Class:
Mindfulness can be done in different ways. It is necessary to develop memory, attention, thinking and other mental functions, but this is hardly the main thing in the development of a person. A thinker with a good memory is sometimes helpless before rudeness. It is more important to prepare a person for a variety of everyday situations: the ability to be different, flexible, purposeful and strong, to educate the inner person - the one who uses all these functions.
“If you caught a fish for your son, you fed him for today. If you taught your son how to fish, you have fed him for a lifetime,” says wisdom. A good psychologist will help a person in his mental suffering, but not every educator is able to teach how to maintain mental health. There are people who know how to survive everywhere and be happy in almost any situation. If a person loves himself, the world, people, if he is internally free and filled with energy, knows what he lives for, he will solve all his problems himself.
“A donkey can be led to the river, but not a single shaitan will make him drink,” says the proverb. If a person does not want to take care of his soul himself, no educational programs will be effective.
Working with teenagers in the "Psychology" section, I pursued the goal - to teach them the elementary skills of theoretical and practical psychology in order to interest young people in further work on themselves, deeper and more meaningful.
The classes were attended by students of secondary schools, lyceums and colleges in the city of Berezniki from 13 to 16 years old.
During the work of the section, a request was received to conduct group training work with adolescents attending these classes. To determine the direction of work, the future members of the group (consisting of 10 people) were asked the question: “What would you like to change in yourself? What would you like to learn?”. Further, a general list of topics for future work was compiled: the need to know oneself, increase self-confidence, and learn to positively resolve conflict situations. As a result, the name of the training was formulated: “Development of a sense of self-confidence”, the main purpose of which is to increase self-confidence.
Adolescence is a very favorable time for such work. This is due, on the one hand, to an increase in their interest in themselves, in their abilities, and on the other hand, with the openness of adolescents during this period to help from adults in overcoming difficulties, problems, and making decisions.
The training “Development of a sense of self-confidence” is aimed at solving the following tasks:
- Provide participants with the means of self-knowledge (self-observation, reflection, etc.).
- Develop the skills necessary for confident behavior.
- Develop the skills needed to deal positively with conflict situations.
The training program is designed for 1 preliminary meeting (to determine the direction of work) and 3 meetings of 4 - 4.5 hours each.
In the development of the training for the teacher-psychologist of the Central Children's and Youth School of Science and Technology Shirshova S.A. psychologists - assistants took part: Leonova O.V., Stepanova Yu.S.
When compiling the training program, the literature was used, the list of which is attached.
Program Structure
Theme: "I am in my own eyes and in the eyes of others."
The goal is to get to know the group and yourself.
- Getting to know the group.
- Enter group rules.
- Provide means of self-knowledge.
- Strengthen self-esteem.
- Learn the elements of relaxation.
Theme: “I am among others”.
The goal is to learn how to correctly express one's feelings and adequately perceive the behavior of another.
- Create a comfortable climate for the free expression of feelings.
- Promote self-awareness.
- Encourage participants to become aware of their different traits.
- Working with feelings.
- Develop the skills and abilities necessary for confident behavior.
Topic: “We are very different and this is why we are interesting to each other.”
The goal is to increase confidence in the field of interpersonal communication
- Learn to understand each other.
- To promote awareness of problems in relationships with people.
- Develop the skills and abilities necessary to positively overcome conflict situations.
- Completion of the group.
1. Acquaintance.
Facilitator: “We will start by having everyone in a circle say their name and say a few words about themselves. Before that, I suggest that each of you take a badge and write your name on it. It doesn't have to be your real name, you can call yourself something else. If you decide to take a different name, then, introducing yourself, say the real one, and then try to say why you decided to change it. Maybe those names that were taken for today will not be needed later, but if necessary, everyone can take their plate and, for example, tell something about themselves under a different name. Begin".
This takes a maximum of 30 minutes.
2. Preliminary stage.
To obtain more complete information about the group members, tasks are offered that reveal the problems of clients' uncertainty.
Host: Now, please, draw the feeling that interferes with you during communication, which is not pleasant for you, because of which you feel insecure. Write the name of this feeling at the top.
This is given a maximum of 15 minutes.
