Exercise 1. Read the text. Get out of it nouns denoting specific objects, plants, natural phenomena.
LATEST MUSHROOMS
The wind scattered, the linden sighed and seemed to exhale a million golden leaves from itself. The wind still scattered, rushed with all its might - and then all the leaves flew off at once and remained on the old linden, on its black branches only rare gold coins.
So the wind played with the linden, crept up to the cloud, blew, and the cloud splashed and immediately dispersed into rain.
The wind caught up and drove another cloud, and bright rays burst out from under this cloud, and the wet forests and fields sparkled.
Red leaves were covered with mushrooms, but I found a little mushrooms, and boletus, and boletus.
These were the last mushrooms.
(M. Prishvin)
Why is the wind, the linden spoken of as living beings? What is the name of this expressive language? Why is it used by the author?
Exercise 2. Read the sentences. Write out nouns from them, denoting a sign, but as an object.
1. Quiet, and the blue hung between the green trees. (M. Prishvin) 2. White snow field blinded. 3. The fish darted into the depths and disappeared. 4. The sky in February is strikingly blue. 5. The yellowness has already touched the birch groves. 6. The blackness of the water scared us. 7. The courage of the city takes. (Proverb) 8. The dexterity and panache of the young dandy did not please the proud boyar. (A. Pushkin)
Exercise 3. Read the texts. Write down nouns from them that have the meaning of action.
a) The guys plunged into the discordance of unusual sounds. Clicking, chirping, clicking, creaking, screeching, howling, murmuring, gurgling, hooting and dozens of their various shades. At first, they embarrassed the earthlings, made them alert, to lose the pace of movement. But there were so many sounds that they gradually got used to them and began to make out distant conversations.
(V. Melentiev)
b) Some incomprehensible sounds woke me up. There was a grunt, a dry creak. Carefully, I climb out of my sleeping bag. Again a creak, a grunt, a spanking, a hoarse scream.
(According to N. Sladkov)
Exercise 4. Read the poem. Determine its main idea. Write down two nouns denoting a) objects; b) signs; c) actions.
EARTH WORDS
All languages have these words:
Mother. Motherland. Happiness.
River. Blue.
Whoever it is, anyone understands them.
Words are our guiding lights.
Live. Earthly.
And their essence is simple:
Bread. Morning. Job.
Dream. Beauty.
But there are also such words in dictionaries,
They cause anxiety and fear.
Words that must disappear forever:
War. Ruin.
Cruelty. Enmity.
Other words will remain with us
They have the proud power of human kinship:
World. Friendship. And joy in a high wave -
We are people.
We are the children of one planet.
(R. Farhadi)
Exercise 5. Write the words in three columns, putting in the missing letters.
Merciless, speed, yellowness, trembling, honesty, whitewash, swimming, swim, yellow, competition, curvature, crooked, twisted, earthquake.
Exercise 6. Write the words in columns, distributing them into groups with one grammatical meaning. Insert the missing letters, highlight the roots. Indicate above each column which part of speech the group of words belongs to.
Connecting, joining; surprise, amazing, surprise; to be enjoyed, to be enjoyed; t_mnot, t_mnet; approximation, approach, approximate; removal, removal, removal; skr_puffy, skr_pit, skr_patch; captivating, captivating, captivating.
Exercise 7. Do parsing offers.
1. Kizhi is a small island in Lake Onega. 2. The forest drops its crimson dress. (A. Pushkin) 3. An oak leaf broke away from a native branch and drove off into the steppe. (M. Lermontov) 4. Cold damp crawled out of the bushes. (F. Abramov)
Make a conclusion about the syntactic role of nouns in a sentence. When is a noun not a part of a sentence? Give your examples.
Exercise 8. Make up and write sentences in which the words sea, sun, dew would act as different members of the proposal.
Exercise 9. Find in school explanatory dictionary the meanings of the given words. Write them down as sentences, underline the main members, indicate how they are expressed.
Souvenir, glider, lexicon.
Exercise 10. Read the text. Write out animate and inanimate nouns from it in two columns.
I was very worried about how the old-timers of the house would accept the badger Barsik: Ivanych the cat and father's hunting dog Jack.
The meeting took place on the same day. While Barsik slept, curled up on the sofa, Ivanovich came from a walk. He went to the sofa and suddenly noticed a sleeping animal. "Who it?" Ivanych opened his eyes wide, spread his ears and stepped towards the stranger. At that moment, Barsik woke up, but Ivanovich did not seem to him a terrible beast. The badger reached out to him and unexpectedly licked Ivanych right in the nose. The cat snorted, shook his head, but accepted the friendly greeting with approval. He purred, arched his back, walked over to the sofa and sat down beside the badger, singing his leisurely song.
(According to G. Skrebitsky)
Write out proper names from the text.
Exercise 11. Read the text. Explain why some of the words in it are capitalized.
The hunter Pulka also lived in this house. He had a small dog, Bulka, and he also had a gun that fired corks. There lived the artist Tube, the musician Guslya and other kids: Toropyzhka, Grumpy, Silent, Donut, Rasteryayka, two brothers - Avoska and Neboska. * But the most famous among them was a kid named Dunno.
(N. Nosov)
*Explain the use of the colon in the marked sentence..
Exercise 12. Write off, opening brackets, placing the missing punctuation marks.
They were very nice in the city. Around each house, flowers of daisies, chamomiles, dandelions were planted. There, even the streets were called the names of flowers, the street (K, k) bells, the alley (R, p) omashek, the boulevard (B, v) asilkov. And the city itself was called (C, c) branch city.
(N. Nosov)
Exercise 13. Let's play city names! Of course, you know the conditions of the game. And yet we recall: the participant in the game names the city with the letter that ended the name of the previous city. For example: Op And – AND gark A– A nap A etc.
Moscow - __________.
Exercise 14. Write down five titles of movies, books. Don't forget to enclose these names in quotation marks.
Exercise 15++ . Form from these roots using prefixes and suffixes -enij-, -anij- nouns 1 .
-One-, -attract-, -gave-; -slav- (-slavl-), -dredge-, -trembling- .
