What did Lenin actually write about the cook? Aphorisms Lenin Vladimir Ilyich What incomprehensible words did Lenin say

It was not in vain that Vladimir Lenin became a famous publicist, which allowed him to start political career in the Bolshevik Party. A native of Simbirsk was well-read and rich in language. This allowed him in his public speaking use a variety of catch phrases that, thanks to Soviet propaganda, went to the people. Lenin's quotes are often used in everyday speech, and sometimes people do not even realize that some phrases belong to the leader of the proletariat.

"There is such a party!"

One of Lenin's most famous phrases is the exclamation "There is such a party!". In the summer of 1917, the All-Russian Congress of Soviets was held in Petrograd. It was attended by representatives of various parties, including the Bolsheviks.

Chairman Irakli Tsereteli asked those present in the hall whether there is a party that is ready to take power into its own hands at a difficult moment for the country and be responsible for all its decisions in such a difficult situation. The question was asked for a reason, because for several months a variety of layers Russian society were dissatisfied with the Provisional Government and its decisions. But no one saw an obvious alternative to the existing government.

In response to Tsereteli's question, Lenin, who was also present at the congress, stood up. He declared: "There is such a party!", referring to his own Bolshevik party. The hall responded with applause and laughter. No one could imagine that the Bolsheviks would come to power, and Lenin's quotes would come true.

"Who does not work shall not eat"

Many of Lenin's quotations ended up in his critical articles. Most of Ulyanov's journalistic activity fell on the years of emigration, however, even during the existence of the USSR, he continued to be published, this time in millions of copies.

For example, his phrase "Who does not work, he does not eat" has become widespread. With this passage, Lenin criticized the parasites who did not help the young Soviet economy develop against the backdrop of the consequences civil war. It is interesting that a similar phrase is found in the Bible, but in a slightly different form. Lenin himself considered the call to work the main commandment of socialism, on which the ideology of the Soviet state should be based. The phrase became widespread in May 1918, when it appeared in a letter from a revolutionary to the Petrograd workers. A little later, the slogan "Who does not work, he does not eat" was directly used in the first Constitution of the RSFSR.

"Study, study, study!"

The call "Learn, study, study!" was also used by Soviet propaganda to motivate the masses. Most likely, Lenin used this phrase in one of his articles after reading Chekhov. In the story “My Life”, the classic of literature was marked by a similar appeal.

Ilyich did not like the education system under the tsarist government. This explains what Lenin said about the Russians. The leader's quotes about education were often used in the interiors of schools and universities in the Soviet Union.

"We'll go the other way"

One of Lenin's most mythologized phrases is rightfully considered the replica "We will go the other way." According to the point of view of the official Soviet ideology, young Volodya uttered it after he learned about the death of his older brother and was executed for his intention to deal with Emperor Alexander III. Lenin, by his phrase, meant that his future struggle against the tsarist regime would be based not on individual terror, but on propaganda among the masses. In Soviet and Russian life, this phrase is already used without reference to the revolutionary events of the 20th century, but refers directly to the topic of conversation.

They wrote to me: imagine, the phrase of V. I. Lenin “Of all the arts, cinema is the most important for us” in fact, it completely looks like this: “While the people are illiterate, of all the arts, cinema and the circus are the most important for us”!

It is not necessary to go far for the source, it is often indicated. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Full composition of writings.

5th ed. - T. 44. - S. 579: Conversation of V. I. Lenin with A. V. Lunacharsky.

This famous “Leninist” dictum deserves special mention. There are a number of documented remarks by Lenin about cinema. The origin of the most famous of them is rather vague.

Lenin's autograph with the chiseled saying "the most important of the arts for us is cinema" does not exist. And no one has ever heard these words from the lips of Ilyich, except for the People's Commissar of Education A. V. Lunacharsky (according to his own statement). There was a conversation, according to Anatoly Vasilyevich, “... approximately in the middle of February, and maybe by the end of it ... Two years ago Vladimir Ilyich called me and said: “Of all your art, in my opinion, the most important for Russia is movie".

For the first time, the People's Commissar publicly recalled this conversation on April 28, 1923, at the 5th All-Russian Congress of Artists, and the next day, Izvestia, which published his speech, made his memoirs publicly available.

