9 The list of the main ways to familiarize yourself with a printed source: In-depth reading (careful reading of the material) Parallel reading (several publications on the same topic or problem are studied simultaneously) Selective reading (selective acquaintance with individual sections of the text) Reading-viewing (used for preliminary acquaintance with a book or article) Scanning (quick view of printed material)
19 Bibliographic description is business card editions. In the established form of a bibliographic description, every letter, period, comma is important. From the bibliographic description, you can find out: title, genre, names of authors, artists, editors, translators, time and place of publication of the book, number of pages.
24 Rules for the correct design of citations and references Rules for compiling a bibliographic description of a document Rules for the correct compilation of a list of references In its final form, it must satisfy certain rules. In particular:
25 Options for the design of citations and references: 1. The source is indicated immediately after the citation or the factual material given - in brackets. 2. Citations are given serial numbers, and at the end of the page, under the line, the corresponding sources are described. 3. After the quotation in parentheses, the source number is indicated corresponding to its place in the list of references, and after the comma, the page number.
26 Schemes for describing printed sources. Scheme of a complete bibliographic description of the book For a page footnote: Belinsky V.G. Articles about Russian literature. - L .: Lenizdat, S. For the list of references at the end of the abstract: Vysotsky V.S. Nerv: Poems.- M.: Sovremennik, p.
29
31 In searching for or "catching" the necessary information, the following patterns are observed: 1. Information attracts information. 2. "Reunification" of new and old information during analytical and synthetic processing gives information of a new qualitative level. 3. Ask more questions, especially to yourself. Life will be more interesting!
"Search on the Internet" - Syntax of the search query. While the Internet is ahead social control. Nouns in the nominative case. Search engines have different syntaxes. The obligatory nature of words that are not in the source is the identification of one's scientific tradition. Newsletters. Do not rely on the intelligence of search engines! Groups - newsgroups (network conferences, conferences, teleconferences).
"Vocational guidance for high school students" - Each team makes a description of the graduate. Task 2. Student rider. Guiding thread. What does it take to stay a student? Question: how do you rate your level of knowledge compared to your classmates? Roof: parents, dean. I wanted to become a student. The prospect of success. For high school students - open the door to the future.
"Library lessons" - Sheikman Mark, a student of the 6th "b" class, held the game "Literary riddles". Municipal budgetary educational institution– medium comprehensive school No. 2 "Revival". Pupils of 2 "b" class read poetry. Library lesson. The children made their own books. The children listened attentively to the life and work of N.N. Nosov.
Talent Search - Social business networks. Impressionist. Ready to answer any of your questions and give Additional information. Other Internet Sources. Moikrug.ru is one of the Yandex services, essentially an analogue of LinkedIn. Talent search technologies. Perhaps enough. The main talent search tool.
"Library education" - Principles of learning: Elements of the learning system: Learning objectives: The library as a center for additional vocational education: results and prospects. Organizing Tasks successful learning staff: Forms of training: New tasks: Required resources: Educational projects. Tasks for organizing training of librarians in the region.
Sviderskaya Olga Stanislavovna
librarian
KSU " high school» №14 Kokshetau
Akmola region
Director of KSU "Secondary School No. 14", Kokshetau
Baibolova Rosa Beksultanovna
Target: to expand the level of students' knowledge of library and bibliographic literacy.
Tasks:
1. Continue the formation of students' knowledge of library and bibliographic literacy, repeating the rules for using a book, library
2. Raising a culture of reading.
3.Intelligence development, creativity students.
Conduct form: library lesson-game.
Explanatory note: The library lesson-game "What do you know about the book" is held for 5th grade students, who are all readers school library. Starting from the 1st grade, we conduct library lessons for children: 1st grade - "First steps in the library", 2nd grade - "Where did the book come from", 3rd grade - "The structure of the book", 4th grade - "These books are about everything in the world", 5 class - "History of books and libraries."