Highlight morphemes in spelled words.
Exercise 16++ . Form nouns from adjectives with a suffix -from(a) . Highlight the root and suffixes in the written words.
Clean, tall, sharp, black, kind, small.
Exercise 17++ . Form nouns from these adjectives using a suffix -out- .
Steep, blue, curve, yellow.
Exercise 18++ . Give examples of nouns with suffixes -onk-, -ear-, -ik- . What meaning do these suffixes give to nouns?
Exercise 19++ . Write down, fill in the missing letters. Explain graphically the choice of suffixes -chik, -chik .
Experienced translation_ik, computer_ik, interesting story_ik, fan_ik of Spartak, malicious truant_ik, various newspapers, set_ik of a printing house, ship's signal_ik, transfer_of illness.
Exercise 20++ . Write off by inserting the missing letter in the suffix. Highlight suffixes.
a) Rare spruce_k, curly lamb_k, funny tail_k, beautiful pocket_k, funny kitten_k, green stem_k, sweet pea_k, yellow sand_k, sharp knife_k, overgrown ravine_k, piece of cake, bright umbrella_k.
b) Pea_k, brick_k, friend_k, knife_k, hut_k, forest_k, pebble_k, gift_k, chick_k, nut_, report_k, ship_k, tail_k, grease_ik, cargo_ik, sofa_k, census_ik, bouquet_k, dilapidated_st, small_ta, white_know, deep_on.
Exercise 21++ . Read the text and title it. Write off, inserting missing letters, missing punctuation marks. underline capital letter in proper names.
Russian craftsmen glorified their land from the old days. The real ch_do was created in Kizhi by re (z, s) _ or on wood and carpenters. The Transfiguration Church with twenty-two domes, built by them without a single nail, seems to be a flower of amazing beauty.
Russians erected the Assumption Cathedral in Moscow in four years stones_iki under the leadership of the Italian Fioravanti. He was struck by the painting of the Vladimir Cathedral and asked about the name of the artist.
His name was Andrey Rublev answered proudly translation_ik.
(According to N. Ionina)
Write out the highlighted words, highlight the suffixes in them, write the word from which it is formed next.
Exercise 22. Expressively read the poem by S. Aksakov.
Again rains, again fogs,
And leaf fall, and bare forest,
And darkened meadows
And the low, gray vault of heaven.
Write down the nouns, indicate their gender, number. Do all of the nouns written out have two number forms?
Give examples of nouns that have only one form.
Exercise 23. Form the form from given nouns plural, highlight the endings in them, put the stress.
Shop, address, vacation, officer, director, driver, cake, carpenter, plant, doctor.
Exercise 24. form Genitive plural of given nouns. See a dictionary for help.
Wing, kilogram, rain, chair, apple, melon, cherry, shoe.
Exercise 25. Read the text, determine its type. Retell it using the nouns from the sentence to tell the story. Soon I noticed a squirrel's nest on a high spruce. (G. Korolkov)
Word shore
- noun. Let's prove it.
First, it designates a subject and answers a question. What? Secondly, it refers to one of the three declensions, namely the second (because it is a noun male null-terminated). Third, the word shore
changes in cases - declines: shore, along the shore, on the shore etc.). Fourthly, in a sentence it can be a main and a minor member: subject (Shore
rivers overgrown with bushes), complement (We hardly made it to the shore), predicate (The main obstacle for us is the steep shore)
, circumstance (Bushes grew on the shore).
Therefore, the word shore
- a noun, since it has all the signs of this part of speech.
Exercise 26. Write the text, inserting missing letters, missing punctuation marks, opening brackets.
Our raccoon is the adopted son of the cat (M, m) urki. We called him (H,h)avka because he munched loudly while eating.*
Once, on a walk (H, h), the Avka suddenly rushed forward and ended up in a ditch. The cat hesitated, ran up to the water and moaned plaintively. She (not) took her eyes off the groove where the little raccoon swam*. The cat would have jumped after the baby, but we ourselves pulled the prankster out of the water. On dry land, the cat began to lick his wet fur from ears to tail.
(According to N. Durova)
Write out two feminine nouns from the text, then masculine and neuter. Specify whether they are animate or not. Form their plural form. Do all nouns form it? Find proper nouns. Name 2-3 nouns denoting an object.
Make a syntactic analysis of the 1st and 3rd sentences and draw a conclusion about the syntactic role of the noun. When is a noun not part of a sentence? Give an example.
Outline the sentences marked with an asterisk.
Exercise 27++ . Write by opening brackets.
a) Tired of (un)habit, came to (un)fitness; (not) accuracy, but approximation; (not) attentiveness, but absent-mindedness; (not) true, but false; (not) decisiveness, but timidity; household (not) squatters; (not) decisiveness of character; obvious (dis)like; tell (not) the truth.
b) 1. (Non) nastya stopped the advance of the detachment. 2. (In)dexterity, but calculation and endurance helped the climber to avoid trouble. 3. (Not) the truth, but a clear lie, he felt in his words. 4. (Not) the weather, but fatigue forced us to make a halt. 5. The (un)weather gave us a lot of (un)pleasures. 6. An (in)accuracy was made in the solution of the problem. 7 The (un)familiar did not hear the question. 8. It was an obvious (not) truth.
Exercise 28. Sort the nouns into three columns according to their declensions.
Night, demonstration, coast, bed, bed, area, playground, notebook, notebook, Dima, Natalya, barn, building, proposal, happiness, poplar, deer, album, current.
Exercise 29. Read the text based on L. Carroll's fairy tale "Alice in Wonderland".
Alice had never had to talk to the Mice before, and she did not even know how to call the Mouse so that she would not be offended. Fortunately, she remembered that her brother somehow left an old grammar on the table (accidentally), and she (Alice) looked in there (of course, completely by accident) - and imagine, it was just written there how to politely call the Mouse ! Yes Yes! It was written exactly like this:
Nominative: who? - Mouse.
Genitive: who? - Mice.
Dative: to whom? - Mice.
.................................
.................................
And at the end:
Calling: - Oh Mouse!
