"Lines" - Take the thread. Conditions for mastering the basic concepts by students. Examples broken lines. Draw a closed line. How many links does this broken line have. How to measure the length of a curved line. Line examples. What is a line. Let's take a straight line. Look at the lines. Measuring the length of a polyline is much easier. visual models.
"Flat geometric shapes" - Riddle. All four sides are the same length. Every angle in it is right. Three corners, three sides, Can be of different lengths. Who am I, friends? I have no corners, And I look like a saucer, On a plate and on a lid, On a ring, on a wheel.
"Introduction to geometric shapes" - Acquaintance with geometric shapes. Kingdom. What is a square. Fizminutka. What is a rectangle. Inhabitants of the "Kingdom of Geometry". Difference. Geometry. How many clown fish live in an aquarium. Find a square. Four sides. How many squirrels lived near the lake. Right angle. Second grader. Beads. Rectangle.
"Polylines and polygons" - Questions. oral work. Broken polygons. Start and end points. Consolidation of new material. A figure formed by a finite set of line segments. Let's look at the drawings. Plane. The sum of the lengths. The sides of which polyline do not have self-intersection points. Simple broken lines. Polygons are subdivided into triangles.
"Polyline" - Triangle. Look at the drawings of Katya and Petya. Turn Vova's notes into true equalities. Which figure in Petya's drawing is "extra". Equality and inequality. What groups can these figures be divided into. broken line. Mathematics. Writing numbers. Closed broken line. What would you name this figure.
"Curve and straight line" - How to continue a series of shapes. The point split the line into two parts - two rays. We draw a straight line along the ruler. Straight and curved lines. Compare the number of figures in the groups. Mathematics. Which figure in the figure is "extra". Ray. What names could you think of for the lines. Help Katya and Lena break the lines on the drawing.
In total there are 19 presentations in the topic
Abstract of the GCD lesson “Knowledge. Formation of elementary mathematical representations”. Topic: "Generalization of knowledge about geometric shapes»
Author: Ustinova Elena Aleksandrovna teacher of the group of pre-school preparation of the branch of MBOU Sosnovskaya secondary school No. 1 in the village of Semikino, Sosnovsky district, Tambov region.Material Description: I offer you a summary of the lesson on the formation of elementary mathematical representations on the topic "Generalization of knowledge about geometric shapes." It will be useful for teachers working with older preschoolers. The outline of the lesson aims to game form generalize the existing knowledge of the older preschooler about geometric shapes and their properties.
Educational area: knowledge.
Kind of immediate educational activities: the formation of elementary mathematical representations.
Integration educational areas: "Cognition", "Communication", "Socialization", "Health", "Reading fiction"," Artistic creativity.
Audience: the summary of the lesson is designed for teachers working with older preschoolers, as well as for parents of older preschoolers, children 5-7 years old.
Target: generalization of previously acquired knowledge about geometric shapes and their properties.
Tasks:
to teach the ability to find geometric shapes in the surrounding space; visual recognition and transformation of geometric shapes, recreating them according to their representation, description.
to promote the development of spatial representations, figurative and logical thinking, creative imagination;
to educate children's interest in geometry, group work skills.
Methodical methods:
Verbal: explanation, reminder, clarification, assessment of children's activities, indication, conversation, artistic word, questions.
Visual: display pictures with geometric shapes.
Practical: coloring drawings, highlighting and counting figures, designing objects according to pre-prepared sketches and templates, working with signal cards, physical. minute, finger gymnastics.
Game: creating a game situation.
Problematic: help Masha and the Bear fold the picture, get to the house.
Region Integration:
cognition: (improve children's counting skills, practice counting within 10, learn to design objects from geometric shapes, learn to recognize geometric shapes in surrounding objects);
health: to consolidate the acquired knowledge with children in conducting a complex of games, dynamic pauses, practical exercises; help increase the overall performance of children, relieve mental stress, easily switch from one type of activity to another;
socialization: encourage children to join in a game situation with adults, develop emotional responsiveness, goodwill;
communication: to master elementary skills of speech etiquette;
fiction: reading poetry and riddles about geometric shapes;
artistic creativity: drawing kittens using geometric shapes, coloring coloring pages with colored pencils.
