Kapustinsky pond. Recreation area on the Yauza. The main house of the estate Sviblovo

Kapustyansky Pond on the map

The pond is located in the Sviblovo district of the north-eastern district of Moscow, about half a kilometer from the station. Sviblovo metro station (the last car from the center), near Snezhnaya street, and Nansen passage.
Sviblovo District (SVAO)

Recently, this pond is more often called Kapustinsky. And they even give the reason that the last owner of the village of Leonovo, located one and a half kilometers away, was a certain merchant Kapustin. This reason seems to me "drawn by the hair." In toponymy, it rarely happens that a simple, understandable name changes into a meaningless one. Much more often the opposite happens.
Maybe someone lived here KapustYan, by the way, a fairly common Armenian surname, you can check it on Yandex. Or maybe this name has nothing to do with surnames at all. And why should one call the pond after the name of the owner of the estate, although this pond is not even located on the border of his possessions.
Be that as it may, I can reliably say that at least since the 50s, the locals called it Kapustyansky. The same name is official, which is demonstrated by the corresponding plate. Nevertheless, there are other opinions about this. And recently, they began to write on the cards Kapustinsky. But I, as an old-timer of this area, will use the old name here.

This pond could be a "pearl" of the area, if instead of building up its banks with various kinds of buildings, a good square would be laid out. But what's done is done. Still, there is some semblance of a square here. Moreover, in last years the pond was cleaned and the area around the pond was landscaped.
In the southeastern part of the pond, there is still a tiny green area.

The decoration of the pond is such an island overgrown with trees.

Water lilies - a sign of purity of water

Summer 2010, heat. The grass is burned out, people are trying to find some shade

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Only own photographs were used - date of shooting 02.06.2012

Address: Moscow, Lazorevy pr., 19, metro station "Sviblovo".
How to get there: on foot from metro station Sviblovo 1.3 km, bus 628 from metro station Sviblovo (4 stops) to the stop Lazorevy pr. (13 min.).

The village has been known since the 14th century. At that time, it was owned by the governor F.A. Sviblo, an associate of Dmitry Donskoy. During almost the entire XVII century. The village belonged to representatives of the Pleshcheev family. IN early XVIII V. the village was owned by a relative of Peter I - K.A. Naryshkin. He built the estate in 1704-1708. After Naryshkin, the estate changed many owners. her in different time owned by the Golitsyns, Pleshcheevs and others. early XIX V. N.M. Karamzin lived in Sviblovo. By the beginning of the XVIII century. a typical economic complex for that time was formed here: a wooden manor house, a soap house, that is, a bathhouse, a barnyard, a mill with a dam, grain barns. The owners of the estate did not lag behind the Moscow fashion for gardens - there were apple trees, pears, cherries, and currants.
Under K.A. Golitsyn, a stone church of the Life-Giving Trinity was erected (1708), manor house, stone chambers and other buildings.
However, the Pleshcheevs were not going to put up with the loss of Sviblov, and in 1719 they returned the estate to themselves, after which "complete desolation reigned there - Pleshcheev lacked neither the means nor the ability" to maintain the estate.
At the beginning of the XVIII century. the estate was rented by the Duke of Golfstein Karl-Friedrich - the future husband of the eldest daughter of Peter I Anna Petrovna. From 1722 to 1725, Anna Petrovna, the daughter of Peter I, lived in the estate. In place of the old woman there was a round canal with a bulk island in the middle - there was her residence. In the center of the island stood the Rotunda. Four bridges were thrown across the canal to the island. The moat was restored in 2007-2008.
Two floors of the main house (the first floor is brick, the second is wooden) were built in the 1780s. in the forms of early classicism, in the 1820s. built on a mezzanine; the upper parts of the building and the interiors received architectural decoration in the Empire style. Two outbuildings on the sides of the front yard, built of wood in late XVIII c., in the 1980s. recreated in brick. The “human” wing (1820s) and park ponds have been preserved. At the beginning of the XIX century. N.M. Karamzin lived in the Sviblovo estate. Subsequently, Sviblovo was acquired by the merchant I.P. Kozhevnikov, who set up a large cloth factory in the village in 1821.
During the Great patriotic war The park was almost completely cut down. IN currently the church, two stone outbuildings and a manor house were restored (second half of the 18th - 19th century). There are two ponds in the floodplain of the Yauza River.
In 1994, by decision of the Moscow government, the estate was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church who restored the Temple Life-Giving Trinity. Trinity Temple is protected by the state as an object cultural heritage of federal significance, the rest of the structures - as objects of regional significance. Now the core of the estate is under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate, the territory in the floodplain of the Yauza and along the Lazarev passage belongs to urban lands.
In our time, a church, a bell tower, two ponds, a picturesque relief and a small area of forest have been preserved from the estate.
It was decided to restore some fragments of the park that once existed, fitting them into the existing situation. As a result, convenient footpaths were laid on the territory, which connected separate interesting sections. The surviving ponds were cleaned, new bridges were built, benches were installed along the banks. In accordance with the historical layout of the site, it was decided to restore the island, surrounded by a dug channel. They also built a classic gazebo-rotunda, similar to the one that once existed, which received the name "Temple of Air" during the design process.

