Beautiful and vibrant Africa is the second largest continent in the world. More than 1 billion people live in its open spaces. And its lands are conditionally divided into 5 regions. Traditionally, the countries of Africa, the list of which consists of 62 items, belong to the following regions:
- South.
- Western.
- Northern.
- East.
- And Central.
This division is due to different geographical and climatic conditions, differences in cultures and forms of government of states.
There are dependent and independent territories in Africa. There are 37 countries with access to the seas and oceans. Present (10 units). And 16 countries located in the interior of the continent.
African countries: list of states of the southern region
South Africa keeps memories of the colonization period in its memory. On its territory, it was developed nuclear weapon which the government then abandoned. It includes countries such as:
- Zimbabwe;
- Mozambique;
- Comoros;
- Seychelles;
- Mauritius Island;
- Reunion;
- Madagascar;
- Lesotho;
- Botswana;
- Swaziland;
- Namibia.
The largest country on this earth is the Republic of South Africa (South Africa). Almost the entire population of the Southern Region lives and works there. There are 11 official languages in this territory. Ethnic composition South Africa is a diverse group of many religious communities.
The proximity of the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean make South Africa attractive for tourism. The southern part of the continent is warm and humid all year round. But the climate is temperate, so the heat is tolerated quite easily.
African countries: list of states of the Western region
The humid and windy climate of West Africa is directly dependent on the capricious trade winds. This territory consists of the following countries:
- Sierra Leone;
- Senegal;
- Benin;
- Burkina Faso;
- Gambia;
- Ghana;
- Togo;
- Guinea;
- Guinea-Bissau;
- Cape Verde;
- Cameroon;
- Mauritania;
- Nigeria;
- Niger;
- Mali;
- Liberia;
- Ivory Coast;
- Saint Helena.
The Western region is the birthplace of many African languages. Even today oral folklore is valued on its territory. And ceremonial dances are included in the program of every significant holiday.
The Cameroon Mountains are the natural boundary of this land in the east. In the south of the region itself, the legendary Sahara desert begins. And in the west, the natural boundary forms the Atlantic Ocean.
The Federal Republic of Nigeria a few years ago received the status of the largest oil producer. Most of the population speaks several dialects at once. 527 languages are officially recognized in this country. Among them there are 11 "dead" dialects, English and several other languages of the local ethnic group are taught in state schools.
Abuja is the Nigerian capital, chosen by the government as the most ethnically neutral place in the Western Region. After the completion of the main stages of construction in 1976, Abuja received the status of the main city of Nigeria instead of the overcrowded Logos.
African countries: list of states of the Northern region
A significant part of the Northern region is occupied by the sands of the Sahara desert. The largest states of the entire African continent border on the endless sandy sea:
- Sudan;
- Tunisia;
- Algeria;
- Morocco;
- Libya;
- SADR;
- Egypt.
The Mediterranean natural area is considered very comfortable for living. Therefore, there are large tourist sites of the African continent, which are known throughout the world.
The economy of this region is in better condition than in other parts of Africa. The proximity of Europe affects not only the development of the region, but also its cultural heritage.
Tunisia is the country with the most competitive economy of all African countries. About 10 million people live in Tunisia, most of whom speak Arabic. Almost the entire population northern state professes Islam. The Mediterranean climate makes Tunisia an important tourism sector. The culture of the country contains a wide variety of trends that are organically woven into everyday life Tunisian people.
African countries: list of countries in the Eastern region
East of the mysterious Nile, there are several countries that make up the Eastern Region. Among them are such states as:
- Ethiopia;
- Eritrea;
- Uganda;
- Tanzania;
- Somalia;
- Mayotte;
- Kenya;
- Djibouti;
- Zambia;
- Comoros;
- Malawi.
The climate of East Africa is arid in the central regions. But on the coast, it quickly changes to tropical. Former colonists set the borders of states rather arbitrarily. Due to the fact that cultural and religious directions were not taken into account, the development of the Eastern region is taking place at a very slow pace.
Kenya is not only a favorite place for tourists, but also a place that has amazing flora and fauna. In Kenya, there is a large number of nature reserves, which are protected by the international organization UNESCO.
In Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, people speak English and the local language, Swahili. For a long time this country was a colony of Great Britain.
African countries: list of states of the Central region
In the heart of Africa are the following states:
- Angola;
- Congo;
- Sao Tome;
- Equatorial Guinea.
These countries are endowed with a subequatorial climate. Thanks to the extensive river system, it is there that you can see endless forests consisting of evergreen and deciduous trees.
The Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in minerals. This circumstance several centuries ago contributed to the emergence of the African "gold" rush in the country.
The capital of the country with an unusual name Brazzaville is quite developed in terms of education. The literacy rate of the population there reaches 82%. The economy of the state is based on oil production and agriculture. The cultural sector is represented by folk art. The trend of contemporary art is also well developed.
All countries in Africa, the list of which is given above, are considered officially recognized states. Meanwhile, many territories of the African continent have recently embarked on the path of international recognition and so far are not real states. But still they have conventions borders on some maps.
Anthropologists call Africa the cradle of civilization. According to research, human culture first appeared there. Paradoxically, in the place of origin of all living things, there are still corners where no human foot has set foot. Out of 29 million square meters only a small part is inhabited by people. The rest of the space is deserts and tropical forests. African fauna is unique. this continent is not found anywhere else.
Exploring the countries of Africa, the list of which is so diverse, it is difficult to imagine that the Sahara Desert covers an area larger than the entire territory of the United States. Also on the territory of the continent, half of all the gold in the world is mined. And the name of this part of the world comes from one of the most ancient tribes "Afri".
In the east - the Cameroon mountains, in the south and west - the waves of the Atlantic, where the westernmost point of Africa is located - Cape Almadi in Senegal. Such natural boundaries are delineated West Africa, which is conditionally divided into two regions: the arid Sahel, which merges with the desert, and Sudan, which is more comfortable for living. Sixteen states are located in this part of the continent, the largest of which are Niger, Mali and Mauritania, and the smallest are Cape Verde (Cape Verde Islands).
Climate features, vegetation and animal world
The most difficult climatic conditions are in the north of the Sahel, which year after year captures the desert. The region is officially recognized as one of the hottest on the planet - in winter the temperature rarely drops below +20 °C, and in summer it confidently stays at around +40 °C. At this time, all vegetation dies here, and the herbivorous inhabitants of the savannah (mainly antelopes and gazelles) migrate south.
West African countries, located in the Sahel, periodically find themselves on the verge of disaster due to a monstrous drought that can last up to five to six years. But in Sudan Agriculture much better developed. Coffee, cocoa beans and cotton are grown and exported in Togo, peanuts and corn in Gambia, dates and rice in Mauritania.
Much more precipitation falls on the territory of Sudan than in the Sahel - they are brought by the summer monsoons. In addition, there are many rivers flowing here, so closer to the Atlantic the vegetation is more abundant (up to lush tropical forests), and the animal world is much richer.
History and modernity
West Africa attracted European colonialists as early as the 15th century - the British, Portuguese, French created fortified outposts on the coast, imposing their conditions on local tribes. Most states succeeded in completely freeing themselves from the tutelage of metropolitans only in the second half of the last century.
As a legacy of such total dependence, the countries of West Africa received deep-seated enmity with neighbors who were ruled by other European "patrons". The region is famous for its political instability - military coups, riots and civil wars are not uncommon here.
The western part of Africa is rich in minerals. Ghana is one of the leading suppliers of gold, Nigeria's budget is 80% dependent on oil trade, diamonds are mined in Sierra Leone, and uranium is mined in Niger. At the same time, only raw materials enter the world market, the processing industry is undeveloped. Almost all countries of the region are included in the list of the poorest countries on the planet with a very unfavorable epidemiological situation and low level healthcare.
List of West African countries
how many countries are in africa?
Africa is the second largest continent after Eurasia, washed by the Mediterranean Sea from the north, the Red Sea from the northeast, Atlantic Ocean from the west and the Indian Ocean from the east and south. Africa is also called the part of the world, consisting of the mainland Africa and adjacent islands. The area of Africa is 29.2 million km², with islands - about 30.3 million km², thus covering 6% of the total surface area of \u200b\u200bthe Earth and 20.4% of the land surface. On the territory of Africa there are 56 states, 5 unrecognized states and 5 dependent territories (island).
The population of Africa is about a billion people. Africa is considered the ancestral home of mankind: it was here that the most ancient remains of early hominids and their probable ancestors were found.
The African continent crosses the equator and several climatic zones; it is the only continent stretching from the northern subtropical climate zone to the southern subtropical. Due to the lack of permanent rainfall and irrigation - as well as glaciers or the aquifer of mountain systems - there is practically no natural regulation of the climate anywhere except the coasts.
African Studies is the study of the cultural, economic, political and social problems of Africa.
I fully agree with Maria Rakhimova (about the list).
The total number of states and dependent territories in Africa is 61 (of which 54 are independent).