A little later, in the Proletkino magazine No. 1-2 for the same year, the people's commissar additionally recalled: “Vladimir Ilyich pointed out to me several times that of all areas of art, the greatest national importance V currently can and should have cinema.

Then, again in Izvestia, on July 22 of the same year (for the first time using Lenin's dictum to defend against Trotsky's caustic attacks), Lunacharsky once again clarifies: cinematography is the most important thing in art: it must be dealt with in the first place.

And, finally, almost two years later (in 1925, while working on the script for his fifth film), Anatoly Vasilyevich, in response to the request of the editors of the collection Lenin and Cinema, wrote the article “Conversation with V. I. Lenin.” In the article, he finally and irrevocably stated: “... Then, smiling, Vladimir Ilyich added:“ You are known as the patron of the arts, so you must firmly remember that cinema is the most important of all the arts for us.

This is the birth story famous phrase. In fairness, it should clearly be considered Leninist-Lunacharsk or Lunacharsk-Leninist.

Summary

“Of all the arts, cinema is the most important for us” (V. I. Lenin).

Lenin uttered a phrase close in meaning in a conversation with Lunacharsky in February 1922, hardly in this form. This phrase is known only from the words of Lunacharsky, who retold the content of the conversation several times. The phrase acquired its canonical form in a letter from Lunacharsky to Boltyansky, and was first published in this form in Boltyansky's book

On this question cinema and circus please consider it closed.

1. There is no abstract truth, truth is always concrete

2. Everything in the world has two sides

3. You must be able to take into account the moment and be bold in decisions.

4. It is better to tell the truth unsuccessfully than to keep silent about it if the matter is serious.

5. It is the youth who will have the real task of creating a communist society.

6. Any extreme is not good; everything good and useful, taken to an extreme, can become and even, beyond a certain limit, necessarily becomes evil and harm

7. There can be no revolutionary movement without revolutionary theory

8. Rich and crooks are two sides of the same coin.

9. big words cannot be thrown into the wind

10. War is a test of all the economic and organizational forces of every nation

11. Anger generally plays the worst role in politics.

12. The universal faith in the revolution is already the beginning of the revolution

13. The power of the central institution must be based on moral and mental authority.

14. If I know that I know little, I will succeed in knowing more.

15. Smart is not the one who does not make mistakes. Clever is the one who can easily and quickly correct them

16. Words oblige to deeds

17. One must be careful not to cross the line in criticism of shortcomings, where gossip begins.

18. In a personal sense, the difference between a traitor in weakness and a traitor in intent and calculation is very great; there is no political difference

19. It is impossible to live in society and be free from society

20. Ideas become power when they take hold of the masses

21. Indifference is the silent support of the one who is strong, the one who dominates

22. Equality under the law is not yet equality in life

23. Despair is characteristic of those who do not understand the causes of evil

24. Of all the arts, cinema is the most important for us.

25. Art belongs to the people. It must have its deepest roots in the very depths of the broad working masses. It must unite the feeling, thought and will of these masses, raise them. It should awaken the artists in them and develop them

26. The capitalists are ready to sell us a rope with which we will hang them.

27. A book is a huge power

28. Any state is oppression. The workers are obliged to fight even against the Soviet state - and at the same time cherish it like the apple of their eye

29. People have always been and always will be stupid victims of deceit and self-deception in politics until they learn to look for the interests of certain classes behind any moral, religious, political, social phrases, statements, promises.

30. No one is guilty if he was born a slave; but a slave who not only eschews the desire for his freedom, but justifies and embellishes his slavery, such a slave is a lackey and a boor who evokes a legitimate feeling of indignation, contempt and disgust

31. We must fight religion. This is the ABC of all materialism and, consequently, of Marxism. But Marxism is not materialism that stops at the ABC. Marxism goes further. He says: one must be able to fight against religion, and for this it is necessary to explain materialistically the source of faith and religion among the masses.

32. It is necessary to systematically set about ensuring that the work of creating a press that does not amuse or fool the masses is carried out.