Host: And now, draw the feeling with which you cope with the feeling that you wrote in the first drawing, with which you are pleased and interested in communicating. Also write the name of this feeling at the top.
This is also given a maximum of 15 minutes.
Leading: When you finish drawing, take the first sheet where the feeling that interferes with your communication is drawn and written, and write 5-10 adjectives to the written word at the back of the sheet to explain it. Do the same with the second sheet, on which a pleasant feeling is drawn and written.
This takes a maximum of 20 minutes.
Facilitator: The discussion of these drawings will take place in one of the following lessons.
3. Introduction of rules.
“Presenter”: Now you will be offered the rules of conduct in the group, which apply to both group members and leaders. After each paragraph, I ask you to vote for the adoption (non-acceptance) of this rule.
A maximum of 20 minutes is allotted for discussion of the rules. When the rules are accepted, the leader takes out a sheet with a large inscription of these rules, which after that always lie in the middle of the circle. A promise is made to abide by the rules. The facilitator says the word “I promise”, the group members do the same.
GROUP RULES: “Here and Now”; “Everyone has the right to say no; sincerity and openness; Principle I; Non-judgmental judgments; Activity; Confidentiality.
4. Exercise 1.
Meditation-Visualization “ The ship on which I am sailing.
Approximately 1 hour - 1 hour 20 minutes is allotted for this exercise.
Host: And now draw what you saw and what you want. Maybe it will be your ship, maybe just the sea, or maybe the captain or something else that only you saw.
You have a maximum of 20 minutes to draw.
When discussing the effects of the exercise, in addition to reflecting on the state, it is good to get answers to the questions given on pages 211-212.
Host: And now, in a circle, say in a nutshell: who is feeling like? This concludes the first day, see you tomorrow. (This is said 15 minutes before the end of class.)
Day 2
1. Introduction.
Moderator: Good afternoon, I am very glad to see you all. I hope that your last night and today went well. In order to better understand your condition, I will ask all the participants in the circle to tell you what interesting things happened to you during this time.
Host: V ordinary life often people are content with superficial, shallow contacts with each other, not trying to see what the other feels and experiences. Now you will do an exercise in order to understand what is at stake.
2. Exercise 1. “Eye to eye”.
This exercise is aimed at establishing a deeper and more trusting contact between group members. After the this exercise The facilitator asks the guys about the feelings experienced during the exercise. Who had a hard time making eye contact and why?
A maximum of 20-30 minutes is given for discussion of these questions. A more detailed discussion occurs after the Self-portrait exercise.
3. Exercise 2. “Brownian motion”.
Before doing the third exercise, it is necessary to warm up the group members more strongly. This exercise is used for this.
4. Exercise 3. "Theatre of Touch".
During the entire exercise, the leader moves from pair to pair, helping and guiding the siter, and helping the person lying down to relax. After 25 minutes, the music turns off. And the couples are invited to switch places.
The exercise is silent and there is no discussion afterwards. The time allotted for this exercise should not exceed 50 minutes, i.e. a maximum of 25 minutes is allotted for each lying participant. Instructions for the next exercise are given when the participant, lying on the floor, has just opened his eyes.
5. Exercise 4. “Self-portrait”.
The exercise is aimed at exploring ideas about oneself.
Now take a blank sheet of paper and draw your portrait on it. It can be a portrait of yourself during the “Theater of Touch” exercise (how you saw yourself), or it can be your portrait in everyday life or some other portrait of yourself in your imagination. We draw with the condition not to look and not see the drawings of other members of the group. When you finish painting self-portraits, give us personally.
Mandatory in this exercise is the silence of the group members both when they sit down and when they draw. During this exercise, quiet, calm music should be played.
The exercise is carried out for a maximum of 15 minutes. In order for all the conditions of this exercise to be met, it is necessary to seat all members of the group in different corners of the occupied premises. In extreme cases, put them back to each other. When the drawings are finished and collected, everyone is seated in their places.
Leading: Now I will move the drawing up one by one so that everyone present can answer questions together. In this case, the name of the "artist" will not be named, so that only he alone will know that we are talking about his portrait. At the end of the discussion of each drawing, the “artist”, if he wishes, can give his name.
