Scout Marseille
Balakhna - the Volga city of the Nizhny Novgorod province at the beginning of the 18th century became the center of shipbuilding. At its shipyards, very strong seaworthy ships, scouts, were built, which were intended for the transportation of fish products and other cargoes on the Caspian Sea. building material pine, spruce forest and partly Persian oak (temir-agach), or "iron tree" served for the shouts. Iron bolts and wooden dowels were used to fasten the details of the ship's set, and longitudinal bars more than 30 cm thick and 40 cm wide, which sheathed its flat bottom, were connected to each other with iron brackets. This construction technology gave the scouts increased strength and durability: they served 20-25 years. The ship was saddle, clumsy and rolled on a wave. Its deck was laid from boards 6-7 cm thick. Under the poop there was a cabin for the pilot, and behind the mainmast there was a spacious kitchen with a Russian brick oven. The main dimensions of the topsail scout: length 24.5-46 m, width 7-11.3 m, hold depth - 3.7-5.2 m, draft with cargo 3.6-4.9 m, carrying capacity 250-500 tons Crew 12-18 people. There were two or three anchors on the scout, weighing from 400 kg to 1 ton, the length of the anchor hemp ropes was 200-250 m. The rudder was driven by a tiller by means of tillers. On these ships, as a rule, fore and main masts were installed, but with a hull length of more than 27.5 m, another one was installed - the rear, or cruise mast. The two-masted scouts had brig sailing rigging, while the three-masted ones had corvette ones.
Scout Cruyselny
Cruising scouts were other fishing vessels that were built in the city of Balakhna for the Caspian Sea. Their design and method of construction are similar to the design and construction technology of the topsail scout. The difference was in dimensions and sailing weapons. The cruising shkout had a deck length of 17 - 24 m, a width of 5-6.7 m, a hold depth of 3.4-4.6 m and a cargo capacity of 120 - 250 tons. The first mast was called a large one, and the rear mast was called a cruise mast. It was much shorter than the front. The masts were made up of two trees, which were connected along the length with iron yokes. Both masts had a gaff. A trisel sail, called a mainsail, was attached to the gaff of a large mast. A mizzen sail was tied to a mizzen gaff. The bowsprit was one-piece, without a jib. The largest sail - the top - was tied to the top yard. A bram-top rose from above the sail of the top. The ray, to which this sail was attached, was called the bram-top ray. Ahead of the large mast were slanting sails: a fore staysail and two jibs. The cruise mast had two yards: the lower one was the cruise ray and the upper one was the cruise bram ray. These yards were installed for decoration, there were no sails on them. Two anchors weighing 250 and 750 kg with a hemp rope 200-250 m long provided a reliable anchorage. The crew of the ship is 10-14 people.
Frigate Shtandart
The Northern War already in the initial period convinced Peter I that it was impossible to achieve the conquest of the coast of the Baltic Sea with the help of one, even a well-trained army. It was decided to start building the fleet. March 24 (April 4), 1703 at the Olonets shipyard on the Svir River, the Amsterdam shipbuilder Vybe Gerens laid down the first Russian warship Baltic Fleet- frigate. Its length is 27.5 m, width 7.3 m, average draft 2.7 m. Crew 120 people. On a closed deck, forecastle and poop, the ship carried 28 guns: 8-, 6- and 3-pounders.
On May 1 (12), 1703, Russian troops stormed the Swedish fortress of Nyenschantz, located near the mouth of the Neva. The path to the Baltic Sea was free. In connection with this event, changes were made to the royal standard: the double-headed eagle now held in its paws and beaks not three, but four maps with the outlines of the White, Caspian, Azov and Baltic seas. Launched at the end of August 1703, the frigate received the name "Standart", and on September 8 (19) of the same year, a new standard was raised on its main-bram-topmast. The ship under the command of Captain Peter Mikhailov (Peter I) crossed Lake Ladoga at the head of seven newly built ships and anchored in the roadstead of the Shlisselburg fortress. He subsequently accepted Active participation in the Northern War. The Shtandart frigate was part of the Russian fleet for more than 25 years.
Half galley (scampaway)
Galley - a wooden rowing vessel, created by the Venetians in the 7th century, appeared in Russia under Peter I. When the Turkish fortress of Azov was captured on June 19 (29), 1696, 23 two-masted galleys built "according to the Dutch model" participated in the Russian fleet. The construction of galleys for the Baltic Fleet began at the Olonets shipyard founded in 1703, and since 1712 - at the shipyard in St. Petersburg. Taking into account the specific features of the Baltic theater of operations (skerries, shallow water, unstable winds), Peter I created a skerry rowing fleet, which was based on semi-galleys, or scampavees (Italian sampare - disappear and via - away). They had a length of 36.6-39.6 m, a width of 4.8-5.5 m and a small draft. These ships were one- and two-masted, with oblique sails, had up to 18 pairs of oars and could accommodate up to 200 people. Their armament consisted of three to six 12-pound guns and 16-20 basses (1-2-pound falconets). Domestic galleys and scampaways were better suited for operations in coastal areas than large Swedish ones. sailing ships. On July 27 (August 7), 1714, the Russian fleet, consisting of 99 galleys and semi-galleys under the command of Admiral General Count F. M. Apraksin (Peter 1 commanded the vanguard), won the first major naval victory over the Swedes in the Battle of Gangut, and on July 27 (7 August) 1720, 66 rowing ships under the command of General M. M. Golitsyn won an equally glorious victory near about. Grengam.
Galley "Dvina"
The Dvina galley is the only 25-can (50-oared) three-masted ship in the Russian fleet. It was built according to the "Venetian style" by the ship's apprentice I. Kalubnev under the supervision of the Venetian galley master Francesco Diponti, invited to Russia in early 1720. The ship received its name when it was launched on May 16 (27), 1721 in St. Petersburg at the Galernaya Shipyard. The dimensions of the Dvina are not indicated in any of the documents, and its drawings have not been preserved. Judging by the measurements of the model, the galley had a maximum length of 48.46 m and a maximum width with posts of 9.6 m. Artillery armament consisted of one 24-pounder gun, two 12-pounders and twelve 3-pounders on the sides - a total of 15 guns.
The rowers for the galley were assigned soldiers of the Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky regiments. 5-6 soldiers rowed with each oar, therefore, there were 250-300 rowers on the ship. Oar length 13.2 m, Weight 94 kg.
The Dvina did not participate in the hostilities, but every year for several years it went to the Gulf of Finland for practical navigation.
Model of a galley, apparently made in early XIX century, located in the Central naval museum in St. Petersburg.
Battleship "Ingermanland"
The design and drawings of the two-deck 64-gun battleship Ingermanland were developed by Peter I. The construction was carried out under the guidance of the talented master R. Kozeits. On May 1 (12), 1715, the ship was launched. The name was given to him by the Swedish name of the Izhora land of Ingermanland. It was one of the best ships of its time. Its length is 46 m, width 12.8 m, average draft 5.5 m. It had improved sailing equipment, for the first time in domestic practice sails of the third tier appeared on its high fore and main masts - bramsels. The ship was distinguished by good seaworthiness and had powerful artillery weapons for those times. On the lower deck (gon-deck) were twenty-four 30-pound guns, on the upper (oper deck) - the same number of 16-pound guns, fourteen 14-pound guns on the quarterdeck, and two 2-pound guns on the tank (forcastel). For a number of years, Ingermanland remained the flagship of the Baltic Fleet. Participating in the campaigns of 1715, 1718, 1719 and 1721, he sailed under the flag of Vice Admiral Peter Mikhailov (Peter I), and in the campaign of 1716 under the standard of the sovereign, who commanded the united Anglo-Dutch-Danish-Russian fleet in the war with Sweden. "Ingermanland" was the favorite brainchild of Peter I. The Tsar ordered "to keep the ship for memory", but in 1735, while in the eternal parking lot in the Kronstadt harbor, "Ingermanland" sank during a severe flood.