Decor: book exhibition "Good book is the best friend”, a poster with the proverb “From time immemorial, a book raises a person”, a chest with tokens, sheets with “Library” crossword puzzles, envelopes with proverbs, blank sheets, colored pencils and felt-tip pens.
During the classes:
Librarian: Hello guys! We are glad to welcome you within the walls of our school library. Today we will have an unusual library lesson, and lesson game, where we continue talking about books.
The fresh wind sings
He blows the pages
Like a miracle sail!
In the middle of any page
Miracles come alive
Eyelashes do not stick together
Eyes pop!
But reading days and nights
And floating on the sea of lines,
Stay on the right course!
And then the books will be opened
Wonderful books-
Wonderful life!
L.A. Krutko
Librarian: Guys, let's split into two teams. Each team must come up with a name and motto, draw an emblem. But do not forget that our game is a “library” game. 5 minutes are given for preparation.
1 competition "History of the book ».
Each team sequentially takes out a token with a question number from the chest. For each correct answer - 1 point.
1. What materials were used to make books in ancient times? (clay, wax, parchment, papyrus, birch bark, palm leaves, silk, etc.)
2. In which country and who invented paper? (in China, Cai Lun)
3. What writing tools do you know? (style, kalam, writing)
4. What was the name of the library in Ancient Rus' (Book Chamber, book depository, book treasury)
5. What is a "scriptorium"? (a medieval workshop in which books were copied)
6. What was the name of the library of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses 2? (“Pharmacy for the soul”)
2 competition "The structure of the book".
The competition is held in the form of a blitz tournament, each team answers the question in order. The question, the answer of which one team does not know, goes to the other team. For each correct answer - 1 point.
2. Hardboard cover (hardback)
3.Double sheet of paper connecting the block to the bookbinding book (endpaper)
4. A strip of cardboard inserted into the book in order to mark the desired page (bookmark)
5. Introductory text that precedes the presentation of the main material (foreword).
6. Illustrated or type book cover that protects the block from contamination (cover)
7The first page of the book, on which the main information about this edition is printed (title page)
8. Cover worn over the binding of a book (dust jacket)
9. Listing of all the works included in the book, indicating the pages where they are placed (contents)
10. What are the names of illustrations that help to understand a technical or scientific text? (diagram, drawing)
3 competition - "Library"
Each team is offered sheets with a crossword puzzle: questions are indicated, comments are given.
You have 10 minutes for this competition. For each correct answer of the crossword puzzle No. 1, 1 point, for the correct answer of the crossword puzzle No. 2, 2 points.
Crossword #1.Vertical should get the key word: What is the name of the library worker? (Librarian).
Horizontal questions:
1. What is another name for "book depository"? (library).
2. Books that know "everything and about everything" (encyclopedias)
3. Department of the library in which books are issued at home (subscription)
4. Department of the library, where readers can work with dictionaries and encyclopedias (reading room)
5.Riddle:
They live stories, fairy tales,
Comics, poems, coloring.
Because all boys
And girls love ... (books)
6 What is the name of the size of the book in height and width (format)
7. What do we especially need for classes in the reading room (silence)
8. Periodical, which is published daily or several times a week (newspaper)
9.Riddle:
In a book, a small tape
We'll put it on the page.
Let it lie there for order
Multicolored ... (bookmark)
10. Illustration of a small size, placed at the beginning of the book (screen saver)
11.Card of the reader, where the books issued for temporary use are recorded (form)