Impressions about the previous exercises and questions are expressed in the final part of Day 2 or when discussing the drawings. If necessary, elements of psychotherapy are carried out.
15 minutes before the end of work, it is necessary to conduct a “farewell ritual”, which includes: a survey of all group members in a circle about their well-being and mood, as well as farewell.
Day 3
While the participants are seated in a circle, the leader lays out the rules of the group in its center so that the guys gradually get involved in the work.
1. Introduction.
Moderator: Good afternoon, I am very glad to see you all. I hope that your last night and today went well. In order to better understand your condition, I will ask all the participants in the circle to tell you what interesting things happened to you during this time.
The discussion takes place with the inclusion of elements of psychotherapy, and takes a maximum of 45 minutes.
Moderator: There are many types of communication that you all know about. But I would like to talk about some of them, four to be exact. Four types of communication to avoid, which in the end always lead interlocutors to a dead end. We are talking about roles here: aggressive, conciliatory, indirect attack, evasion - these are the roles that people use to solve any problems in communication. Generally speaking, one should not use bad examples to show people what they should not do. But this game is an exception to the rule. The exception is that we will lose the situation in a circle, i.e. Let's “pass” through ourselves the mistakes that were mentioned earlier in order to understand them properly and use the conclusions drawn in everyday practice. In this game, you will experience in your own skin that each of these four types of communication never leads to a good mood and can not lead to a solution to your problems. And when you later find yourself in one of the four roles associated with such communication, you suddenly become aware of it. Only such awareness of the situation in subsequent practice can help you avoid negative, erroneous actions.
2. Exercise 1. “Four types of communication”.
This exercise is aimed at: understanding problems in relations with people; on the development of skills and abilities necessary for the positive overcoming of conflict situations.
The time allotted for this game should not take more than 1 hour, i.е. for each circle for 15 minutes. The discussion takes approximately 30 to 45 minutes.
It is better to distribute this material to the guys participating in the game in such a way that everyone pulls out a piece of paper without looking.
3. Discussion of the drawings.
After playing Roles, when everyone calms down, it is necessary to move smoothly to the fact that we are also different in life: with good features and bad ones, i.e. with the ones we like and the ones we don't like. Here it is necessary to distribute to the participants of the circle the drawings made by them in the first lesson and remind them that one of them has their positive qualities, the other negative.
So, you have drawings in front of you that depict your feelings: on one sheet, one that interferes with you during communication, on the other, which helps you.
This discussion aims to improve understanding of each other through a deeper understanding of ourselves.
All members of the group should take part in the discussion of the drawings, if necessary, elements of psychotherapy are applied in this procedure.
A maximum of 1 hour - 1 hour 30 minutes is given for discussion.
4. Exercise 2. "Tails".
This exercise is aimed at identifying unresolved problems, unexpressed feelings and thoughts of the participants, i.e. to identify important "tails" of the group history and their elaboration.
Answers to questions are discussed here. This exercise takes a maximum of 30 minutes.
Now, please think for a couple of minutes about the following: what is the most important experience you have in this group that will help you cope better Everyday life? Please write it down on a piece of paper.
After writing on the sheets in a circle, at the request of the participants, the answers are read out. This task takes a maximum of 10 minutes.
5. The final stage of work.
At this stage, our work is completed and we invite you to say goodbye to each other. To do this, please stand up. And now, when the music starts, silently, only with your eyes and body, say goodbye to each other, and thank you.
This takes 10 minutes. After that, the music is turned off.
And now, please stand in a circle and hold hands. And now let's say goodbye all together, with the whole group. Let's shout as loudly as possible: "Goodbye."
After that, 5-10 minutes are given for a free farewell of the participants.
In conclusion, I would like to emphasize once again that the proposed training is aimed at supporting the participants in the following manifestations: more positive thoughts and feelings about themselves; sympathy for oneself; the ability to treat yourself with humor; feelings of pride in oneself as a person; better understanding of one's own strengths and weaknesses.
This work is necessary to ensure more effective interaction of adolescents in everyday life and for the successful solution of their daily tasks.
