Sunstroke bunin description. What is the meaning of the title of the story "Sunstroke". Metamorphosis of the lieutenant and its meaning

Ryazanova Polina, 11th grade

The presentation introduces the content of I. Bunin's story "Sunstroke" and helps to understand the position of the author of the work

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"Sunstroke" I. Bunin Prepared by 11th grade student Polina Ryazanova

"Sunstroke" (Bunin): summary While traveling on a ship, they meet a military man - a lieutenant and a young woman - a stranger. The author does not endow her with a name, however, as well as a lieutenant. They are just people, their history is not unique at all, similar to many of those that happen. The couple spend the night together. The young woman is embarrassed, but she has no remorse for what happened. It's just that she has to go, and it's time for him to get off the ship. The lieutenant easily releases the woman, escorts her to the pier and returns to his room. Here he is unsettled by the smell of her perfume, the half-finished cup of coffee they forgot to put away, the memory of last night still alive.

The lieutenant's heart is suddenly filled with a touching feeling, which he is unable to accept and tries to drown out by trying to continuously smoke cigarettes. As if looking for salvation from impending tenderness, he rushes into the city, wanders thoughtlessly through the market, passes among people and feels an emptiness in his soul. When an inexpressible feeling prevents him from thinking, thinking sensibly and reasoning, he decides to send her a telegram, but on the way to the post office he realizes that he does not know the name, surname of the woman, or her address. Back in his room, he feels ten years older. The lieutenant already understands that they will never meet again.

What is the story "Sunstroke" about? Bunin's work "Sunstroke" tells about the unexpected love that overtakes the main characters (lieutenant and stranger) while traveling on a ship. Both of them are not ready for the feeling that has appeared. Moreover, they have absolutely no time to figure it out: there is only one day, which decides the outcome of events. When the time comes to say goodbye, the lieutenant cannot even think about what kind of torment he will experience after the young woman leaves his comfortable room. Passes right before his eyes whole life, which is being measured, is now evaluated from the height of yesterday night and the feeling that bewitched the lieutenant.

Composition of the story The story can be conditionally divided into three parts, containing different semantic meanings: the first part is the moment when the lieutenant and the stranger are together. Both are confused, somewhat confused. The second compositional part: the moment of parting of the lieutenant and the young woman. The third part is the moment of awakening a tender feeling, which is difficult to control. The author very subtly shows the moments of transition from one compositional part to another, while the state of the main character, the lieutenant, gradually becomes the center of the narrative.

The ideological component of the story The meeting of the lieutenant and the stranger became for both of them akin to a real sunstroke, brought blindness with passion, and then a bitter insight. Bunin is talking about this. The book "Sunstroke" is fanned by a romantic beginning, tells about the need of everyone to love and be loved, but at the same time it is absolutely devoid of illusions. Perhaps the young men will see here the desire of the heroes to find their only love, but rather, this is an attempt to abandon love in favor of common sense: “We had to save ourselves ...” “This new feeling was too much happiness,” which, obviously, the heroes could not afford otherwise, one would have to change the entire established way of life, make some changes in oneself and change the environment.

The state of the stranger Bunin draws the image of a young woman whom the lieutenant meets on the ship without embellishment and does not endow her with special characteristics. She has no name - she is just a woman with whom a certain lieutenant spent the night. But the author very subtly emphasizes her experiences, anxieties and worries. The woman says, "I'm not at all what you might imagine me to be." Perhaps she was looking for in this fleeting connection the need to love and be loved. Perhaps for her everything that happened was nothing more than an accident, a surprise. It must be that in her married life (the presence of which is mentioned in the story) she did not receive enough warmth and attention. We see that the stranger does not make any plans, does not oblige the lieutenant in anything. That is why she does not consider it necessary to give her name. It is bitter and painful for her to leave, leaving the lieutenant forever, but she does this, obeying her intuition. She subconsciously already knows that their relationship will not end in anything good.

The state of the lieutenant As shown in the story, probably at the beginning main character was not ready to appreciate the feeling that had arisen for an unfamiliar woman. Therefore, he so easily releases her from him, believing that nothing binds them. Only when he returns to his room, he feels the signs of the beginning "fever" and understands that it cannot be avoided. He no longer belongs to himself, he is not free. He was suddenly incredibly affected by the atmosphere of the room in which they spent the night together: “there was still an unfinished cup of coffee on the table, the bed was still unmade, but it was gone.” The lieutenant cannot accept this feeling, in every possible way pushes it away from him, almost reaches a frenzy.