Put cases instead of dots and decline the word mouse in other cases. What, in your opinion, is the vocative case in modern Russian, which was once in Russian? Compose and write down 3 sentences in which a similar form would be used, with nouns Moscow, boy, sun .
Exercise 30 e - and in the endings of nouns according to the model.
Sample: walked along the roads] (1st fold, d.p.)
a) In the seaside harbor_, on a branch_ of sirens_, during icy conditions_, in azure sky_, on the palm_, walked along the alley_, trees in the frost_, near the bed_, marched along the square_, walked along the roads_ to the village_; they talked about Ann_ Petrovna_.
b) I wrote it down in a notebook_, we were on the square_; sat on the bed_; at the top_ ate_; at the very top of the tree_; swam in the hole_, drew in the album_; talked about the hut_; rode a horse_, sat on a horse_; found in sara_; remembered the storm_.
Exercise 31. Write off by inserting the missing letters at the endings of nouns. Indicate in brackets the declension and case of nouns with a gap in the endings.
1. Around the village, a coniferous forest rose like a wall. 2. An old hunter lives in the hut. 3. The roof on the hut_ has long been rotten. 4. There was no fence or gate near the huts. 5. She was returning on a winter evening from the village_. 6. The dog disappeared into a thick green thicket_. 7. Emelya leaned against the tree trunk and waited. 8. The deer disappeared in the green thicket_. 9. In such weather it is unpleasant to leave the warm lodge_.
(D. Mamin-Sibiryak)
Exercise 32. Give 5-6 examples of nouns in ya, ya, ya , putting them in i.p. and in p.p.
Record Sample:
On and I |
On ie |
On uy |
I.p. stations P.p. about the station |
buildings in the building |
sanatorium in a sanatorium |
Exercise 33. Write down explaining the spelling e - and
Sample: from trips and(1st fold, s.p.) by Asia and (Asia)
a) Worked in a printing house_, served in the army_, an error in the decision_, entered the building_, saw in the building_; rested in a sanatorium_; textbooks on geography_, history_; traveled in Central Asia_, in Australia_, in Italy_; was in Siberia.
b) Find in folder_, in notebook_; in a mountain village_; near that road_; apple flowers_; rested on the seaside_; about the opening of the exhibition; was at the exhibition_; at the lecture_ in the planetarium_; visited the museum_, the zoo_; stood in thought_; in a bright radiance_; near the edge.
c) Be at the opening of the exhibition; at meetings_ of expedition members_; meet at a lecture_ in a museum_; roam the shallows; trees in light frost_; talked about painting_, architecture_; talk about the planetary_; in the blue glow_; stopped in the gorge_; relax on the seaside_, they talked about happiness_.
Exercise 34. Write off, denoting the spelling in the endings of nouns.
1. White steam swirls in the gorge. (N.Rubtsov) 2. The wind in the abyss fell asleep. (K.Balmont) 3. A rainbow flashed in the sky and reflected in puddles on the path. (G. Korolkov) 4. On the spruce tree, the branches hung and stuck together from the snow. (L. Tolstoy) 5. Leopards were brought to the zoo from Central Asia_. 6. The mole rushed to his underground gallery_. (G. Korolkov) 7. The hawk suddenly slipped from behind the roofs_. (G. Korolkov)
Exercise 35. Write off, inserting the missing letters, mark the spelling in the endings of nouns.
a) 1. A fortress was built at the mouth of the river. 2. Snow hung on the flexible tree. 3. On the leaves of the sirens_, sparkles of drops trembled. 4. The hedgehog reached the familiar edge, settled down under the thick paws of the eater and fell asleep soundly. 5. I sat in my shelter_ on the tree_ and watched the black storks. 6. Spruces and pines approached close to the village. 7. That year we lived in an old house on the edge of the villages. 8. They swam amusingly on the shallows_. 9. On the territory of the zoo, even ditches and swamps had to be made.
(According to G. Korolkov)
b) 1. There were many incomprehensible things in the behavior of the cat. (N.Durova) 2. Early in the spring, field sparrows chose a house on a spruce. 3. A scientist devoted many years to the study of the forests of South America_. (I. Akimushkin) 4. In India, cheetahs are tamed for antelope hunting. (I. Akimushkin) 5. The best hunting cheetahs are brought to India from Africa_. (I. Akimushkin) 6. Except Africa_, cheetahs live only in Asia_. (I. Akimushkin).
Exercise 36. Write off, inserting missing letters, missing punctuation marks.
Rock carvings of cave lions were found by scientists in caves and grottoes Spain_ France_ England_ Belgium_ Germany_ Austria_ Italy_ Algeria_ and Siri_.
Climate in Europe_ was warmer during the preglacial period. In Asia Minor_ and in Transcaucasia_ lions survived until the historical era_. In India, lions have always been considered a lucky trophy. Even at the end of the last century, these animals were in Africa_ in Iran_ Iraq_.
(According to I. Akimushkin)
Do morphological analysis highlighted nouns.
Exercise 37. Write down explaining the spelling e - and at the endings of nouns.
They wrote in antiquity_; resound in silence_; went from village to village; they talked about the opening of the exhibition; visited the opening exhibition; trees in frost_; speaking in conscience_; visited the theater_ for a performance_; learned by local_; flowed into the gorge_; studied at the gymnasium_; be located in the valley_; during the expedition_; gather on the square.
Exercise 38. Write by inserting the missing letters.
a) 1. From the directorate of the church came for advice. 2. Much seemed strange in the behavior of the beast. 3. At the rehearsal_ Kotka (lynx) condescendingly accepted the applause. (According to N. Durova) 4. At night, the train stopped at a small station. (D. Mamin-Sibiryak) 5. Waiting_ old man I hung the kettle over the fire. (D. Mamin-Sibiryak) 6. The village froze in anticipation of great events. 7. From the pier, the road turned up the hill. (V. Gubarev)
Make a morphological analysis of the highlighted word.
b) 1. The grass in the foothills_ burns out from the heat. (N.Sladkov) 2. A heavy wind howled outside the station window. (A. Kazantsev) 3. For some time we walked along the path in silence. (A. Kazantsev) 4. Brand new cars stood on the side of the streets_. 5. Lots of stars in silence_ burning at night... (K.Balmont) 6. On the Christmas tree, a jackdaw shook a fringe from a branch with a naughty hop. (K.Balmont) 7. Through the greenery of the pines on the red roof, the gentle sunset light turns yellow. (K.Balmont)
Do a syntactic analysis of the first sentence.