The positive result of this training is that teenagers got to know themselves better, their strengths, they managed to develop self-esteem, they learned to overcome uncertainty, fear, increased anxiety in different situations They also learned to most successfully and fully realize themselves in behavior and activities, to assert their rights and their own value, not only without infringing on the rights and values of other people, but also contributing to their increase.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Birkenbil V.F. Communication Training: The Science of Communication for All. M.: FAIR-PRES, 2002.
- Bozhovich L.I. Personality and its formation in childhood. M., 1968.
- Vachkov I. Fundamentals of group training technology. Psychotechnics. M.: Ed. "Axis - 89", 2000.
- Dobrovich A.B. Educator about the psychology and psychohygiene of communication. M., 1993.
- Dubrovina I.V. Handbook of a practical psychologist: Psychological programs for personality development in adolescence and senior school age. M., ed. Center "Academy", 1997.
- Kozlov N. Best psychological games and exercises. Yekaterinburg: Ed. ARD LTD. 1997.
- Krivtsova S.V., Mukhamatulina E.A. Training: skills of constructive interaction with teenagers. No. ed., erased. - M., Genesis, 1999.
- Ovcharova R.V. reference book school psychologist. M.: “Enlightenment”, “Educational literature”, 1996.
- Parishioners A.M. The development of self-confidence and the ability to self-knowledge in children aged 10-12 years (course program) / / Developmental and correctional programs for working with younger students and adolescents / Ed. I.V. Dubrovina. Moscow - Tula, 1993.
- Rudestam K. Group psychotherapy. Psycho-correctional groups - theory and practice. M., 1990.
- Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate? Psychological games and exercises: Practical guide.V.1. M.: Genesis, 1998.
- Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate? Psychological games and exercises: A practical guide.V.2. M.: Genesis, 1998.
- Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate? Psychological games and exercises: A practical guide.V.3. M.: Genesis, 1998.
- Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate? Psychological games and exercises: A practical guide.V.4. M.: Genesis, 1998.
- Fopel K. Psychological groups: Working materials for the presenter: A practical guide. M.: Genesis, 1999.
Training school leader "Vertical"
06.04.18
The theme is "Be confident."
Goals and objectives:
to acquaint students with the signs characteristic of an aggressive, confident and insecure person;
build a sense of self-confidence;
develop skills of confident behavior;
continue to work on acquaintance and rallying the asset for further joint work.
Equipment and attributes:
Badges;
Chairs, tables, sheets of paper, pens;
Cards with tables, situations and roles;
Computer, projector and screen.
Participants: students of the leader's school "Vertical".
STUDY PROCEDURE:
Stage 1: Introductory.
The participants sit in a circle.
Good afternoon I'm very glad to see you. Today, the best guys have gathered at our lesson: smart, active, independent, cheerful, purposeful - in a word: leaders. Let's greet each other with loud applause!
(Applause sounds.)
But before we start studying, let's do this exercise: everyone will need to alternately say two phrases “Today I have ...” and “I don’t want to boast, but ...”.
(Performing the exercise in a circle).
Well done! You have successfully completed the task! How will you deal with the next one?
The game "Find a person" (materials paper and pens).
You know that the success of a leader is affected by the presence of "search behavior". In this game, we will test your ability to quickly make friends.
You will need to enter the names of people who meet the given criteria on the tablets I have distributed as soon as possible.
So let's get started!
(Playing the game, presenting the results in a circle)
Thanks to this simple game, we got to know each other better and got ready and can move on to the next stage of our lesson.
Stage 2: Work on the topic of the lesson.
And now, guys, I suggest you read the statements famous people and determine the topic of today's lesson.
(Statements are displayed on the screen, which are read aloud)
“No matter how high a mountain is, people can climb it… as long as they have determination and confidence.”Andersen
“The worst disbelief is disbelief in oneself”Carlyle, Carlyle Thomas
“Avoid those who try to undermine your BELIEF IN YOURSELF. This trait is characteristic of small people. great person, on the contrary, inspires you with the feeling that YOU CAN BECOME GREAT"Mark Twain
“Self-confidence is the foundation of our confidence in others”
F. La Rochefoucauld
“If a person loses confidence, then he stops seeing the road. Nothing shines like that"NN
"The self-confidence that comes with achieving your goals is the most beautiful thing in the world"Madonna
(Children express their guesses.)