Metamorphosis of the lieutenant and its meaning The way his state of mind changes speaks of the awakening power of feelings. Perhaps the lieutenant, a military man, could not even imagine that some fleeting meeting with a woman would so turn his entire system of values ​​upside down, make him rethink the significance of life and rediscover its meaning. The theme of love the greatest secret, who knows no compromises, is revealed in the story "Sunstroke". Bunin analyzes the state of his hero, emphasizes the confusion and despair, as well as the bitterness with which he tries to suppress the awakening feeling of love in himself. In this unequal battle, it is quite difficult to win. The lieutenant is defeated and feels tired, ten years older.

The main idea of ​​the story Obviously, with his work, the author wanted to show the dramatic outcome of love. Meanwhile, each of us is always free to choose how to act in this or that difficult situation. The lieutenant and his lady were simply not ready to accept a generous gift of fate, therefore they preferred to part, having barely met. Yes, and it is difficult to call it an acquaintance - they did not tell each other their names, did not exchange addresses. Most likely, their meeting was only an attempt to drown out the disturbing voice of a yearning heart. As you might guess, the heroes are unhappy in personal life and very lonely, despite the presence of marriage. They did not leave each other addresses, did not give their names because they did not want to continue the relationship. This is the main idea of ​​the story "Sunstroke". Bunin analyzes and compares the heroes, which of them is no longer ready for a new life, but as a result it turns out that both show significant cowardice.

Theatrical productions and cinema This work was filmed more than once, and also played on the stage of the theater, the situation that Bunin described in the story "Sunstroke" is so amazing. Mikhalkov filmed the film of the same name in Bouvre. The acting is amazing, it conveys the feelings of the characters and their inner pain to the utmost, which sounds like a heavy chord from beginning to end. There is probably no other work that evokes such ambivalent feelings as "Sunstroke". Bunin, reviews of this story (very contradictory) confirm this, described a situation that leaves few people indifferent. Someone pities the main characters and believes that they certainly needed to find each other, others are sure that such meetings between a man and a woman should remain a secret, an unattainable dream and have nothing to do with reality. Who knows whether it is worth believing in a sudden passion or should one look for the cause deep within oneself? Maybe all "love" is only a rapturous fantasy peculiar to youth

Unforgettably strong work - "Sunstroke". Bunin analyzes in it a person’s ability to accept love in special circumstances of life and how the characters cope with this task, shows that in most cases people are not able to recognize it at the very beginning and take responsibility for the development of relationships. Such love is doomed.

The main characters of the story "Sunstroke" are a man and a woman who met by chance on a steamboat. He is a lieutenant. She returns home after summer holiday in Anapa, her husband and three-year-old daughter are waiting for her at home. A feeling of reciprocity arises between a man and a woman, so strong that the woman agrees to the proposal of the lieutenant to get off at the nearest pier.

It was a quiet warm summer night. The couple hires a cab and goes to the hotel. In a hotel, they rent a room and, left alone, give vent to their feelings. They will remember this night for the rest of their lives. A man and a woman compare their sensations with a sunstroke.

But in the morning, the woman, being in a good and calm mood, judiciously decided to go further, and asked the lieutenant to stay in the city. According to her, a further joint trip on a steamer would destroy the impression of a wonderful meeting. The lieutenant agreed with her opinion and escorted the lady to the steamer.

However, when he returned to the room, he was visited by a feeling that he had never experienced before. The lieutenant felt that he had lost something very important. He sorely missed the presence of this woman. The idea that he would never see her again seemed unbelievable to the man.

To distract himself, he went to wander around the city. For long hours he restlessly walked the streets of a small town, but, returning to the hotel, he realized that he had achieved harmony. In a fit of desperation, the lieutenant rushed to the post office to send a telegram with a declaration of love to the object of his passion. But he suddenly remembered that he didn't even know her name.

Completely broken, a lonely man went to bed and woke up only the next evening. A sharp sense of loss let him go, but at the same time it seemed that that wonderful meeting was a long time ago, about ten years ago.

The lieutenant went to the pier, handing out generous tips along the way. And soon the ship took him away from this inconspicuous city, in which he lost his happiness and aged ten years. This is the summary of the story.