Equipment:
for the teacher - a computer, a projector, a multimedia board, pictures of geometric shapes, visual aids with figures, pictures with fairy-tale characters;
for children - coloring books, colored pencils, a set of geometric patterns, cards with numbers.
Direct educational activity.
1. Org. moment.
- Guys, they came to our lesson today. fairy-tale heroes Masha and the Bear.
They did not come empty-handed, but prepared tasks and questions for us, to which we must find the correct answers with you. If we answer correctly, we will earn prizes from our heroes.
1) Riddle:
My little brother, Seryozha,
Mathematician and draftsman -
On the table at Baba Shura
Draws all sorts ... (figures)
- Our lesson is devoted to geometric shapes. Let's remember what geometric shapes we know (the teacher shows drawings of figures and reads a poem).
He's been my friend for a long time
Every corner is right
All four sides are the same length
I am glad to introduce myself to you, but my name is ... (square!)
We stretched the square
And presented at a glance
Who did he look like
Or something very similar?
Not a brick, not a triangle -
It became a square ... (rectangle).
Three peaks are visible here,
Three corners, three sides, -
Well, perhaps enough! -
What do you see? - ...(triangle)
The wheel rolled
After all, it looks like
Like a visual nature
Only for a round figure.
Got it, dear friend?
Well, of course, this is ... (circle).
A slice of watermelon is a semicircle,
Half a circle, part of it, a piece.
Knowing about forms is very important, friend.
No wonder it is among these lines!
If I took a circle,
Squeezed a little on both sides
Answer children together -
It would have turned out ... (oval)
triangle filed
And got the shape:
Two obtuse corners inside
And two sharp ones - look.
Not a square, not a triangle
And it looks like a polygon (trapezoid).
Slightly flattened square
Invites to know:
Acute angle and obtuse
Forever bound by fate.
Guess what's the matter?
How do we name the figure? (rhombus).
Six obtuse corners inside
Look at the figure
And imagine that from a square
Got his brother.
Too many corners here
Are you ready to name it? (hexagon)
We get down to business again
Studying the body again:
Can he become a ball
And fly a little.
Very round, not oval.
Guessed? This is ... (ball).
How can we not turn it
There are exactly six equal faces.
We can play loto with him,
Let's just be careful:
He is neither kind nor rude
Because it is ... (cube).
Lid on top, bottom on bottom.
Two circles connected
And got a figure.
What is the name of the body?
We must quickly guess (cylinder).
Here is the cap on the head -
It's a clown on the grass.
But the cap is not a pyramid
You can see it right away, brothers:
Circle at the base of the cap.
What is his name then? (cone).
The Egyptians laid them down
And so cleverly made
What are they worth for centuries.
Guess yourself kids
What are these bodies?
Where is the peak visible to everyone?
Guessed? Because of the look
Everyone knows ... (pyramid).
It looks like a bucket
But a completely different bottom:
Not a circle but a triangle
Or even a hexagon.
The body is very capricious
Because it is ... (prism).
2) Logic tasks:
Name the figures. Which one is redundant? Why? Name the color of each shape.
What do these figures have in common? What is the difference? Find two identical figures. What signs of triangles do you know?
What are the names of the figures? What do they have in common? Which figure is redundant and why? Which of the figures is the largest? And what is the smallest?
2. Physical education (performed according to the drawing on the board)
How many dots are in this circle
Let's raise our hands so many times.
How many sticks to the point
We stand on our toes so much.
How many green Christmas trees
Let's make so many bends.
How many circles do we have here
So many jumps.
3. The game "Fold the picture."
- Masha and the Bear offer to put pictures of geometric shapes on ready-made cards. To do this, we will be divided into two groups. Each group will make their own picture. But first, let's take a closer look at the cards. Name the geometric shapes that make up the pictures. How many figures are there? What color is the shape? First you need to fold the picture, looking at the card, and then from memory.