33. You need to be able to work with the human material that is available. Other people will not be given to us

34. Do not be afraid to admit your mistakes, do not be afraid of repeated, repeated work to correct them - and we will be at the very top

35. Defeat is not so dangerous as the fear of admitting defeat is dangerous.

36. Ignorance is less far from the truth than prejudice

37. The deepest source of religious prejudice is poverty and darkness; we must fight this evil

38. Intemperance in sexual life is bourgeois: it is a sign of decay

39. In sexual life, not only what is given by nature, but also introduced by culture is manifested.

40. Morality serves to human society rise above

41. Nor can I vouch for the reliability and steadfastness in the struggle of those women whose personal romance is intertwined with politics, and for men who run after every skirt and let themselves be entangled by every young woman. No, no, this does not fit with the revolution

42. A person's shortcomings are, as it were, a continuation of his merits. But if the virtues continue longer than necessary, are not found when it is necessary, and not where it is necessary, then they are disadvantages.

43. Patriotism is one of the deepest feelings, fixed for centuries and millennia of isolated fatherlands.

44. As long as there is a state, there is no freedom. When there is freedom, there will be no state

45. Politics is the most concentrated expression of economics

46. ​​Communism is Soviet power plus the electrification of the whole country

47. We will work to introduce into the consciousness, into habit, into the everyday life of the masses the rule: “all for one and one for all”, the rule: “to each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs”, in order to introduce gradually but steadily communist discipline and communist labor

48. Communism is the highest, against capitalist, productivity of labor of voluntary, conscious, united, workers using advanced technology.

49. Communism exists the highest level development of socialism, when people work from the consciousness of the need to work for the common good

50. The revolution of the proletariat will completely destroy the division of society into classes, and consequently, all social and political inequality.

51. Political events are always very intricate and complex. They can be compared to a chain. To hold the whole chain, you need to cling to the main link

52. Less political chatter. Less intelligent reasoning. Closer to life

53. Let 90% of the Russian people die, if only 10% survived until the world revolution

54. Revolutions are not made in white gloves

55. The most dangerous thing in war is to underestimate the enemy and rest on the fact that we are stronger

56. Telling a lie is easy. But sometimes it takes a lot of time to find the truth.

57. Talent is rare. It must be systematically and carefully maintained

58. Talent should be encouraged

59. With inventors, even if they are a little capricious, one must be able to deal with

60. We cannot do without romance. Better an excess of it than a deficiency. We have always sympathized with the revolutionary romantics, even when we did not agree with them.

61. In every fairy tale there are elements of reality

62. Fantasy is the quality of the greatest value

63. You need to learn that without a car, without discipline, to live in modern society impossible - either one must overcome the highest technique, or be crushed

64. An economist must always look ahead, towards the progress of technology, otherwise he will immediately find himself lagging behind, for whoever does not want to look forward turns his back on history

65. Ignorance is not an argument

66. The human mind has discovered many strange things in nature and will discover even more, thereby increasing its power over it.

67. Only then will we learn to win when we are not afraid to admit our defeats and shortcomings

68. Honesty in politics is the result of strength, hypocrisy is the result of weakness

69. Study, study and study!

70. The rise of the general cultural level of the masses will create that firm, healthy soil from which powerful, inexhaustible forces will grow for the development of art, science and technology.

71. From living contemplation to abstract thinking and from it to practice - such is the dialectical path of knowing the truth, knowing objective reality

72. Truth cannot be found in any serious question without a certain independent work, and whoever is afraid of work deprives himself of the opportunity to find the truth.

73. We must carefully study the sprouts of the new, treat them most attentively, help them grow in every possible way.

74. Honesty in politics is the result of strength, hypocrisy is the result of weakness

75. Lawyers should be taken with a hedgehog and put in a state of siege, because this intellectual bastard often plays dirty tricks

76. Less is better

77. We rob the loot

78. Broken armies learn well

79. Religion is a kind of spiritual sivuha

80. Intelligentsia is not the brain of the nation, but shit

81. I love it when people swear, which means they know what they are doing and have a line

82. Throwing loud phrases is a property of the declassed petty-bourgeois intelligentsia ... We must tell the masses the bitter truth simply, clearly, directly

83. We do not need cramming, but we need to develop and improve the memory of each student with the knowledge of basic facts

84. School outside of life, outside of politics - this is a lie and hypocrisy

85. We first put forward the broadest public education and upbringing. It sets the stage for culture

86. Workers are drawn to knowledge because they need it to win.

87. From a small mistake, you can always make a monstrously big one, if you insist on the mistake, if you substantiate it in depth, if you "bring it to the end"

88. Do not be afraid to admit your mistakes, do not be afraid of repeated, repeated work to correct them - and we will be at the very top

89. Analyzing the mistakes of yesterday, we thereby learn to avoid mistakes today and tomorrow

90. Smart is not the one who does not make mistakes. Such people do not exist and cannot exist. Smart is the one who makes mistakes that are not very significant, and who knows how to easily and quickly correct them.