12. What is the name of a person who is enrolled in a library and reads books for himself? (reader).
1.Material on which they wrote in ancient Egypt. (Papyrus)
2. This material was written in Ancient China. (Silk)
3. "Letter" (sign) in some countries . (Hieroglyph)
4. Coating of wooden boards used for writing. (Wax)
5. That which in ancient times served scribes instead of blotters. (Sand) 6. Our distant ancestors usually wrote to them. (Feather)
7. Material used in Rus' for writing. (Birch bark)
8. They dipped a pen in them while writing. (Ink)
9. The best writing material. (Paper)
10. Wooden or clay "page". (Plate)
11. Edition, consisting of sheets and covers. (Book)
12. One of the types of an ancient "book". (Scroll)
13. It was used to write texts in China and some other countries. (Bamboo)
(In the vertical column is the word "First Printer")
4 competition "Collect a proverb"
Teams are offered 2 envelopes, which contain proverbs and sayings about the book, knowledge. In the 1st envelope - the beginning of proverbs, in the 2nd - the end. Task: collect proverbs as quickly as possible. For each correct answer - 1 point.
Proverbs and sayings:
Learning to read and write is always useful.
Books don't tell, they tell the truth.
Read books, but don't forget things.
The book is not red in writing, it is red in mind.
With a book you will lead - you will gain your mind.
A book is a book, but move your mind.
Some book enriches, and another leads astray.
5 competition "Bookworm".
From each team, 1 participant comes out, who need to prepare and review the book exhibition within 5 minutes.
While the participants of the 5th competition are preparing to answer, students are invited to recite poems about a book, about school, about knowledge. For each poem, the team gets 1 point.
Summarizing. Winner's reward ceremony.
(The library lesson was published in the Republican methodological journal "Ashyk sabak. Optional sabaktar. Open lesson. Optional work", No. 1,2014, pp. 77-78)
References:
1. Knigovedenie: Enz. Dictionary.-M.: Sov. Encyclopedia., 1982.
2. Pavlov I. About your book.-L .: Det.lit., 1991
3. Elchibaeva O.T., Antropova Z.L. Library, book, reader. - Almaty: Kazakhstan, 1984.
4. Library and bibliographic knowledge for schoolchildren.-M.: Book, 1982.
5. A short guide book lover / Ed. Milchin A.E.-M.: Book, 1986.
You are already a student. And you already know the answer to many questions - where does milk come from, how does bread grow, what river flows where you live, and what is the name of the tree that grows under your window. Believe me, the Motherland has generously endowed you, endowed you so that you grow up as a real person, become the owner of the Earth on which you live, take care of all living things, and increase the wealth of the country. All roads are open to you. Which one to choose? There is a house in the world in which writers have put together a guide to life for you. This house, large or modest, but always amazing, is called "LIBRARY".
The most amazing thing is that you will be able to discover the magical secrets of the planets and stars, you will be able to solve the complex mysteries of nature if you read a lot. Those books that you have at home, probably not enough. Where can you get so many of them, very different and interesting? Why, in the library, of course! How to fly from Earth to the stars, How to catch a fox by the tail, How to make steam out of stone, Our doctor Gaspar knows. Such a wonderful doctor lives in Yuri Olesha's fairy tale "Three Fat Men"
And here you are in the library. Around a lot of books and magazines, inscriptions on the bookshelves. Who will help you figure it all out? LIBRARIAN. He knows literature very well, he will advise you what to read, teach you how to choose books and find them on the bookshelf. He will also tell you what new editions have appeared and order them for the library. There are usually two sections in a children's library: a subscription and a reading room.
The word "subscription" has many meanings. If you want to know everything, look in the dictionary. In a library, it means a place where books are borrowed. For a few days the book is yours. You can look at pictures, read, reread, write something in a notebook. At the time appointed by the librarian, the book must be returned to the library - other children need it. When you go on vacation, don't forget to return the books to the library. There have always been forgetful readers. In 1975, the book "Learn to Knit and Embroider" was returned to one of the English libraries. The reader was so carried away by it that she kept it for 43 years. But the absenteeism record is set in the library of the University of Cambridge, where the book was returned after ... 300 years! Better late than never
Books from the reading room are not issued at home, they must always be in the library. You ask why? Yes, because there are books that readers may need on any given day, such as Encyclopedias or reference books. They work with these books in the reading room. The reading room should be quiet. We especially need silence in the reading room. Go away, talking, - In the lobby, in the corridors! Do not bother us to read, - Fantasize. Dream. In the silence of the library Everyone hears voices, Speech of birds, human. Every book is amazing!
