Target:
Creation of the necessary conditions conducive to the education of junior schoolchildren patriotic feelings, the formation of their own civil-patriotic position and familiarization with the historical past of their people.
Tasks:
To educate the civil-patriotic qualities of a person and a worthy citizen of his country on the examples of the heroic deeds of his compatriots;
To develop in students the ability to understand problems, reason, draw conclusions and generalizations
Develop skills independent work with additional literature and documentary material;
Promote development creativity And cognitive interests
Class: 4 g
visibility: video materials, posters about the Great Patriotic War.
Technologies: ICT - technologies (an interactive whiteboard is used - a presentation, videos, audio recordings)
Preliminary preparation:
Learning poems and songs
Preparation of a dramatization of the song "Three Tankers"
Selection of songs about the war, videos, audio recordings
Script preparation
War poster drawing
Cabinet decoration
Annotation.
The theme of the class hour: "May 9 - Victory Day." Class hour contributes to the education of patriotic feelings among junior schoolchildren, introduces the historical past of their people. The class hour was preceded by careful preparation. The preparation was attended by: teacher, students and parents. Posters about the Great Patriotic War were prepared, poems and songs were learned, a presentation was made, a group of students prepared a dramatization of the song "Three Tankers". I am like classroom teacher, wrote the script and helped prepare the bands.
This event contributed to the development of creative abilities and cognitive interests of students.
The course of the classroom.
1) Introductory conversation
Teacher:
It was the shortest night of the year. The people slept peacefully. And suddenly:
War! War!
On June 22, 1941, German fascists attacked our Motherland. They attacked like thieves, like robbers. They wanted to seize our lands, our cities and villages, and either kill our people or make them their servants and slaves. The Great Patriotic War began. It lasted for four years.
Levitan's appeal. (audio recording)
2) 1941
1 reader:
June… The sunset was fading into the evening.
And the sea overflowed during the white night,
And the sonorous laughter of the guys was heard,
Not knowing, not knowing grief.
2 reader:
June ... Then we did not know yet,
Walking from school evenings
That tomorrow will be the first day of the war,
And it will end only in the 45th, in May.
3 reader:
It seemed that the flowers were cold,
And they faded a little from the dew.
The dawn that walked through the grasses and bushes.
They searched with German binoculars.
4 reader:
Everything breathed such silence,
That the whole earth was still asleep, it seemed
Who knew that between peace and war,
Just some 5 minutes left.
The song sounds on the verses of V. Lebedev-Kumach “ Holy war”.
(performed by 1 group of children)
-Teacher:This song sounded like an alarm over the country in the first days of the war, when all Russian people believed that this test, which had fallen so suddenly and crushingly, was about to end. But the war dragged on for years. Four terrible years...
5 reader:
Ah, war, what have you done, vile.
Our courtyards have become quiet.
Our boys raised their heads -
They have matured for the time being.
On the threshold barely loomed
And they left, after the soldier of the soldier ...
Goodbye boys!
Boys
Try to go back.
No, don't hide, be tall
Spare neither bullets nor grenades.
And do not spare yourself, but still
Try to go back.
Teacher: In 1941, the heroic epic of the defense of Leningrad began, the defense of the Hanko Peninsula lasted 5 months, 2 months lasted Smolensk battle, 71 days defended Kyiv, 73 - Odessa. On October 30, the siege of Sevastopol began, which lasted 250 days. By September 1941, the enemy moved east for another 240-300 km, blockaded Leningrad, captured Smolensk and Kiev, and reached the approaches to Kharkov. However, the victorious march of the Nazis gradually lost its brilliance, the Germans' confidence in an early victory melted as they approached Moscow. The cold and harshness of the Russian winter was a complete surprise for the enemy, who expected to conquer the Soviet Union within a few warm months. The battle near Moscow became the first solemn chord in the funeral march of fascist Germany. This battle lasted more than six months. More than 3 million people, about 2.7 thousand tanks, up to 2 thousand aircraft, up to 22 thousand guns and mortars participated in it from both sides. The victory became possible not only thanks to the tactical literacy of our commanders, but also to the courage of the Soviet people.
3) 1942.
Teacher: In the second half of 1942, the main battles were transferred to the interfluve of the Volga and Don, where a giant Battle of Stalingrad, which had no analogues in the entire previous history of wars and battles. In certain periods, up to 2 million people, 26 thousand guns and mortars, more than 2 thousand tanks, 2 thousand aircraft took part in the battles on both sides at the same time. The battles began in July 1942 and ended only in February 1943. Bloody battles continued day and night for six and a half months.
4) 1943
Teacher: August 5, 1943 the sky over Moscow for the first time since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War lit up with artillery fireworks. So the Soviet Union learned about the victory in the Battle of Kursk.
Battle of Kursk began on July 5, 1943. Fierce battles unfolded not only on the ground, but also in the air. For a week of fighting, the enemy managed to penetrate only 10-12 km deep into our defenses. The complete failure of the plans forced the German command to regroup forces. However, all attempts by the Nazis to take revenge failed. On July 12, 1943, the offensive of the Soviet troops began. Cities, towns and villages were liberated one after another.