That's right guys! Today we will talk about a very important quality of a leader - self-confidence. And the topic of our lesson"Be confident in yourself." . Wewe will get acquainted with the signs characteristic of an aggressive, confident and insecure person; we willbuild self-confidence and practice self-confidence skills.
On the topic of self-confidence, my choice fell not by chance. When teenagers are asked about what is most important for them in terms of psychology, what they would like to learn, the results show that the statement "I would like to develop self-confidence" is most often put in the first place. And this is quite natural: after all, such a quality is very important for later life, for achieving success in a variety of situations, whether it be relationships with friends and girlfriends, training or work, sports or other hobbies. After all, behaving confidently means being able to set and achieve goals, control yourself, defend your interests without aggression and shyness, and overcome conflicts with honor. Of course, these qualities develop throughout life, but the most important influence on their formation is that life experience accumulated at a young age.
What is your degree of self-confidence? This will help us to determine the test "Self-assessment of the level of self-confidence".
(Testing of participants. Announcement of results).
So,what kind of behavior can be called confident?
Focused on overcoming emerging obstacles, not to worry about them. All people periodically have certain difficulties, this is a life reality. But react different people these difficulties in different ways. For an insecure person, they turn into such obstacles that cause a lot of negative experiences, but constructive
they do not cause a new activity aimed at overcoming them. He spends a lot of energy precisely on these experiences, while not moving towards goals. Or, at the other extreme, he spends all his strength on overcoming the obstacles that have arisen, which in reality are not surmountable at all, the circumstances that caused them do not depend on the person. And, faced with the next failures, he worries more and more. A confident person is capable of a rational analysis of the difficulties that arise and, if they seem surmountable (with a reasonable, justified expenditure of time and effort), then he spends his efforts precisely on overcoming them. If the obstacles turn out to be too serious or even insurmountable, such a person does not “break his forehead into a closed door”, but reconsiders goals or looks for other ways to achieve them.
Purposeful. With confident behavior, a person presents goals accurately enough and builds his own actions in such a way that they allow him to approach them. At the same time, not all goals are a prerequisite for confident behavior. First, they must be realistic, that is, fundamentally achievable by a given person, taking into account his capabilities and limitations. Secondly, the goals must be specific, such that a person has an exact idea on the basis of what, according to what criteria, he will be able to judge whether they have been achieved or not. Thirdly, it is more appropriate to define goals for yourself in positive terms: as an image of what you plan to achieve, and not what you would like to avoid.
flexible, implying an adequate response to a rapidly changing environment. Such a person quickly navigates in situations of novelty and uncertainty, and if he sees that some actions do not lead to positive results, he begins to act differently. Flexibility is especially evident in communication. A confident person is able to change the style of his communication, depending on which interlocutors he is talking to and in what conditions this happens. An insecure person is constantly “hiding” behind some social role, behaves in accordance with it without taking into account the situation in which he is (for example, as a military man, always and with everyone communicating from command positions, so “fused” with this role that it becomes almost impossible for him to communicate in any other way) .
Focused on building constructive relationships with others implying movement "toward the people", not "away from the people" or "against the people". Such a person seeks to establish harmonious relationships with others based on trust, mutual understanding and cooperation. This strategy of behavior is maintained even when a person encounters difficulties. To overcome them, a confident person, if necessary, uses "social resources", turns to those around him for support. Other strategies involve either withdrawing into oneself, locking in one's inner world, loneliness (movement "from people"), or opposing oneself to others, enmity with them, aggression (movement "against people"). If a person is inclined to any of these strategies, then in the event of life difficulties, this tendency also intensifies: a closed one is rejected from people even more, becomes unsociable, and a hostile one goes over to open aggression. And this leads to the fact that there is a kind of “vicious circle”, problems as a result of such behavior are amplified even more.
Combining spontaneity with the possibility of arbitrary regulation. When the situation requires immediate action, a person performs them, but if necessary, he can also control his spontaneous reactions. This applies not only to behavior, but also to emotional response. Such a person does not seek to constantly suppress his emotions and feelings, he allows himself to openly express them. But if necessary (for example, when the situation does not allow them to be manifested outwardly or they are too strong, preventing an adequate perception of reality), he is ready to take them under control.
