What do you need to pass the exam? How to get high scores in the exam, everyone knows. To do this, it is enough just to prepare well and learn the subject. But students are difficult people. They always have many more important and interesting things to do than sitting over textbooks. Therefore, they often ask the question, how to pass the exam if you don’t know anything?

The main rule of the record book has not been canceled

“First, the student works for the student’s record, then the recorder works for the student.” It's hard for first-year students to believe that a gradebook will work for them in the last few years of their studies, but this truth has been confirmed more than once. Almost all teachers pay attention to performance in other disciplines and in previous courses, this information directly affects the result of the exam. The same applies to current grades in the subject. If the magazine is decorated with deuces and absenteeism, then it will not be easy to get a good score on the exam.

Senior students know how to pass the exam well - you just need to be the owner of a "beautiful" record book. But there is a little trick for those who have a grade book - not a reason to be proud. Just fasten the first sheets of the record book with a paper clip so that the teacher would not be comfortable flipping through it.

Automated exam

This way of passing exams will appeal to responsible and diligent students. Everyone knows that in order to get an “automatic machine”, you need to regularly attend lectures and practical classes, participate in olympiads and conferences on the subject, be active in the classroom and have good current grades. The teacher will definitely notice such a student during the semester and put marks in the student's record book without additional knowledge testing.

But, whatever one may say, this way of passing exams is difficult and requires a lot of effort. We, on the contrary, are interested in how to pass the exam if you don’t know anything and don’t want to learn.

Crib sheets are a must!

It is also important to ask yourself in time: will I pass the exam? If there is still a little time left before the "judgment" day, then you need to urgently start writing cheat sheets. Whether you can use them is a completely different question, but you definitely need to cook them.

It is important not only to download ready-made spurs from the Internet, print them out and cut them out, but to make them yourself. Writing prompt notes involves reading, choosing material, and spontaneously remembering the information you are working with. After that, during the exam, it will be easier for you to navigate in those cheat sheets that you yourself have compiled. If the teacher controls the situation in the classroom so strictly that it becomes unrealistic to write off, memory will help. It is much easier to remember what you recently wrote yourself on a cheat sheet.

Remember that cheating is a risky business, and it is important to know how many times you can take the exam with this particular teacher. Think about whether you will be allowed to come to the retake if the fraud is discovered.

We use modern achievements of science and technology

The Soviet film showed how students used headphones and a radio transmitter to pass their exams. Modern students in this regard are much easier. Mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, voice recorders are much more compact than Soviet radio equipment, and Internet connection gives unlimited access to any information. Many choose this method to pass the exam without knowing anything about the subject. Most likely, you won’t be able to master the exam using gadgets, because there are very strict checks for the availability of phones and other technical devices, but they may well save the situation at university exams.

Save a good reputation

How to pass the exam well, without making special efforts to study the subject, but using only charisma and good authority? To think about the fact that you have to take the exam, you need to start creating a good impression about yourself from the first meeting with the teacher.

This may be participation in amateur performances, assistance in organizing subbotniks, writing articles for a student newspaper. You also need to create the impression of an inquisitive student. Ask questions in lectures more often and share information that you have heard from television programs and read in magazines, if it relates to the topic of the lesson. You may also be interested scientific works teacher and his dissertations.

How to behave in an exam

So, the day of surrender arrives. How to pass an exam if you don't know anything? It is important to follow the rules of conduct that will help you get good scores for questionable knowledge:

Be confident, do not betray your lack of knowledge with your appearance.
Enter the audience in the first five. In this case, when you get lost in the answer, you can argue this with excitement.
Speak without stopping, use introductory words and constructions, if you do not know the exact answer, try to smoothly transfer the topic to a question you know.
Show interest when answering, give examples from personal experience, TV shows or movies.
Fight to the end, even if the teacher wants to fail. Ask for additional questions, cry, put pressure on pity, write off everything as feeling unwell or excitement.

Extreme measures

If, despite your best efforts to pass the exam without knowing anything, you understand that the only mark that shines for you is failure, you need to go to extreme measures.

You can invite the teacher to resolve the issue amicably. Some of them are willing to raise the score if you can be of some help to him. For example, clean up the classroom, or buy a new set of flasks for experiments in chemistry. Other teachers are able to turn their anger into mercy if you show up to them with a bottle of good cognac. In this matter, it is important to be very careful and try to find a personal approach to everyone. Remember that if the teacher refuses this option for resolving the issue, it will be more difficult for you to pass the exam on your knowledge. Perhaps you are waiting for inflated requirements for the quality of answers and additional tricky questions.