6 reader .
We saw in different parts of the country:
Frozen tanks on an honorary pedestal
They defended their native land,
With tankers, it happened, they died.
7 dude.
There are a lot of songs about tankers
Very heroic!
Followed the tanker everywhere
The fight went into formation
Russian, Soviet, native
An army that is strong with tanks
The whole country, from end to end
Full of songs about tankers!
8 reader.
Where the off-road infantry will not pass,
And dashing cavalry will not rush, -
There, a tank on tracks will carefully crawl,
Through trenches and road bumps.
9 dude.
The tanker is famous for the old military work,
And the iron battle horse is covered with glory.
More than once in battle you prevented trouble,
Threatened to crack down on the state!
10 reader
We remember from childhood the song "Three Tankers .."
And we know that "Order in the tank troops"
The armor is strong and our tanks are fast,
As long as the crews are in place.
The song "Three tankers" sounds (Performed by 2 groups of children with a staging)
5) 1944
Teacher: This year the Soviet Union met with new successes both at the front and in the rear. We stopped the victorious march of the Nazis across our land. On August 10, 1944, the 900-day siege of Leningrad was lifted. During the winter of 1941–42, 264,000 people died of starvation in it. A child could only get 125 grams of bread a day. Exhausted people went to their workplaces every day and often met death there. The whole city was littered with the bodies of those who died of hunger and cold - people did not even have the strength to bury their relatives.
The museum keeps the diary of a little Leningrader Tanya Savicheva. Just a few pages of uneven children's handwriting - a small chronicle of great grief:
The Savichevs are dead.
Only Tanya remained.
All died.
6) 1945
Teacher: Our entire country, army and rear have become a single combat camp. And the people won the war.
On the night of April 30 to May 1, the Banner of Victory turned red over the dome of the Reichstag.
And on May 8, an act of unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany was signed.
On May 8, 1945, representatives of Nazi Germany - Field Marshal W. Keitel, Colonel General of Aviation G. Stumpf and Admiral of the Fleet G. Friedeburg signed an act of unconditional surrender. Soviet Supreme High Command at this historical procedure was represented by Marshal Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov.
The war is over, and the whole world breathed a sigh of relief: Victory!
The song “Victory Day” sounds (Audio recording)
I ask everyone to stand up. Let's bow our heads before the greatness of the feat Soviet soldier. Let's honor the memory of all dead by the minute silence. About 40 million Soviet people died. Guess what that means? Every fourth inhabitant of the country died.
(Metronome sounds) A moment of silence.
11 dude.
Through the centuries, through the years, -
Remember! About those who will never come again -
12 dude.
Do not Cry!
Keep your moans in your throat
Bitter moans.
Be worthy of the memory of the fallen!
Forever worthy!
13 dude.
As long as hearts are beating
At what cost
Happiness won -
Please remember!
The song "Great-grandfather" sounds (performs by the whole class)
Song presentation.
Teacher: 69 years of our Victory!
May dawn again.
And inaudibly they walk around the planet, returned peace and spring!
Goals: to form a sense of patriotism, love for the Motherland, a sense of pride in one's country on the example of the heroic deeds of people in wartime, to cultivate a respectful attitude towards the older generation, war monuments.
Members: class students, class teacher, parents, WWII veterans.
Equipment: laptop, speakers, sheet with a selection of military songs
Event progress
Reading a poem Beloborodova Xenia:
When it will be, I don't know
In the land of white-legged birches
Victory May 9
People will celebrate without tears.
Raise the old marches
Army pipes of the country.
And the marshal will go to the army,
not seen this war.
And I don't even think
What kind of fireworks will hit there,
What tales will they tell
And the songs they will sing.
But we know for sure
We had a chance to know,
What happened on May 9
Morning at 45.
(S. Orlov)
A fragment of the song "Victory Day" performed by D. Tukhmanov sounds.
Cl. hands: Hello. Victory Day… May 9… This is a holiday with tears in our eyes. We are generally not able today to grasp the whole meaning of the event with the mind. Only over the years, it is possible to comprehend the harsh grandeur of the days lived, the lethality of the battles that died down, the full depth of the labor feat of veterans.
On the difficult roads of the war, at the cost of millions of lives, a victory was won, a victory over fascist Germany, which enslaved half the world, considering itself a nation of masters. For some, the war ended there, on the battlefield, along with life, but for some, it still lives in the hearts and terrible nightmares.
Eternal memory of the dead! Eternal glory to the living!
A fragment of the song “Let's bow to those great years” performed by I. Kobzon sounds.
Reading a poem Zhiryakov Anton:
Remember!
Through the centuries, through the years - remember!
About those who will never come again -
remember!
Be worthy of the memory of the fallen!
Forever worthy!
People!
As long as hearts are beating - remember!
At what price is happiness won, -
Please remember!
Tell your children about them
to be remembered!
Tell the children of children about them,
to remember too!
(R. Rozhdestvensky)
Cl. hands: 1941 “A heavy roar hit the ground. The light went out instantly. The walls of the casemate shook. Stucco was falling from the ceiling. And through the deafening howl and roar, the rolling explosions of heavy shells broke through more and more clearly. Ran somewhere very close.
