The 21st century is an amazing time when scientists almost every day make new discoveries about things that seem to be known to everyone. This review contains very curious scientific facts that were discovered quite recently and therefore are still unknown to many.
1. Phytoplankton 
Scientific fact about phytoplankton.
At least half of the Earth's oxygen is produced by the ocean, not by trees. Miniature aquatic plants called phytoplankton live near the surface of the water, drift with currents, and generally do everything normal plants do – i.e. produce oxygen as a by-product of carbon dioxide processing.
2. Bacteria in the brain 
Scientific fact about bacteria in the brain.
Microbiologists at the University of Idaho claim that the human body has about ten times more bacteria than normal cells. However, this is good news as the vast majority of these bacteria are beneficial.
3. Plague, smallpox and HIV 
Scientific fact about plague, smallpox and HIV.
10% of Europeans are immune to the HIV virus as a result of a genetic mutation. Scientists believe that this mutation is the result of all outbreaks of plague in the Middle Ages. That is, since the ancestors modern people survived the Black Death and smallpox, today a number of people are immune to HIV. Genetics is a strange thing.
4. Alpha pinene 
Scientific fact about alpha-pinene.
Pine oils actually contain an anti-inflammatory compound called alpha-pinene. It has already been used to treat bronchial conditions such as asthma. Currently, the possibility of their mass use against a number of inflammatory diseases is being studied.
5. Computer games 
Scientific fact about the benefits of computer games.
It turns out that computer games (in "moderate" amounts) are actually useful. They improve memory and multitasking skills, can help people with dyslexia, increase coordination and reduce stress.
6. Own reality 
A scientific fact about one's own reality.
People actually avoid information that threatens their happiness and worldview. They surround themselves with things they like and actually create their own reality.
7. Peacock-eyes 
Scientific fact about peacock eyes.
The peacock-eye "Saturnia moon" does not have a mouth. After these insects emerge from the cocoon, they have 7 days during which they mate and then starve to death.
8. Coffee and cocaine 
Scientific fact about coffee and cocaine.
Coffee is the most widely used recreational drug known to mankind. In fact, it is a stimulant, just like cocaine. When someone says that he cannot live without a cup of coffee in the morning and is irritable without this drink, he is not joking. These are symptoms of addiction.
9. Leucine enkephalin 
Scientific fact about enkephalin leucine.
When a person cries in frustration, the tears that are released contain a hormone that is a natural pain reliever. The body produces this hormone (called leucine enkephalin) when it is under stress. So if someone feels like they need to sit down and cry, their body is just trying to calm itself down.
10. Biological immortality 
Scientific fact about biological immortality.
There are animals and plants that are considered "biologically immortal". Even though they actually die, this is only due to injury or illness, not age. Two notable examples of this are jellyfish and lobsters.
11. The smell of cut grass 
Scientific fact about the smell of cut grass.
The smell of cut grass is actually a distress signal. In fact, this scent signals that the herb is screaming in pain.
12. Honey in sealed jars 
Scientific fact about honey in sealed jars.
Honey in sealed jars does not rot or spoil. It can actually be edible after lying for thousands of years. For example, jars with still edible honey inside have been found in Egyptian tombs.
13. Sunflowers and radiation 
Scientific fact about sunflowers and radiation.
Sunflowers are sometimes used to clean up radioactive waste and radioactive soil. Sunflowers actually absorb radioactive isotopes as they grow and literally suck the radiation out of the soil. The flowers and stems of sunflowers then become radioactive.
14. Frog Pregnancy Test 
Scientific fact about the frog pregnancy test.
Up until the 1960s, doctors determined if a woman was pregnant by injecting her urine into a female frog. If the frog laid eggs on the same day (due to hormones in the pregnant woman's urine), then the "test" was considered positive. And before frogs, rabbits or mice were used, but they had to be killed and dismembered to see if the hormones had any effect on the animal.
15. Earthquakes 
Scientific fact about earthquakes.
Hundreds of earthquakes occur every day around the world. Their magnitude is simply so low (2 or less) that people often don't notice them. Also, most of them take place in the middle of the ocean.
You can't argue with the fact. But on the other hand, there are many delusions in the world, there are a huge number facts about the simplest and seemingly well-studied things, phenomena and events that seem unreal to us. It is these unknowns and Interesting Facts we offer in this collection.
1. " hellish organ»
In 1741, the outstanding Russian designer Andrei Konstantinovich Nartov (1680-1756) created the most rapid-fire gun. They called it the "Infernal Organ", the design was a system of 44 small mortars mounted on a rotating carriage. While one part of the mortar fired a volley, the rest were loaded, then the wheel turned and a new volley followed.