Before entering the classroom, eat a piece of chocolate or a few chocolates. Sweet stimulates the brain and helps concentration.
Read or watch the day before the exam last news that may be related to the subject being studied. If you are examining economics - study economic news, political science - read political situation. By showing that you are oriented in the modern environment regarding the material being studied, you can make the most positive impression on the teacher.
Don't overdo the energy drinks. While preparing for the exam, students often consume energy drinks. Remember that no matter how hard you prepare, you need to spend the night before the surrender in peace, forget about coffee and other energy drinks and just sleep.

You learned how to pass an exam if you don't know anything, and you saw that with a certain strategy, getting a high score with low knowledge is not difficult. But it should be remembered that the lack of knowledge outside the classroom can turn into a more serious problem than the “count” on the exam.

One of the two required and by far the most difficult is the math exam. And although there are relatively few tasks (20), and the time to solve them is a little less than 4 hours (3 hours 55 minutes), most school graduates encounter difficulties during the exam. This is due to both the incorrect distribution of time when solving tasks, and some gaps in the main sections of school mathematics. What is the most correct and rational way to prepare for the exam in mathematics in the form of the Unified State Examination?

To get started, you just need to remember a number of elementary things. You must be able to add, subtract, divide and multiply both whole and fractional numbers. It is very important to remember what a power of a number is, especially with a negative and fractional value. You can rearrange parts of the sum, but not the difference! You must clearly be able to open the brackets, remembering what it means to multiply a negative number to negative, or negative to positive. This will also help to bring similar terms. We must remember the rules for calculating proportions. All these elementary knowledge and skills are mandatory and without them it will be extremely difficult to pass mathematics (and it is absolutely impossible to study at a university).

B

If everything is in order with basic knowledge, then you should pay attention to the tasks from block B. They are relatively simple and mainly consist of tasks in the course of algebra. The answer is either integers or decimals. In total, there are 14 tasks in the block. Therefore, without solving most of them, it is not worth moving on to block C. Tasks of the following type are usually presented.

This is a necessarily simple problem of finding the percentage of given number, as well as tasks on the ability to use ready-made charts - it’s enough to solve it yourself once, it’s very simple tasks. Usually there is also a task for simple logic, where you need to add, multiply, compare some integers. You need to know the basic trigonometric formula relating the square of the sine to the square of the cosine:

Since there is always a task to use this formula. There is always a fairly simple task of determining the logarithm, as a rule, in the form of a simple logarithmic equation, or exponential equation. For example:

The answer is, of course, x= 95. There is a task on the basic properties of the derivative of a function - these properties will have to be remembered. Thus, half of the tasks of block B are on knowledge of elementary things and provide for the simplest skills.

The most difficult tasks of block B are text tasks. They will have to be seriously considered. It is necessary to take an unknown value for x and try to express the conditions of the problem through this unknown. Tasks are also of a geometric nature, then you need to use the formulas for the area of \u200b\u200ba certain figure or the volume of a body. Usually the geometric problem is even simpler. The task can also be of a physical nature, for example, on the speed of movement. In addition, some word problems with physical meaning are solved without introducing any x at all, since the equation of motion has already been given - in such cases it is necessary to find the derivative of this function. Remember that the derivative of distance with respect to time is velocity, and the derivative of velocity with respect to time is acceleration. The ability to find the derivative is always a challenge. There are a lot of formulas and rules for finding derivatives - they must be remembered. Finally, there are purely geometric problems. Usually one is devoted to the properties of figures on the plane, and the other to the properties of bodies in space. You need to know the Pythagorean theorem:

The square of the hypotenuse right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the legs:

At least half of the geometric problems in the exam are solved with its help! In the course of geometry, one studies a large number of theorems and properties of different figures - it is not necessary to know all of them, many things can be guessed, since they are often obvious - only the answer is recorded.

C

Block C contains only 6 buildings, but they are more complex and varied. Two or even three tasks are geometric. The highest number of points depends on the solution of these problems. The score depends on the completeness and correctness of the solution. By and large, the whole complexity of the exam in mathematics lies in solving this block of tasks. There should be at least 2 hours left to complete these tasks.