War! someone shouted.
- This is war, comrades, war!
…The outer door was blown away by the blast, and orange flashes of fires could be seen through it. The casemate trembled heavily. All around howled and groaned. And it was June 22, 1941 at 4:15 Moscow time.
Carefree peaceful life was replaced by military everyday life. 4 years of war. 1418 days of unprecedented national feat. 1418 days of blood and death, pain and bitterness of loss, death of the best sons and daughters of Russia.
Song "Cranes"
(singing Starikov Alexander, Borisova Anastasia, Volkova Anastasia, Beloborodova Ksenia, Davydova Polina, Atamanova Ksenia)
Cl. hands: It was hard to say goodbye to relatives, and especially to loved ones, to those with whom it was desirable to be near every minute, forgetting about bitter separations from friends on the front.
Reading a poem Glazov Danil:
... Both Kama and Volga saw off their sons to the battle,
And the mothers waved their colored scarves for a long time.
The brides said goodbye - the girl's pigtails crumpled,
For the first time, they kissed their loved ones like a woman.
Wheels rattled, cast wheels rattled,
And the soldiers sang, quite boyishly sang
About white huts, about the faithful Katya-Katyusha ...
And they tore those songs of the battalion commander's father
Soul...
(M. Griezane)
Cl. hands: Songs ... Indeed, songs sometimes warmed the soul of a soldier. What songs about the war have survived to this day? Let's drink some of them. (Song selection -Annex 1 )
Cl. hands: Thoughts about home, relatives and loved ones warmed the soldiers after the battle, gave them strength.
Reading a poem Eranov Vladislav:
Wait for me and I will come back,
Just wait a lot.
Wait for sadness
Yellow rain.
Wait for the snow to come
Wait when it's hot
Wait when others are not expected
Forgetting yesterday.
Wait when from distant places
Letters will not come.
Wait until you get tired of those
Who are waiting together.
Wait for me and I will come back.
Do not wish well to those
Who knows by heart
It's time to forget.
Let the son and mother believe
That there is no me.
Let friends get tired of waiting
They sit by the fire
They will drink bitter wine for the memory of the soul.
Wait, and do not rush to drink with them at the same time.Wait for me and I will return to all deaths in spite.
Whoever did not wait for me, let him say: “Lucky!”
Do not understand those who did not wait for them, as in the midst of fire
By waiting, you saved me.
How I survived, only you and I will know.
You just knew how to wait like no one else.
(K. Simonov)
A fragment of the song “If there was no war” performed by V. Tolkunova sounds.
Cl. hands: Only a heart that has survived the mortal grief of irretrievable loss, the longing of parting, a heart that has mourned the countless graves, ruins and ashes of thousands of cities and villages, a heart that carries love for the fallen brothers and sons, only a heart that has known great sadness and hot soulful hatred, can was to embrace what had happened. Peace has been restored to the world.
Dance "Waltz"
(dancing Vizgalin Dmitry and Vysotskaya Ekaterina)
Cl. hands: I hope that our class hour touched your hearts and made you feel proud of your people. In conclusion of our event, I would like to wish you a peaceful sky over your head. And it depends only on you and me whether we will preserve the memory for our children of those already distant events, whether we will not allow a new bloody battle.
After this event, the children congratulated the veterans, together with their parents laid flowers at the Victory Monument.
Literature:
- Journalism and essays of the war years. Leonid LEONOV "The Name of Joy".
- B. Vasiliev. "Not on the list."
- http://www.arhpress.ru/kosmodrom/2004/5/13/11.shtml
- http://www.prazdnik.by/content/detail/11/191/49582/
Prepared by the teacher primary school MKOU secondary school No. 1 g. Izberbash
Class hour.
Target:
Creation of the necessary conditions conducive to the education of the younger schoolchildren patriotic feelings, the formation of their own civil-patriotic position and familiarization with the historical past of their people.
Tasks:
To educate the civil-patriotic qualities of a person and a worthy citizen of his country on the examples of the heroic deeds of his compatriots;
Develop at students ability to understand problems, reason, draw conclusions and generalizations
Develop skills of independent work with additional literature and documentary material;
To promote the development of creative abilities and cognitive interests
Class: 4g
visibility: video materials, posters about the Great Patriotic War.
Technologies: ICT - technologies (an interactive whiteboard is used - presentation, videos, audio recordings)
Preliminary preparation:
Learning poems and songs
Preparing the dramatization of the song "Three Tankers"
Selection of songs about the war, videos, audio recordings
Script preparation
War poster drawing
Cabinet decoration
Annotation.
Subject class hour: "9th May- Victory Day» . Cool hour contributes to the education of the younger schoolchildren patriotic feelings, introduces the historical past of his people. cool the hour was preceded by careful preparation. In preparation took participation: teacher, students and parents. Posters about the Great Patriotic War were prepared, poems and songs were learned, a presentation was made, a group of students prepared a dramatization of the song "Three Tankers". A dance was put on a song "Cranes",.I am like classroom teacher, wrote the script and helped prepare the bands.