Packet boat "St. Peter"
By the end of the summer of 1740, in Okhotsk, under the guidance of shipbuilders Kozmin and Rogachev, two packet boats were built - “St. Peter" and "St. Pavel", which were intended for research of the northern part Pacific Ocean under the program of the Great Northern, or Second Kamchatka, expedition. These were fourteen-gun, single-deck, two-masted ships with brig sailing equipment and good seaworthiness. The length of the packet boat is 24.4 m, the width is 6.7 m, the draft is 2.9 m, the displacement is more than 200 tons, the crew is 75 people.
In early September, the ships set sail. On the flagship packet ship "St. Peter” was the head of the expedition commander V. Bering. "St. Pavel” was commanded by an experienced sailor, Lieutenant A. Chirikov. In October, the expedition arrived in Avacha Bay and stopped for the winter in the bay, which Bering named Petropavlovskaya in honor of the packet boats. Later, the city founded here was named Petropavlovsk.
In June 1741, ships headed southeast to look for the shores of America. During the storm, they lost each other and then acted separately. A. Chirikov became the discoverer of the Northwest coast of America and the Aleutian Islands. In October, his packet boat returned safely to Avacha Bay. "St. Peter" on the way back to Kamchatka came to an unknown island (now Bering Island). Here, on December 8 (19), 1741, V. Bering died. When approaching the island, the packet boat received heavy damage and was dismantled. From its parts, the crew built a small ship, on which in the summer of 1742, they reached Kamchatka.
Battleship "Evstafiy"
The ship was built in 1762 at the shipyard of the Main Admiralty in St. Petersburg by shipbuilder Ulf. Its length is 47.5 m, width 14.5 m, hold depth 5.8 m, armament was sixty-six 36- and 18-pound guns.
In mid-July 1769, a Russian squadron under the command of Admiral G. A. Spiridov (1st Archipelago expedition) left Kronstadt for the Mediterranean Sea. The admiral held his flag on the Eustathia. On June 24 (July 5), 1770, the squadron discovered the main forces in the Chios Strait (in the Aegean Sea). Turkish fleet and on the move, in a wake column from a short distance (50-70 m) attacked his vanguard and part of the center. The Evstafiy was in the hottest fire: during a desperate boarding battle, a fire broke out on the Turkish flagship Real Mustafa, and its burning main mast fell on the Russian flagship. When Spiridov was convinced that it was impossible to save the Eustathius, he transferred his flag to battleship"Three Saints" Soon, "Evstafiy" exploded, and after him flew into the air and "Real-Mustafa". The explosion of both ships and the heavy fire of the Russian naval artillery caused panic on the enemy ships. They hastily and in disarray retreated to the Chesme Bay, where they were blocked by the Russian squadron. At the military council on June 25 (July 6) with the commander-in-chief of the Russian naval and ground forces in the Archipelago (in the Ionian Sea) of Count A. G. Orlov, G. A. Spiridov’s plan was adopted to destroy Turkish ships with a combined strike of naval artillery and firewalls.
Battleship "Three Hierarchs"
The battleship "Three Hierarchs" was built in 1766 in St. Petersburg at the shipyard of the Main Admiralty according to the project of an experienced ship engineer Lambe Yames and named after the bishops-theologians of the first centuries of the era of Christianity Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, John Chrysostom. Vessel length 47.4 m, width 12.5 m, hold depth 5.5 m. The armament consisted of sixty-six cannons. The perfect forms of the ship's hull harmoniously combined with beautiful decor. The figurehead was a warrior in Roman robes. The stern was decorated with a composition of four figures of nymphs and caryatids, interconnected by curls of an intricate ornament. The entire elegant high relief was gilded and looked good against the background of the blue lattice of the balcony. During Russian-Turkish war 1768-1774, the ship as part of the squadron of Admiral G. A. Spiridov participated in the Chios, and then in the Chesme naval battles on June 24-26 (July 5-7), 1770. Under the command of the captain of the brigadier rank S.K. Greig, he fearlessly fought at a very close distance from the enemy and inflicted significant damage on him, although he himself received serious damage. On the ship of the "Three Hierarchs" the Kaiser-flag was held by the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian naval and land forces in the Archipelago, General-in-Chief Count A. G. Orlov, who received the title of Chesmensky for an unprecedented victory in the Chesme battle. S.K. Greig was given the rank of Rear Admiral.
To the begining
Continuation
Galleys are large rowboats with one row of oars. The name "galley" comes from the Greek word for "swordfish". The length of the oars of the galleys ranged from 9 to m, and the number of rowers at the oars reached 5-7 people. The speed under the oars at the galleys reached 7 knots. 1alera carried 2-3 mach
you (in some cases - 4 masts) with oblique or straight sails.
In the Russian fleet of the XVIII and. large rowing vessels were called galleys, semi-galleys and scampaways. There were no fundamental differences between these vessels. A number of authors believe that the scampaways and semi-galleys were smaller than the galleys. In fact, the documents mention scampaways that are larger than galleys. In various documents of the time of Peter the Great, the same ship was often called either a galley or a scampaway. Therefore, the best historian of the Russian fleet F.F. Veselago combined them together in his handbook26.
The first 13 scampaways (according to other sources - semi-galleys) were laid in October 1703 at the Olonets shipyard.
Since 1711 galleys are being built in Vyborg, since 1720 - in St. Petersburg, and since 1720 - in Abo. In total, over 200 galleys, semi-galleys and scampaways were built in the Baltic during the war. Accurate records were not kept, and even the names of most of the galleys have not come down to us, not to mention their tactical and technical characteristics.
Russian galleys (skampaveys, semi-galleys) were built of three types - French, Venetian and Turkish "maniru". Most of the galleys were "Turkish Maniru". Turkish galleys were distinguished by high speed and maneuverability, but worse seaworthiness, since they had low sides. In fresh weather in the Baltic, galleys of the "Turkish maniru" were not recommended to go. Only in the autumn of 1714, 16 galleys (skampavey) of the “Turkish mapiru” sank in a storm.
The galleys of the "Turkish Maniru" were keel ships with a long and narrow hull, which had a slight elevation above the water level. In front, they had a slightly raised nasal protrusion, resembling a battering ram. He was called a spy. Attached to it was the front end of the yard (ripe), which held the sail of the trin ket (fore) mast of the galley. Behind the spier in the bow of the galleys there was a platform on which guns of the largest calibers were placed. The most powerful weapon was in the center. In the middle of the galley, from bow to stern, there was another platform - the so-called cursheya, which served to quickly move people along the galley and drag cargo. It was covered with two tar tarpaulins. From the bow to the aft superstructure, to the left and to the right of the kurshey platform there were rowers' benches, called banks. At the stern there was a cabin superstructure, formed by wooden beams or arcs, over which a tent was stretched - a tendalet.
In 1710-1721. in Russia, 16-, 18- and 19-can galleys of the Turkish proportion were built. Their length was 30 m, and the width was 5.3-5.6 m. Draft without cargo was 0.56-0.66 m, with cargo - 1.22-1.52 m.
The main engine of the galley was the oars. Their weight reached 90 kg, and their length was 13 m. From 3 to rowers sat behind each oar, depending on the size of the galley. Experienced rowers made up to 25 strokes per minute, which allowed them to reach speeds of up to 6 knots.
The galleys also sailed relatively well. They usually carried two masts with slanting sails.
Due to their design features, the galleys could not have powerful artillery weapons. Only on the bow of the galley (on the platform) were installed from t-three guns of medium or large caliber. The first Russian galleys had one 18-pounder or 24-pounder gun on the bow and two 12-pounder guns on the sides of it, and semi-galleys - one 12-pounder and two 6- or 8-pounder guns. By the end of the war, some large galleys had one 36-pounder and two
18 pounder guns. In some cases, small mortars of 3-6 pounds caliber were placed on the nasal platform.
On the platform in the middle part of the hull, 2-pounder and 3-pounder guns were placed on galleys on swivel mounts. The two-pounder guns on the galleys were often referred to as basses. The cannons on the central platform were intended not only for shooting at the enemy, but also for suppressing rowers' riots.