Not a single person can read all the books that are published in our country, and even more so in the world. So you need to be able to choose the most necessary and interesting. This skill will come if you learn the secret of the "golden key". Every library has such a key to books. The library reveals its wealth to the reader with the help of catalogues, file cabinets and book fairs. The main thing here is the directory. This word is translated from ancient Greek means list. In it You will find books about the seas, About snowy peaks, About stars, birds and animals, plants and machines. S.Ya.Marshak
For junior schoolchildren a special catalog has been compiled - a list of books that will be useful and entertaining to read. It's called: "What should we read." The catalog consists of cards. On each surname of the author of the book, its title, the surname of the artist, the city where it was published. Year of issue. Some of the cards have both a picture from the book and short story annotation about it. There are also separators in the catalog - the cards are higher. For example, they say "Stories about nature" or "Library of Russian classics." This is to make it easy to find the book you need. Another catalog is placed in small boxes. The cards in it are also small, the font is small and there are no pictures at all. But they are in the same order as the books on the shelves.
A thousand years ago, they also collected books. The library of the Baghdad Caliph Vezir al-Sahid numbered about one hundred thousand books. He spent most of his life on military campaigns, and he was always followed by a caravan with books. Moreover, the camels walked in the order of the letters in the alphabet, and the caravan librarians could quickly find the right book. It was a kind of catalogue.
IN different times libraries were called differently and always very beautifully: “Shelter of wisdom”, “Pharmacy of the soul”, “House of life”, but in ancient times only rich, noble people could use them. For the common people, the entrance to the libraries was closed. But years have passed and everything has changed. Look how many books are on the library shelves. Maybe yours is there to guide you through life. Dare!
library lesson
Malysheva Natalya Andreevna
Librarian S(K)OSHIVIII kind
Lysva city, Perm region
Subject. "The History of the Book"
Goals:
To acquaint children with the history of the creation of the book;
To promote the development of oral coherent speech, cognitive sphere;
Facilities. Computer + projector. Electronic presentation. School library books. Clay boards. Silk fabric. Birch bark. Brushes + gouache. Metal spokes.
Location. Computer class.
During the classes
I . Organizational moment.
Hello guys. I'm glad to see you in the school library.
II . Introductory conversation.
Guys, our library has a large number of different books - more than 18 thousand copies. Today I designed an exhibition of books. Your task is to prepare a story about one of the books according to the plan. Slide number 2.
Plan
What name has this book?
Who wrote it?
Where and when was the book published?
Work in pairs (children prepare an oral story about the book according to the plan).
Children's stories.
Guys, put the books in order, taking into account the year of publication, the "age" of the books. Slide 3.
Davydychev L.I. Lyolishna from the third entrance. - Perm: Perm book publishing house, 1965.
Davydychev L.I. Difficult, full of hardships and dangers life of Ivan Semyonov Perm: Perm book publishing house, 1973.
Gaidar A.P. Tales. - Moscow: Moscow Worker, 1986.
Ershov P.P. The Little Humpbacked Horse. - Moscow: "Children's Literature", 1990.
Davydychev L.I. Hands up or enemy #1. - Perm: "Master Key", 2006.
Vorobyov V.I. Fairy tales. - Perm: OAO IPK Zvezda, 2010.
How old is the oldest book in our school library? And the newest one? (children's answers)
Guys, do you know when the first book appeared in the world and what it was like? (children's answers)
Would you like to know about the history of the "birth" of the book? (children's answers)
III Statement of the topic, goals.
Today you will learn when and where the first books appeared, what they were, about the history of the first printed book. You are given the opportunity to visit different parts of the globe, because our lesson will be held in the form of a trip. And we will travel by ship. slide 4.
