to children to love their native land:
Play on, children! Grow at will!
That's why you have been given a red childhood,
To forever love this meager field,
So that it always seems sweet to you.
Keep your age-old legacy,
Love your labor bread -
And let the charm of childhood poetry
Leads you into the bowels of the native land! ..
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1. How do you understand words and phrases: verses, tenderness touched the soul, dear rogues, holy kindness, mushroom raids, planes, a blue ribbon, centuries-old inheritance, labor bread!
The meaning of words and phrases:
verses - poems
tenderness touched the soul - a person experienced a feeling of tenderness, bright, quiet joy
cute rogues - the author calls children so because they are cunning, cheating, but their roguery is naive, there is no malicious intent in it
holy kindness - holy kindness, because it is selfless, deeply sincere
mushroom raids - fun trips to the forest for mushrooms
planer - carpentry tool
a blue ribbon - the author compares the river with a ribbon turning blue between green fields
age-old legacy - the author has in mind the best traditions of the Russian people, love for work, for the motherland
labor bread - bread that is not obtained for free, but thanks to great labor.
2. Write out from the poem the words that were incorrectly pronounced by peasant children, for example: get out, don’t get caught, they’ll steal ... How to pronounce them, put the correct stress.
Look at it, look at it, it's easy.
3. In the works you have read, there are many words that are undeservedly rarely used in modern Russian, for example, statue, majestic, darling, destiny, command. Explain the meaning of these words.
A sculpture is a sculptural image; statue.
Velichava - imbued with solemn beauty, grandeur;
testifying to inner dignity; majestic.
Rodimenko - his own, dear.
Destiny - share, fate, fate.