The first volume of the History of Domestic Shipbuilding says: “Thus, all eight galleys built according to the program of 1703 were powerful warships and posed a serious threat to the Swedish fleet”27. There is no need to comment on this passage. The weakest Swedish ship (50-gun) could smash a dozen of the largest galleys to smithereens.
Only small sailing ships could become prey for galleys, and with a large number of galleys, a pram or a frigate. Attacking galleys, when approaching an enemy ship, fired a volley from bow guns. Then, from the ends of the yards of both masts, special “attack anchors” were dropped, with which the galley was coupled with an enemy ship, and the galley team landed on the deck of the enemy. However, as we will see, during the entire war with the Swedes, galleys boarded in isolated cases. In our Baltic Fleet, galleys were mainly used as troop transports and landing craft.
IN Ottoman Empire, France, Venice, Sweden and other states rowers were usually convicts. By the way, the word convict comes from the name of the rowing vessel "penal servitude". At first, it was so on the first Russian galleys. So, in November 1704, Rear Admiral Boiis compiled a list of all the ranks needed to equip the galleys with teams. According to this list, each galley should have 70 officers, sergeants, sailors and gunners, 150 soldiers of boarding teams and 250 rowing slaves. But it soon became clear that hundreds of galleys would require tens of thousands of convicts. In battle, convicts pose a certain danger - at any moment they can start a riot or simply stop rowing. Therefore, Peter decided to replace the convicts with soldiers of infantry regiments.
Slaves in the galleys spent the night between the banks, as they say, in the workplace. Peter's soldiers spent the night like this only in exceptional cases. Russian galleys rarely went to the open sea, but usually moved among the Finnish skerries, where they were inaccessible to the Swedish naval fleet. Therefore, in the evening, the galleys landed on the shore, and most of the crew members spent the night on the shore.
In April 1714, in St. Petersburg, at the Galley Shipyard, the first three horse-drawn galleys (scampaways) in Russia were launched28. Each such galley was intended for the day of transportation of 25 horses. In the evenings or at daytime camps, the horses were let out to graze on the shore.
Thanks to Finland's rugged coastline, difficult terrain, and poor roads, galleys have become optimal remedy troop transfers.
In the reign of Catherine II, there were 5 rowers per oar on 25-jar galleys, 5 rowers on 22-jar galleys, 4 oarsmen on 20- and 16-jar galleys. There are only 160-200 rowers on 20-jar galleys, 128 rowers on 16-jar galleys.
13 scampaways. The length along the keel is 17.4 m, along the deck - 22 m. The width is 3.1 m. The draft is 0.76 m. According to other sources, these are semi-galleys. 1 mast. 10-12 beams. Laid down in October 1703 at the Olonets shipyard, launched in 1704. Builder Ya. Kol.
St. Peter type galleys (7 units). 16 cans. Length 35-39.2 m. Width 4.9 m. Draft 1.1 m. 2 masts. Built at the Olonets shipyard.
"St. Peter". 19 guns. Laid down July 1703, launched May 21, 1704 Dismantled until 1710
"Golden Eagle". 19 guns. Laid down October 1703, launched June 10, 1704. Broken down until 1710.
Saint Theodore Stratilat. 19 guns. Laid down 21 September 1703, launched June 1704. Broken up at Vyborg in 1711.
"Alexander the Great". 19 guns. Laid down 21 September 1703, launched July 1704. Broken up at Vyborg in 1711.
"Hope". 18 guns. Laid down on December 3, 1703, launched on May 24, 1705. Broken up at Vyborg in 1711.
"Love". 18 guns. Laid down on October 1, 1703, launched on May 29, 1705. Broken up at Vyborg in 1711.
"Faith". 18 guns. Laid down 22 October 1704, launched 17 July 1705
"Natalia". 21 banks. Length 53.64 m. Width at the bottom 3.66 m, at the top - 7.62 m. Draft 2.59 m. Laid down on February 8, 1708 at the Olonets shipyard. Builder
N. Muts.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 12 basses on swivels.
Tina galleys "Saint Anna" ("Saint Anna", "Saint Alexander", "Saint Theodore Stratilat"). 20 cans. Laid down in the city at the Vyborg shipyard, launched in the town of Yu.A. Rusinov. Armament: 1-12-lb cannon, 2-6-lb
guns. scampaway. Laid down in 1710 at the Vyborg shipyard, launched in 1711.
weapons: 1-6-foot gun, 2-3-foot gun, falconet. Builder Yu.A. Rusinov.
50 scampaways. Laid down in October at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, lowered in April - May 1713. Builder Yu.A. Rusinov.
Including: Anshtura, Bardun, Brongo, Gaui, Gorishcha, Gota, Asp, Carp, Crabbs, Lomi, Moklets, Ritsa, Rumba, Desk, Post. scampaway[*]. Laid down in September at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in April 1714. Builder Yu.A. Rusinov. scapaway*. Laid down on June 6, 1713 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in April 1714. Builder N. Muts. large semi-galley *. Laid down in October 1713 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in May 1714. Builder Yu.A. Rusinov.
"Walfisch" ("Kit" - Swiss). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gangut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in memory of the Gashug victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it had almost completely rotted away and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
"Gsden" ("Pike" - sw). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gangut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in memory of the Gangut victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it had almost completely rotted away and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
"Gripep" ("Griffin" - Swiss). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gapgut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in memory of the Gashug victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it had almost completely rotted away and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
Armament: 2-6-lb and 10-3-lb cannons.
"Lakssn" ("Salmon" - Swiss). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gangut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in memory of the Gangut victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it almost completely rotted away and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
Armament: 2-6-lb and 10-3-lb cannons.
"Ladder" ("Gray Crane" - Swiss). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gangut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in memory of the Gangut victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it was almost completely rotten and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
"Ern" ("Eagle" - it.). Former Swedish galley, captured during the Gangut battle on July 27, 1714. It was kept in a map of the Gangut victory on the shore in the Kronverk harbor. By 1742, it had almost completely rotted away and, by order of the Admiralty Board of August 27, 1742, it was dismantled.
Armament: 2-36-lb and 14-3-lb cannons. large semi-galleys[†]. Laid down in October 1714 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in April 1715. Builder Yu.A. Rusinov. small semi-galleys*. Laid down in October 1714 at the Galley Yard in S.-Ilcterburg, launched in May 1715 large semi-galleys*. Laid down in October 1715 in October 1714 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in May 1716 of small semi-galleys. Laid down on October 11, 1715 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, lowered in April - May 1716
The documents contain the names of semi-galleys built in 1716 in St. Petersburg: “Anguzhiguli”, “Bavulo”, “Banana”, “Vyrezub”, “Dungelo”, “Boar”, “Kanorotsul”, “Spoonbill”, “Lobra”, "Salmon", "Sucker", "Minulo", "Walrus", "Neva", "Sturgeon", "Gudgeon", "Rayna", "Sevruga", "Nightingale", "Sterlet", "Hornus", "Sherssh - yyor", "Eht".
20 galleys. Laid down in 1716 at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, lowered in 1717
Including: Anstiza, Dolphin, Kolomar, Columba, Laust, Raza, Svoilo, Seine, Skobra, Folio, Shubra.
Galleys "Bagulya", "Dove", "Zuy", "Canary", "Langvila", "Eagle", "Cod", "Ferix". Laid down at the Galley Yard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1719
20 galleys. Laid down at the Galerny Yard and St. Petersburg, launched in 1720
Including: "Victoria", "Garbora", "Constance", "Permanence", "Salmon", "Goldfinch". horse galleys. Laid down in Abo, launched in 1720
The documents contain the names of horse galleys built in 1720: "Crow", "Tip", "Laruzet", "Mushula", "Pasarim", "Pina", "Kestrel", "Repolov", "Jay", "Pike perch" , "Duck".
Horse galleys were designed to transport horses.
"Dvina". 15 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 9.6 m. 3 masts. Built in St. Petersburg in 1721 according to the "Venetian style".
"Neva". 15 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 9.6 m. 3 masts. Built in St. Petersburg in 1721 according to the "Venetian style".
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Shallow". 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Broken in 1729 in the Galley Port.