This includes 10 island, 14 inland and 37 states with wide access to the seas and oceans.
African countries are conditionally divided into 4 regions - North, South, West and East.
56 countries
List of African countries:
Algiers (capital - Algiers)
Angola (capital - Luanda)
Benin (capital - Porto-Novo)
Botswana (capital - Gaborone)
Burkina Faso (capital - Ouagadougou)
Burundi (capital - Bujumbura)
Gabon (capital - Libreville)
Gambia (capital - Banjul)
Ghana (capital - Accra)
Guinea (capital - Conakry)
Guinea-Bissau (capital - Bissau)
Democratic Republic of the Congo (capital - Kinshasa)
Djibouti (capital - Djibouti)
Egypt (capital - Cairo)
Zambia (capital - Lusaka)
West Sahara
Zimbabwe (capital - Harare)
Cape Verde (capital - Praia)
Cameroon (capital - Yaounde)
Kenya (capital - Nairobi)
Comoros (capital - Moroni)
Congo (capital - Brazzaville)
Ivory Coast (table - Yamoussoukro)
Lesotho (capital - Maseru)
Liberia (capital - Monrovia)
Libya (capital - Tripoli)
Mauritius (capital - Port Louis)
Mauritania (capital - Nouakchott)
Madagascar (capital - Antananarivo)
Malawi (capital - Lilongwe)
Mali (capital - Bamako)
Morocco (capital - Rabat)
Mozambique (capital - Maputo)
Namibia (capital - Windhoek)
Niger (capital - Niamey)
Nigeria (capital - Abuja)
Saint Helena (capital - Jamestown) (UK)
Reunion (capital - Saint-Denis) (France)
Rwanda (capital - Kigali)
Sao Tome and Principe (capital - Sao Tome)
Swaziland (capital - Mbabane)
Seychelles (capital - Victoria)
Senegal (capital - Dakar)
Somalia (capital - Mogadishu)
Sudan (capital - Khartoum)
Sierra Leone (capital - Freetown)
Tanzania (capital - Dodoma)
Togo (capital - Lome)
Tunisia (capital - Tunisia)
Uganda (capital - Kampala)
Central African Republic (capital - Bangui)
Chad (capital - N'Djamena)
Equatorial Guinea (capital - Malabo)
Eritrea (capital - Asmara)
Ethiopia (capital - Addis Ababa)
Republic of South Africa (capital - Pretoria)
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Africa is the largest region in terms of area (30 million sq. Km.), which includes 54 independent states. Some of them are rich and developing, others are poor, some have access to the sea, while others do not. So how many countries are there in Africa, and which states are the most developed?
North African countries
The entire continent can be divided into five zones: North Africa, West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, South Africa.
Rice. 1. African countries.
Almost the entire region of North Africa (10 million square kilometers) lies on the territory of the Sahara desert. For this natural area high temperatures are characteristic, it is here that the highest temperature in the world in the shade is recorded - +58 degrees. The largest African states are located in this region. These are Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Sudan. All these countries are territories with access to the sea.
Egypt - the tourist center of Africa. People from all over the world come here to enjoy the warm sea, sandy beaches and infrastructure that is fully suitable for a good holiday.
State of Algiers with the capital of the same name is the most big country by area in North Africa. Its area is 2382 thousand square meters. km. The largest river in this area is the Sheliff River, which flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Its length is 700 km. The rest of the rivers are much smaller and are lost among the deserts of the Sahara. In Algeria, oil and gas production is carried out in large volumes.
TOP 4 articleswho read along with this
Sudan - a country in the North African region, which has access to the Red Sea.
Sudan is sometimes called the "country of three Niles" - White, Blue, and the main one, which is formed as a result of the merger of the first two.
In Sudan, dense and rich vegetation of tall-grass savannas grows: in the wet season, the grass here reaches 2.5 - 3 m. In the very south there is a forest savanna with iron, red and black ebony trees.
Rice. 2. Ebony.
Libya - a country in the Central part of North Africa, with an area of 1760 thousand square meters. km. Most of the territory is a flat plain with heights from 200 to 500 meters. Like other countries in North America, Libya has access to the Mediterranean Sea.
West African countries
West Africa is washed by the Atlantic Ocean from the south and from the west. Here are the Guinean forests of the tropical region. These areas are characterized by alternating rainy and dry seasons. West Africa includes many states, including Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, Mali, Cameroon, Liberia. The population of this region is 210 million people. It is in this region that Nigeria (195 million people) is located - the largest country in terms of population in Africa, and Cape Verde - a very small island state with a population of about 430 thousand people.