This event contributed to the development of creative abilities and cognitive interests of students.
The course of the classroom.
1) Introductory conversation
Teacher:
Guys, in these days of May, our country celebrates another anniversary victories over Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Pride for the Great victory, from generation to generation we will remember those terrible years of the war, in which more than 40 million citizens of our country died. Among them were not only warriors of the valiant army, but also children, old people, women. There is not a single family that has not been touched by this trouble: someone's great-grandfather, grandfather, brother, father, that is, the closest people in the world, died, so we must remember how it all happened.
It was the shortest night of the year. The people slept peacefully. AND all of a sudden:
War! War!
On June 22, 1941, German fascists attacked our Motherland. They attacked like thieves, like robbers. They wanted to seize our lands, our cities and villages, and either kill our people or make them their servants and slaves. started The Great Patriotic War. It lasted for four years.
Levitan's message. (audio recording)
1 reader:
June… The sunset was fading into the evening.
And the sea overflowed during the white night,
And the sonorous laughter of the guys was heard,
Not knowing, not knowing grief.
2 reader:
June ... Then we did not know yet,
So school evenings walking,
What will be the first tomorrow war day,
And it will end only in the 45th, in May.
3 reader:
It seemed that the flowers were cold,
And they faded a little from the dew.
The dawn that walked through the grasses and bushes.
They searched with German binoculars.
4 reader:
Everything breathed such silence,
That the whole earth was still asleep, it seemed
Who knew that between peace and war,
Just some 5 minutes left.
The song sounds on the verses of V. Lebedev-Kumach “Holy War”.
(performed by 1 group of children)
-Teacher: This song sounded like an alarm over the country in the first days of the war, when all Russian people believed that this test, which had fallen so suddenly and crushingly, was about to end. But the war dragged on for years. Four terrible years...
5 reader:
Ah, war, what have you done, vile.
Our courtyards have become quiet.
Our boys raised their heads -
They have matured for the time being.
On the threshold barely loomed
And they left, after the soldier of the soldier ...
Goodbye boys!
Boys
Try to go back.
No, don't hide, be tall
Spare neither bullets nor grenades.
And do not spare yourself, but still
Try to go back.
DANCE "CRANES"
Performed by the boys military uniform and girls in white dresses.
Teacher. All our people have risen to fight against the German fascist invaders. Both old and young went to the front. Straight from school bench. Everything for the front, everything for victories» - the motto sounded everywhere. And in the rear there were women, old men. Children. Many trials fell to their lot. They dug trenches, stood up to the machines, extinguished incendiary bombs on the roofs. It was hard. And it was even harder to wait for news from the front.
The song sounds "Dugout".
Three boys portray "bonfire" fighters at rest. who write "letters".
Dear mommy!
Don't remember me in tears
Leave your worries and worries behind.
The path is not close, the native land is far,
But I will return to the familiar threshold!
Still my love is with you
Motherland is with you, you are not alone, dear,
You are visible to me when I go into battle,
And I will answer the care with a feat,
I'm far away, but I'll be back
And you, my dear, will come out to meet me.
(The boys fold the letters into triangles, get up and leave)
Teacher. Unforgettable pages entered the history of the war the exploits of Soviet soldiers at the walls Brest Fortress, near Moscow and Leningrad, Stalingrad and Sevastopol, on the Kursk Bulge. It was hard, but the song helped to survive. The songs of the war years are especially dear to us.
Children perform a potpourri of songs from the war years.
"Katyusha" (M. Blanter, M. Isakovsky)
Apple and pear trees blossomed
Mists floated over the river.
Katyusha went ashore,
On a high bank on a steep one.
"At the Nameless Height" (V. Basner, M. Matusovsky)
The grove under the mountain smoked,
And the sunset burned with it.
There were only three of us left.
Out of eighteen guys.
How many of them, good friends,
Lying left in the dark -
At an unfamiliar village
At an unnamed height.
"Oh dear" (A. Novikov, L. Oshanin).
Oh, roads, dust and fog,
Cold, anxiety, and steppe weeds.
Is the wind snowing, remember, friends,
We can't forget these roads
Great contribution to victory and those who worked in rear: women, old people and children. From the age of 10, children helped adults. They mowed hay, harrowed the fields. Potatoes were planted and harvested. Many of the guys were doing double duty. Pupils collected warm clothes for front-line soldiers, worked at military factories. performed with concerts in front of wounded soldiers in hospitals.
We were ten years old then.
We remember the night of the war
There is no light in the windows
They are darkened.
Who lived only 10 years
Will remember forever.
How, putting out the flickering light,
Trains were running.
In the darkness, troops led to the front
Children - in the distant rear.
And the train at night without a whistle
I left the stations.
Women and old men were harvesting bread. Flax, potatoes, worked on livestock farms. All worked under call: "Work tirelessly" The workers of villages and villages worked from morning until late evening. Everyone tried to do something to help the front.
…Would you tell me about it-
What years did you live in!
What an immeasurable heaviness
It lay on the women's shoulders.