"Vistula". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Pronya". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Tosna". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721 Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Slav". 7 guns. 20 cans. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Ladoga", 7 guns. 20 cans. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Izhora". 7 guns. 20 cans. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Onega". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 machgy. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled in the Galley Port in 1729
Armament: I-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Falcon". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 2-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Ohta". 7 guns. 22 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
Volga. 7 guns. 23 banks. 2 masts. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1721. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1729.
"Finch" 2 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1721
"Pike". 4 guns. 21 banks. Horse. Launched in 1721
"Tap". 2 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1721
"Heat". 2 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1721
"TURukhtan". 2 guns. 16 cans. Horse. Launched in 1721
"Pelican". 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Broken up at the Galley Port in 1744.
"Swan". 2 banks. Horse. Launched in 1726. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1738.
"Mercury". 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Broken up at the Galley Port in 1745.
"Ostrich". 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1738.
"Lufer". 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1738.
"Natalia"; 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Dismantled at the Galley Port in 1738.
"St Nicholas". 20 cans. Launched in 1726. Dismantled at the Galley Port in
"Walfish". 20 cans. Launched in the city. Disassembled in the Galley port in 1738.
"Dolphin". 20 cans. Launched in the city. Dismantled in the Galley port in 1754.
"Parrot". 16 cans. Launched in the city (Skh. 116)
"Lurik". 16 cans. Launched in 1726
"Hawk". 16 cans. Launched in 1726
"Good". 23 banks. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in 1746.
"Glorious". 23 banks. Launched in the town of Razloman in the Galley port in 1746
"Light". 23 banks. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738.
"Cheerful". 20 cans. Koinia5i. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in n Designed for 20 horses.
"Hope". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in n Designed for 20 horses.
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets. />"Flying". 20 bucks. Horse. Launched in 1727 Broken in the Galley port in the city. Designed for 20 horses.
Armament: 2-12-fi guns, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Cunning". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in 1746.
"Trinity". 20 cans. Launched in the city of Razloman in the Galley port in 1744.
"Ambulance". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in 1746.
"Good". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley Port in 1736.
"Fast". 20 cans. Launched in the city of Razloman in the Galley port in 1738
"Easy". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738.
"Bold". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley Port in 1736.
"Cheerful". 20 cans. Launched in 1727 Broken in the Galley port in 1744
"Angry". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in 1746.
"Acute". 20 cans. Launched in 1727. Broken in the Galley port in 1746.
"Goose". 24 banks. Launched in 1728
"Nightingale". 22 banks. Launched in Razloma! ha in the Galley port in 1746
"Salmon". 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1746.
"Bochan". 20 cans Launched in 1728 Broken in the Galley Port in 1746
Zui. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1746.
"Zander". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1739
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Mishula". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Piebald". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Duck". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in the city. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Flying". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets
"Raven". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Solovaya". 20 cans. Horse. Launched in 1728. Designed for 20 horses. Broken in the Galley Port in 1738
Armament: 2-12-lb cannons, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Pigali". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1746.
"Anchovy". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1746.
"Pessaries". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728 Broken in the Galley port in 1746
"Dvina". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728 Broken in the Galley port in 1746
"Dandy". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728 Broken in the Galley port and 1746
"Pigeon". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched and 1728 Crashed 1743
"Repolov". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1746.
"Lavalacty". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1749.
"Coccyx". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1739.
"Jay". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Vistula". 13 guns. 20 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Pizza". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Heat". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Gyrbora". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Eagle". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1739.
"Phoenix". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Saiga". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Constance". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley Port in 1739.
"Bagul". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Izhora". And guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Fira". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Cod". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Pike". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched at Razloman in the Galley Port in 1738.
"Falcon". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Pronya". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Laruzet". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Magpie". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Langvila". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1728 Broken in the Galley port in 1739
Volga. 13 guns. 22 banks. Launched in 1729 by Raapoman in the Galley port in 1754.
"Victoria". 13 guns. 22 banks. Launched in 1729
"Slav". 13 guns. 22 banks. Launched in 1729
"Kestrel". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729. In 1743 she crashed in Berezovy Zund.
"Crocodile". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729. In 1743 she crashed in Berezovy Zund.
"Sterlet". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in 1738
"Cancer". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in the city of Razloman in the Galley port in 1738
"Turtle". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in 1738
"TURukhtan". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in 1738
"Sturgeon". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Beluga". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in 1738
"Tap". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Fox". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"The Dragon". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1729 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Bream". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in the town of Razloman in the Galley port in 1739.
"Neva". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1730 Broken in the Galley port in 1750
"Ladoga". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1730. In 1747 she was thrown ashore by a storm, where she was later taken apart.
"Onega". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1730. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1748.
"Ohta". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1730
"Tosna". 11 guns. 16 cans. Launched in 1730. Crashed near Friedrichsham in 1742.
"Beluga". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in September 1732. Broken in Friedrichsham in 1754.
"Snigil". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in September 1732. Broken in Friedrichsham in 1748.
"Karas". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in September 1732. Broken in the Galley Port in 1753.
"Lark". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched
on September 3, 1732 Broken in the Galley Port in 1750
"Finch". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in September 1732. Broken in Friedrichsgamev in 1748.
"Comet". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1733. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Planet". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1733
"Trout". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1734
"Ostrich". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1738. Broken in the Galley Port in 1753.
"The Dragon". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1738. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Walfish". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Ilmen". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Revel in 1752
"Sturgeon". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in the town of Razloman in the Galley port in 1753.
"Sterlet". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Dnieper". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched and Mr. Razloman in the Galley port in 1753.
"Don". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched and crashed in 1743
"Pike". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in Razlomana in Friedrichsham in 1751
"Bream". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched at Razloman in the Galley Port in 1753.
"Oka". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in the town of Razloman in the Galley port in 1753.
"Narova". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739. Crashed at Friedrichsham in 1743.
"Cancer". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Horse. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Spuaden in 1739 Broken in the Galley Port in 1762
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 2-3-lb falconet.
"Izhora". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Friedrichsgam in the city of
"Invincible". 16 cans. Length m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Launched in 1739. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1755
"Happy". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched 1739. Exploded in 1742 campaign.
"Cheerful". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739
"Bold". 16 cans. Length 30 „5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Friedrichsgam in the city of
"Faithful". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Friedrichsgam in the city of
"Fast". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739. Broken in the Galley Port in 1750.
"Cheerful". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739. Crashed near Berezovye Islands in 1743.
"Easy". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739. Broken in the Galerny north in the city of
"Reliable". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Friedrichsgam in the city of
"Eagle". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1739 Broken in Revel in 1752
"Unicorn". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740 Broken in Revel in 1752
"Chamois". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740 Broken in Revel in 1751
"Elan". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740
"Bucephalus". 16 cans. Horse. Length m. Width 8.23 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740. Crashed in 1742 near Helsingfors.
"Pegasus". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740 Broken in Revel in 1752
"Sea Horse". 16 cans. Length m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1740. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1758.
"Lofer". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1741 Broken in Reval in 1753
"Phoenix". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1741. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1754.
"Canary". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched » 1741 Broken at Memel in 1754
"Saiga". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1741
"Constance". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1741 Broken in the Galley port in 1753
"Flying". 16 cans. Length 30.5 m. Width 5.3 m. Draft 1.3 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1741 Broken in Reval in 1753
"Heat". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742 Broken in Memel in 1762 /> "Kopchik". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742
"Jay". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742
"Industrial". 20 cans. Length m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742. Broken in the Galley Port in 1754.
"Mining". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742 Broken in the Galley Port in 1756
"Remote". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1742 Broken in Revel in 1750
"Zander". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1756.
"Raven". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Solovaya". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Falcon". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743 Broken in Libau in 1759
"St Nicholas". 20 cans. Length of m. Shirim 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched 1743. Crashed 1743.