Agriculture plays the main role in the economy. West African countries are leaders in the collection of cocoa beans (Ghana, Nigeria), peanuts (Senegal, Niger), palm oil (Nigeria).
Central African countries
Central Africa is located in the western part of the mainland and lies in the equatorial and subequatorial belt. This area is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Guinea. There are a lot of rivers in Central Africa: Congo, Ogowe, Kwanza, Kvilu. The climate is humid and hot. This area includes 9 countries, including Congo, Chad, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola.
In terms of natural resources, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is one of the richest countries on the continent. Here are the unique rainforests - the Selva of Africa, which make up 6% of the rainforests of the whole world.
Angola is a major export supplier. Coffee, fruits, sugar cane are exported abroad. And in Gabon, copper, oil, manganese, and uranium are mined.
East African countries
The shores of East Africa are washed by the Red Sea, as well as the course of the Nile. The climate in the area in each country is different. For example, the Seychelles are characterized as humid maritime tropics dominated by monsoons. At the same time, Somalia, also belonging to East Africa, is a desert where there are practically no rainy days. This area includes Madagascar, Rwanda, Seychelles, Uganda, Tanzania.
Some East African countries are characterized by the export of specific products that are not available in other African countries. Kenya exports tea and coffee, while Tanzania and Uganda export cotton.
Many people are interested in where is the capital of Africa? Naturally, each country has its own own capital, but the capital of Ethiopia, the city of Addis Ababa, is considered the heart of Africa. It has no access to the sea, but it is here that representative offices of all countries of the mainland are located.
Rice. 3. Addis Ababa.
South African countries
South Africa includes South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland.
The Republic of South Africa is the most developed in its region, and Swaziland is the smallest. Swaziland borders South Africa and Mozambique. The population of the country is only 1.3 million people. This region is located in the tropical and subtropical climate zone.
List of African countries with capitals
- Algiers (capital - Algiers)
- Angola (capital - Luanda)
- Benin (capital - Porto-Novo)
- Botswana (capital - Gaborone)
- Burkina Faso (capital - Ouagadougou)
- Burundi (capital - Bujumbura)
- Gabon (capital - Libreville)
- Gambia (capital - Banjul)
- Ghana (capital - Accra)
- Guinea (capital - Conakry)
- Guinea-Bissau (capital - Bissau)
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (capital - Kinshasa)
- Djibouti (capital - Djibouti)
- Egypt (capital - Cairo)
- Zambia (capital - Lusaka)
- Western Sahara (capital - El Aaiun)
- Zimbabwe (capital - Harare)
- Cape Verde (capital - Praia)
- Cameroon (capital - Yaounde)
- Kenya (capital - Nairobi)
- Comoros (capital - Moroni)
- Congo (capital - Brazzaville)
- Cote d'Ivoire (table - Yamoussoukro)
- Lesotho (capital - Maseru)
- Liberia (capital - Monrovia)
- Libya (capital - Tripoli)
- Mauritius (capital - Port Louis)
- Mauritania (capital - Nouakchott)
- Madagascar (capital - Antananarivo)
- Malawi (capital - Lilongwe)
- Mali (capital - Bamako)
- Morocco (capital - Rabat)
- Mozambique (capital - Maputo)
- Namibia (capital - Windhoek)
- Niger (capital - Niamey)
- Nigeria (capital - Abuja)
- Saint Helena (capital - Jamestown) (UK)
- Reunion (capital - Saint-Denis) (France)
- Rwanda (capital - Kigali)
- Sao Tome and Principe (capital - Sao Tome)
- Swaziland (capital - Mbabane)
- Seychelles (capital - Victoria)
- Senegal (capital - Dakar)
- Somalia (capital - Mogadishu)
- Sudan (capital - Khartoum)
- Sierra Leone (capital - Freetown)
- Tanzania (capital - Dodoma)
- Togo (capital - Lome)
- Tunisia (capital - Tunisia)
- Uganda (capital - Kampala)
- Central African Republic (capital - Bangui)
- Chad (capital - N'Djamena)
- Equatorial Guinea (capital - Malabo)
- Eritrea (capital - Asmara)
- Ethiopia (capital - Addis Ababa)
- Republic of South Africa (capital - Pretoria)
What have we learned?
Africa is the hottest continent on Earth. There are 54 independent states on the territory of the mainland, which belong to one of five regions: North Africa, East Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, South Africa. African countries and their capitals are unique. Each country has its own characteristics and characteristics.
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