You walked, hiding your grief,
The harsh way of labor.
The whole front. What is from sea to sea.
You fed with your bread.
Chopped. Feeding, digging. -
Do you read everything?
And in letters to the front she assured
It's like you're living a great life.
We are in different parts of the country have seen:
Frozen tanks on an honorary pedestal
They defended their native land,
With tankers, it happened, they died.
There are a lot of songs about tankers
Very heroic!
Followed the tanker everywhere
The fight went into formation
Russian, Soviet, native
An army that is strong with tanks
The whole country, from end to end
Full of songs about tankers!
Where the off-road infantry will not pass,
And dashing cavalry will not rush, -
There, a tank on tracks will carefully crawl,
Through trenches and road bumps.
The tanker is famous for the old military work,
And the iron battle horse is covered with glory.
More than once in battle you prevented trouble,
Threatened to crack down on the state!
We remember the song from childhood "Three Tankers."
And we know that "Order in the tank troops"
The armor is strong and our tanks are fast,
As long as the crews are in place.
The song sounds "Three Tankers" (Performed by a group of children with a dramatization)
Teacher: Our entire country, army and rear have turned into a single combat camp.
And the people won the war.
The war is over and the whole world is relieved sighed: Victory!
The song sounds Victory Day» (Audio recording) Song presentation.
I ask everyone to stand up. Let us bow our heads before the greatness of the feat of the Soviet soldier. Let's honor the memory of all those who died with a moment of silence. About 40 million Soviet people died. Guess what that means? Every fourth inhabitant of the country died.
(Metronome sounds) A moment of silence.
Through the centuries, through the years, -
Remember! About those who will never come again -
Do not Cry!
Keep your moans in your throat
Bitter moans.
Be worthy of the memory of the fallen!
Forever worthy!
As long as hearts are beating
At what cost
Happiness won -
Please remember!
Teacher: 72 years of our Victory!
May dawn again.
And inaudibly they walk around the planet, returned peace and spring!
Class hour for Victory Day "Even then we were not in the world ..."
Target: the formation of schoolchildren's knowledge about the events of the Great Patriotic War, about Soviet heroes, to contribute to the formation of an active civic position; instilling patriotism.Tasks:
- educational: to acquaint schoolchildren with the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War;
- educational: fostering a sense of love for the motherland, pride in one's country;
- developing: development of skills to highlight the main thing, to form the skills of working with text.
Lesson type: a lesson in the formation of new knowledge (multimedia-lesson)
Equipment: A projector, a computer with speakers, the song “Holy War”, a presentation “Victory Day”, handouts “Katya Susanina”, “Tongues of flame” (adhesive tape) according to the number of children (possible in pairs).
On the desk: Eternal flame.
Preparatory work: preparation by schoolchildren of messages about Alexander Matveevich Matrosov, Ulyana Gromova, Zina Portnova, preparation of posters by children of the 1st grade and memorization of lines from a poem by Andrei Kolachev
Course of the classroom lesson:
I. Organizational moment.
II. New topic.
teacher's word.Dear teachers and students! Today we have gathered to honor the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War.
Slide #1
The 70th anniversary of the Great Victory is approaching.
On this day, both joy and sorrow are near. There is no family in Russia that the war bypassed. Therefore, on this day, Victory Day, every family remembers those who remained on the battlefields, and those who, after the war, established a peaceful, kind life.
And I want to start this class hour with the words:
Slide #2
The song "Holy War" sounds Composer: A. Alexandrov, lyrics: V. Lebedev-Kuma
We just breathed war...
Slide #3
These words can characterize the memories of every veteran of the Great Patriotic War.
Four long years, 1418 days, the most bloody and most terrible war in the history of mankind was on earth.
Slide #4
June 22, 1941 at 3:15 am German troops crossed the border of the Soviet Union. Thus began the Great Patriotic War.
Slide #5
“Russia must be liquidated,” Hitler announced at his headquarters on August 1, 1940. Soldiers german army he said: “You must be aware that you are the representative of a great Germany. In the interests of the German people, you must apply the most cruel and most ruthless measures. Kill every Russian. Do not stop if there is an old man, woman or girl in front of you.
Slide #6
And thousands of German guns opened fire on the ground, where apples ripened, where children slept.
Slide number 7
Adolf Hitler's army bombed Soviet airfields, railway junctions, naval bases and peaceful cities.
Hundreds of thousands of Soviet people rose to defend their native land. For a long 4 years and until May 9, 1945, our grandfathers and great-grandfathers fought for the liberation of the Motherland from fascism. They did it for future generations, for us. Video(“The First Days of the War” / Video CD From the Kremlin to the Rechstag, - M .: Republican Media Center, 2000)
Every day great war was a feat at the front and behind enemy lines, the appearance of boundless courage and stamina of the Soviet people, loyalty to the Motherland.
Slide #8
The first months of the war were extremely difficult: Soviet troops suffered heavy losses, advanced very hard. But go ahead!
One of such difficult battles was the battles in the winter of 1943 in the Pskov region, where they had to die for every meter of their native land. Heroes died. One of them was Alexander Matrosov.