91. If we are not afraid to speak even the bitter and difficult truth straight out, we will learn, certainly and unconditionally learn to overcome all and all difficulties.

92. One must have the courage to face the unvarnished bitter truth

93. Do not deceive yourself with lies. It is harmful

94. Self-criticism is, of course, necessary for any living and vital party. There is nothing more vulgar than self-satisfied optimism

95. Man needs an ideal, but human, corresponding to nature, and not supernatural

96. Do not philosophize slyly, do not boast with communism, do not cover up negligence, idleness, Oblomovism, backwardness with great words

97. Check all your work so that words do not remain words, practical successes in economic construction.

98. A person is judged not by what he says or thinks about himself, but by what he does

99. Work has made us the force that unites all working people

100. There are such winged words that with amazing accuracy express the essence of rather complex phenomena

101. I don't know anything better than "Appassionata", I'm ready to listen to it every day. Amazing, inhuman music. I always proudly, perhaps naively, think: these are the miracles people can do!

102. Cooperation between representatives of science and workers - only such cooperation will be able to destroy the entire oppression of poverty, disease, dirt. And it will be done. No dark force can resist the union of representatives of science, the proletariat and technology

103. The one who does nothing practical is not mistaken

"We are not utopians. We know that any unskilled worker and any cook are not able to immediately enter into government. On this we agree with the Cadets, and with Breshkovskaya, and with Tsereteli. But we differ from these citizens in that we demand an immediate break with the prejudice that only rich officials or officials taken from rich families can manage the state, carry out the everyday, daily work of government. We demand that training government controlled was carried out by conscious workers and soldiers and that it should be started immediately, i.e., all working people, all the poor, should immediately be involved in this training.

We know that the Cadets also agree to teach the people about democracy. According to the best English and French sources, the ladies of the Cadets agree to give lectures to the servants on women's equality. And also at the next concert-rally, in front of thousands of people, kissing will be arranged on the stage: the Cadet lady lecturer will kiss Breshkovskaya, Breshkovskaya of the former minister Tsereteli, and the grateful people will learn in this way visually what republican equality, freedom and brotherhood ... "

Lenin V.I. Will the Bolsheviks keep state power, V.I. Lenin, Complete Works, fifth edition, Publishing house of political literature, 1978, v. 34, p. 315.

Here is what S.G. said on this topic. Kara-Murza in "Soviet Civilization" " : " A rare democratic politician or journalist did not mention Lenin, who supposedly said that a simple cook should govern the state. There was even a familiar metaphor "Lenin's cook".

In reality, V.I. Lenin speaks completely the opposite which literally the entire democratic press attributed to him - with the assent of almost the entire intelligentsia. Moreover, he deliberately sharpens the problem in order to show how primitive the thinking of the February litter Democrats is. It seems obvious to him that any cook is incapable [being in the state of a cook] to govern the state (“believing in this would be a utopia”). There is no question that the cook should run the state.

It is worth the reader to think: how to call the behavior of many respectable intellectuals who continued to drive the myth of the "Leninist cook" into people's heads - despite the fact that they were repeatedly tried to point out their mistake. Both in person and through print. Then, in 1988-1990, we still could not understand: how is it possible? You poke a book with the exact text under his nose, and he blinks, and after half an hour again about Lenin and the cook."

TRUTH AND MYTHS ABOUT LENIN'S STATEMENTS

It is well known that all quotations and statements of this or that historical figure should be considered not only in the context of the entire speech, article or book, but in relation to a specific historical situation. In other words, before you quote anything, you need to know where, when, under what circumstances these words were spoken (written). Then their true meaning will be clear. But it often happens that the inhabitant who does not bother himself with such work falls into the networks deftly placed by falsifiers of history and himself becomes the object of manipulation by consciousness.