Make a morphological analysis of the highlighted word.
Exercise 39++ . Write, inserting the missing letters, according to the model: time.
1. Whoever does not value time, always has losses. 2. The strength of a horse will be known on the way, the heart of a person - over time. 3. You can't blow out a big flame. 4. There is no heavier burden than idleness. 5. From a good seed_n_ - a good sunrise. 6. The bird is glad of spring, and the child is mother_. 7. Times change, people change too. 8. Each time has its own songs. 9. Do not think about the face, think about him_n_.
(Proverbs)
Exercise 40. Divide nouns into two columns, adding at the end of words after sibilants where necessary, soft sign.
From pastures_, quiet_, hut_, from behind clouds_, after meetings_, many tasks_; trembling_; near the groves_, treasure island_; few puddles_; hoop_; siskin_; speech_; ladle_; ivy_; from gears_; cloak_; deaf_; reeds_; owl_; brick_.
Add a suggestion: In nouns with a basis on hissing at the end, a soft sign is written only in nouns ______ declension.
Exercise 41. Divide the nouns into two columns:
Puddle, cloud, noodle, pencil, ski, plush, lily of the valley, circus; ball_m, landscape_m, steep_th; comrade_m; wheat_th, cucumber_m; chick_m; tasks_th, luggage_m; lead_m; father_v, brother_v.
Exercise 42. Write off, inserting missing letters, missing punctuation marks. Make diagrams of the sentences marked with the icon. Make a morphological word parsing marked with an asterisk.
1. In early spring, a hot ray of the sun illuminated everything and touched even the seed cone on top of the old fir. (M. Prishvin) 2. In an empty station_ at the station_ the watchman slept under a sheepskin coat. 3. After thunderstorms, a rainbow hangs from birch trees in patterned clean towels. (N.Rubtsov) 4. In New Zealand, fern forests that have disappeared everywhere are growing. (I. Akimushkin) 5. He opened his eyes and slowly looked around the beach_. (V. Melentiev) 6. When the sparrows were already waiting for the chicks, they appeared near the starling's house *. (G. Korolkov) 7. Under the roof there was a nest of swallows. 8. Soft snow began to fall, which hunters call powder *. (D. Mamin-Sibiryak)
Test your knowledge!
Option 1
1. Compose and write down phrases with these nouns, matching adjectives with nouns.
Vermicelli, surname, corn, flamingo, tulle.
2. Insert the missing letters, indicating the case and declension of nouns.
Sample: Chatted in the gazebo(1st fold, p.p.).
I rode a tram_, kept it in a box, trees in other_, sat at a lecture_, served in the army_, read in a work_.
-e .
Station, literature, mathematics, building, botany, geography, wasteland, beans, hillock.
4. Write down nouns that have an ending only in the prepositional case -e . Specify the declension of nouns.
Briefcase, happiness, witness, thicket, anchor, poplar, shiver, deer, autumn, July, coat, surface, seal, hut, hero.
5. Write down nouns that have an ending in the genitive and dative cases And . What denomination do they belong to?
Piano, speech, calendar, doctor, hedgehog, corn, ice hole, stump, mother, daughter.
6. Write down the following words in the dative and prepositional cases:
Coast, expedition, ice hole, case, proposal, Eugene, incident, upbringing, herbarium.
7. Compose phrases using prepositions by, on, in, at, oh, about, for .
Sample: life at the seaside, on the cover of notebooks.
Title, manuscript; approach, thunderstorm; root, word; ship, danger; illustration, book; dream, happiness; solution, task.
8. Write down nouns, in which, after hissing at the end, it is written b .
Hut_, key_, wasteland_, little things_, a lot of pears_, problem solving_, no meetings_.
9. Write down those nouns in which at the end of the instrumental case is written O .
Egg, ring, bird, drawing, locust, ladle, poster, hotel.
10. Rewrite the text, insert the missing letters, add the missing punctuation marks.
Dolphins are easy to train. They quickly learn various ecclesiastical tricks with enthusiasm;
Dolphins are friendly people. They treat each other with touching concern. Dolphins do not think about danger and rush at the first call to help a comrade when he gets into trouble.
Option 2
1. Make phrases with these nouns adjective + noun agreeing the adjective with the noun.
Shampoo, coffee, avenue, hole, muffler.
2. Insert the missing letters, indicate the declension and case of nouns.
Lived in hotels_, during the evenings, walked in the square_, drew in the album_, when the number changed, the butterfly turned into a lily_, drowned in the sirens_, the nest on the birches_; talked about the incident_, was at the demonstration_.
3. Write down nouns that have an ending in the dative and prepositional cases -e :
Diploma, reader, literature, territory, health, hobby, barn, competition, dry land, wasteland.
4. Write down the nouns that have the ending only in the prepositional case -e . Give the declension of these nouns.
Lake, whirlwind, wormwood, degree, thaw, anchor, surface, coast, country, gymnastics.
5. Write down nouns that have an ending in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases -And . What declension do these nouns belong to?
Key, blizzard, poplar, notebook, steppe, song, frost, build.
6. Write down nouns that only have the ending in the prepositional case -And .
Lazy man, building, publication, acacia, meeting, planetarium, division, path.
7. Make phrases noun + noun using prepositions by, on, in, at, oh, about, for .
Sample: on the surface of the table, when danger approaches.
Tale, expedition; room, station; record, journal; construction, Siberia; approach, storm.
8. Write down the nouns in which, after hissing at the end of words, it is written b .
Luxury_, wilderness_, with a steep_, near dachas_, reeds_, landscape_, ruff_, no clouds_, monsters_, many puddles_.