Student Message
Slide #9
"Alexander Matveevich Matrosov"
The feat of Alexander Matrosov entered the history of the Great Patriotic War, and became a vivid example of true valor, love for the Motherland and his people.
In 1941, after a German attack fascist invaders The Soviet Union, Matrosov volunteered and after some time was enrolled as a cadet of a military school. In 1943, given the extremely difficult situation at the front, he, as part of the same cadets, was sent to the front ahead of schedule.
February 27, 1943 there were fierce battles near a small locality Chernushki, Pskov region. Krasnoarmeytsev did not miss the machine-gun fire of the enemies, and a continuous machine-gun fire from one of the bunkers became a serious obstacle. Despite desperate attempts to destroy enemy fire, they all ended in failure. Three soldiers tried to take the firing point, all three died the death of the brave.
Then Guards Private Alexander Matrosov began to make his way with grenades and a machine gun to the fascist machine gunner, who had settled in the bunker. Despite the fact that he was noticed by the fascist, Matrosov stubbornly made his way to the firing point when the enemy shifted the fire to the side. Finally, he managed to get to the bunker as close as possible - grenades flew one after another, but, unfortunately, they exploded at the bunker itself, without causing any harm to the enemy.
Literally in seconds of calm, the private made a long jump to the firing point. Immediately, the enemy responded to his movement with a long machine-gun burst. Matrosov lay down, the cartridges were running out, the grenades were all over, and only a few seconds remained for reflection.
Having fired at the embrasure, the soldiers distracted the enemy, and immediately rushed forward with a cry of “Forward”, the rest of the soldiers ran after him. The revived enemy machine gun forced everyone to lie down again, and then Alexander Matrosov rushed to the bunker, covering the enemy's firing point with his chest.
The path for the Soviet soldiers was open, and an hour later the village was taken. This feat of Matrosov, like many feats of other soldiers of the Red Army, has become a real symbol of Courage, love for the Motherland. It was these feats that contributed a significant part to the victory of the Soviet people against the fascist invaders.
Alexander Matrosov in 1943 was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, posthumously.
In Ufa there is a monument to Alexander Matrosov.
Conversation:
- Guys, what was the feat of Alexander Matrosov? ( Alexander Matrosov in 1943 at the Chernushki point, so that Soviet soldiers could go further, he closed the enemy’s firing point with his chest, which opened the way for the Red Army).
teacher's word
Slide #10
The melody “Farewell of the Slav” by V.I. Agapkina
The Nazis turned our cities and villages into ruins, mocked the civilian population, our prisoners of war, starved us, burned them in ovens. In the occupied (captured) territories, the fascist enemies established a "new order". The local population was used for forced labor: clearing roads, building fortifications, etc. They were punished for everything: for refusing to work, for moving at night. In these territories, death camps, concentration camps, and prisons were created. Atrocious massacres were carried out against people.
But the people fought back last strength!
Student Message
Slide #11
Message "Ulyana Gromova"
Ulyana was a tenth grader when the Great Patriotic War began. Ulyana Gromova was a resolute, courageous underground worker, distinguished by her firm convictions and the ability to instill confidence in others.
She accepts Active participation in the preparation of military operations of the Young Guard, distributes leaflets, collects medicines, works among the population, agitating Krasnodontsy to disrupt the plans of the occupiers to supply food, to recruit young people to Germany. In October 1942, she was introduced to the headquarters of the underground Komsomol organization Young Guard.
When arrests began in Krasnodon, Ulya, together with Maya Peglivanova, tried to contact the prisoners and developed escape plans. But on January 10, they themselves were arrested by the police, she ended up in fascist dungeons. Ulyana Gromova behaved with dignity during interrogations, refusing to give any evidence about the activities of the underground.
"...Ulyana Gromova was hung up by her hair, a five-pointed star was carved on her back, her chest was cut off, her body was burned with a red-hot iron and salt was sprinkled on her wounds, she was put on a red-hot stove. The torture continued for a long time and mercilessly, but she was silent. When, after another beating, the investigator Cherenkov asked Ulyana why she was behaving so provocatively, the girl replied: “I didn’t join the organization in order to ask your forgiveness later; I regret only one thing, that little we managed to do! But nothing, perhaps the Red Army will still have time to rescue us!..." From A.F. Gordeev's book "Feat for the sake of life"
After severe torture on January 16, 1943, the executioners executed her and threw her into the pit of mine No. 5.
"Ulyana Gromova, 19 years old, a five-pointed star was carved on her back, her right arm was broken, her ribs were broken" (KGB Archive under the USSR Council of Ministers, d. 100-275, vol. 8).
She was buried in the mass grave of heroes in the central square of the city of Krasnodon.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 13, 1943, a member of the headquarters of the underground Komsomol organization "Young Guard" Ulyana Matveevna Gromova was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Conversation:
- Guys, what is the feat of Ulyana Gromova? ( Despite ruthless torture, Ulyana Gromova, a member of the underground organization "Young Guard", turned out to give any evidence about the activities of the underground)
It was especially difficult for children to survive this war. Let's remember the world-famous diaries of Tanya Savicheva.
