slide 1
Be brave
Shteynikova L.N., teacher of history and social studies, Kudymkar, secondary school No. 1
slide 2
Have you experienced fear? What are the synonyms for the words "fear" and "courage"?
slide 3
Let's discuss together
When modern high school students were asked what fear is, some of them answered like this: “Fear is the enemy of man. His traitor. This is a premonition of something terrible. This is a weakness of a person "" Fear is a feeling that makes a person insignificant and even makes you feel not like a person, but an animal - the instinct of self-preservation works "
slide 4
What are people usually afraid of?
Pain Death Disease Punishment Loss of loved ones
What are you afraid of?
slide 5
Journey into the past
Fear haunted ancient people everywhere. In ancient Greek myths, it is said that from the marriage of Aphrodite, the goddess of beauty and love, and Ares, the treacherous god of war, the sons Deimos (horror) and Phobos (fear) were born. Ares, like his sister Eris, the goddess of quarrels and strife, tried to incite enmity, unfair and cruel wons. Not a secret. that at all times the war caused strong and unpleasant emotions.
slide 6
Slide 7
Sculpture by S. Erzya (Nefyodov) (1876-1959). Horror.
Art Gallery Saransk
Slide 8
In 1927, by the will of fate, S. Erzya ended up in Buenos Aires
With Leo TOLSTOY.
"Fiery". Tree (quebracho).
D. Erzya. Female portrait. Tree
Slide 9
Cheek brings success
In the dictionary of V.I. Dahl says that a brave person is a fearless, fearless, courageous, brave and determined person.
Courage versus cowardice
Slide 10
Is a brave person one who does not experience fear or has managed to overcome it?
Remember what examples of courage you know?
slide 11
Courage and body are connected.
A timid person can be recognized by the way he looks, how he walks unsteadily, how he uses his hands (more precisely, he does not use them), and how he stands crookedly. Courage is incompatible with neurotic stoop (clamps in the collar zone), when the head seems to be driven into the shoulders, as if hiding from another cuff. Courage is usually triggered by the eyes looking forward openly and directly (rather than introverted into oneself), by the wide back muscles moving the chest forward.
slide 12
slide 13
Vesuvius opened its mouth - smoke poured out in a club - the flames Widely developed like a battle banner. The earth is worried - Idols fall from the staggering columns! The people, driven by fear, Crowds, old and young, under inflamed ashes, Under stone rain, run away from the city.
What do you know about the fate of the city of Pompeii? By what signs can you determine how the feeling of fear of the inevitable that has arisen in people manifests itself? What examples of courage do you see on the canvas of the great master?
Slide 14
Courage
Courage is the energy and self-confidence to go forward and do what you want and see fit, despite fear or not seeing fear. Courage does not always mean the absence of fear. Courage is the ability to be stronger than fear: fear may be - this is most often an instinctive reaction. Courage is about being stronger than fear.
slide 15
national hero of Russia, the great Russian commander who did not suffer a single defeat in his military career(more than 60 battles), one of the founders of Russian military art
Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov (1729-1800)
His motto is "Fight not by numbers, but by skill."
slide 16
Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov was born on November 13, 1730 in Moscow. His father, General-in-Chief Vasily Ivanovich Suvorov, godson of Peter I. His mother, Evdokia Fedoseevna Manukova, died when Alexander was not yet 15 years old. Sasha Suvorov's childhood passed in the village, and then in a Moscow house in Pokrovskaya Sloboda. The child was small in stature, frail, thin, badly built and ugly, but frisky, mobile, quick-witted.
Slide 17
Slide 18
Need to remember
Corporal - junior rank commanders. Generalissimo is the highest military rank.
Hard to learn, easy to fight
Slide 19
Courageous people are not born.
Courage is nurtured. The ability to master oneself in the face of fear is the main property of a courageous person.
Slide 20
Courage or Courage
Courage, unlike courage, does not imply responsibility and the mandatory inclusion of the head. Therefore, courage can be impulsive, courage can also be from fear, a person-child can also be courageous, and only a thinking, adult person can be courageous. Courage, like any other manifestation of personality, is appropriate and inappropriate.
slide 21
Proverbs
To be afraid of a wolf - and to run away from a squirrel Where there is fear, there is shame. Fear has big eyes. The devil is not as scary as he is painted. To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest. A frightened crow is afraid of a bush. Fear walks on cockroach legs. Fear is the enemy's first helper.
slide 22
Psychologist's advice
If you are afraid to speak in front of the public, speak more often where it is scary, but not very, where you will be supported - for example, at a training in a training group. Gather your friends and perform in front of them - as long as it becomes easy for you. Next, gather 30 people and speak to them. Practice with such an audience until you get used to it and start to feel comfortable.
slide 23
"Cats and Dogs" - Dictionary. Group work plan. Mystery. The ancestors of dogs were wolves. Dog. Take good care of your pets. Cats. Why did man domesticate animals. Monument to the cat. Dogs and cats are true friends of man. What pets do you know. Cat. Topics for research. Issues for discussion. Breeds of cats and dogs.