9. Write down nouns that have endings after hissing and c written in the instrumental case -ohm .
Siskin, borscht, knife, cloud, heart, saucer, street, ball, comrade, mirror, noodles.
10. Rewrite the text, inserting missing letters, missing punctuation marks.
Granite is a very durable stone. It is mined in the Ural_ in Siberia_. With strong heating and rapid cooling, it loses its strength and collapses. When it is destroyed, clay and sand are formed.
1 The “++” sign marks exercises and tasks for students who study according to the textbook “Russian language. 5th grade, ed. Razumovskaya M.M., Lekanta P.A.
The wind scattered, the linden sighed and seemed to exhale a million golden leaves from itself. The wind still scattered, rushed with all its might (), and then at onceall the leaves flew off, and left on the old linden (), on its black branches, only rare gold coins. So the wind played with the linden (), crept up to the cloud (), blew, the cloud splashed and immediately all dispersed with rain. The wind caught up with another cloud and drove it away, and from under this cloud (), bright rays burst out, and the wet forests and fields sparkled. Red leaves were covered with mushrooms, but I found a few mushrooms, and aspen, and birch boletus. These were the last mushrooms. TASK INDICATE THE PART OF THE WORD IN WHICH THE MISSING LETTER IS, REMEMBER THE CHECKING METHOD, INSERT THE LETTER. IN BRACKETS, WRITE OUT THE WORDS THAT HELPED YOU TO CHOOSE CORRECTLY AND WRITE THE MISSED ENDINGS.
Find and write down the nominal nouns. Indicate in rih the root, ending, base. The wind scattered, the linden sighed and seemed to exhale a million gold coins from itself.leaves. The wind still scattered, rushed with its force, and then all the leaves flew off at once, and remained on the old linden, on its black branches only rare gold coins. So the wind played with the linden, crept up to the cloud, thought. And the cloud splashed, and at once it all dispersed into rain.
write a test word with the word being checked. Find other spellings in words. Explain spellings. Designate spellings. Read all the words in sentences by syllables, remember. Close the book. to the cloud, blew. The cloud splashed and dispersed with rain. After the rain, bright rays burst into the sky. by M Prishvin. Open the book, check what is written. Watch the words sigh and exhale How does the prefix change words?
I opened the box and at first saw nothing, and then I saw a small light green light, as if somewhere far, far away from me, a tinyan asterisk, and at the same time I myself held it now in my hands. - What is it, Mishka, - I said in a whisper, - what is it? - This is a firefly, - said Mishka. - What, good? He's alive, don't worry. - Bear, - I said, - take my dump truck, do you want to? Take forever, forever! And give me this asterisk, I'll take it home ... And Mishka grabbed my dump truck and ran home. And I stayed with my firefly, looked at it, looked and could not get enough of it: how green it is, as if in a fairy tale, and how close it is, in the palm of your hand, but it shines, as if from afar ... And I could not breathe evenly , and I could hear my heart beating, and a little prickle in my nose, as if I wanted to cry. And I sat like that for a long time, a very long time. And there was no one around. And I forgot about everyone in the world. There are three groups of single-root words in this text.
I opened the box and at first I didn’t see anything, and then I saw a small light green light, as if somewhere far, far away from me was burninga tiny star, and at the same time I myself held it in my hands now. - What is it, Mishka, - I said in a whisper, - what is it? - This is a firefly, - said Mishka. - What, good? He's alive, don't worry. - Bear, - I said, - take my dump truck, do you want to? Take forever, forever! And give me this asterisk, I'll take it home ... And Mishka grabbed my dump truck and ran home. And I stayed with my firefly, looked at it, looked and could not get enough of it: how green it is, as if in a fairy tale, and how close it is, in the palm of your hand, but it shines, as if from afar ... And I could not breathe evenly , and I could hear my heart beating, and a little prickle in my nose, as if I wanted to cry. And I sat like that for a long time, a very long time. And there was no one around. And I forgot about everyone in the world. in this text there are three groups of words with the same root, find and write out these words in groups, select the root, find and write out the exclusion verbs in the text, indicate their conjugation and write these verbs in the form of 2 persons singular. and 3 numbers pl. numbers
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The birthplace of bullfinches is the coniferous forests of the northern taiga. In October, they arrive for wintering in our area. Bullfinches stand out sharply against the background of the snow cover with their bright plumage. In winter, birds feed on alder and maple seeds. They are especially attracted to rowan berries. Birds slowly fly in cheerful flocks from mountain ash to mountain ash. On a tree branch, they look like red lanterns. In the spring, the bullfinches will be far away at home. Birds build nests and hatch chicks. Again we will hear their sonorous whistle in the winter forest only at the beginning of winter.
Reference words: flashlights, again, hear.
Fields, meadows, forests are dressed with a fluffy veil. A cautious mouse ran through the deep snow. Traces wind from mink to mink. Their chain led to the river. Sleepy fish swim lazily in the underwater world. It is difficult for them to breathe under the icy crust. The fish swim towards the hole. Crows fly from hole to hole. Fishermen know: if a crow is circling over the river, then trouble has come. People are making new holes. A stream of fresh air bursts under the ice. The fish is saved.
(According to G.S. Sladkov)
Winter covered the town with fluffy snow. There were soft gray days. A bird fell from the top of an old tree. Silvery frost fell. He settled with white dust on a lilac bush. Furnaces crackled in the house. It smelled of birch smoke. Gusts of strong wind carried the smell of smoke into the neighboring grove. A group of women went to the hole for water. Above a steep cliff there is an old gazebo. Her steps were gray with frost. In the morning, Tatyana Petrovna told Vera to take a shovel and clear the path to the gazebo.
(According to K. Paustovsky)
Reference words: cleared.
In winter, on the top of Mount Chuval, herds of deer easily get moss out of the snow. They rip up the snow with their hooves, looking for reindeer moss. Yagel is a beautiful soft moss. It's a shame to walk on it. The trace of a person remains in the reindeer moss for many years. There is a lot of reindeer moss on the mountainside. Among the reindeer moss we saw lingonberries. She seemed especially ripe and juicy in the gray bushes. We ate cranberries. Yagel was left to deer. We went to the hut. She stood on the banks of the Vishera River.