Kapustinsky (or Kapustyansky) pond
Located on Snezhnaya street.
The area is 2.4 hectares. The average depth is 2.5 m, the volume of water in the reservoir is 60 thousand cubic meters.
A beautiful pond with an island, which is located in the north-eastern part of the pond, in the upper reaches of the covered Leonovsky stream. The area of the island, inaccessible to people, is 0.12 ha. In 2007, water lilies were seen - a sign of the purity of the water. It is named after the merchants Kapustins, the late owners of the village of Leonov. This pond is old, and an alley of huge linden trees, planted in pairs, led to it from the Sviblovo estate. Now the lindens have all dried up. Until recently, Kapustinsky Pond was one of the most algae-covered ponds in Moscow, but in recent years the pond area has been landscaped.

The scheme of the estate: 1 - the main house; 2 - outbuilding; 3 - Human wing; 4 - Trinity Church.

Manor Sviblovo	Manor Sviblovo	The main house of the estate Sviblovo
Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in Sviblovo	human wing	Chapel of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Sviblovo, 2001
The Yauza River and the bridge to the circular moat around the church in the summer residence of the eldest daughter of Peter I Anna Petrovna

In contact with

Classmates

Students of the Gymnasium Sviblovo launched a unique project on the history of their native region - "". Its goal is to activate students in studying the history of the region, to interest them in the volunteer movement, to strengthen socialization, and also to teach them how to defend their position competently. In addition, it is planned to compile a virtual encyclopedia of Sviblov.

The newspaper "Sviblovo" offers to get acquainted with the student of the Gymnasium Matvey Kuleshov, concerning the correct name of the Kapustinsky pond.

We have a pond behind the Saturn cinema in Sviblov. Its name is a complete mess. It is sometimes called "Kapustyansky", then "Kapustinsky". These names are found in newspapers, and in advertising materials, and in official documents, and on various posters, stands, as well as on the Internet.

Personally, the name "Kapustyansky" seems to me incomprehensible and difficult to pronounce. Some consider this word unusual for the Russian language. Therefore, I decided to figure out which name is correct, to conduct a thorough study of this issue in order to find a definite answer.

In the 70s of the last century, the pond was called a "bog", and it looked like a swamp. By the late 1990s and early 2000s, there was vernacular name"cabbage", which appeared as an abbreviation for the pond's own name - "Kapustinsky".

I began to search and collect all available information on this subject. I managed to find the first written mention of our reservoir under the name "mshanova of the Sviblovsky swamp", referring to the beginning of the 17th century.

In search of information, I ended up on the Parks of Moscow website, the author of which insists that the correct name of the pond is Kapustyansky. He almost does not substantiate his version, referring only to the fact that the pond was called that in the 50s, and shows a photograph of the stand on which this name is written. And he questions the widespread version of the origin of the name "Kapustinsky", associated with the last owners of the village of Leonov - the Kapustins.

My search for information related to the name "Kapustyansky" led to the following results: this name was first recorded in an official document in 1997; the word "kapustyansky" is of Ukrainian origin, in Russian there are no words beginning with "kapustyan-"; There are no connections between Sviblov and Leonov with proper names beginning with "Kapustyan-". Nowhere are there any justifications and versions of the origin of this name in Moscow toponymy.