The main idea of ​​the story "Sunstroke" is that in love it is impossible to predict anything. It seemed to the lieutenant that his meeting with that stranger was only a fleeting steamboat romance. But it turned out that his feeling for her was deeper, so deep that he could not recover for a long time after her hasty departure. And the shock from the realization of the loss remained with the lieutenant for life.

What proverbs are suitable for the story "Sunstroke"?

To whom the heart lies, the eye runs there.
I don't like to love, but I can't refuse.
The depth of love is known only in the hour of separation.

We have prepared for you a series of lessons under the general name "Navigator". They will help you better understand the works of Russian literature and navigate the materials dedicated to this work and posted in the public domain on the Internet.

I propose to talk about the story of I.A. Bunin "Sunstroke".

The story of I.A. Bunin "Sunstroke" (you can read it in full here: text) was written at the beginning of the 20th century. Many phenomena and objects of that time have already disappeared from our lives, but the events themselves could have happened anywhere and anytime.

If you want to think about the problems that the author touches on in the story and that have worried mankind for centuries, take a look at.

The story of an accidental, sudden outbreak of love and a revolution in human perception does not leave indifferent either the writer's contemporaries or us living a hundred years later. In the section, we invite you to find out what critics and philologists think about Sunstroke. These materials will help you to answer in class, when writing essays, will be useful in preparing for exams and, of course, will give you the keys to understanding the text. We also recommend Igor Volgin's program "The Glass Bead Game" (about the collection "Dark Alleys"), where the interlocutors of the presenter discuss the cycle of stories and Bunin's concept of love. You can see how the idea of ​​the story is conveyed by means of cinematography by going to the tab.

If you are wondering which of the writers thought about such questions, with whom Bunin voluntarily or involuntarily entered into a creative dialogue, go to the section. And for those of you who liked Sunstroke and would love to read something similar in style and atmosphere, we advise you to look at the tab.

The story "Sunstroke", Ivan Alekseevich Bunin wrote in 1925, while in the Maritime Alps. This story, like many other works by Bunin written in exile, has a love story. The author in this work shows that mutual feelings can stir up a series of love experiences.

Bunin thought a lot about the title of the story. There were two poorly chosen titles for the story, which the author himself considered simple and completely obvious. They did not reflect Bunin's mood, the first reported on the ongoing events, the second indicated the possible name of the heroine. So the writer had the idea of ​​the third and most successful title "Sunstroke". This name simply screamed about the feeling that the main character experienced, such a sudden, vivid feeling that instantly captures a person and, as it were, incinerates him to ashes.

In the work, the author does not give a clear description of the heroes of the story, everything is extremely blurry, no names, no age. In this way, the writer seems to elevate his main characters above environment, conditions and time. The characters in the story are the lieutenant and his companion. Being previously unfamiliar, after spending one day together, they felt such a sincere, immaculate feeling that they had not experienced before. But on the way, the lovers encountered obstacles and intrigues of fate, they involuntarily said goodbye. Bunin wanted to show that gray everyday life is very harmful for love, they only destroy it.

Bunin tells of a fleeting romance that arose between a lieutenant and a married lady. He delves into all the subtleties of the inflamed passion that arose between the heroes, who, after spending the night, without even knowing each other's names, are forced to part. The lieutenant was so subdued by his fellow traveler that after parting he felt melancholy and spiritual emptiness. Sitting in an empty cabin, he felt that he had aged ten years. But the most aggravated his state of confusion and bewilderment. He did not know how to find the lady of his heart and confess to her about his feelings and does not see more life without her.

Bunin's style of narration is very "dense". He is a craftsman short genre, in a small volume, he manages to fully reveal all the images of his characters and convey the whole essence of his plan and plot.

I. A. Bunin never told about happy love. The story "Sunstroke" is no exception. He believed that the union of souls is a completely different feeling, incommensurable with passion. True love comes and goes as suddenly as a sunstroke.

Option 2

The story "Sunstroke" was written by I. A. Bunin in 1925, during his fruitful work on a whole series of stories on similar topics. This was largely facilitated by the environment in which the writer lived, the beauty surrounding nature Maritime Alps.

In this story, Bunin, in a poetic, figurative manner, depicted how easily a feeling of attraction sometimes flares up between a man and a woman, and what a trace or even a scar it can leave in fate. This theme is very consonant with the general mood of the society of that time.