Persistent, but not turning into aggressive. A person makes efforts to achieve his goals, but does this, if possible, not to the detriment of the interests of other people. Of course, confident behavior does not mean a "sacrificial position" and the abandonment of one's interests. On the contrary, such a person is ready to defend them very harshly, to go into conflict for their sake. But, firstly, in such conflicts, he concentrates precisely on defending his interests, and not on insulting, humiliating or offending the interlocutor as a person. Secondly, a confident person does not conflict without objective reasons for it. When something that caused tension is more important for a partner than for such a person, or when it is more important for him to maintain harmonious relationships, then he is ready to give in, to sacrifice his interests. For him, it is more important not to “go on principle”, but to resolve the conflict flexibly, taking into account all the nuances of the situation in which it arose.
Focused on achieving success rather than avoiding failure . A person is centered on getting something positive, and is guided precisely by this goal, and not by avoiding possible troubles. Reflecting on his goals, such a person imagines their successful achievement, and not how he fails. For example, when starting to study for an exam, a confident person imagines it successful delivery and is striving for this goal. The insecure one imagines how he "fails" the exam, and strives to ensure that this situation does not become a reality. The first of these types of motivation is more effective and more likely to lead to success. First, when a person imagines favorable outcome the upcoming business, his emotional state is much better than when he imagines failure. As a result, his activities will be more efficient, which will increase the chances of success. Secondly, when we imagine something in detail, then, willy-nilly, we begin to translate our ideas into reality.
Creative. A person who exhibits confident behavior does not waste energy on fighting with anyone or anything (be it the people around him or his own mental characteristics), but instead creates what he sees fit. It's like in business, where the winner is not the one who spends resources on fighting competitors, but the one who does his job more efficiently than they do. To overcome a bad habit is to replace it with a good one. To abandon an inefficient way of thinking or behaving means to develop another, more effective one. Overcoming your own insecurity means mastering the ways of confident behavior. As the proverb says, "it's better to fight for something than against something."
Self-confidence, by the way, does not meanundoubtedly high self-esteem person. It implies that he, along with the fact that he accepts himself as a whole as a person, his particular abilities and skillsevaluates realistically - that is, not always highly. The self-esteem of a confident person is not
as much elevated as concrete: each particular is evaluated separately, but this is not transferred to the personality as a whole. An insecure person, on the other hand, has an unstable and too generalized self-esteem, often he argues according to the scheme “if I didn’t succeed, it means that I myself am bad and good for nothing, nothing will work out for me.” Or, conversely, "since it succeeded, then everything else should work." And such directly opposite judgments can change several times a day under the influence of insignificant, random factors.
Sometimes confident behavior is seen as intermediate between shy and aggressive, and aggression is treated as a consequence of an excess of confidence. In fact, aggression is also a manifestation of uncertainty! What then is the difference between those for whom insecurity leads to shyness and those for whom it manifests itself in the form of aggression? There is reason to believe that the main difference between these types of responses is related to what a person tends to attribute responsibility for his own inability to achieve the goal. Shy people attribute this responsibility to themselves (reasoning lined up along the lines of “I can’t do it because I’m bad myself”). Aggressive ones shift it to other people or to the surrounding reality as a whole (“I can’t do it, because you tell meinterfering"). This can be shown in the diagram:
What do you guys think, what are the signs of a confident and insecure (aggressive and shy) person?
Signs of confident and insecure behavior
A person who exhibits a confident demeanor appears calm and carries himself with dignity. He has an open look, even posture, a calm and confident voice. He does not fuss, does not fawn, does not show irritation.
The behavior of an insecure person is of two types: aggressive and passive-dependent.
An insecure person can be aggressive: shout, insult, wave his arms, look with contempt, etc. The manifestation of aggressive behavior, no matter how strange it may seem, is an indicator of insecurity. Such behavior is characterized by exactingness or hostility, the person "gets personal" and often pays attention not so much to satisfying his needs as to punishing the other.