Here are a few quotes taken offhand by V.I. Lenin, which have long been the object of attacks by anti-communists of all stripes and subject them to historical analysis.

"Any cook is capable of running the state."

The phrase "Any cook is capable of governing the state", attributed to V. I. Lenin, is often used in criticizing socialism and Soviet power, as well as her version "Any cook should run the state."
But the fact is that the quote attributed to V. I. Lenin (and sometimes L. Trotsky) “any cook is capable of governing the state” does not belong to him!
In the article “Will the Bolsheviks keep state power” (Complete Collection Works, vol. 34, p. 315) Lenin wrote:
“We are not utopians. We know that any unskilled worker and any cook are not capable of immediately entering into government administration ... But we ... demand an immediate break with the prejudice that to manage the state, to carry out the everyday, daily work of government in a state of only rich or from rich families taken officials. We demand that public administration be taught by conscious workers and soldiers, and that it be started immediately, that is, all working people, all the poor, should immediately be involved in this training..
Feel the difference!

“In fact, this is not a brain, but shit”(about the intelligentsia)

Lenin’s well-known phrase about the intelligentsia: “In fact, this is not a brain, but shit,” anti-Soviet intellectuals every time put forward as an indicator of attitude Soviet leader to this stratum of society and its de low intellectual level. Let's see how it really was.

Lenin, in a letter to A. M. Gorky, sent on September 15, 1919 to Petrograd, spoke quite sharply about the intelligentsia (in particular, about V. G. Korolenko), who were uncompromisingly opposed to the “fair”, according to Lenin, Civil War , but not sufficiently condemning what happened in the First World War; about the inadmissibility of mixing the “intellectual forces” of the people ... with the “forces” of bourgeois intellectuals who refuse to conduct constructive cooperation with the new government and participate in various conspiracies and subversive actions. In the letter, Lenin also acknowledges the facts of erroneous arrests of the intelligentsia, the facts of assistance to the “Intellectual Forces” who want to bring science to the people (and not serve the capital) ”, and mentions the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) on September 11, 1919, where the question of the arrests of bourgeois intellectuals was discussed (the Politburo proposed to F. E. Dzerzhinsky, N. I. Bukharin and L. B. Kamenev to reconsider the cases of those arrested).
It is difficult not to agree with Ilyich.

"Political prostitute"

Not a single document has been preserved where Lenin directly uses this term. But there is plenty of evidence that he used the word "prostitutes" in relation to his political opponents. In particular, a letter from Lenin to the Central Committee of the RSDLP dated September 7, 1905 has been preserved, where he wrote: “Is it really possible to conference with these prostitutes without protocols?”
Oh, if only Lenin had lived to this day... I would have looked at these representatives of the ancient profession, who sat in government offices.

"We'll go the other way"

And here is the real legend. But positive. After the execution of the elder brother Alexander in 1887 as a participant in the People's Volunteer conspiracy to attempt on the life of the emperor Alexander III Vladi-mir Ulyanov allegedly uttered the phrase: “We will go the other way,” which meant his rejection of the methods of individual terror.
In fact, this phrase is taken and paraphrased from the poem "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" Vladimir Mayakovsky.

And then he said
Ilyich seventeen-year-old -
this word is stronger than oaths
a soldier with a raised hand:
- Brother, we are ready to replace you here,
we will win, but we will go the other way.

According to the memoirs of his elder sister Anna Ilyinichna, Vladimir Ulyanov expressed a different phrase: “No, we will not go that way. This is not the way to go."

Well, in the end, and Alexander Nevsky utters his famous words "Whoever comes to us with a sword, will die by the sword" only in Eisenstein's film. But after all, with these words, he only confirms the activities of the historical Nevsky, who nevertheless defeated the enemy who came with a sword to Rus'. And Lenin, all the more, went on a different path, one that had not been traveled before by anyone. Maybe he didn't say it, but he did it!

"Violence is necessary and useful"

Lenin's opponents like to take this quote out of context with a distortion of meaning. And they do it because in context it looks completely different.
“There are conditions under which violence is both necessary and useful, and there are conditions under which violence cannot produce any results.”. PSS, 5th ed., vol. 38, p.43, "Successes and difficulties of the Soviet government", 1919.