4. Riddles from Masha and the Bear.
look at the figure
And in the album draw
Three corners. three sides
Connect with each other.
It turned out not a square,
And beautiful ... (triangle).
I am a figure - no matter where,
Always very smooth
All angles in me are equal
And four sides.
Cube is my favorite brother
Because I…. (square).
He looks like an egg
Or on your face.
Here is a circle -
Very strange appearance
The circle became flattened.
It turned out suddenly .... (oval).
Like a plate, like a wreath
Like a cheerful bun
Like wheels, like rings
Like a cake from a warm oven! (circle)
Slightly flattened square
Invites to know:
Acute angle and obtuse
Forever bound by fate.
Guess what's the matter?
How do we name the figure? (rhombus).
This figure is a brother to our square
But he only has two equal sides,
And the corners are all the same ... (rectangle)
It's a month in the clouds
And half - apples in the hands.
If you suddenly break the circle,
You will get ... (semicircle).
5. Finger game "Kittens" (author: Pakhomova E.V.)
(We fold our palms, press our fingers against each other. Elbows rest on the table)
Our cat has ten kittens,
(We shake our hands without separating them).
Now all the kittens are in pairs:
Two fat, two dexterous,
Two long, two tricky,
The two smallest
And the most beautiful.
(We tap the corresponding fingers against each other from the thumb to the little finger).
- Compare kittens. How are they similar and how are they different?
- Count how many triangles are in the picture?
- How many clubs?
- Try to draw your kittens. You can use other shapes.
6. Practical work"Geometric coloring".
- Masha and the Bear ask you to color the picture with colored pencils and count how many geometric shapes you have found.
- How many circles?
- How many triangles?
- How many squares?
- How many rectangles?
7. Checking knowledge.
- Children, Masha and the Bear really liked how you worked in class today. They have prepared a surprise for you. And now they need to go back. But our heroes have forgotten the way. Let's help them get home. A map will help us in this, on which objects are depicted by geometric shapes.
How can we get across the river? (by bridge or by boat)
What geometric shapes did we see? (semicircle, trapezoid)
- In the form of what figure is the path in the forest depicted? (curve line)
- On the way we met a lake, what figure is it depicted in? (oval)
- Around the lake, the path leads past the flower meadow? What figure is she depicted in? (around)
- So we came to the Bear's house. What figure represents the fence near the house? (broken line)
- What figures is the Bear's house built of? (rectangles, triangle, circles). Well done guys, you did a great job!
Tatiana Pivovarova
Synopsis of GCD on FEMP "Circle in the country of polygons" for children of the preparatory group
Target: expand view children about geometric shapes.
Tasks:
Educational: consolidate knowledge children about geometric shapes, to give new knowledge and polygons. Exercise in quantitative and ordinal counting within 10.
Educational: develop at children logical thinking , ingenuity, attention. Develop the ability to understand learning task and do it yourself.
Educational: educate children interest in mathematics. educate at children feeling kindness, empathy.
Materials for direct educational activities: geometric figures-dolls made of cardboard, with a painted face, with an elastic band at the back for attaching to hand: red circle, pentagon, trapezium, square, blue polygon With big amount sides and with a crown; tape recorder, cardboard "Houses" polygons, "castle", a picture with an oval lying on the bed, "a note circle» from several numbered sheets, scissors by number children, pencils, sheets of paper, squares of white paper, sheets of paper with drawn hexagons by number children, "money polygons» - beautifully colored cardboard triangles, "ticket to the palace", cardboard "steps" to the palace, matches, plasticine.