Such guns were used by Pugachev's detachments, therefore, the rapid-fire system was also called the "Pugachev gun" in a different way.
2. royal tattoo
In 1844, dignitaries were preparing the body of King Charles XIV Johan of Sweden for burial. And they were amazed to see the tattoo "Death to Kings" on the body.
Here it must be recalled that the founder of the Bernadotte dynasty, which rules Sweden today, was born in the family of a Bearn lawyer in the city of Pau in Gascony. Jean Baptiste Bernadotte started military career to improve the financial situation in the royal infantry regiment. Excellent military ability and most expensive - experience - allowed him to quickly advance after the French Revolution. During the reign of Napoleon, General Bernadotte was given command of a corps, and in 1804 he became marshal of the Empire.
After the news of Bernadotte's humane treatment of the Swedish prisoners captured in Grass, his popularity in the country grows incredibly. At this time, the childless King Charles XIII rules in Sweden. In fact, the power belonged to the aristocrats because of the dementia of the king. Therefore, Bernadotte was elected heir to the Swedish throne.
In 1818, after the death of Charles XIII, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte ascended the throne under the name of Charles XIV Johan.
3. Why chamomile?
Chamomile became so called only a little over 200 years ago. This name came from Polish, and is distorted Latin word romana, that is, "Roman". The Poles called this flower in the middle of the 16th century "Romanov color". "Chamomile" became a diminutive form and was first used under that name in recipes. late XVIII century of the Russian agronomist A. G. Bolotov.
In Latin, chamomile is called Matricaria, which translates as "uterine grass", since the plant was then most a popular remedy for women's diseases. This name was used for the first time by the Swedish physician and botanist Albrecht von Haller, but Pliny the Elder in his Natural History uses the name Chamaemellon for chamomile.
4. Arab-Israeli conflict
Interesting that there are 60 Muslim countries in the world and only 1 Jewish. Main city country - Jerusalem - was the Jewish capital for more than 3,000 years. The Kingdom of Jerusalem was founded here by the crusaders in 1099. In 1187, the city was captured by Salah ad-Dinin, and Acre was the last to fall in 1291. Since 1260, Palestine passes into the possession of the Mamluk dynasty. But at the same time, the city was never used by them as a capital, Islamic leaders did not visit it at all.
An interesting fact is that Jerusalem is never mentioned in the Koran, but in the Jewish Tanakh it is mentioned 700 times. And it is in the direction of Jerusalem that Jews pray, and Muslims turn to Mecca.
If in 1854 Jews made up more than 60% of the population in Jerusalem, then in 1922 they were forbidden to settle in more than 77% of the Palestinian territory.
5. toilet finger
Bats are cute and intimidating at the same time, everyone perceives these nocturnal hunters differently. Everyone knows that in mice, the fingers of the upper limbs have transformed into a kind of frame, on which membrane-wings are stretched. But at the same time, the thumb with a strong claw, which mice use when climbing, remained. This finger has other uses as well.
It’s interesting, if mice usually hang upside down in a free position, then how does the disposal of waste products occur? The simplest procedure is not so easy to implement. And this is where the same thumb, which is called the “toilet”, is used. The mouse simply clings to the surface with these fingers, turns over and performs all the necessary actions without dirtying its fluffy fur.
6. Nutritional supplements
Natural food is virtually disappearing from our tables. Even seemingly unprocessed vegetables and fruits can contain many different elements that are unusual for them, which got into the product as a result of treatments, fertilizers, etc. What can we say about all kinds of semi-finished products and other "victims" of the processing industry. An interesting fact is that even formally harmless additives are not recommended for children to use.
All nutritional supplements have a specific label. So food colorings encode numbers from E100 to E182. To increase the shelf life, preservatives are used (E200 - E299). Antioxidants have a similar effect, which protect products from spoilage by slowing down oxidation processes (E300 - E399). Stabilizers (E400 - E499) and emulsifiers (E500 - E599) are used to give products a presentation. Another method of improving the attractiveness of a product is the addition of flavors and flavor enhancers coded with numbers from E600 to E699.
Incredible Facts
The science - amazing thing. Everyone knows that everything that exists is made up of atoms. The nucleus of an atom has protons and neutrons, and is it itself surrounded by electrons that revolve around the nucleus? like little satellites. Interestingly, atoms are 99.99% empty space.
This screen is made of atoms, and these atoms are practically nothing. So why can't you see through the screen? And how can we even see, feel and stand on anything?
It's all about power. The atoms on the table actually repel the atoms in your hand. When you touch something, you actually experience a repulsive force.
Here are some more amazing scientific facts you didn't know.