It is necessary to be able to solve trigonometric equations and inequalities. The main insidiousness of these tasks is that often, to simplify the task, you need to know trigonometric formulas, and there are many of them - you need to remember at least the basic ones. There is a task for the ability to solve various systems of equations or inequalities, usually of a mixed nature, that is, containing both exponential, logarithmic equations, as well as ordinary ones. It is necessary to carefully determine the domains of these functions and be able to transform the equations, it is often possible to introduce a new variable after transformations, which simplifies the solution. Geometric problems require knowledge of the properties of figures on the plane and bodies in space. Tasks on a plane require the ability to competently build a drawing, from which it is clear what is missing to get an answer. Additional builds may be required. It is necessary to remember the extended Pythagorean theorem (cosine theorem), the sine theorem. Often there are tasks on the properties of a circle and figures that are inscribed (described) in it. Spatial problems are solved by 90% with a correctly made drawing, usually it is enough to know some properties of triangles and the theorems listed above. An example of a geometric problem:

Rib lengths AB, AA 1 and AD cuboid ABCDA 1 B 1 C 1 D 1 are 12, 16 and 15, respectively. Find the distance from vertex A 1 to line BD 1 .

The most complex tasks are tasks with parameters, there are quite a lot of such tasks. It is difficult to give any general recommendations, for solving such tasks it is necessary to train especially. Finally, there are tasks different kinds progressions and sequences in general. Here we must remember the formulas of arithmetic and geometric progression, and also try to formulate the conditions of the task in the form of an equation. Here is an example of a system with a parameter:

For what values of the parameters a and b the system has infinitely many solutions?

Thus, there is nothing supernatural in most tasks, and any graduate of the school can solve them, subject to careful and thoughtful preparation.

Oh well, that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11 - woke up a bit late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.

First you need to set yourself a goal in terms of points and steadfastly go towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of the 11th grade. I had very little luggage, mainly formed on the basis of the course of Russian literature XIX century and the work of Karamzin in the retelling of his father-historian. So you should sit down and clearly assess what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend who was an applicant for a provincial law school, who did not try very hard, but he just had to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.

The best textbook for passing the exam- This is a Moscow State University textbook on the history of Orlov and Georgiev. It can be bought almost everywhere, it is very convenient. On it we learn "theory".

Then you need to buy supplies. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate allowance for complex tasks. Take a book with KIMs and solve them, write part C completely in a specially wound notebook. It is desirable - to find a teacher who can check them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get your hands on it.

Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away. I highly recommend that you find materials for teachers who check the exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of assignments completed for medium and high scores (part C).

Buy manuals with pictures and maps. Most often, Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings are asked on the cards. It is highly desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I am not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is necessary to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).

Maintain tables. From biggest battles World War II before the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I did not lead and just circled right places in the textbook because it's easier for me.

If you want a good score, don't skimp on culture. A lot of people are cut off on it, especially those who are not preparing for the exam in literature. Feofan Grek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot(!!!) of everything here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.

Hang above the table excerpts from the most disliked and difficult topics. For me, all sorts of officials of the USSR were like that (this question is very popular at the Unified State Examination) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.

Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly, because there is a lot of information. I advise you to start with the most ancient and end with Putin, it is also desirable to learn it, you never know what they will come up with.

Find a friend and get ready together. It's fun, interesting, especially if a friend knows much more than you.

And do not express your opinion so clearly. If Brezhnev personally offended your grandmother very much at one time, do not write nasty things about him in part C, even if it seems to you that you are absolutely right. Be absolutely neutral.

I myself passed on 93, and the points were taken off in part C, and, as it seemed to me, it was completely unfair. The appeal was supposed to take place 300 kilometers from my city on the day of my high school graduation, and my mother did not let me go. So it goes.

At the DWI in History at Moscow State University (Faculty of History), I scored 95, if anything.

My name is Masha, I am a 2nd year student at the National Research University Higher School of Economics. Two years ago, I passed the exam in English with 95 points and entered the budget, although I did not study with tutors. I'll tell you how to achieve the same.

Who is the article for?

For professional athletes. Vasya is a football player. He trains six hours a day and spends about the same amount at school. Often chooses sports, not school. At the same time, he / his parents / all together and grandmother also (underline as appropriate) want Vasya to enter the university on a budget. The problem is that he has no time to study with tutors, even at night he cannot - Vasya has a sports mode, and the Moscow Championship is just around the corner.

For working. Katya works part-time as a courier, but this is enough for her only for breakfast at school. A good tutor will ask for one and a half thousand rubles for an academic hour, like Katya's 12 breakfasts. Katya wants on a budget so as not to deliver pizza all her life. Katya wants to go to university in order to achieve something: she does not have opportunities from the start, which give carte blanche to do nothing and race around Moscow on the Gelendvagen.