"Amino acids and proteins" - For example, reds are attracted to yellow. Something similar happens in proteins. In the first case, the amino acids are called non-essential, and in the second - irreplaceable. Each amino acid molecule has a carbon atom attached to four substituents. The set of the latter is different for different organisms. Protein helps us digest food and fight disease.
"Afanasyev's New English Course" - Aims and Objectives. The purpose of the UMC. Advantages of UMC. Distinctive features of the UMC. Basic methodological principles. Educational and methodical complex. Achievement results. Prerequisites. New Deal in English For Russian schools. The basic principle of the WMC.
"Introspection of the lesson" - Forms of learning. self-analysis of the lesson. Logical connection between different stages of the lesson. Evaluative, when the conformity of the result of the lesson with the intended goals and plan is assessed. What features of the students were taken into account when planning the lesson. Methodical, when the lesson is analyzed from the standpoint of the existing requirements for the lesson.
"Honor and dignity" - Complementarity of honor and dignity. The highest manifestation of human dignity is usually called nobility. Honor has a pronounced class-status character. Sometimes there is a "wrong" understanding of honor and dignity. New and modern times. Primitiveness. Honor and dignity mutually presuppose and complement each other.
"Names of people" - With people, Roman is generous and kind, unaffected, objective. Kira's name female form from male name Cyrus. Anya, my parents called me, The purpose of the project: Mommy wanted Katyusha, And a son, Maksyusha, was born. The popularity of the name Maria 2005, MOU "Gymnasium No. 6". Maksyusha, Masenka, Maxim! Artyom, artyomka, artyomushka.
Courage and cowardice Final essay 2017 Within the framework of this section, you can reflect on the following topics: Courage and cowardice as personality traits, like two sides of the same coin.
- Courage/cowardice as personality traits conditioned by reflexes.
- True and false courage/cowardice.
- Courage as a manifestation of excessive self-confidence.
- Courage and risk taking.
- Courage/cowardice and self-confidence.
- Relationship between cowardice and selfishness.
- The difference between rational fear and cowardice.
- The connection between courage and humanity
Within this section, you can reflect on the concepts: willpower, fortitude, the ability to say no, the courage to stand up for your ideals, the courage necessary to defend what you believe in. And you can also talk about cowardice, as the inability to defend one's ideals and principles.
- Courage or cowardice in making decisions.
- Courage and cowardice when accepting something new.
- Courage and cowardice when trying to get out of the comfort zone.
- Courage to admit the truth or admit your mistakes.
- The influence of courage and cowardice on the formation of personality. Contrasting two types of people.
- Courage/cowardice in life. Pettiness, inability to show courage in a particular life situation.
- Courage / cowardice in war and in extreme conditions.
- Courage and cowardice in love.
War exposes the most basic human fears. In war, a person is able to show previously unknown traits of character. Sometimes a person surprises himself by showing heroism and hitherto unseen fortitude. And sometimes even good people, contrary to his expectations, shows cowardice. Within the framework of this section, the concept of heroism, heroism, as well as desertion, betrayal, etc. are associated with courage / cowardice.
- Courage courage, determination, courage, heroism, enterprise, arrogance, self-confidence, energy; presence, uplifting of spirit; spirit, courage, desire (to tell the truth), audacity; fearlessness, fearlessness, fearlessness; fearlessness, determination, daring, heroism, courage, riskiness, desperation, prowess, trouble, valor, courage, masculinity.
- Cowardice timidity, timidity, cowardice, suspiciousness, indecision, hesitation, fear; timidity, fear, shyness, cowardice, timidity, fearfulness, capitulation, cowardice, cowardice
Excessive courage is the same vice as excessive timidity. (B. Johnson)
Cowardice can never be moral. (M. Gandhi)
A coward sends threats only when he is sure of safety. (I. Goethe)
The difference between the brave and the coward is that the former, conscious of the danger, does not feel fear, while the latter feels fear, unaware of the danger. ( V. O. Klyuchevsky)
To be afraid of love is to be afraid of life, and to be afraid of life is to be two-thirds dead. (Bertrand Russell)
Love doesn't mix well with fear. (N. Machiavelli)
Sample Topics
Is cowardice always the lot of the weak?
Is every act of courage rational?
Cowardice is one of the main problems of mankind
What should be the punishment for cowardice?
Courage and bravery are not the same
Is there an excuse for cowardice?
Why can courageous actions be harmful?
Is courage always needed?