Reference words: reindeer moss, Vishera, remains.
A deer stepped out of the bushes. Nikita extended his hand to the deer. There was salt on the boy's palm. The stag looked at us. A slender doe followed the deer. And then a deer ran out. He licked Nikita's hand. Mom and dad got excited. But the salt beckoned. Soon the whole family was licking Nikita's hand.
I looked around the area. Noisily, a bird flew from tree to tree. Ants crawled along the narrow path. Suddenly, another deer with short antlers appeared from the bushes. I fed him salt for a long time.
(According to Yu. Koval)
Short winter day. Blue dusk crawled out of the forest and hung over the snowdrifts. The snow creaked sharply underfoot. The stars appeared in the sky. The frost was getting stronger. Here is the forester's lodge. The blizzards covered large drifts of snow. The little gatehouse was barely visible. We fired up the stove. The fire burned brightly. We got warm.
Reference words: short, dusk, it has become.
Rare animals are listed in the Red Book. They need protection. This group of animals includes bison, blue whale, polar bear, golden eagle. The blue whale is on the verge of extinction. In Russian waters, its fishing is prohibited. The polar bear is a large predatory animal. He lives in the Arctic. Today there is no more hunting for him. A golden eagle builds a nest on a high rock. He is amazingly handsome. These animals will live on the planet under human protection.
Reference words: in the Red Book, need, belong, is, fishing.
Go into the forest, look around. Amazing plants grow in forests, bloom in May, June. Great luck to admire them in nature. Beautiful flowers are rare. Cutting down the forest, collecting for bouquets leads to their death. In the lake, in the creek, a water chestnut grows. It is listed in the Red Book and is under state protection. It is forbidden to tear it. It is joyful for a person to look at wonderful flowers. Save the places where they are.
Reference words: admire, meet, in the Red Book.
Each of us has a sweet and beloved side. And nature has its favorites. This is Baikal.
My friend and I walked along the shore of a glorious lake. The day was rare. Sun was shining. The air rang. Baikal was clean and quiet. Far away in the sea, stones shimmered with colors. My friend was amazed by the beauty of the lake.
Baikal is beautiful even in winter. The transparent ice cleaned by the winds seems thin. Through it you can see how the water lives and moves. Meanwhile, under the feet of strong ice. It can be over a meter thick.
Here is a miracle of nature!
(According to V. Rasputin)
Reference words: Baikal, of us, is shocked, cleaned, moving through it, thick.
Winter has descended into the taiga. The north wind has blown. Snow sparkled in the sun. The larches stood out brightly on the white tablecloth. At night, high in the sky, a wild goose called. He has strayed from his pack.
The villagers gathered in the street. They peered into the woods on the horizon. Everyone was waiting for the deer to come. The deer is a very smart and kind animal. He feels an unfrozen key under deep snow and bypasses it. The deer easily jumps over the rubble.
Reference words: peered, unfrozen.
(Fairy tale)
The tigress decided to bake a sweet cake. Flour and powdered sugar flew in all directions. A tiger cub sat at the table. The mother looked at him and was surprised. The tiger cub was white and without stripes. The animal ran to look for its lanes. The kid thought he had lost them.
On the street he met a zebra. The tiger cub froze in surprise. What a stripe she is! The tiger cub wept bitterly.
A zebra licked a tiger cub. A dark stripe appeared on the skin. She licked again and again. Stripes flashed one after another on the back. The animal was happy. It's flour and powdered sugar that changed the tiger's coat.
(According to D. Bisset)
Metro was built in Moscow. The soft soil crept. Water ran in streams. Work has stopped. The refrigeration machine came underground. The underground swamp was frozen. The walls of the tunnel became solid. Water did not pass through the walls. So the frost helped build the subway. This method often helped builders in St. Petersburg. Now there is a wonderful metro in the city on the Neva.
(According to M. Sadovsky)
Reference words: tunnel, yes.
The children have been looking forward to a happy holiday for a long time. The end of December has come. A fluffy Christmas tree was brought into the room. The house smelled of resin and freshness. They began to dress up the forest beauty. Firecrackers, flags and other Christmas decorations appeared on the branches. The golden gossamer sparkled. At the top of the Christmas tree, the boys fixed a star. The tree came to life. The room became noisy and cheerful.
Reference words: smelly, noisy.
It got very cold during the night. It was a clear frosty morning. Sparkles, shimmers in the rays of the sun snow. Wonderful snow figures lay down on stumps, branches, branches. A group of Christmas trees clung to an old Christmas tree. They looked like fluffy white animals. Along the edge of the clearing, a red fox is hunting. He listens to see if a mouse squeaked under a bump in a mink. A flock of crossbills sat on the top of the tree. Black grouse flew out of the deep snow. They sat down on a frost-covered birch.
It's cold outside. There was silence in the alleys of the park. Only the old lindens moaned and groaned. The snow crushed them. The lindens shook their frozen branches. They wanted to throw off the snow. A bullfinch perched on a tree. He exposed the red breast and belly. That's how brave he is! People slowed down and smiled. The first bullfinch invites the cold. Frost struck at night.
(According to V. Burlak)
After the thaw, a sharp wind and cold crept up. The snow was covered with a hard crust. It is difficult for birds to get food. Many of them are starving at this time. The bird does not have enough strength to break through the ice sheet.
It is also difficult for partridges. They sleep in snowy underground burrows. The night was frosty. Partridges woke up in the morning. How to get out of the ice captivity? Sometimes they smash their heads on the ice into the blood.
(According to V. Bianchi)
Reference words: ice, thaw, of which, partridges.
A cold dim sun rises in the mist. Asleep winter forest. All living things froze to death. Only sometimes the trees crackle from the frost.
I come to a forest clearing. Behind the clearing is a dense old spruce forest. Large cones hang on the trees. Under their weight, the pines bowed the ends of the branches. All around is quiet. In winter, birdsong is not heard. Many have flown south. Suddenly, as if a cheerful breeze rustled over the frozen forest. It was a flock of thrushes that swept over the clearing.