"Pigeon". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Mishula". 20 cans. Length 37.2 m. Width 6.25 m. Draft 1.7 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Turtle". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743. Broken up at Friedrichsham in
"TURukhtan". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Harbour". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"Bagul". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743:
"Cod". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743 Broken in Revel in 1753
"Pronya". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1743
"World". 16 cans. Horse. Laid down at the shipyard in Abo, launched in 1743. Broken in Memelev in 1759.
"Finland". 16 cans. Horse. Laid down at the shipyard in Abo, launched in 1743. Broken in Memel in 1759.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Stone River". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in August 1743 Broken at Reval in 1759
Friedrichsham. 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in August 1743 - Broken in Revel in the city of
"Vilmaistrand". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in August 1743 Broken in Reval in the city of
"Nashlot". 16 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in August 1743 Broken at Revel in 1753
"Good". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in August 1743 Broken at Revel in 1760
"Mercury". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Spuschs - on in 1747 Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Cunning". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1747
"Pelican". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1747 Broken in Revel in 1760
"Glorious". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1747 Broken in Revel in 1760
"Duck". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in Razloman in Reval in 1760
"Fira". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in Razloman in Reval in 1760
"Russia". 35 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1746 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. The construction was completed in 1748, but until 1762 it remained on the slipway. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Light". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1748. Broken in the Galley port in the city of
"Cheerful". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Reval in 1760
"Ambulance". 20 cans. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Broken in the Galley Port in 1762.
"Dvina". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1759
"Cheerful". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Libava in 1759
"St Nicholas". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1759
"Natalia". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in L749. Razloman in Libau in 1759.
"Don". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Broken in the Galley Port in 1762.
"Crocodile". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749
"Ladoga". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Broken in the Galley Port in 1762.
"Goose". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Broken in the Galley Port in 1762.
"Good". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749
Zui. 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1759
"Anchovy". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1759
"Bucephalus". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Razloman in Libava in 1759
"Swan". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Libau in 1759
"Acute". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Libava in 1759
"Fox". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1761
"Sea Horse". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1759.
"Pigeon". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749
"Bochan". 16 cans. Laid down in 1748 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Libava in 1759
"Narova". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken in Libava in 1760
"Hope". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749 Broken at Memel in 1759
"Reliable". 22 cans Laid down in the city at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1749. Crashed near Berezovy Islands in 1743.
"Bear". 23 banks. Laid down in type="1"> at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Libau in
"Leopard". 16 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in the Galley Port in 1762
"Wolf". 21 banks. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Memel in 1759
"Elephant". 16 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1762.
"Peacock". 16 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1762.
"Hawk". 16 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in the Galley port in 1762.
"Whale". 20 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Reval in 1761
"Fire". 22 banks. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Reval in 1761
"Nightingale". 20 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750
"Magpie". 20 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750
"Happy". 20 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750. Crashed at Vindava in 1757
"Fast". 20 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750. Broken at Friedrichsham in 1761.
"Faithful". 20 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in the Galley Port in 1762
"Remote". 20 cans. Laid down in 1749: at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in the Galley Port in 1762
"Neva". 20 cans, Laid down in 1749 at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Memel in
"Fredrichsgam". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750. Broken at Memel in 1759.
"Izhora". 16 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Memel in
"Hurry." 23 banks. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg Launched in 1750 Razloman in Libau in 1759
"Poepeshnak". 23 banks. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Libau in
"Flying". 23 banks. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1750 Broken in Libau in 1759
"Figure". 20 cans. Laid down in 1749 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg Launched in 1750 Broken in Memel in 1759
"Crow". 22 banks. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1753. Broken up in Libau in 1760.
"Ilmen". 22 banks. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1753. Broken up at Memel in 1762.
"Unicorn". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galernaya Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1753. Broken up at Memel in 1762.
"Brave" 22 cans. Laid down in 1751 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1753 Burned down on November 11, 1771 in the Galley port from lightning.
"Falcon". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down in 1752 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg Launched in 1754 Burned down on May 25, 1796 in the Galley Port from lightning.
"Trinket". 13 guns. 20 cans Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down in 1752 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Launched in 1754. Captured by the Swedes in 1790.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-8-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Invincible". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1754. Razloman in 1767.
"Cheerful". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1753 at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755 I. In 1789 remade according to the "Swedish manner". Participation-
Russian 22-can galley, converted "according to the Swedish manner"
shaft in the first battle of Rochensalm on September 13, 1789. On September 13, 1789, it crashed near about. Pukyonsari.
Petersburg. 22 banks Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1753 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. In 1789 remade according to the "Swedish manner". Captured by the Swedes during the second Battle of Rochsnapm on June 28, 1790.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
No. 1. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1755 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley Port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-Z-fp falconets.
No. 2. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1755 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley Port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
No. 3. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1755 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley Port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
No. 5. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1755 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley Port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
No. 6. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1755 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. July 11, 1771 burned down in the Galley Port from lightning.
Armament: 1-24-lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"No mercy." 22 banks. Length 42.67 m, width 6.1 m, draft 1.8 m.
Armament: 1-24 lb (or 18-lb) cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Cahul". 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down in 1753 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. Burned down on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port.
Armament: I-18-lb cannon, 4-8-lb guns, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Kiliya". 20 cans. Length 40.5 m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.8 m.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-8-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Turtle". 16 cans. Laid down in 1753 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. Broken in 1770.
"Tap". 16 cans. Laid down in 1753 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1755. Broken in 1778 in Revel.
"Turukhan". Horse. 10 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft m. Carried 16 horses. Laid down in 1753 in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. July 1771 burned down in the Galley port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Cod". Horse. 10 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Carried 16 horses. She was laid down in 1753 in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. In 1789 she was altered according to the "Swedish map". May 25, 1796 burned down in the Galley port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Lifland". Horse. 10 guns. cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Carried 16 horses. Laid down in 1753 in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. In 1789 remade according to the “Swedish manner”. May 25, 1796 burned down in the Galley port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Planet". Horse. 10 guns, ^ cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft m. Carried 16 horses. Laid down in 1753 in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. July 1771 burned down in the Galley port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Elan". Horse. 10 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Carried 16 horses. Laid down in 1753 in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756 July 11 burned down in the Galerny port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Bold". Horse. 10 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft m. Carried 16 horses. Laid down in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. July 1771 burned down in the Galerny port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Turtle". Horse. 10 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m Draft m. Carried 16 horses. She was laid down in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. In 1789 she was remade according to the “Swedish manner”. May 25, 1796 burned down in the Galley port.
Armament: 2-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Comet". 16 cans. Laid down in 1756 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. Dismantled in 1762 in Memel.
"Cheerful" 16 cans. Laid down in 1756 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756. Dismantled in 1762 in Memel.
"Catherine". 6 cans. Launched in 1756. In 1756 sent to Oranienbaum for Grand Duke Peter Fedorovich.
"Canary". 16 cans. Laid down in 1756 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1756.
"Snigir". 16 cans. Laid down in the city at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1757. Dismantled in 1762 in Memel.
"Falcon". 16 cans. Laid down in 1756 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1757.
"World". 16 bags. Laid down in 1756 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1757. Dismantled in 1762 in Memel.
"Elizabeth". 12 cans. Length 21.3 m. Width 4.27 m. Draft 1.1 m. Launched in
"Chesma". 11 guns. 16 cans. Length m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.75 m. Laid down in 1762 at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1762. May 25, 1796 burned down in the Galley port from lightning.
"Mining". 11 guns. 16 cans. Length 28.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.75 m. Laid down on August 9, 1762 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg;
"Remote". 11 guns. 16 cans. Length, m. Width, 5.5 m. Draft, 1.75 m.
"Hope". 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. . On May 13, she was torn off the anchor by a strong wind and thrown onto the shallows, where she was subsequently dismantled.
No. 1, No. 7.25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down in December 1766 at the Galley Shipyard and St. Petersburg. Burnt by lightning in the Galley Port on July 11, 1771.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Easy". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on December 12, 1766 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1769. Burned down by lightning on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port in St. Petersburg. Petersburg.