But the name "Kapustinsky", associated with the Leonov Kapustins, has been reasonably and practically proven. Two boundary maps of the 18th century clearly show that the pond is located within the borders of the village of Leonovo. The middle son of the last owner, V.A. Kapustin, published a book about the village of Leonovo, in which there is a survey inventory and a story about the boundary survey in the 17th century, as a result of which, most likely, the "Sviblovskoe swamp" passed into the possession of the owners of the village of Leonovo. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Kapustins' possessions were divided in half by the Okruzhnaya Railway. So the pond turned out to be cut off from the estate, and the name probably arose and was fixed from the explanations: who owns this land and this pond.

On the maps I found in 1931 and 1941, a name is used that begins with "kapustin-".

Thus, the correct name of the pond is "Kapustinsky", and the origin of the meaningless name "Kapustyansky" is unclear and absolutely unjustified.

I started my walk to the Kapustinsky Square with a pond from the Sviblovo metro station. Near the metro there is a temple - the chapel of the Holy Martyr Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia

Here is the route for the walk

Before the turn from Snezhnaya street to Nansen passage there is a Children's School of Music named after A.N.Skryabin, a sculpture of A.N.Skryabin, an outstanding Russian composer and pianist, was installed in the school yard. His work is usually regarded as standing completely apart, although from the point of view of compositional technique, it can be brought closer to the New Viennese School. Scriabin solves the problem of “insufficiency”, “narrowness” of tonality, which was acute for the composers of that time, in his own way, complicating harmony to the limit. At the same time, he achieved the desired expressiveness by introducing color into music, that is, for the first time in history he used light music.

turning onto the Nansen passage (by the way, it was named in 1964 in honor of Fridtjof Nansen (1861-1930) - a Norwegian explorer of the Arctic, zoologist, founder new science- physical oceanographer, politician, humanist, philanthropist, laureate Nobel Prize peace for 1922) and after walking for about five minutes, I found myself at Kapustinsky Square with a pond. There is an ecological restoration, landscaping and landscaping of the park along Snezhnaya Street, as it turns out the place is called

Construction is underway next to the pond: from the 1st quarter of 2013 to the 4th quarter of 2015, work will be carried out on the construction of a sports and recreation complex with administrative premises and a Nansen parking lot. As part of the construction, the territory adjacent to the Kapustyansky Pond will be comprehensively landscaped. Bank protection and cleaning of the bottom surfaces of the pond will also be carried out.

to clean the territory of the pond and it’s really time for a long time

Kapustinsky Square is a shady path with benches, it is pleasant to walk in the square with small children

Kapustinsky or Kapustyansky Pond among local residents, the opinion is divided

at the intersection of Snezhnaya and Sedova streets, a stone was laid for the Russian fleet.

The stone was erected to commemorate the 300th anniversary Russian fleet at the suggestion of the residents of the region, in memory of the sailors of all generations who made Russia a great maritime power.

We remember and honor the famous navigators Bering V.I., Amundsen R., Nansen F., Sedov G.Ya., Rusanov V.A., who contributed huge contribution in the development of navigation and exploration of the Arctic, the streets of the Sviblovo districts are named after them. Residents of the region are grateful to Russian sailors for selfless service to the Fatherland.

the street was named in 1964 in honor of Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov - hydrographer, naval sailor, organizer of the expedition to North Pole on the ship "Saint Foka" (1912)

on Sedova Street, there is a green recreation area - S.A. Burova, where beautiful flower beds and many benches are installed

drawing of the Victory Star of the Great Patriotic War on the boiler room

Sedova Street ends with a recreation area on the Yauza River

Descent to the river

In the 18th century, the estate and the village were called Sviblov. They were owned by a relative of Peter I - K. Naryshkin. Under him, in 1708, a one-domed brick church was built and white stone that have survived to this day. In those days, people descended from the street along a narrow path along the slope to a spring flowing from a lead pipe. The spring water flowed into the fountain and the estate. The spring itself is located in the floodplain of the Yauza River at the intersection of Lazorevoy passage and Sedova street, 5 meters from the water's edge. Descending spring. Located at an altitude of 125 meters above sea level. It is fed by groundwater from Upper Quaternary deposits (river sands). Gives rise to a natural stream. Water consumption is about 15 liters per minute. Monument of nature since 1987.