Decipher the name of the ship using the cipher. Slide 5.
So, young book lovers, our ship called "The Book" sets off on a journey to learn about the history of the book. We expect a lot of interesting and unexpected. Be attentive, collected, friendly along the way. Slide 6, 7.
IV . Main part
1. Books in Ancient Egypt.
Librarian. Our ship plows across the expanses of the Atlantic Ocean. Right on the course - the ancient and mysterious country of Egypt. slide 8.
In ancient Egypt, texts were carved on stone slabs. slide 9.
Then the ancient peoples made books out of clay. They carved special icons with a sharp stick on soft clay tiles. The clay tablets were then dried or fired. Books were made from such tablets. slide 10.
Practical work.
Guys, let's imagine ourselves as ancient Egyptians and try to write words on clay: book, word.
Librarian. Later, the Egyptians invented papyrus.Papyrus - river reed with a high and thick trunk. A sheet made of papyrus could not be folded or folded. The pages were glued together in length and rolled into scrolls, the length of which could reach several tens of meters. Slide 11.
Questions:
What were the ancient Egyptians used to make books?
2. Books in ancient Greece.
Librarian. Let's continue our exciting journey. The ship is heading for Ancient Greece. slide 12.
Librarian. Writing material was invented in the ancient city of Pergamon. It was named parchment after the name of the place where it was invented. Parchment is made from the skins of young animals - calves, goats, sheep, rabbits. For the manufacture of this material, the skin of animals was thoroughly washed and soaked in ash, then cleaned of the remnants of wool and fat. The skin was stretched on frames, smoothed with pumice, dried and carefully scraped, giving it a smooth surface. From the skins, a white, thin, extremely durable material was obtained - parchment. It could be written on both sides. Parchment was more expensive than papyrus, but more durable. slide 13.
Questions
What writing material was invented?
Why do you think parchment was more expensive than papyrus?
3. Books in Ancient China.
Librarian. And now we are met by an amazing country - Ancient China. slide 14.
At first, in China, the first books were written on thin bamboo plates, which were strung on strong twine.
Later, the Chinese wrote their books with a brush and ink on silk. slide 15.
Practical work.
Guys, let's imagine ourselves as ancient Chinese and try to write a hieroglyph denoting the word "book" on silk fabric.
P letter of the hieroglyph denoting the word "book".
Librarian. China is considered the birthplace of paper. It was in China that paper was invented. It is believed that this was done by a Chinese scientist named Cai Lun. He made a sticky mass of bamboo and water, rolled it into a flat sheet and left this sheet to dry in the sun. The secret of making paper has been kept for almost five centuries. Only in the 6th century did the Japanese learn about it. In 751, near Samarkand, the Arabs managed to capture several Chinese craftsmen, who were forced to discover the secret of paper making. So the paper penetrated into Persia, then to Arabia, from where the Arabs brought it to Europe in the 11th century. slide 16.
Questions
Who invented paper?
What plant was used to make paper in ancient China?
Why was the secret of making paper kept for so long?
4. Creation of the first printed book in Germany.
Librarian. I invite you guys to go to Germany. slide 17.
Here in the 15th century, in the small town of Mainz, the first printing press was created and the first printed book was published. The modern printing method was invented by the German Johannes Gutenberg. In an hour, it could print about 16 pages of a book. Gutenberg formed words by connecting metal letters - they are called type. Slide 18, 19.
Questions
Who invented the first printing press?
5. The history of the creation of the book in Russia.
Librarian. And now our ship is approaching its native shores. Now you will find out what the first books were in Rus', when the first printed book appeared. slide 20.
What do you think books were made of in Rus' when there was no paper yet?
The story of the student (pre-prepared). In Russia, they wrote on the birch bark of trees. Birch bark books originated in Rus' in the 9th century. To make books, birch bark was boiled, the inner layer of the bark was scraped off, and then cut off along the edges, giving the desired shape. After such treatment, the birch bark became elastic, soft. Letters on birch bark were scratched with a sharp iron or bone rod - writing. Slide 21.