The heroes of the work are nameless, we can only present them in in general terms. He is a lieutenant, she is a beautiful stranger. They get to know each other in a light, relaxed atmosphere of a dinner on a ship, go out on deck together. Mutual feeling has already arisen, it pushes the heroes to a reckless act. They are unable to resist him. And each other and the world perceived only by the senses. The hero cannot resist the "little woman" carried away by the "smell of a tan". The heroine feels extraordinary joy, her mood rings with “simple light laughter”. Their actions are impetuous and fast, they rush to possess each other as the only goal in life.

Morning returns to inevitable reality. The heroine is "fresh, as at seventeen, simple, cheerful, and - already reasonable." Interestingly, it is the woman who plays the leading role in this story, and it is she who concludes that everything that happened is a “sunstroke”.

The story is literally saturated with descriptions of landscapes and changes in pictures of the surrounding nature. It seems that nature itself is a participant, the main eyewitness and "censor" of everything that happens to the characters.

If at the beginning of the story we see "a deck flooded with the sun", then all further landscapes are immersed in darkness. The result of the meeting, as a consequence of the "sunstroke" is internal devastation, a feeling of irreparable loss, a painful perception of the immutability of the world and people. The impossibility of developing further relations is not realized at first, they seem to be in shock from what happened. The stranger "easily" leaves, the lieutenant "easily" sees her off. But both have already undergone a destructive process. Just as the literal sun, capable of warming, can deal a painful blow, so the all-consuming passion is far from true warmth and happiness. It is not surprising that "the lieutenant ... felt ten years older."

In "Sunstroke" Bunin portrayed love as a passion that has no future, which does not illuminate, but strikes the hearts of heroes and anyone can fall under this blow.

Analysis 3

We don't know anything about the characters in this short story. He is a lieutenant. Judging by the mention of the deserts of Turkestan, it returns from the extreme south Russian Empire. She is a young lady who somewhere has a husband and a three-year-old daughter. Of the characters in the story, one can also mention the lackey "in a pink shirt" and a cheerful cabman. In the evening, he drove two people to the hotel, and on the next steamer he brought up one officer in a cab. That's all. The rest of the story space is occupied by a description of the sensations of a young rake in a sun-hot Volga town.

Why didn't she want to continue the journey together? Apparently, she understood the difference between the passion that gripped them, and love. Then the vulgarity of an illegal relationship between a married woman and a young officer would begin. From this we can draw another conclusion: she is older and more experienced. The love adventure will remain a secret, remembering which, she will not be so bored while away winter evenings in some provincial town. And what happened to them will never happen again. Further, if they do not part, "everything will be spoiled."

The lieutenant's throwing around an unfamiliar town deserves a separate discussion. Everything seems to him too ordinary, boring compared to what he just experienced. Perhaps it is too early to call him a rake. The young man is in love. It might be the first time this has happened to him. The sun blinds him, the air chokes him. But he is sincerely mistaken. A beautiful woman gave him a feeling of happiness. And it's good that it's not for long. Now he knows what it is, but has not yet experienced disappointment. She gave him a future.

Probably, a beautiful stranger is not so happy family life. Otherwise, she would not have gone to the resort alone. Girls were married early, and she did not have time to experience anything like this before she went down the aisle. That evening, for the first time, she gave vent to her feelings. What gives rise to so many assumptions and impressions after reading just a few pages? After all, the usual everyday situation is described. But the author paid such attention to subtle, seemingly insignificant details that the story, as it were, becomes larger due to this, depicting not a provincial town and two people who accidentally got off the steamer there, but the whole country. One can say about the painting of Bunin, who wrote both the picture and the story at the same time. But on this pictorial canvas, not only the external features of the heroes are visible, but also their subtlest experiences.

Of course, since ancient times, work has occupied a special niche in the life of every person. No person can fully live and develop without labor. Only being constantly in labor can we learn something new, to know the unknown

Composition

The title of a poetic work is always important, because it always points them to the main thing from its actors, in which the thought of the composition is embodied, or directly to this thought.
V. G. Belinsky

The theme of "Sunstroke" (1925) is an image of love that suddenly seizes a person and remains in his soul the brightest memory for life. The idea of ​​the story is in that peculiar understanding of love, which is connected with the writer's philosophical views on a person and his life. Love, from the point of view of Bunin, is the moment when all the emotional abilities of a person become aggravated and he breaks away from the gray, unsettled, unhappy reality and comprehends a “wonderful moment”. This moment quickly passes, leaving in the soul of the hero regret about the irretrievability of happiness and gratitude that it still happened. That is why the short-term, piercing and delightful feeling of two young people who accidentally met on a steamer and parted forever in a day is compared in the story with a sunstroke. This is what the heroine says: "We both got something like a sunstroke ...".