- What are they about? ( They talk about how people survived in besieged Leningrad and how Tanya's family died).
Slide #12
Children and war are incompatible concepts. There is a saying: "There are no children in war."
- How do you understand it? ( When there is a war in the country, which is accompanied by shooting and hunger, then there is no difference whether you are an adult or a child, it does not spare anyone.)
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, children had to part with their childhood:
The teacher reads a poem.
I did not recognize him from books -
Cruel word - war!
Spotlights furious flash
She broke into our childhood.
Deadly tons of steel
Serena alarm night
In those days we did not play war -
We just breathed war...
A.Ioffe
These words, taken by us in the epigraph of the lesson, vividly depict the life of children, your peers in the difficult years of the war. But they did not hide, but stood shoulder to shoulder next to the adults and carried out the tasks assigned to them.
student performance.
Slide #13
Message "Zina Portnova".
From the first days of the war, throughout the country, millions of people rushed to the front.
Yesterday's schoolchildren, students, youth besieged the military registration and enlistment offices, they demanded - they did not ask! - they convinced, and when this did not help, then with a sincere feeling they went for forgery - they overestimated (years) for a year, or even two, their age.
War is the business of men, but young citizens felt in their hearts that they were involved in what was happening in their native land, and they, true patriots, could not stay away from the tragedy unfolding before their eyes. They literally went to any lengths to become the defenders of the Motherland. In parts they were also called in their own way: brother, daughter, pupil. At the front, all of them, as far as possible, on an equal footing with adults, did their soldierly work.
For courage, fearlessness and heroism, tens of thousands of sons and daughters of regiments, juniors and young partisans were awarded orders and medals. And Zina Portnova was awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Zina Portnova was born in Leningrad, studied at school number 396. In 1941 she graduated from the 7th grade. Immediately after the exams, Zina, along with her younger sister Galya, went on vacation to her aunt in Belarus. Here they found the war and the Nazi occupation. The girls walked the most difficult path of 60 km to get to their grandmother in the village of Zui. Zina tracked down the underground youth organization "Young Avenger". From that moment began her difficult, full of dangers life. She distributed leaflets and reports on the course of the battles of our army. knowing well German, the girl obtained very important information about the enemy, learned to shoot accurately, and observe the strictest secrecy. Soon she was entrusted with a difficult and dangerous task - under the guise of a kitchen worker, she was constantly in a retraining school. commanders Hitler's troops. She learned top secret data about the forces of the enemy. With her participation, more than a dozen officers were destroyed. When it became dangerous to be in the dining room, Zina and her sister were transferred to a partisan detachment.
One day, after completing the task, Zina was captured by enemies. She was subjected to severe torture and torture. But all in vain. The young partisan was silent. Then the chief of staff himself took up the interrogation. But he didn't succeed either. Taking advantage of the fact that the Gestapo man turned to the window, Zina grabbed a pistol from the table and killed the officer with one shot. But she was seized and thrown into the basement. On a frosty January morning in 1944, Zina was taken to be executed. They put it on the edge of the hole. Zina didn't see anything. She had her eyes gouged out. Zina was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In the port of Vladivostok there was a ship named after her.
Conversation:
- Guys, what is Zina's feat? ( Zina performed dangerous tasks, infiltrated the organization to obtain information about officers. When she was arrested. During interrogations, even under torture, she was silent)
teacher's word
Slide #14
In January 1944, the liberation of the territories of the USSR from Nazi German invaders. On January 27, the blockade of Leningrad was finally lifted. But a huge number of Russian, Soviet people remained in fascist captivity, where life was not sweet. About life in German captivity you will learn from Katya Susanina's letter.
Group work
Handout "Katya Susanina".
Reading conversation:
- Guys, what event struck you from Katya's story?
- Was it easy to live in military captivity? ( In captivity, life was very hard: they were poorly fed, forced to work hard and kicked)
- What happened to Katya's mom? Why? ( Katya's mother was killed by the Germans because she did not want to betray her husband and said that he would come and throw them out of here)
What did the girl believe in? What did you dream about? ( Katya believed that her father was alive and he would take revenge on the Germans for her and for her mother.)
- Did her dream come true? ( Yes, the Russians won and "thrown out" the Nazis from our country)
teacher's word
Slide #15
Tasks:
- to instill in schoolchildren feelings of love for the Motherland, pride in their country, respectful attitude towards people of the older generation;
- to expand students' knowledge about the Great Patriotic War;
- to arouse interest in the past and present of their region, to show what contribution family members made to the defeat of the enemy, the massive military and labor heroism of great-grandfathers, their readiness for any work for the benefit of the Motherland;
Form of conducting: class hour with elements of musical and literary composition. Class hour progress
Teacher:
Every year in May, our country celebrates Victory Day. And today, just like many years ago, in the distant forty-fifth, this holiday remains joyful and sad at the same time. Will never disappear from the memory of the people's pride in great victory, the memory of the terrible price we paid for it. Day May 9, 1945 knows the whole world. Our country has been going to this day for 4 years. But what years...