StatementsA good ball was sent by grandfather to his grandson from Moscow. The ball was tight and shiny. Everything was reflected in it, as in a mirror. All the guys admired the ball, stroked it with their hands. They were eager to play ball.
Alyosha felt sorry for the ball. He put it in a net and hung it over the bed. Every day the boy dusted it off.
And time went on and on. Dry up the ball. The lacquer film on it cracked. Air began to come out. Grandpa arrived. He looked at the ball and shook his head.
The ball lived for a long time, but did not bring joy.
(According to E. Permyak)
1. What gift did Alyosha receive from his grandfather?
2. Why didn't Alyosha play with the ball?
3. What has the ball become over time?
4. Why didn't a beautiful ball bring joy to anyone?
Once we went to the dacha and forgot bread in the buffet. We returned home only a week later. The bread was moldy. I wanted to leave him, but I remembered one incident.
There was a war. Our unit liberated the village. A girl stood at the gate of the house and asked for bread. I took out the soldiers' crackers from the bag and gave it to her. She grabbed them and greedily began to eat.
I felt ashamed at the thought that I wanted to give up bread. I put the piece in my bag and went outside. Near the tree I crumbled bread. A flock of sparrows flew up to him and began to peck. I felt light and calm in my heart.
1. A piece of bread was left in the buffet.
2. The girl asks for bread.
3. Bread is not wasted.
I went hunting. It was deaf in the Siberian forest. Tall pines and cedars surrounded me.
Suddenly, in the clearing, I saw a boy. He was on skis, and a gun and a bag hung over his shoulders.
We started talking. I learned that the boy lives on a small collective farm on the shore of a forest lake. There are only a few houses there. He goes to school through the whole forest to the neighboring collective farm. His mother sent him to live at the school, but he did not want to. After all, they were waiting for him in the collective farm every evening in every house. He brought newspapers and books to everyone.
Here is a little bookseller running with a heavy bag through the forest, through a blizzard. He does not even suspect that for the sake of his true friends - books he makes such a dangerous path.
(According to R. Fraerman)
1. An unexpected meeting in a Siberian forest.
2. Conversation with the boy.
3. For whose sake is such a dangerous journey being made?
The eagle built a nest on the high road and brought out the children. One day people were working near the tree. The eagle flew up to the tree with a fish in its claws. People saw the fish and started throwing stones at the eagle. He dropped the fish. The people took it and left.
The eagle perched on the edge of the nest. The eagles asked for food. The eagle was tired and could not fly. He covered the eagles with his wings and began to caress them. The bird seemed to ask to wait a little. But the chicks began to cry. Then the eagle flew to the sea.
He returned late in the evening. He had a fish in his claws again. The eagle looked around, sat on the edge of the nest and fed the children.
(According to L. Tolstoy)
Reference words: saw, could not wait, he had.
1. The eagle is left without fish.
2. Chicks ask for food.
3. The eagle fed the children.
In autumn, dad brought a large gray onion from the south. He said that she should bring joy to all of us. I was surprised.
Mom planted the onion in a box and put it in a dark place. Many days have passed. We got the box. There was a small sprout there. He got bigger and bigger every day. Here the leaves appeared, and then a thick column. He was all in buds. We moved the box to the window.
Just before the New Year, the flower bloomed. How handsome he was! This is the joy that was hidden in the gray onion.
(According to N. Pavlova)
Reference words: sprout, new year.
1. What surprised the girl?
2. How did the flower grow?
3. What joy was hidden in the gray onion?
Serezha's brother serves on the border. By the coldest sea, he guards our Motherland. The harsh and mighty sea rages day and night. Stone all around.
One day his brother asked Seryozha to send him a spike of wheat. The wheat field began behind the village. Why does a soldier need a spikelet? What does he hide in himself?
Sergei went to the field and plucked a spikelet. He put it in an envelope. In the letter, the boy wrote that the ear grew in the field, which begins behind the house. Seryozha wrote this and immediately guessed why his brother asked for a spikelet.
Reference words: why, which immediately, in itself.
1. Brother serves on the border.
2. Brother's request.
3. The secret is revealed.
In winter, people came to the forest. The saws went off. Axes clattered. Trees began to fall into the thick snow. The mighty spruce found itself alone in a beautiful clearing. Its branches looked like green candles. Summer has come. A tall and slender tree rejoiced in the warmth and sun. It was saturated with rain water. In autumn, heavy cones hung at the ends of its branches. They have ripened seeds. In winter, the old spruce became a nurse for animals and birds.
The buds open in early spring. Light seeds flew. A seed falls into moist soil and germinates. It will give life to another tree.
Reference words: now, in them, it will sprout, open up.
1. One in a forest clearing.
2. Spruce is getting prettier and growing.
3. Spruce gives life to a new tree.
All night the wind whistled and howled in the mountains. In the morning, winter descended from the tops of the mountains. The sun appeared.
I walked slowly along the path. A fox was running along the river bank. The mountain river has not had time to freeze yet. The fox slid along the crust, fell into the snow. She had an amazing tail. It glowed with silver.
I followed the fox trail. Here the fox jumped across the stream, fell into the water. The fox dipped its fluffy tail into the stream. Each hair was covered with an ice cap. Frost silvered his tail. The sorceress-winter cleverly deceived me. She showed me the fabulous beast.
(According to N. Sladkov)
Reference words: fox, cover.
1. Winter has descended from the mountains.
2. Meeting with a fox.
3. The secret is revealed.
There lived a little girl in Moscow. Her father was killed at the border. The girl was sick and could not walk. From the window she could see only a narrow piece of the sky. Arkady Gaidar often visited her. He lived downstairs. Gaidar brought sweets and toys to Marusa and sang songs.
The boys were playing robbers in the yard. Gaidar advised them to play good people. He told the children about Marus, that this family had no relatives.
It's been two months. Gaidar met with the guys again. They told him that they had become friends with Marusya.
(According to B. Emelyanov)
Reference words: again, reported that.