Cowardice Cowardice is the most ancient human vice, And one must be especially wise here, To make a simple breakthrough through fear And preserve the courage in everyday life! And envy has long crept into the masses, But there is an unexpected turn - When in broad daylight, who is unkind, Blind nonsense contemptuously carries! And smiling to himself maliciously, I am glad to choke on my own sting, If only no one could see - The soul is empty, and in the heart there is discord! COURAGE
- It's good to be brave, but it's scary... A madman can not be afraid, And walk along the edge, where it's dangerous, Is it courage? Of course not. Fear is always present in us, in everyone, Someone is closer or farther, Having overcome fear in oneself once, You can live in honor and without falsehood. And pull up a boor in the train, Drowning pull ashore, Save the weak from a bully, If a person believes in himself. Fear should not control the mind, To mock you later, Therefore, every minute we need to remain a man
Cowardice is one of the worst human vices.
I dare to answer you.
Cowardice - the worst human vice.
M.A. Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita
- Equipped with the power to execute and pardon, the procurator could save the wandering philosopher, but he pronounced the death sentence on the accused. Why did he do this? He was driven by fear, and he himself admitted it “Do you think, unfortunate man, that the Roman procurator will release a man who said what you said?” Oh gods, gods! Or do you think I'm ready to take your place?" The procurator showed cowardice and doomed an innocent person to death
Fisherman shows cowardice He is so afraid of death that forgets about his duty as a defender of the Fatherland and thinks only of saving himself at any cost. Cowardice pushes him to terrible deeds: he was ready to betray his disposition partisan detachment, agreed to serve in the police and even took part in the execution of his friend Sotnikov.
Rybak signed his own sentence. Obviously, cowardice turned into physical death for a worthy person and moral death for a cowardly one.
Another hero who goes through a test of his character - Nikolay Rostov. When the plot logic leads him to the Shengraben battlefield, the “moment of truth” arrives. Until that time, the hero is absolutely confident in his courage and that he will not disgrace himself in battle
L.N. Tolstoy. Novel "War and Peace"
But, having seen the true face of the war, coming close to death, Rostov realizes the impossibility of murder and death. “It can't be that they want to kill me,” he thinks, running away from the French. He is confused. Instead of shooting, he throws his gun at the enemy. His fear is not fear of the enemy. He is possessed by a "feeling of fear for his happy young life."
L.N. Tolstoy. Novel "War and Peace"
In the novel, Tolstoy describes Zherkov's behavior in the Battle of Shengraben. Zherkov's cowardice leads to sad consequences
Zherkov is sent with an order to the left flank. However, on the way he is cowardly. He does not convey this important order: "... as soon as he drove away from Bagration, the forces betrayed him. An insurmountable fear came over him, and he could not go where it was dangerous. Having approached the troops of the left flank, he did not go forward where there was shooting, but began to look for the general and the chiefs where they could not be, and therefore did not give orders ... "
L.N. Tolstoy. Novel "War and Peace"
Through the fault of Zherkov, many people suffer in the battle of Shengraben. First, Tushin's battery comes under fire. Because of Zherkov, Tushin's battery does not know that it is necessary to retreat. Therefore, Tushin bravely fights to the last. Timokhin's company is heroically fighting here. Thus, Zherkov's cowardice leads to sad consequences. Saving "his skin", Zherkov puts his colleagues under fire.
M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin "The wise scribbler"
A cautionary tale about the dangers of fear. Piskar lived and trembled all his life. He considered himself very clever because he made a cave in which he could be safe, but reverse side such an existence has become a complete absence real life. He did not create a family, did not find friends, did not breathe deeply, did not eat his fill, did not live, just sat in his hole. He sometimes thought about whether there is any benefit from his existence for someone, he understood that there was not, but fear did not allow him to leave his comfort and safety zone. So he died without knowing any joy in this life.
The story of Y. Kazakov "Quiet morning".
- Two young hero went fishing. Suddenly, disaster struck: one of them fell into the river and began to drown. His comrade Yashka was frightened and, leaving his friend, ran away. He showed cowardice. However, a few moments later, he came to his senses, realizing that no one could help Volodya, except for himself. And then Yashka returned and, overcoming his fear, dived into the water. He managed to save Volodya. We see that even in such an extreme situation, a person can overcome cowardice and commit a bold act.
The author shows a little boy who was terrorized by older and stronger classmates. For a long time, the hero meekly and meekly parted with his things. He did not have the courage to confront the offenders. However, in the end, the hero found the strength to overcome cowardice and repulse the hooligans. And despite the fact that they were physically stronger and, of course, beat him, he was determined not to give up and continue to defend his breakfasts and, most importantly, his dignity: “Come what may. Let them beat me, I will do it every day.”
A person is able to overcome cowardice in himself and fight what inspires fear in him.