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Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets
"Hurry." 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m Width 6.4 m Draft 2.1 m in St. Petersburg.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Happy". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on December 12, 1766 at the Galley Shipyard in St. St. Petersburg.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Terrible." 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on December 12, 1766 at the Galley Shipyard in St. St. Petersburg.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Glorious" 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on December 12, 1766 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1769. Burned down by lightning on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port in St. Petersburg. Petersburg.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets wife December 12, 1766 at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1769. Participation shaft in the war with Sweden 1788-1790, including in the first battle of Rochensalm on August 13, 1789, in the second battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790 Captured by the Swedes during the second battle of Rochensalm.
Armament: I-24-foot cannon, 4-12-foot guns, 2-8-foot guns, 12-3-foot falconets
"Fierce". 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 7 m. Draft 2.7 m. Laid down on December 12, 1766 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1769. Experimental two-deck galley. The design turned out to be extremely unsuccessful. When rowing, the oars went under the water. The galley was next to the hook chamber, etc. The galley was not armed with artillery. After her tests, Captain 1st Rank Pushchin offered to turn her into a hospital ship. Broken in Reval in 1781
Estimated armament: 1 - fn cannon, 4-12-fn guns, 2-8-fn guns, 12-3-fn falconets.
Untitled. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Launched on April 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. Burned down at the shipyard by lightning in July 1771.
"Magpie". 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. Participated in the war with Sweden in 1788-1790. Captured by the Swedes during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
"Galka". 14 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771.
May 25, 1796 burned down from lightning in the Galley port.
"Snigir". 14 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Beam 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down? February 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. May 25, 1796 burned down by lightning in the Galley Port.
"Focsani". 14 guns. 20 cans. Lsh - 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galernaya shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. port.
Mogilev. 14 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. On May 25, 1796, she burned down from lightning in the Galley Port.
Polotsk. 14 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. On May 25, 1796 burned down by lightning in the Galley Port.
"Orsha". 15 guns. 20 cans. Length m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.9 m.
"Crow". 15 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on January 4, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched on October 24, 1771. Participated in the war with Sweden 1788-1790. Captured by the Swedes during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28.
"Auza". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1771. Broken in the Galley Port in 1791
Paros. 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5,8 m. Draft 1,9 m. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down on January 10, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg. They burned down on the slipway in the Galley port on July 11, 1771.
"Friend". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length, m. Width, 6.4 m; Draft, 2.1 m.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Smart". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on September 30, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1772. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Antiparos". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on December 3, 1771 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1772 Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-24-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 2-8-lb cannon, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Lemnos". 15 guns. 22 banks. Laid down on August 8, 1762 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1772. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Metelits". 13 guns. 22 banks. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down on August 8, 1762 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1772. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Evil". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on August 7, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Volga. 17 guns. 25 cans. Length, width 6.4 m, draft 2.1 m.
"Dvina". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on August 7, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Don". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 1.8 m.
"Dnieper". 19 guns. 25 cans. Length, m. Width, 6.4 m. Draft, 1.8 m.
"Neva". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length, m. Width, 6.4 m. Draft, 1.8 m.
"Crutch". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down on July 4, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Cheerful". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length m, width 6.4 m, draft 1.8 m.
"Fast". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length 44.8 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.1 m. Laid down on July 4, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Friedrichsham. Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on October 24, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Dynamind". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on October 24, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Riga". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on November 20, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Koron". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on November 20, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Modon". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft m. Laid down on November 20, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Wilmanstritzd". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m.
"Pernov". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length, m. Width, 6.1 m. Draft, 2 m.
Sarskoye village. 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on November 10, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. manner". She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
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"Izhora". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft m. Laid down on October 24, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. In 1789 it was remade according to the “Swedish manner”. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Vyborg". Horse. 14 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on November 20, 1772, launched in 1773. Designed for 24 horses. In 1789 it was redone according to the "Swedish manner". She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-12-lb guns, 12-3-lb falconets.
"Narva". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length, width 6.1 m, draft 2 m. She died during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
"Oka". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length, width 6.1 m, draft 2 m. September 13, 1789 crashed at about. Pukyonsari.
"Moscow". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length, width 6.1 m, draft 2 m. Participated in the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Kestrel". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m, width 6.1 m, draft 2 m. Participated in the first battle of Rochensalm on August 13, 1789. During the second battle of Rochensalm in June 1790, she was captured by the Swedes.
wife on July 4, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Pshvny Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Finland". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Breadth 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m.
"Zarez". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.9 m.
"Rampant". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.9 m.
"Cancer". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.9 m.
"Tver". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m Width 5.8 m Draft 1.9 m June 28, 1790 captured by the Swedes.
"Sterlet". 15 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on July 4, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg;
"Sturgeon". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. Laid down on July 4, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773 Razloman in 1792 in the Main Galley Port.
"Oyster". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.9 m. July 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Main Galley Nopiy on May 25, 1796.
"Ishmael". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. August 9, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773 Broken in the city of the Main Galley Port.
"Larga". 15 guns. 20 cans. Length m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. August 8, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1773. Burned down in the Otavny galley port on May 25, 1796.
"Peterhof". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on August 9, 1772 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg;
"Red hill". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.6 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on February 2, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1774. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Nerva". 17 guns. 22 banks. Length m, width 6.1 m, draft 2 m.
fi in St. Petersburg, launched in 1774. In 1789 it was altered according to the “Swedish manner”. Participated in the first Battle of Rochensalm on August 13, 1789. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Torear". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on February 2, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg; Participated in the first Battle of Rochensalm on August 13, 1789 and burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Tyuters". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on February 2, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg; She died during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
"Sescar". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on February 2, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1774. In 1789 redesigned according to the “Swedish manner”. She died during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
"Penny". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down on February 2, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg; She died during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
"Isaccha". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length m, width 5.8 m, draft 1.8 m.
"Zhurzha". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length, m. Width, 5.8 m. Draft, 1.8 m.
"Sheksna". 15 guns. 22 banks. Laid down on October 29, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1775. Participated in the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Chagodoshcha". 15 guns. 22 banks. Laid down on October 28, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1775 Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796
"Mologa". 16 guns. 22 banks. Laid down on October 29, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1775. Participated in the second, Rochensalm battle on June 28, 1790. Burnt in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796. In 1789, remade according to the "Swedish manner" ". She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Ygsvii". 16 guns. 22 banks. Laid down on October 29, 1774 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1775. In 1789, redesigned according to the "Swedish manner". Captured by the Swedes during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28.
"Sviyaga". 17 guns. 25 cans. Length, width 6.4 m, draft 1.8 m.
wife in 1774 at the Galley shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. Captured by the Swedes during the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790.
Armament: 1 - 18-lb cannon, 4 - 12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Martin". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m. Width 5.2 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Small Neva". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m. Width 5.2 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Eagle": 15 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 5.2 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Sandpiper". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length, width 5.2 m, draft 2 m.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Crane". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m, width 5.2 m, draft 2 m. Participated in the second Battle of Rochensalm on June 28, 1790 Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Civilsk". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m. Width 5.2 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. In 1789 redesigned according to the "Swedish manner". It was blown up during the first Battle of Rochensalm on August 13, 1789.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Lark". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. In 1789 redesigned according to the "Swedish manner". Participated in the battle of Vyborg on June 22. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Wulf". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. In 1789 redesigned according to the “Swedish manner”. Participated in the battle of Vyborg on June 22. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Kronwerk". 16 guns. 22 banks. Length 42.7 m. Width 6.1 m. Draft 2 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. In 1789 redesigned according to the "Swedish manner". Participated in the first and second Rochensalm battles. Burnt in the Main Galley Port May 25, 1796
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Quail". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776 Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Sister". 13 guns. 20 cans. Length 40.5 m. Width 5.8 m. Draft 1.8 m. Laid down in 1775 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1776. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Biork". Horse. 12 guns, ^ cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Designed for 16 horses. In 1789, it was redone according to the "Swedish manner". Laid down in 1775, launched in 1776. She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
"Ipia". Horse. 11 guns. 16 cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Designed for 16 horses. In 1789 it was redone according to the "Swedish manner". Laid down in 1775, launched in 1776. Burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796. 
alt="" />Armament: 3-8 lb cannons, 8-3 lb falconets.