1. There is a sick girl in the house.
2. Arkady Gaidar's advice.
3. Friendship.
It happened in winter. I skied on the lake. Suddenly I heard a bird singing and stopped.
The singing resounded under the ice. I lay down on the ice and hung my head into the dark abyss. The song rang. I hit the ski on the ice. A bird fluttered out of the dark hole. She sat down on the edge of the hole and looked around. A minute later, a ringing under-ice song was heard.
I recognized a dipper - a water sparrow. Olya again darted under the ice.
Under the ice there was neither wind nor frost. Why shouldn't a dipper sing!
Reference words: fluttered, polynya, around, dipper, again, there was neither wind nor frost.
Kostya Morozov got up, washed himself and wanted to do exercises. Suddenly he smelled burning. The boy looked around the rooms, the kitchen, and went out onto the stairs.
Thin wisps of acrid smoke crawled from the neighboring apartment. There was a cry of a child. Kostya ran to the kitchen, grabbed an ax and rushed to the door. Splinters splattered. He kicked the door with a running start, then again began to work with an ax. The door crashed down. Smoke poured into the hallway.
The child was lying on the threshold and crying. Kostya grabbed him and rushed up the stairs to the street.
1. The smell of burning in the apartment.
2. To help the child.
3. The danger has passed.
One night there was a loud scream. I got dressed and ran out on deck. The sailors crowded around a pile of logs. A snake crawled out of it and disappeared.
I ran to the cabin and took the cage. It contained wild and tame mongooses. I released them on deck. The animals darted into the darkness.
Several minutes passed. A wild mongoose appeared. She grabbed the tail of the snake with her sharp teeth and dragged it from the logs. The snake writhed and thrashed. Here is her head. A tame mongoose jumped out. She grabbed the snake's neck. The fight is over. The sailors looked lovingly at the mongoose.
(According to B. Zhitkov)
1. Snake on deck.
2. The mongoose was released from the cage.
3. The snake is defeated.
That was a long time ago. The guys went to the youth circle. Under the guidance of scientists, they developed a new variety of wheat.
The war has begun. The front was approaching the village. The adults went to the front. The children were instructed to preserve valuable varieties of grain.
It was difficult time. Hunger made me think about wheat. You can cook porridge from it, or you can eat it like that. But the guys pushed that thought away. They took care of the grain.
The hard time has passed. They drove the enemy from Russian soil. The saved golden wheat began to sprout in the field.
1. Classes in the junior circle.
2. The front is approaching.
3. Hard time.
4. Wheat is sown.
Once I met a cat on the seashore. She was big, gray, muzzled. The cat saw me, ran to the side, sat down. She began to look at me with evil eyes. She stiffened, froze. Only the tail trembled.
I took out a crust of bread and threw it away. The cat jumped, grabbed the crust and ran into the hole. I met her often. But she wouldn't let me near her.
Once I caught a fish. She ran and sat down. I took out the fish and threw it away. She ate with greed. After that, the cat often began to come to visit.
(According to B. Zhitkov)
1. Meeting with a cat.
2. The cat is tamed.
3. The cat comes to visit.
The guys caught a squirrel in a hazel tree on the shore of the lake. They were delighted with a beautiful animal with a fluffy tail, curious eyes and nimble paws. The boys tidied up the old squirrel cage. They made a bed of leaves, put a saucer of milk, put nuts.
The guys thought that they made the squirrel happy. And the animal did not begin to settle in its house. The squirrel sat sadly in the corner and squealed plaintively. She did not touch the food. The children were surprised.
The boys decided to take the squirrel back to the hazel tree. There she came to life. The animal easily and swiftly rushed from branch to branch.
Reference words: rejoiced, again, curious, squirrels, laid down, sadly, touched, swiftly.
1. The boys caught a squirrel.
2. The animal is sad in captivity.
3. The squirrel is free again.
The wind came up. Linden sighed and millions of leaves fell down. Only rare gold coins remained on the dark branches.
The wind played with the linden and crept up to the cloud. A cloud of rain fell. But then bright rays escaped. Wet forests and fields sparkled.
Red leaves were covered with mushrooms. I went to my favorite meadow. There I scored mushrooms, boletus. These were the last mushrooms.
Winter is coming soon.
(According to M. Prishvin)
1. Lipa sighed.
2. Wind and cloud.
3. The last mushrooms.
Reference words: coins, come up.
Snow. Thick snow covered the ground. Pine trees were built under its weight. Smells, bright colors, sounds disappeared in the forest.
From the bushes, a robin flew out. With the onset of cold weather, the fear of humans disappears in birds. In the very cold, wintering golden robins take food from any feeders. They also fly into the hallways.
A robin cannot live in a cage. She stubbornly refuses to eat and drink, beats against the bars. A few hours later, the bird dies. A branch is more valuable to a bird than a golden cage.
1. Winter forest.
2. Life of birds in winter.
3. Dawn in a cage.
Reference words: wrapped up, disappear, dawns, take, refuses, beats, several.
Second semester
1–2 grades
dictationsA bathhouse attendant, a bird-keeper, an honors student, a concrete worker, a greengrocer, a drummer, a lamplighter, and a welder sailed on a sunny day on a river steamboat. My daughter had a habit of losing a pen, a ring, buckwheat, a sheep and a bug. A night butterfly nurses a chick.
Charming hedgehogs in the silence of the thicket hiss at the cones. The mice decided to sew a turban for a seagull. A bird is carrying a thorn in a wheelbarrow. Natasha and Grisha are having tea. Our little ones are looking for gloves and pencils.
Snow flakes fall softly to the ground. The kids are playing in the yard. The pond and the river are covered with ice. Olga goes to the skating rink. Uncle Yasha teaches all the guys to skate.
Reference words: ride.
A gloomy autumn has passed. Snowflakes swirled cheerfully in the air. They covered the whole earth. Juicy berries hung on the mountain ash. A flock of thrushes flew up to the tree. Good bird food!
In winter I went skiing. Fluffy snow in the forest lay on branches and branches. The woodpecker thumped loudly. From under the bark of a tree, he took out a bug. There was a hole under the spruce. Who lives there?
Reference words: from under.