- What is war? How do you understand what this word means, your associations? (children's answers)
Student: War... There is no harsher word.
War... There is no sadder word.
War... There is no sacred word
In the anguish and glory of these years,
And on our lips is different
It can't be... and no...
Teacher: At dawn on June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began.
Children:
1. On the first day of the war, they were 17-20 years old. Out of every 100 guys of this age who went to the front, 97 did not come back. 97 out of 100! Here it is, the war!
2. War is 1725 destroyed and burned cities and towns, over 70 thousand villages and villages in our country. War means 32,000 blown up plants and factories, 65,000 kilometers of railway tracks.
3. War is 900 days and nights besieged Leningrad. This is 125 grams of bread per day. These are tons of bombs and shells falling on civilians.
4. War is 20 hours at the machine a day. It is a crop grown on the ground salted with sweat. These are bloody calluses on the palms of girls and boys like you.
5. War ... From Brest to Moscow - 1000 km, from Moscow to Berlin - 1600. Total: 2600 km - if you count in a straight line.
6. Seems a little, right? By plane, about 4 hours, but by dashes and in a plastunsky way - 4 years 1418 days.
Teacher: People died, did not spare their lives, went to their deaths in order to drive the Nazis from our land. In those bitter years of the war, children grew up quickly. In a difficult time for the country, at the age of 10-14 they already realized themselves as a part of their people. On the fronts and partisan detachments children fought on equal terms with adults.
Hero guys will never be forgotten: Lenya Golikov, Volodya Dubinin, Valya Kotik, Marat
Kazei, Zina Portnova and many, many others.
Little heroes of the big war. They fought next to the elders - fathers, brothers. Fought everywhere. At sea, like Borya Kuleshin. In the sky, like Arkasha Kamanin. In a partisan detachment, like Lenya Golikov. In the Brest Fortress, like Valya Zenkina. In the Kerch catacombs, like Volodya
Teacher: And far from the front line, thousands and thousands of women, children, old people worked in the rear: they grew bread, collected weapons, sewed clothes. And they waited. They were waiting for their loved ones: husbands, fathers, sons, brothers. We waited and believed that they would return. And it helped, supported the fighters in difficult times.
Teacher: Women not only worked in the rear .. They were nurses, doctors, nurses, intelligence officers, signalmen. Many soldiers were saved from death by gentle kind female hands.
Student: Quiet, guys, a moment of silence
Let's honor the memory of heroes
And their voices once sounded
In the morning they met the sun,
Our peers are almost.
There are none among us
Who went to the front and did not return.
But their memory lives on.
I ask everyone to stand up. Let us bow our heads before the greatness of the feat of the Soviet soldier. Let's honor the memory of all those who died with a moment of silence.
minute of silence
Teacher: In April 1945, the assault on Berlin began, led by Marshal Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov. The red banner of Victory fluttered over the Reichstag building. We must not forget these terrible events so that the tragedy of war never repeats itself. It's a pity that human life is not infinite, only memory, which alone conquers time, can prolong it. The ancients said: "If a war is forgotten, a new one begins." Remember this!
Thousands of Russians in memorable days come to the grave unknown soldier in Moscow, at the Piskarevskoye cemetery in St. Petersburg, on Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd, on Sapun Gora in Sevastopol and other sacred places. Feat Soviet army- The liberators are honored not only in our country. In Germany, in Treptow Park, there is a monument to the Liberator Warrior. A victorious soldier, to whose chest the German girl he saved was pressed.
Teacher: And now it has come - the great long-awaited day - Victory Day! Day 9 May became Victory Day in the war with Nazi Germany. On June 24, 1945, the Victory Parade took place on Red Square.
Solemn meetings are held in all cities of our country and many other countries. And in the forefront are veterans - those who went through the war. HONOR AND PRAISE TO YOU - FREEDOM WARRIORS!
Teacher: Our people know well the value of peace, peaceful life.
The world is a morning full of light and hope.
The world is blooming gardens and earing fields.
The world is school bell, this is a school, in the windows of which the sun.
It's good to wake up and know that you have a wonderful day ahead of you, that nothing threatens you, and all your dreams will come true. It's good to be happy!
The teacher reads the final verse:
The war is long over
And on the chest of their orders
Burn like memorable dates, -
For Brest, Moscow, for Stalingrad
And for the blockade of Leningrad,
For Kerch, Odessa and Belgrade,
For all fragments from shells.
And at night you still
The battles under the Bug are dreaming somewhere,
And the "Messers" scribble point-blank,
And do not rise from the hollow.
The lieutenant calls to attack,
But then he falls, smitten ...
And at home they will wait a long time,
But just wait for the funeral.
On the same day and hour
You rush to meet your friends,
But every year there are fewer of you
And you will forgive us for this,
That they couldn't save you
Your wounds have not healed.
And at the place of these meetings
The grandchildren of veterans are coming.
The war is long over.
Soldiers have come from the war.
And on the chest of their orders
They burn like memorable dates.
To all of you who endured that war -
In the rear, or on the battlefields, Brought a victorious spring, -
Bow and memory of generations.
(S. Kochurova)