"Blackbird". Horse. 11 guns. cans. Length 38.4 m. Width 5.5 m. Draft 1.8 m. Designed for 16 horses. She was laid down in 1775, launched in 1776. In 1789 she was remade according to the "Swedish manner". She burned down in the Main Galley Port on May 25, 1796.
Armament: 3-8-lb guns, 8-3-lb falconets.
"Bold". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 6.95 m. Draft 2.8 m. Laid down in 1783 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg; Participated in the first (August 13, 1789) and the second (June 28, 1790) Rochensalm battles. Burnt in the Main Galley Port in May 1796.
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Brave". 15 guns. 22 banks. Length 40.8 m. Width 6.8 m. Draft 2.2 m. Laid down in 1783 at the Galley Shipyard in St. Petersburg, launched in 1786. Participated in the first Battle of Rochepsalm on August 13, 1789. galley port May 25, 1796
Armament: 1-18-lb cannon, 4-12-lb cannon, 10-3-lb falconets.
"Zederkreutz". 15 guns. 25 cans. Length 38.7 m. Width 5.9 m. Draft 1.8 m. Former Swedish galley, captured in Rochensalm on August 13, 1789 by the rowing flotilla of Vice Admiral Prince Nassau-Siegen.
"Dallarna". 22 guns. Former Swedish galley, captured June 22, 1790 in Biorka-Sund by the rowing flotilla of Vice-Admiral Prince Nassau-Siegen.
"Nordosten-Nordsn" ("Ostep-Nordep"). 9 guns. Former Swedish galley, captured during the Battle of Vyborg on June 22, 1790. Burned down on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port.
"Ostsr-Gotland". 29 guns. Former Swedish galley, captured during the Battle of Vyborg on June 22, 1790. Burned down on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port.
"Palmstierna" ("Dolmane"). 3 guns. 20 cans. Former Swedish galley, captured during the Battle of Vyborg on June 22, 1790. Burned down on May 25, 1796 in the Main Galley Port.
"Etkeblas". 28 guns. 22 banks. Length m. Width 5.9 m. Draft 2 m. Former Swedish galley, captured during the Battle of Vyborg on June 22, 1790. Burned down in May 1796 in the Main Hyperport.
"Crutch". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Length 42.4 m. Width 6.7 m. Draft m.
"Cheerful". 4 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Length 42.4 m. Width 6.7 m. Draft 2.4 m.
"Fast". 4 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Length 42.4 m. Width 6.7 m. Draft m.
"Sheksna". 4 guns. 22 banks. 3 masts. Length 38.7 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft m.
"Don". 4 guns. 22 banks. 3 masts. Length 38.7 m, width 6.4 m, draft 2.3 m.
"Wulf". 4 guns. 22 banks. 3 masts. Length 38.7 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft 2.3 m. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg;
"Bold". 4 guns. 22 banks. 3 masts. Length 38.7 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft m.
"Brave". 16 guns. 22 banks. 4 masts. Length 38.7 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft m.
"Peterhof". 16 guns. 22 banks. masts. Length 38.7 m, width 6.4 m, draft 2.3 m.
"Moscow". 16 guns. 22 banks. 3 masts. Length 38.7 m. Width 6.4 m. Draft m.
"Happy". 16 guns. 25 cans. masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in 1828 in St. Petersburg.
"Evil". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in 1828 in St. Petersburg.
"Glorious". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 matches. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in St. Petersburg.
"Terrible." 16 guns. 25 cans. masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in 1828 in St. Petersburg.
"Sommers". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in St. Petersburg.
"Torsar". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in St. Petersburg.
"Smart". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in St. Petersburg.
"Neva". 16 guns. 25 cans. 3 masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in St. Petersburg.
Wilmanstrand. 16 guns. 25 cans. masts. Laid down on Galerny Ostrovka in St. Petersburg, launched in 1796. Dismantled in 1829 in St. Petersburg.
Terburg, launched in 1796. Paul 1 ordered to keep it forever. She stood in the Rowing port in St. Petersburg. Preserved until 1931
Galley "Dvina"
The Dvina galley is the only 25-can (50-oared) three-masted ship in the Russian fleet. It was built according to the "Venetian style" by the ship's apprentice I. Kalubnev under the supervision of the Venetian galley master Francesco Diponti, invited to Russia in early 1720. The ship received its name when it was launched on May 16 (27), 1721 in St. Petersburg at the Galernaya Shipyard. The dimensions of the Dvina are not indicated in any of the documents, and its drawings have not been preserved. Judging by the measurements of the model, the galley had a maximum length of 48.46 m and a maximum width with posts of 9.6 m. Artillery armament consisted of one 24-pound gun, two 12-pound and twelve 3-pound basses on the sides - a total of 15 guns.
The rowers for the galley were assigned soldiers of the Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky regiments. 5-6 soldiers rowed with each oar, therefore, there were 250-300 rowers on the ship. Oar length 13.2 m, Weight 94 kg.
The Dvina did not participate in the hostilities, but every year for several years it went to the Gulf of Finland for practical navigation.
A model galley, apparently made at the beginning of the 19th century, is in the Central Naval Museum in St. Petersburg.
For centuries, the Venetian galley remained a typical military rowing vessel. From 26 to 30 cans were placed on each side of it, placed at an angle to the side. At first, three rowers were seated on the bank, providing them with a single oar (terzaruolo system).
In the XV century. the rowing system changes somewhat. Banks began to be placed vertically one above the other, and from three to six rowers were planted on one large oar. The oars were supported by a beam protruding overboard with pin oarlocks-skarms - a post, on which a bulwark was placed to protect the rowers.
The deck of the galley was divided into three parts by partitions. On the nose there was a large platform with edges raised at the sides, called the rambat: guns were placed here, and soldiers were in preparation for battle.
In the back of the stern there was a “gazebo” closed with an openwork canopy - a tendalet. The middle of the galley, reserved for the rowers, was divided into two halves by a curon - a longitudinal platform along which zealous overseers walked. The spars of the galley, usually two-masted, carried latin sails. The bow of the ship turned into a long ram, which continued to be actively used along with firearms.
In the bow, under the deck elevation, there was a heavy Kurshey cannon; two lighter guns were placed on the sides of it. The guns "voiced" only when the galley approached the enemy. As soon as the ram pierced the surface of the enemy ship, the artillery fell silent, and the soldiers rushed to board.
French galley "La Ferme"
The Venetian rowing flotilla was very diverse in composition. The clumsy cargo bastard galleys had a rounded stern, and the narrow battle galleys-zenziles were the fastest and nimble.
Venetian single masted galley
Due to their low draft, effective action in shallow water and in calm weather, the galleys are gradually gaining recognition in the northern seas. Vessels of this type are increasingly found in the coastal waters of Holland, Denmark, Sweden and Russia.
Venetian galeas
Larger than a galley, the Venetian galleass had dimensions. The length of a three-masted galley, which did not shy away from battle even with two dozen galleys, often reached 70 m, and its crew included 1000-1200 sailors.
Galeas had 32 row banks, each with two oars. With one oar, depending on the circumstances, 6-7 rowers were controlled. The galleasses, far ahead of the galleys in terms of combat power, passed their first test in the naval battle of 1571. at Lepanto, bringing the Christians victory over the Turkish fleet.
Battle of Lepanto
Nevertheless, the seaworthiness of galleys and galleasses left much to be desired. The low seaworthiness of the galleass led to the fact that their captains, under the threat of a fine, were forbidden to go to the open sea during all four months of inclement weather. No wonder the galleass was not popular.
Venice itself, the birthplace of these ships and one of the greatest maritime powers that ever existed, never had more than 7 galleasses in service at once. The advantages of the galleass were manifested mainly during the calm, when, going on oars, they could develop significant speed. As for ordinary galleys, in stormy weather, sailing on them became dangerous even near the sea coast, since the team was not always able to cope with the control of their vessel. And one could not even dream of crossing the Atlantic.