1. If fill a thimble with matter from a neutron star, it will weigh almost 100 million tons.
2. Pseudoblindness is a phenomenon in which blind people develop a physiological response to visual stimuli (such as an angry face) despite being unable to see them.
3. If people used Newton's formulas instead of Einstein's theory of relativity, GPS calculations would differ by several kilometers.
4. Most cold place in the known universe is on Earth in the laboratory. Scientists have succeeded in freezing atoms using laser cooling. This resulted in temperatures in the billionth power of absolute zero.
5. In human brain more synapses than stars in the Milky Way.
6. If it were possible to remove all empty space in atoms, then Everest could be put in a glass.
7. The compound that gives raspberries their flavor is found throughout our galaxy.. You understood correctly, Milky Way tastes like raspberries.
8. According to the Hafele-Keating experiment, time runs faster when flying west than when flying east(relative to the center of the earth).
9. Every cell in your body has been dividing since life began on Earth. And all this division will end with your death, with the exception of the cells that you pass on to your descendants (1 per child) and certain circumstances (for example, organ donation).
10. The only reason you are able to read this article is because hundreds of miles of fiberglass cables lie on the ocean floor.
11. Grease in your knees is one of the most slippery substances known to man.
12. When you remember some event in the past, you remember not the event itself, but rather the last time you remembered it. In other words, you have a memory of memories. For this reason, people's memories are often inaccurate.
13. Pluto has only made 1/3 revolution since it was discovered.
14. If the Earth were the size of a billiard ball, it would be smoother (there would be less oscillation between high and low points on its surface).
15. Human sweat is odorless but since bacteria feed on it, the smell comes from their waste products.
Amazing Facts
16. Your lungs have the same surface area as a tennis court.
17. There is no way to scientifically prove that we are not part of a computer simulation.
18. The human body emits more heat per unit volume than the sun.
19. None of your ancestors died before successfully producing offspring.
20. Stomach acid is strong enough to dissolve zinc.
21. Occur on the Sun fiery whirlwinds larger than the Earth.
22. You never really touch anything. Your atoms simply repel the atoms of other objects (most of which are empty space).
23. Your The brain is made up mostly of water and fat..
24. Water conducts electricity only due to pollution. Perfectly pure water does not conduct electricity.
25. Of the four basic forces (gravity, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear and weak nuclear), gravity is the weakest, easiest to observe and least understood.
Most of us are far from science and understand little about it, but does this prevent us from learning interesting scientific facts about the world that surrounds us? A lot of interesting, funny and surprising is hidden from our eyes.
Proven Scientific Facts
Miscellaneous scientific facts
Facts about people
A little about the world around
Space is waiting for us
- The length of a day on Mars is almost the same as on Earth, they are only 39 minutes longer.
- The fastest planet solar system is Jupiter. It needs only ten hours for a complete rotation around the axis.
- The galaxy we are in contains about 200-400 billion stars.
- At a decent distance spaceship can take a photo of a million square kilometers of our planet in just ten minutes. You can do the same with an airplane in four years.
Results
The concept of a scientific fact is quite broad, so this category of knowledge can include a lot of information from different fields of knowledge. To recognize a fact as such, it must not only be proved, but also verified. The problem with scientific fact is that very often these proofs are neglected and the product is presented in its raw form, but science will always be able to distinguish truth from lies.
Much of what we learn in school will never come in handy. Most of this large part we will never even remember. And yet, some crumbs of "useless" information will remain in memory. Paradoxically, it is thanks to them that we feel ourselves educated people. The luxury of keeping in mind not only vital information, but also “information surplus” increases self-esteem and gives a sense of intellectual consistency.
And “unnecessary information” surprisingly turns out to be the most interesting. This interest can become for children a magical key to the vast world of science, which is often hidden behind boring formulas and incomprehensible definitions.
In this article, we have collected nine scientific facts, which can be used in the lessons of mathematics, physics, geography, chemistry and biology, to clearly show that science is not something abstract from real life but the situations we face every day.
Fact number 1. On average, an ordinary person travels a distance equal to three equators of the Earth in his life
The equator is approximately 40,075 km long. Multiplying this figure by three, we get 120,225 km. With an average life expectancy of 70 years, we get about 1717 km per year, which is a little more than five kilometers per day. Not so much, but it runs for life.
On the one side, practical application this information does not. On the other hand, it is much more interesting to measure the distance traveled not in meters, steps or calories, but in equators. And calculating the percentage of the length of the equator will draw attention not only to geography, but also to mathematics.
The following two facts may come in handy in mathematics lessons. Using the first, you can calculate the number of children in parallel or even in the entire school who were born on the same day.
Fact #2: If there are 23 random people in a room, there is over a 50% chance that two of them will have the same birthday.