It is interesting that this figurative expression is confirmed by the real suffocating heat of the described day. The author gradually builds up the impression of heat: the steamer smells hot of the kitchen; the “beautiful stranger” is going home from Anapa, where she sunbathed under the southern sun on the hot sand; the night when the heroes got off the ship was very warm; the footman in the hotel is dressed in a pink kosovorotka; in a hotel room heated during the day, it is terribly stuffy, etc. The day following the night was also sunny and so hot that it was painful to touch the metal buttons on the lieutenant's tunic. The town irritatingly smells of various bazaar food.

All the experiences of the lieutenant after a fleeting adventure really resemble a painful state after a sunstroke, when (according to medical indications) a person, as a result of dehydration of the body, feels headache, dizziness, irritability. However, this excited state of the hero is not the result of overheating of the body, but a consequence of the realization of the significance and value of the empty adventure that he has just experienced. It was the brightest event in the life of the lieutenant and the “beautiful stranger”: “both of them remembered this moment for many years: neither one nor the other had ever experienced anything like this in their entire lives.” So for Bunin, a moment of happiness and a whole life become values ​​of the same order. The writer is attracted by the "mystery of being" - a combination of joy and sadness, miracle and horror.

The story "Sunstroke" is short, and five of the six pages are occupied by a description of the lieutenant's experiences after parting with the "beautiful stranger". In other words, it is not interesting for Bunin to draw the various ups and downs of love (they have already been drawn thousands of times in Russian and world literature) - the writer comprehends the meaning of love in human life without exchanging for enticing trifles-trinkets. Therefore, it is interesting to compare the image of love in Bunin's story "Sunstroke" and in Chekhov's story "The Lady with the Dog", especially since literary critics note the similarity of the plots of these works.

Both Chekhov and Bunin show a gray, ordinary life that suffocates human feelings but show differently. Chekhov shows the nightmare of the surrounding life, drawing its vulgarity; Bunin - depicting a moment of true passion, that is, real life, according to the writer, which is so unlike the gray routine. Chekhovsky Gurov, returning to Moscow, cannot tell anyone about his acquaintance with Anna Sergeevna. Once, however, he admits to his card partner that he met a charming woman in the Crimea, but in response he hears: “And just now you were right: sturgeon is with a smell!” (III). The above phrase made Gurov horrified by his usual life, because he realized that even "in an educated society" few people care about high feelings. And Bunin's heroes are seized by the same fear and despair as Gurov. At the moment of happiness, they deliberately fence themselves off from everyday life, and Bunin, as it were, says to readers: “Now think for yourself what your usual existence is worth compared to wonderful moments of love.”

Summing up, it should be recognized that in Bunin's story, sunstroke became an allegory of high love, which a person can only dream of. Sunstroke demonstrates both artistic principles and philosophical views writer.

Bunin's philosophy of life is such that for him the moment when a person immediately knows the happiness of love (as in "Sunstroke") or the meaning of being is revealed to him (as in "Silence"), a moment of happiness strikes Bunin's heroes, as sunstroke, and the rest of life is held only by deliciously sad memories of him.

However, it seems that such a philosophy devalues ​​the rest of a person's life, which becomes just a vegetation between rare moments of happiness. Gurov in "The Lady with the Dog" knows no worse than Bunin's "beautiful stranger" that after a few happy days of love everything will end (II), the prose of life will return, but he beat Anna Sergeevna and therefore does not leave her. Chekhov's heroes do not run away from love, and thanks to this, Gurov was able to feel that "now that his head has turned gray, he fell in love, properly, for the first time in his life" (IV). In other words, "The Lady with the Dog" only begins where "Sunstroke" ends. Bunin's heroes have enough passionate feelings for one brightly emotional scene in a hotel, while Chekhov's heroes try to overcome the vulgarity of life, and this desire changes them, makes them nobler. The second life position seems to be more correct, although rarely does anyone succeed.

Bunin's artistic principles, which are reflected in the story, include, firstly, an uncomplicated plot, interesting not with exciting twists and turns, but with inner depth, and secondly, a special subject depiction, which gives the story credibility and persuasiveness. Thirdly, Bunin's critical attitude to the surrounding reality is expressed indirectly: he draws an extraordinary love adventure in the ordinary life of the heroes, which shows in an unattractive way their entire habitual existence.