And yet there was some attractive feature in these courts, because of which the strong Mediterranean powers did not want to part with them - until the 18th century. sailing and rowing galleys continue to replenish European fleets.
By the way, it was this type of ships that Peter I preferred when creating a naval squadron to prepare for the second Azov campaign.
French galley "La Realy", 1526.
Obviously, the galley, which had good maneuverability and had a shallow draft, was best suited for operations at the mouth of the Don and the Sea of Azov, and the powerful artillery that the galleys were armed with at that time was able to withstand any enemy ship.
A model for the construction of the first Russian sailing and rowing ships was a two-masted 16-can semi-galley, ordered by the carpenter king in distant Holland. The galley, delivered disassembled, was assembled in the village of Preobrazhensky near Moscow.
According to its type, in the same place, in Preobrazhensky, they began to manufacture parts for the hulls of the first Russian semi-galleys with a small number of oars. The built rowing fleet brought Peter victory near Azov, and in 1697. in Voronezh, they start building 17 large galleys at once. These vessels had 20-24 banks. Their length was 41.7-53m, and the width was 5.5-7.3m. On board they carried 21-27 guns, three of which were necessarily large - six- and twelve-pounders. The rest were light swivel falconets. Among the Russian galleys there were also three-masted ones.
Galley "Dvina"
A jibe is the course of a ship in line with the direction of the wind.
The galley fleet, which had proven itself excellently in Azov, proved to be good enough for combat operations in the shallow Baltic. The basis of the Baltic squadron of Peter, laid already in early XVIII in., amounted to 13 semi-galleys 17.4 m long, having only 10-12 cans. The armament of the semi-galleys usually consisted of one 12-pounder gun and two 3-pounder guns. Galleys and semi-galleys, in addition to 24-40 rowers and sailors, had to take on board 9-14 officers and up to 150 soldiers for boarding or landing.
The rigging of the galleys of that time, sailing in the northern seas, is much more complicated. The mainmast was supported by up to ten pairs of shrouds, while there were five on the foremast. The guys stood on hoists with long flat two-sheave blocks. Two masts held Latin sails. On the jibe, the sails were set with a butterfly, directing one ryu to the port side, and the other to the starboard. With a fresh wind from the stern, the triangular sail on the raft-masts was replaced by a straight one. And when it was necessary to row against the wind, the yards turned along the hull of the galley. They did the same during the battle, so as not to interfere with the sailors sitting on the oars to manipulate the ship.
The last "Bucentaur"
The large galleys of the Peter's fleet often served as flagships. So, on the 21-can galley "Natalya", launched in 1708, Admiral General F.M. Apraksin. It was a typical rowing vessel, the length of which along the deck was more than 53 m, and the width with the posts was about 7.5 m. The Natalia carried one 24-pounder gun and two 12-pounder guns, as well as twelve small guns mounted on swivel. For each oar of the flagship galley, there were as many as 5 rowers.
Among the representative courts of different eras, the Bucentavras, the large galleys of the Venetian doges, deserve special mention. It was on these ships that every year, for six centuries, the sacred rite of "the betrothal of Venice to the sea" was performed. In the morning holiday the doge, accompanied by the nobility and ambassadors of neighboring states, climbed onto the deck of the Bucentaur, which, accompanied by an escort of innumerable elegant gondolas, slowly went out into the middle of the lagoon and headed for the island of St. Helena.
It was truly a grandiose sight! A boat was leaving the island to meet the Bucentavr. The prelate, who was on board the boat, consecrated a large vessel of water, and then poured it back into the sea. When the Bucentaur slowly sailed past the island of Lido, a window opened in the stern and the hand of the highest-ranking person of Venice, betrothed to the sea, threw a massive golden ring into its quiet, but such treacherous waters.
During the period of existence of this beautiful custom, the Venetians managed to build and bury more than one Bucentaur. The first of these vessels, dating back to the 12th century, was a 62-oared birme. In the nose, the bireme had two battering rams depicting lion heads, symbolizing the patronage of these courts by St. Mark himself. The sides in the bow of the bireme were decorated with images of laurel wreaths. The idea of dominance at sea was reinforced by a high relief depicting folded trophy weapons. The galleries along the side of the ship were fenced with a balustrade decorated with carved floral ornaments. The two masts that formed the basis of the spars of any classic Venetian galley could, if necessary, carry sails.
Model of the last "Bucentaur"
The aft part of the open bridge, which was climbed along the main ladder, ended with sculptures of trumpeting geniuses and turrets with a flag.
The last Bucentavr was a two-deck ship built in the middle of the 18th century. at the behest of Doge Alvise Mocenigo. The upper deck was intended for the doge and his retinue; on the bottom there were 168 rowers. More than one book can be devoted to a detailed description of the decorations of this ship - the latest of the Bucentaurs was a real floating monument of fine art, made in the Baroque style. What was the cost of, say, only one upper ram! It was all strewn with carved shells and algae.
On top of the ram was a winged lion with outstretched wings - the symbol of Venice. And approximately in the middle of the battering ram was a figure with a torch, leaning on a sculpture of a genius of war, proudly reclining on trophies. Where the battering ram passed into the hull, a huge sea shell towered, serving as a pedestal for a group of two sculptures. One of them, holding a sword in one hand and scales in the other, depicted Justice.
Another figure symbolized the kneeling world, holding out an olive branch to Justice. The creators of the last "Bucentaur" were so carried away by decorations that they even replaced some of the ship's supporting structures with them. Thus, the upper part of the cross-links of the body was made in the form of caryatids, the figures of which formed portholes and supported the roof of the salon, which housed the doge's retinue.
At the fore end of the ship stretched an open gallery-balustrade with balusters in the form of figures of the young sea deity Triton - half-man, half-fish. The aft gallery rested on the shoulders of two giants - Efiltes and Otis. The only mast did not carry any sails, but only served as a flagpole for a flag embroidered with gold.
The most famous type of Mediterranean vessel, along with the galley, is the light xebec. Shebeka 25-35m long had a strongly extended stem and an upper deck that protruded far beyond the stern. The shape of the underwater part of this vessel was unusually sharp. Algerian corsairs especially fell in love with the frisky shebeca - it was the fastest sailing ship in the entire existence of maritime piracy. Pretty soon shebeka migrated to french navy. (Obviously, the cunning French considered that it was necessary to fight against the enemy with his own weapons.) In the 18th century. the Algerian xebec carried three "block masts". If a light breeze blew from the stern, yards with relatively wide straight sails were placed on the fore and main masts. With a side wind, the yards with the sails stretched over them were removed, and instead of them long Latin ryus were installed.
Belgian Xebec "Le Reguin"
Large triangular sails fixed on them often refused to obey in a storm. Then the sailors raised short ryu with smaller Latin sails on all masts. The sailing armament of the French xebec, as a rule, was completely straight, with bram-masts on half-masts. Bram-yards were equipped with perts, and the mainmast even had a bom-bram-ray. In addition to the jibs, the xebec carried four staysails. In case of complete calm, shebeks, like galleys, were supplied with oars, of which there were few - from 8 to 12 pairs. The oar holes were directly above the cannon ports.
Corps of the Algerian xebec
The felucca was widely used for the transportation of goods and fishing in the Mediterranean. Although a small (about 15m) felucca was very reminiscent of a galley, it completely lacked a stem, and the bow and stern had a pointed shape. The felucca was not armed with cannons, considering it solely as a merchant ship. The felucca had two masts: a foremast tilted forward, which was shifted very close to the bow, and a mainmast, which stood vertically in the middle of the vessel. 6-7 oars on each side could not give the felucca high speed - triangular Latin sails were responsible for the speed of the ship.
Many other types of ships also originated from galleys: a fast fusta with 18-22 banks for rowers on each side, a galliot with 14-20 banks, a brigantine with 8-12 banks, and, finally, a saeta - a light frigate with a direct sail on the fore- mast and Latin sails on the main and mizzen masts.
Block mast - a mast without a topmast, in the upper part of which there was a multi-sheave block for rigging.
Polacre mast - a pole mast that does not have a topmast and a topmast. It was used on ships such as polacra and xebecs.