Once it happened that a man stopped for the night at an inn. Late in the evening he had supper and left the next morning. A year later, he again found himself at the same inn. Seeing him, the innkeeper was shocked. - Are you alright? he asked the traveller. -Everything is fine. And what? “We were very afraid,” said the innkeeper. “You see, the last time you stayed here, a snake fell into the pot of food you were served. Four other people ate this food, and they soon died. We couldn't imagine what happened to you because you left so early. We were so worried about you. Hearing this, the traveler said: - What? Is there a snake in my food? - and dropped dead. In a year! He died of fear.
One day, many worthy warriors gathered in order to check who among them is the most courageous and fearless. They fought with swords, fought with fists, walked with bare hands against a bear and a tiger. But no matter how many trials these warriors arranged for themselves, none of them helped to choose the most courageous and fearless. And then they turned to a young girl who was watching their competitions with a request to choose the most courageous and fearless. The girl agreed and asked only one question: “Who will tell me about his weakness, about what he is most afraid of in his life?” None of the warriors could confess their weakness and fear to this young girl. And then she said: “The bravest is not the one who can defeat another person. The bravest is the one who can conquer his fear!” Look your fear in the eye and you will see yourself in it. Well, if it's you, then it's stupid to be afraid of yourself!
“The brave will find where the timid will lose”; “Strong is the one who brings down, stronger is the one who rises”; “Do not be brave on the stove, but do not be afraid in the field”; “It is better to fight as an eagle than to live as a hare”; “The dog barks at the brave, but bites the cowardly”; "Cheek brings success"; “You won’t be afraid of any misfortune”; "To be afraid of death is not to live in the world."
Our lesson has come to an end, and I want to say... I succeeded the most... For me, the discovery was that... Today at the lesson I learned... I was interested.. It was difficult for me... I realized that... I felt that... More I liked everything ... The lesson made me think ... (made me think) I am satisfied with my work in the lesson (not quite, not satisfied), because ...
What does it take to be brave?) and got the best answer
Answer from N - art ™[guru]
.
What does it take to be brave?
for me, courage is the ability to be yourself,
and control the mental state, mind and feelings in
any situation.
I think courage is required quality any normal
a developed person, it is It that makes a Man with a capital letter,
and to the maximum!
having as a quality, Courage reveals its full potential
in a person.
Courage is the engine that helps a person to aspire -
just move forward and reach your goals!
You need to be brave in order to act creatively,
not like everyone else, set the necessary tasks
and succeed!)
courage in life is simply necessary as a counterbalance to our
fears that prevent you from taking advantage of interesting opportunities.
some people are naturally more courageous, but there is nothing
impossible if a person embarked on the path of self-improvement!)
"If you've gone this far, can you go even further?
I don't care about your obstacles, I won't give up!"
.
.
Where does courage come from?
only from the denial of fear and from liberation from it?
No to get rid of fear, that's not all, it still needs to be understood
Where did it come from and discover in yourself its cause.
for me Courage is overcoming one's fear, and everyone's fears
are different.
for example, someone is afraid to jump with a parachute, fly on airplanes,
ride the subway, and some cannot even leave the house on their own.
what is courage for?
First, what is courage? it's not that they're not afraid of anything,
but on the contrary, to overcome your fear, this is the realization of the goal and the Self,
Believe in yourself!)
a brave person relies on his feelings - does not look for evidence,
He knows that life itself in the form of a result - gives evidence!
fearlessness, denial of fears does not mean their complete absence, no.
if a person in fright acts contrary to his feelings,
thinking that now is not the time and place to do this business,
does and immediately regrets it. .
even achieving the goal, not satisfied with the result, for this
All spent a lot of time and effort on this fear.
.
.
fear is expressed through word and deed, it can sometimes be traced.
to recognize it in oneself is closer to courage.
what does it look like?
"the eyes are afraid, the hands are doing", I think Courage is Belief in Oneself.
Fear goes away - if a person believes in himself.
I think Courage does not need to be proven.
if thoughts and feelings do not get along with each other, they go against each other
everything is accompanied by fear, sooner or later you come
into a dead end.
The mind often gives the right idea ... you need to deal with inner beliefs - and for this you need time to comprehend, it is necessary
feel. Feelings are practice... and the mind is theory.
sometimes the transition - both in one direction and in the other direction will be fraught
manifestation of cowardice.
a normal person with a mind always doubts - this is manifested
his intellect.
Having started any business with such an attitude, it is better not to hope for success,
because in a hurry is the full probability of error.
In any case, you need a mood!)
here it is important both the power of the Thought and the Word, and the correctness of the exact mood!)
you need to aim yourself at some accomplishment psychologically!
to achieve the goal! saying to myself:
"I want to be brave, I will be brave!"
.
.
If you set yourself the task of being brave - do not be shy,
already half the case, then there is, all the chances!
no need to look at how others evaluate, even forget
How do you rate yourself?
The essence of the battle is not in the fight as such, but in whether the goal is achieved.
Paulo Coelho
.
cont. in the comment