For excellent students. Anya studied very well and responsibly for all 11 years. Quarter, semester and final grades- all fives. Anya does not need a tutor, because the USE is an exam designed to test knowledge of the basic school curriculum. Yes, for writing profile mathematics class balls will require extracurricular activity and solving problems at the olympiad level, but the USE in English still tests only school knowledge. Despite this, Anya is worried that everyone is preparing with tutors, but she is not. In order to feel more confident, it would be good for her to work out on her own, but she does not know where to start.

Possible solutions to the problem

panic. I won’t hand over anything, ahh, it’s very scary, my classmates will go to Moscow State University, and I will go to the army / work as a waitress. This option never works: you're only forcing your body to produce the stress hormone cortisol, which is good for cross-country running from an angry dog, not for intense mental activity.

Prepare yourself. Use the USE options posted in the public domain (suitable as real kims past years, just individual tasks); go through the codifier using online articles or textbooks, go to the library (Hermione Granger sends you a time-turner and wishes you good luck!), solve a certain number of options every day, study on third-party platforms.

Preparing with a school teacher. In some schools, there are electives in which you study the subject in more depth, prepare for the All-Russian or for the Unified State Examination. As a rule, this is two academic hours per week, but if you have been a good student all 11 years old and bring sweets and tea to class, then the teacher can study with you more often, longer and more productively. Talk to him. Remember that teachers are interested in preparing you for the exam: if someone flunks the exam, teachers will be deprived of cash subsidies, which can reach 15 thousand rubles. A teacher can receive such salary increases for social work, length of service or class management, and lose them because a certain Vanya did not pass his subject. That is why underachieving students are discouraged from taking exams in non-mandatory subjects, and why there is nothing awkward about asking a teacher to help you.

My case

I was all of the above at once: a super-busy teenager with two workouts a day, and a student with an exaggerated conscience who did not want to spend her parents' money on tutors, and a gold medalist (but I only found out about this after passing the exam). At night, I was tormented by nightmares with the USE filled up, and during the day - smug classmates with a tutor in every subject. Classmates drove me crazy talking about tutors: they complained about how much they were asked, how they had to go to them right after school and study for a long time. Or even worse: they gave me advice. A classmate shared cool expressions for an essay that a tutor advised him. It seemed to me that I was missing something, that the tutor was teaching them something very useful and necessary!

Crying and despairing in such a situation is not an option. You need to take your feet in your hands and practice. The level of difficulty in the game "Prepare for the Unified State Examination and Survive" directly depends on what you have been doing at school for the past few years. If you repeat the material that you once knew for sure: it’s “easy”, and if you don’t really remember whether you passed Present Perfect at all at school or not (spoiler - passed) - you will have to play at maximum speed (and watch Die Hard for inspiration).

What is the best preparation option?

Self-training and cooperation with school teachers. This is, de facto, what you should be doing at school: gaining knowledge in the classroom, doing homework and doing extra work in your free time from school on your own.

Where to get options

If you have a book USE options- open it. If it is not there, open the tests at https://ege.yandex.ru/ege/english ( Yandex USE), and Writing .

listening

The first part is listening, for which you need listening skills (not active, normal [This is my geeky reference to this piece from TBV - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RkijkUKEtSU]). In order to develop them, I recommend you English-language podcasts: you can listen to them on the go and on the road. Podcasts can be divided into two categories: purely educational and just podcasts. In my opinion, the first ones are more boring (e.g., Learning English with BBC, British Council, The English We Speak), but for the USE, these are the ones that will be more useful: in them, teachers analyze vocabulary, grammar and phraseological units, and they often also have multimedia extensions in the form exercise sites. The second type is just podcasts in English. They have everything you need: grammar, living language, interesting topics. The downside is that when the host uses Passive, they won't point it out, so you'll have to figure it out on your own. But you can choose a podcast for every taste: from the criminal audio series Crimetown to the well-known TED Talks - TED Radio Hour. The USE versions are also worth listening to to get used to the format, but if you are very tired of putting headlines in their places, then podcasts are a great alternative.

Reading

The second part is reading and understanding the text. In order to do well with it, you need to discard all the knowledge you have about the topic of the text that you came across in reading. For example, if you take a biology exam and are very good at mitochondrial functions, and you come across a text about the structure of cells, then block the part of the brain that is responsible for biology. You need to concentrate on getting new information from the text, which you then use to answer questions about it. I very often suffered from the fact that I tried to “be smart” with other subjects in the exam in English - don’t do it like that. In addition, for the successful writing of this part, it is useful to be able to read techniques: scanning & scimming . They work well together: the first is suitable for finding the words and expressions you need in the text, and the second will help you catch its general meaning and key ideas, saving a lot of time. However, I highly recommend looking up words and expressions that you don't know, and it's better not to be bilingual Russian-English dictionary, and in the Oxford Dictionary, explanatory dictionary in English. There is a definition, examples of usage and synonyms.