And if you put together 75 people, then this probability reaches 99%. A 100% chance of a match can be in a group of 367 people. The probability of a match is determined by the number of pairs that can be made from all the people in the group. Since the order of people in pairs does not matter, the total number of such pairs is equal to the number of combinations of 23 by 2, that is, (23 × 22) / 2 = 253 pairs. Thus, the number of pairs exceeds the number of days in a year. The same formula calculates the probability of matches for any number of people. So you can estimate the number of children born on the same day in parallel or even in the entire school.
Fact number 3. The number of living organisms in a teaspoon of soil is greater than the entire population of our planet
One square centimeter of soil contains billions of bacteria, fungi, algae and other organisms. About 60 million bacteria live in just one gram of dry soil. Nematodes, or roundworms (the most famous of which are roundworms and pinworms) in the same amount of soil are much smaller - only 10 thousand. A figure that is incommensurable with the human population, but no less unpleasant for that.
Practical application of the information: Wash your hands thoroughly after taking care of your houseplants and after working in the garden. A zone of increased bacterial danger is a sandbox on any playground.
Fact #4: The average toilet seat is much cleaner than the average toothbrush
The bacteria on your teeth live at a density of about 10 million per square centimeter. The number of bacteria on the skin varies depending on the part of the body, but in any case it is much less than in the mouth.
But there are no bacteria on the skin of frogs at all. The reason for this is the mucus secreted by the frog and contains the strongest antibiotics. This is how frogs protect themselves from the aggressive bacterial environment of the swamps in which they live.
A person in this regard is much less adapted, so toothbrushes are advised to be changed every couple of months.
Fact number 5. In the evening, a person becomes 1% lower compared to his "day" height
Under the influence of loads, our joints tend to shrink. With a normal lifestyle, by the evening a person's height decreases by 1-2 cm, which is approximately 1%. The decrease is not permanent.
The maximum decrease in height occurs after weightlifting. Changes in growth can be three or more centimeters. This is due to the compaction of the vertebrae.
Fact #6: Using very high pressure, diamonds can be made from peanut butter.
Scientists from the Bavarian Research Institute of Geophysics and Geochemistry tried to simulate in the laboratory the conditions of the Earth's lower mantle, where at a depth of 2,900 kilometers the pressure is 1.3 million times higher than atmospheric pressure. During the experiment, some innovative ways of producing diamonds were discovered. According to one hypothesis, diamonds are formed from carbon under very high pressure. Carbon is found in almost all foods. And since the researchers had only peanut butter on hand, they tried it out. Unfortunately, the hydrogen, which is bonded to carbon in peanut butter, slows the process down significantly: even a small diamond takes weeks to produce. Thus scientific thought proves that the most incredible transformations are quite possible.
Fact number 7. The height of the Eiffel Tower can change by 12 centimeters depending on the air temperature
An iron rod 300 meters long expands by 3 mm when the temperature rises environment one degree.
This is exactly what is happening with the Eiffel Tower, which is approximately 324 meters high.
In hot sunny weather, the iron material of the tower can heat up to +40 degrees, and in winter in Paris it cools down to about 0 degrees (great frosts are rare there).
So the height eiffel tower can fluctuate by 12 centimeters (3mm*40=120mm).
Fact #8: A conventional microwave uses much more energy to keep the built-in clock running than it does when reheating food.
While in standby mode, a modern microwave consumes approximately 3 watts per hour. Already 72 watts come out per day, and if we multiply this number by thirty days, we get an energy consumption of 2160 watts per month.
If we assume that we use the microwave every day for 5 minutes, we get 150 minutes or 2.5 hours per month. Modern stoves consume about 0.8 kW / h in heating mode. It turns out that with this use, the energy consumption directly for heating food is 2000 watts. If you buy a more economical model that consumes only 0.7 kWh, we get only 1.75 kW per month.
Fact #9. The first computer mouse was made of wood.
Sometimes it's just curious to know the fate of the items that we use every day.
The computer mouse in the design familiar to us was introduced to the world in 1984. by Apple. Largely thanks to her, Macintosh computers have become incredibly popular. But this small, but such a necessary device begins its true history 20 years earlier.
In 1964, Stanford engineer Douglas Engelbart designed a manipulator to work with the oN-Line System (NLS) operating system. Initially, the device was a handmade wooden box with two wheels inside and a button on the body. After some time, the device has a third button, and a couple of years later Engelbart receives a patent for his invention.
Next, Xerox enters the business, but its modification of a computer mouse costs about $ 700, which by no means contributes to its mass distribution. And only the company of Steve Jobs is able to develop a similar device with a cost of $ 20-30, which was included in everyday life billion people.