The course of continuing education activities:
"Appears" (introduced by teacher) game character: big red circle(the educator speaks for all the characters-geometric figures, he also reproduces the movements of the characters). sings: “I have no corners and I look like a saucer, a medal, a pancake, an aspen leaf .. Who are you, where go? We were 3 brothers - 3 funny circle. The whole day we had fun, and circled and rolled. But one of my brothers became lazy, did not want to roll, became a lot of sleep and just lie in bed. His sides sagged, and he ceased to be around. It now looks like a big yellow melon and it has become difficult for it to roll. (Task #1). What kind of figure do you think he became? (oval) Show photo (picture - oval on the bed). And another friend of mine disappeared a few days ago. He went for a walk in the mountains and did not return. Do you know where my brother is? Haven't met him? Have you seen anyone like me?
One kind figure sent me a note where I can look for my brother - blue circle. But it is encrypted, you need to put the leaves in the order of numbers, but I can’t count, I circle, from geometric shapes only polygons they know how - they have sides and angles and they constantly count them. Can `t you help me? (Task #2). Hands out leaflets to children, children lay them out and read the phrase "Seek in the kingdom polygons» .
Circle: Strange. Let's go to the kingdom polygons? Close your eyes, there is a very bright light on the border. (Children close their eyes and walk to the music in place).
Circle A: Here we are. Here's someone's house, let's knock. Who is that sitting inside in the dark? "House Owner" answers - I don’t even know who I am ... In our country the more angles, the better. I was a square, and at night the mouse gnawed off my corner and now I'm shy. Can you find out what kind of figure I have become? Near my house there are scissors and paper squares. (Task #3). Children find out what he has become figure: cut off the corner of the paper squares and count the corners of the resulting figure - this is a pentagon. Pleased "pentagon" appears, thanks, and advises to go to his neighbor - the quadrangle.
They came, they knock, he does not open, he asks to guess what he is quadrilateral: not a square, its upper side is smaller than the lower one, and the sides are the same. I am a quadrilateral lady! (Task number 4).Near the house paper, pencils. Children draw, guess - this is a trapezoid. The trapeze comes out and sadly says that her house will soon collapse, it would be necessary to have a new one. The kids agree to help.
Fizminutka:
One two three four five. (Children jump in place)
Let's build and play.
We are building a big, tall house. (Stand on tiptoes and stretch hands up)
We put the windows, we cut the roof. (Show the window, the roof with your hands - close your hands above your head).
Triangular roof, higher. (Sipping again.)
Stacking logs together (Turns with outstretched straight arms)
Paint the door evenly. (Tilts)
We make a window in the basement,
for the cat to catch mice. (squats).
That's it, master, come in, look at your house.
Trapeze: Well, thank you! You need to ask where to look for a brother circle, in the royal palace. Our King, Chief polygon, knows everything that is done in his kingdom. Take these 9 triangles - we have that kind of money, and go buy a ticket at Uncle Square's shop.
Uncle Square: Hello children! A ticket costs 1 six-corner, and you have three-corners ... I got old and forgot how many three-corners are in a six-corner. (Task number 5) Try to divide the hexagon into equal triangles yourself, here are sheets of paper with drawn hexagons and pencils. I only remember to connect the vertices of the hexagon. Children perform exercise: (2 ways - with lines crossing in the center, or 2 side triangles are immediately drawn, and the remaining square is divided into 4 more parts.) Counting: 6 triangles.
We buy a ticket, go to the palace. Found on the ticket inscription: only one who places on each step can enter matchstick polygons, from smallest to largest by number of steps (6 steps). Circle invites the children to break into pairs to agree which pair will make which figure. The circle asks how many matches do you need to take to make a pentagon and a hexagon? Do children know main secret polygons? (How many corners, so many sides). (Task #6). Children make polygons from matches and plasticine and place them in order on the steps.
We enter the palace. Who comes out to us? Main polygon.
Circle: Is that my brother? How did you get here?
ex blue circle tells: I fell from the mountain, and while rolling, pieces broke off and a thousand-sided turned out. Polygons found me and immediately made me king, because there are so many corners in their no one had a country! Now the king polygon countries – polygon with a huge number of sides, it looks like circle. It turns out that the more polygon sides, the more it looks like circle!