Grammar & Vocabulary

Grammar and word formation. For me, this was the most tricky part. I thought it was too easy. She shoved terrible perfect constructions where they were not needed, but missed some obvious liability. Luckily, there is an amazing solution to this problem: check out the format. You must know what to expect from each specific task - for this you need to go through the codifier, which describes what competencies you should have. If you don’t know something or are not sure, we select and climb into the Internet / directories (or use free lessons from the BBC). Two years ago, I compiled for myself the following list of what must be found in grammar and word formation (and if not met, then you need to double-check):

Passive / Passive. As a rule, this is "was founded" and the like, for example, the factory was founded. Ask a question for each verb: "Who is doing this action?" or “Is this action performed on someone?”. It is not for nothing that the passive is in the first place in this list: according to the statistics used by my class teacher to intimidate, it is his children who miss most often. And he who seeks finds, and to him who knocks it will be opened!

Who will check my options

For the test part, there are answers at the end of the book, take the written one to your school English teacher and smile. Do not overwhelm him: turn in one or two works and do not bring new ones until he checks. Gently remind you if the verification process drags on: sigh; honestly admit that you are very worried and worried; say how important their help and expert opinion is to you. Remember that everyone is happy to help a responsible and polite student.

conclusions
1. Don't forget to breathe fresh air. The exam is not the last milestone in your life and not the most important one. Preparation for exams and psychological relief in the form of walking with friends in Gorky Park are equally important for your future. trust me.

It is unlikely that there will be a final exam more difficult than the OGE or the USE in chemistry. This subject has to be taken by future biologists, chemists, physicians, engineers and builders. Today we will talk about what you need to know in order to get high scores, and what benefits are best to use.

Books and manuals for preparation

Experts of the Unified State Examination and the OGE recommend relying on textbooks when preparing profile level. The material of the standard basic textbook is not enough to successfully pass the exam. Practice shows that schoolchildren who have taken a profile course in chemistry feel quite confident during the exam. There are several such textbooks, but they are approximately the same in content and presentation.

We recommend that you get a collection of typical examination tasks - the official publication of FIPI (with a hologram) and a couple of books by other authors. They analyze tasks in detail, show ways to solve them, give algorithms and answers for self-control. The more options you solve, the greater your chances of successfully passing the exam.

Repetition is the mother of learning

This is an important part of quality training. Chemistry is a complex science of matter, not knowing elementary topics initial course, you will not understand the more complex. Of course, there may not be enough time to repeat the entire program, so it is better to pay more attention to precisely those issues that cause the most difficulties.

According to the teachers of the Merlin Center, students are more likely to make mistakes in tasks related to the following topics:

mechanisms of formation of molecular bonds;
hydrogen bond;
patterns of chemical reactions;
physico-chemical properties of solutions, electrolytic dissociation, reactions in electrolyte solutions;
the effect of solution dilution on the degree of dissociation (Ostwald's dilution law);
salt hydrolysis;
atmospheric compounds;
main classes of compounds;
industrial production and scope.

The same standard examination tasks and tests will help to identify gaps. Does not work? Ask a chemistry teacher for help or sign up for prep courses.

Put experiments

Chemistry is a science built on real experiments with substances. Experiments will help to better understand a particular topic. To do this, it is not necessary to buy a set of reagents and laboratory supplies. There are many interesting, well-made videos on the Internet dedicated to chemical reactions. Feel free to find them and see.

Be careful on the exam!

Most mistakes are made by the guys precisely because of inattention. Train yourself not to skip a single word while reading the task, pay attention to the wording and how many answers should be.

Read the question to the end, think about its meaning. There is often a little clue hidden in the wording.
Start with easy questions where you have no doubt about the correctness of the answers, then move on to more difficult tasks where you need to think.
If a question is too difficult, skip it, do not waste time, you can return to it later.
Tasks are not related to each other, so focus only on the one you are doing at the moment.
If you find it difficult, first try to exclude clearly incorrect answers. It is easier to choose an option from the remaining two or three than to get confused in five or six answers.
Be sure to leave time to check your work so that you can quickly review the assignments and correct any mistakes. An unfinished word or number can cost you a point.

Chemistry is a difficult subject, and it is best to prepare for the exam under the guidance of an experienced teacher; it is not recommended to count on the fact that you will cope with such a responsible task. Only a teacher can point out “imperceptible” mistakes and help you fill in the gaps, explain complex material in a simple, accessible language.