Practical exercise. Using an iron rod, write the word "letter" on the birch bark.
Student's story. Later books were created from paper, but they were handwritten, not printed. For many months they were copied by hand by special scribes - scribes. Handwritten books were few and expensive. Old handwritten books were worth their weight in gold. In order to preserve books better, the bindings were made of wooden boards. They were covered with thin leather or expensive fabric. The first handwritten book was the Ostromir Gospel. Slide 22, 23.
Exercise. Among the ancient books is the book "Bee" (second half of the 14th century), intended for home reading and containing teachings. Restore a passage of text from this book. Explain the meaning of the statements. slide 24.
(A good adviser is better than any wealth.
Teaching for the noble is an adornment, for the poor - salvation).
Librarian. And in 1553, the first book printing house was built in Moscow, and Ivan Fedorov became the first printer. The first Russian printed book - "The Apostle" - was released on March 1, 1564. Listen to the story of the first printer Ivan Fedorov. Slide 26, 27.
The student reads the poem.
Well, listen, here's my story:
I have read books since childhood
I saw the source of wisdom in them.
And with early years already dreamed
But here was the problem:
Not every book has seen
And to take in hand -
It's rare luck.
It takes a long time to write them by hand.
That's why we decided
Start book printing in Moscow.
I was lucky, our Tsar Ivan,
What among the people was called Terrible,
He gave permission for the printing press -
And with God's help, our work began.
We letters, fonts cast -
The new business was not easy,
Didn't sleep at dark nights.
And a new book came out - "Apostle". slide 28.
Questions
In which city did the printing press originate?
Which king gave permission for printing?
What was the name of the first printed book?
How long do you think Ivan Fedorov worked with assistants on the first printed book?
Librarian. Nowadays, it takes much less time to create a book. In the next library lesson, you will learn how, where and by whom modern books are created.
V . Solving the crossword puzzle.
Now we will check whether you were attentive during the trip. Solve the crossword puzzle. slide 30.
Crossword questions:
How were papyrus books stored in ancient times?
What was the name of the writing material made from animal skins?
What were the ancient Egyptians used to make books?
The invention of what material for creating books belongs to the Chinese?
What else was written in ancient Egypt?
VI . Repetition
1. Drawing up a story according to a plan.
The children speak at will.
2. Literature review
Librarian. You can learn a lot of interesting things about the history of the creation of the book from the following sources:
Book Osetrov E.I. “Az is the light of the world” tells about the history of Russian writing and ancient Russian writers.
In the anthology "Your Russia" you can find interesting information about the creation of birch bark letters, about chroniclers, about the library of Prince Yaroslav the Wise.
VIII . Reflection.
Guys, our journey has come to an end. What was interesting for you? What did you learn new? What do you wish each other? Complete the phrases.
slide 32.
Today in class I learned...
It was interesting to me …
I wish the guys...
Librarian. And I wish you to be active readers, appreciate books, treat them with care. Thank you all for your work.
Bibliography
library lessons. Issue 2. Teaching schoolchildren the basics of library and bibliographic knowledge. Grades 1-11 / M .: Globus, Volgograd: Panorama, 2007. - 160 p. - (School).
Osetrov E.I. Az is the light of the world: A story in short stories about Rus', oral, written, printed / Art. G.Ordynsky. - M.: Det.lit., 1989. - 303 p.: ill.
Puzanov B.P. History of Russia: textbook. For 7 cells. special (correctional) educational institutions of the VIII type / [B.P. Puzanov et al.]. – M.: Humanitarian. ed. Center VLADOS, 2005. - 311 p.: ill. - (Special (correctional) general education school of the VIII type).
Reznik N.M. How the word was born…// Reading, learning, playing. 2003. No. 1.