Red the circle thanks the children A: Thanks guys for your help! I found my brother, I couldn't have done it without you!
Related publications:
Synopsis of GCD on FEMP in the second junior group “Night. One is many. Circle": Knowledge of Blim - Section: FEMP Tayryby - Theme: Night. One is many. Circle. Masaty - Purpose: To continue to introduce.
Synopsis of the didactic game-lesson on FEMP "Circle" in the second junior group Elena Ochkurova Synopsis of the didactic game-lesson "Circle in the second junior group. Purpose To clarify children's knowledge of a geometric figure -.
Summary of the final integrated lesson on FEMP and English in the preparatory group "Alice in Wonderland" Prepared by: Machula Margarita Alexandrovna Topic: Alice in Wonderland Purpose: the formation of elementary mathematical concepts. Educational.
Synopsis of directly educational on FEMP with children of the middle group "In the country of geometric shapes" Tasks: To identify the knowledge, ideas, skills that children have received during school year. Improve your ability to relate.
Sections: Working with preschoolers , Correctional Pedagogy
Educational tasks: Consolidation of knowledge about polygons. Refinement of characteristic features of polygons: sides, corners, vertices.
Correction and developmental tasks: Formation of the ability to draw and arrange polygons in a row using a geometric stencil ruler. The development of combinatorial abilities, the ability to transform figures in different ways (cutting corners, overlaying figures on top of each other). Development of mental operations: analysis, synthesis, comparison; visual, auditory attention, hand-eye coordination.
Educational tasks: Education of comradely relationships, the ability to work in a subgroup.
Material: Envelope, demonstration flannelgraph, geometric figures for placement on the flannelgraph, leaflets, geometric rulers, markers, pencils, three squares, scissors for each child.
Preliminary work: Drawing up and guessing descriptive stories - riddles about geometric shapes (circle, oval, triangle, square, rectangle, pentagon, etc.). Distinguish and name geometric shapes and compare them.
Individual work: Help in drawing polygons in ascending order, starting with the figure with the fewest angles and sides.
Lesson progress
I. Organizational moment
- Guys, I received a letter from Pinocchio, he asks us to help him "deal" with polygons and complete interesting, exciting tasks. His teacher Malvina gave him various difficult tasks, and he himself can't get carried away, that's why he asks us for help. Let's help Pinocchio. (Yes)
Reading a poem:
Every day, always, everywhere
In the classroom, in the game,
Boldly, clearly answer
And we help each other!
- I suggest you first answer what polygons are. But before you answer, let each of you take any polygon from a geometric panel.
(Children answer, name their chosen figures, and then the teacher summarizes with the children: “That all figures that have three or more angles, vertices and sides are called polygons”)
The teacher opens the envelope and reads the first task - riddles.
2. Riddles “Recognize the figure”.
Children place guessed figures on a demonstration flannelograph.
I have no corners
And I look like a saucer
On a plate and on a lid
On the ring and wheel.
Who am I, friends?
Call me. (Circle)
Triangle stuck his nose
In a jet vacuum cleaner.
I am like an egg
And just like the letter O.
I'm almost like a circle - a kid,
I am like a cucumber. (Oval)Angry spatula tail fish
Bit off half a square -
A whole corner, believe it or not!
Who is he, poor thing, now?
(Triangle)The square stood on the corner -
He poked his nose into the ceiling.
Up he grew another five days.
How to call it now? (Rhombus)And without a nose, he, - oh, my God! -
Looked like a skirt.
The most interesting thing
What is his name now. (trapeze)
He has long been my acquaintance,
Every corner is right.
All four sides
the same length,
I'm glad to present it to you
And his name is ...... (square).For the figure of this bee
There is no better place in the whole world.
(Hexagon)
On our soccer ball
It is painted black.
(Pentagon)Four corners, like a square I have,
But I don’t dare to call myself a square,
And yet, it looks like a square,
by the way, two long sides and two
shorter. (Rectangle)Eight flies on the edge of the saucer
Laughing at the spider -
He tied them around
Cobwebs to each other.