"Let 90% of the Russian people perish, if only 10% survived until the world revolution."

A lie, which, unfortunately, was widely spread with the light hand of the writer So-louhina. Let's see how this lie is refuted by the Russian historian and philosopher Vadim Kozhinov in his two-volume Russia. Century XX":

“Vladimir Soloukhin claims that in 1918 Lenin “threw a catchphrase: let 90% of the Russian people perish, if only 10% survived until the world revolution. It was then that Dzerzhinsky's deputy Latsis (in fact, the chairman of the Cheka of the 5th Army. - V.K.) ... published in the Red Terror newspaper on November 1, 1918, a kind of instruction to all his subordinates: “. ..We are exterminating the bourgeoisie as a class ... Do not look at the investigation for material and evidence that the accused acted in deed or word against the Soviet regime ... But, firstly, this “catch phrase” does not belong to Lenin , A G.E. Zinoviev, who, moreover, said all the same about the death of 10, not 90%, and, secondly, having familiarized himself with the very magazine (and not the newspaper) "Red Terror", Lenin immediately declared, not without harshness: "... it is not at all necessary to agree on such absurdities, which he wrote in his Comrade Latsis in the Kazan magazine Krasny Terror... on p. 2 in N 1: "do not look (!!?) in the case for accusatory evidence about whether he rebelled against the Soviet with arms or words..." (Lenin V. I. Complete collection of works, vol. 37, p. 310).

Agree, if we turn to a reliable source, then the picture of historical reality appears completely different than all sorts of intellectual inconsistencies impose on us. However, wasn't it about them that Lenin wrote in his letter to Gorky?

And in conclusion, we will give a few quotes from Lenin that do not cause such fierce disputes and do not lose their relevance to this day.

A WORD TO COMRADE LENIN
"The universal faith in the revolution is already the beginning of the revolution." - "The Fall of Port Arthur" (January 14 (1), 1905). - PSS, 5th ed., vol. 9, p. 159.
“One device of the bourgeois press always and in all countries turns out to be the most popular and “unmistakably” valid. Lie, make noise, shout, repeat the lie - "something will remain." PSS, 5th ed., vol. 31, p. 217, Union of Lies, April 13 (26), 1917.
"Honesty in politics is the result of strength, hypocrisy is the result of weakness." PSS, 5th ed., vol. 20, p. 210, Polemical Notes, March 1911.
“We are spoiling the Russian language. We use foreign words unnecessarily. We use them incorrectly. Why say "defects" when you can say shortcomings, or shortcomings, or gaps? .. Isn't it time for us to declare war on the use of foreign words without need? - "On the purification of the Russian language" (written in 1919 or 1920; first published on December 3, 1924). - PSS, 5th ed., Vol. 40, p. 49.
“People have always been and always will be stupid victims of deception and self-deception in politics until they learn to look for the interests of certain classes behind any moral, religious, political, social phrases, statements, promises.” - "Three sources and three components of Marxism" (March 1913). - PSS, 5th ed., vol. 23, p. 47.
“If I know that I know little, I will try to know more, but if a person says that he is a communist and that he does not need to know anything solid, then nothing like a communist will come of him.” - "The tasks of youth unions." Speech at the III All-Russian Congress of the Russian Communist Youth Union on October 2, 1920. - PSS, 5th ed., Vol. 41, ss. 305-306.
"Indifference is the silent support of the one who is strong, the one who dominates." - "The Socialist Party and Non-Party Revolutionism", II (December 2, 1905). - PSS, 5th ed., vol. 12, p. 137.
"Patriotism is one of the deepest feelings, fixed for centuries and millennia of isolated fatherlands." - Valuable confessions of Pitirim So-rokin (November 20, 1918). - PSS, 5th ed., Vol. 37, p. 190.
“... Only then will we learn to win, when we are not afraid to admit our defeats and shortcomings, when we will look the truth, even the saddest one, straight in the face.” - Report of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and SNK on December 23, 1921 “On the internal and foreign policy republics" at the IX All-Russian Congress of Soviets. - PSS, 5th ed., vol. 44, p. 309.
“Less political chatter, no. Less intelligent reasoning. Closer to life. - "On the character of our newspapers" (September 20, 1918). - PSS, 5th ed., vol. 37, p. 91.

Prepared