There are eight cobwebs too.
Who can name the figure?
(Octagon)
- Well done, you correctly named the figures, but Pinocchio asks not only to solve riddles, but also to answer whether all the guessed figures are polygons, if not, then which ones are “superfluous”.
Children name extra shapes - not related to the group of polygons (circle, oval) and argue their choice. The teacher removes the “extra” figures from the flannelograph.
3. Task “Position the polygons correctly”.
The teacher takes out blank sheets of paper from the envelope.
- In this task, Pinocchio asks to draw polygons on the leaves using a stencil geometric ruler in increasing sequence from left to right in a row, starting with the figure with the fewest angles and sides.
The geometric stencil ruler also shows: a circle, an oval and a semicircle for the complexity of execution.
- You did a great job with this task, and now I propose to complete a physical education minute.
4. Physical education "What did we do?".
Children perform movements according to the text.
We went swimming on Monday
And on Tuesday - painting.
On Wednesday they washed for a long time,
And on Thursday we played football
On Friday we jumped and ran
They danced for a very long time.
And on Saturday, Sunday -
We rested all day.
5.
Task "Count".The teacher gets next task from an envelope.
- In the envelope, Pinocchio sent cards with the image of various figures. He asks to count only the polygons on each card. (The teacher distributes a card to each). You need to count and write the number with a marker reverse side is the total number of polygons.
6. Visual gymnastics.
We counted the figures (Children blink frequently without straining their eyes)
Our eyes are tired.
One two three four five,
Let's blink our eyes.
Let them rest a little (Children close their eyes)
And start blinking again. (Eyes open and blink normally)
7. The game "Transform the figure."
- Pinocchio offers to complete the last difficult task:
Each child has three squares.
- Cut off the corners of the square and name the resulting figure ( hexagon).
- Put two squares on top of each other and glue so that you get an “asterisk”.
Children together count the angles, vertices and sides of new polygons.
8.
Summary of the lesson.The envelope is empty and our lesson ends. Did you like our lesson today?
- We coped with all the tasks, did we help Pinocchio?
What tasks were easy for you to complete?
What tasks were difficult for you?
The guys share their impressions of the lesson, and the teacher reports that all the tasks they completed (cards and received figures) will be sent to Pinocchio in a letter.
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Slides captions:
Polygon
Letter from Pinocchio
TASK 1 PUZZLES
"Recognize the figure!"
I have no corners, But I look like a saucer, On a plate and on a lid, On a ring and a wheel. Who am I, friends? Call me. CIRCLE
The triangle stuck its nose into the jet vacuum cleaner. I'm like an egg, And just like the letter O. I'm almost like a circle - a kid, I'm like a cucumber. OVAL
Evil fish tail - shovel Bit off half a square - A whole corner, believe it or not! Who is he, poor thing, now? TRIANGLE
He stood square on the corner - Poked his nose into the ceiling. Up he grew another five days. How to call it now? RHOMBUS
And without a nose, he, - oh, my God! - Looked like a skirt. Most interesting, what is his name now. TRAPEZIA
SQUARE He's been my friend for a long time, Every angle in it is straight. All four sides are of the same length, I am glad to introduce him to you, And his name is ...
For this figure of a bee In the whole world there is no better HEXAGON
On our football ball In black it is all painted PENTAGON
I have four corners, like a square, But I dare not call myself a square, And yet, it looks like a square, by the way, two long sides and two shorter ones. RECTANGLE
Eight flies on the edge of the saucer Laughing at the spider - He tied them in a circle with cobwebs to each other. There are eight cobwebs too. Who can name the figure? OCTAGON
TASK 2 GAME "WHAT'S EXTRA"
TASK 3 "Arrange the polygons"
VISUAL GYMNASTICS
TASK 4 "GUESS - KA"
We are taking boards to the mountain, We will build a new one ...
Winter and summer one color
One fire warms the whole world
PHYSICAL MINUTE
TASK 5 "TRANSFORM THE FIGURE"
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