Uncertainty also manifests itself through the opposite, shy behavior: such a person can be very quiet, shy, walk stooped and head down, avoid a direct look, give in to any pressure on him. With such behavior, a person avoids a direct discussion of the problem, tends to talk about his desires and needs in an indirect form, “in a roundabout way”, is passive, but at the same time is not ready to accept what the partner can offer.
A self-confident person is able to defend his position without resorting to either aggression or passive-dependent behavior. He speaks candidly about his needs, as well as the desired actions on the part of partners, doing this without hostility and self-defense. A confident person is also distinguished by the ability to show independence, to defend his personal opinion, and not dutifully follow others.
Stage 3: Role-playing game "I can be different."
Now we will spend role play"I can be different", through which you can determine how a teenager feels and behaves when he is in roles: a confident, shy or aggressive person.
Each of you will need to play a certain role in the situation I have proposed.
(The facilitator distributes cards with roles to everyone, then reads situation number 1, and three participants beat it in three ways, etc., until everyone has participated in the game).
Then there is a discussion, and conclusions are drawn:
Aggressive behaves rudely, impudently, attacks, threatens, looks down, etc.;
The shy one speaks softly, begs, looks with an imploring look, etc.;
Confident partially yields, assumes, acts with reason, etc.
How does an aggressive, shy, and confident person feel?
(aggressive causes discomfort; shy causes pity; confident gives a feeling of reliability).
Stage 4: Exercise "Help a friend."
Guys, imagine that you work for a popular youth radio station, and a teenager called you with a problem, that he is very insecure, and asks you for help and support. What would you wish him? Now you have to write down on pieces of paper your wishes and advice to an insecure teenager.
(Work in groups. Speeches of representatives of groups).
Was it difficult for you to find words to support an insecure person? In fact, the more you support other people, the more confident you become.
Here are some more tips to boost your confidence:
1. Remember, there are no perfect people, and you are no exception, so allow yourself to make mistakes. Take it easy. Any mistake is an experience that allows you to improve!
2. Being confident does not mean being cocky, aggressive, or abusive towards others.
3. Apply self-hypnosis.
4. Notice your successes and achievements, even small ones. Praise yourself for them!
5. Do not concentrate on what and how others will think or say about you.
Start now a little more to believe in yourself, appreciate and love yourself and you will succeed!
(Showing four cool confidence slides)
And last but not least, smile more often! After all, a smile is one of the most important signs of a confident person!
Stage 5: Speech by the leaders who became participants in the profile shift "Architecture of Talents" .
Stage 6: Summing up, receiving feedback.
Summing up all of the above, I want to remind you that confidence does not come just like that, by itself, in order for it to appear, one should show
activity, get involved in business, accumulate and comprehend life experience.
I would like today's lesson to allow you to better understand yourself, to determine what exactly you should pay attention to in order to become more self-confident - and therefore happier and successful people and effective leaders.
And now let's say in a circle what was the most important thing for you in this lesson, what you liked and what you didn't like.
(Reflection)
Exercise "Closing the Circle"
At the end of our lesson, let's do an exercise that will fill us with positive emotions and create a sense of our unity. We will take turns taking our neighbor on the right by the hand, call him by name and say a few pleasant words to him, starting, for example, like this, “Tanya, today you are ...” or “Lena, I am glad to meet you, because ...”. Having already said the words, he does not open his hands. As a result, we will have vicious circle as a symbol of our unity. So, I'm starting.
(Statements in a circle).
And now all together we will raise our hands up with the words "Goodbye, we!"
Thank you! Until we meet again
Training "Increasing self-confidence"
Target: development of the skill of confident behavior, self-knowledge, self-improvement,recognition of one's undiscovered potential.
Training objectives:
expand your self-image;
to update and realize their strengths;
help group members distinguish confident behavior from insecure;
Materials: a small ball, A4 paper, a pen, pencils or felt-tip pens, calm relaxing music.
Time spending: 3 hours 10 minutes
Number of participants: 12
Course of the training program
Introduction : Self-confidence is a person's experience of his capabilities, both adequate to the tasks that he faces in life, and to those that he sets himself. Self-confidence in any kind of activity takes place when a person's self-esteem corresponds to his real capabilities. If self-esteem is higher (lower) than real capabilities, then self-confidence (self-doubt) takes place, respectively. Self-confidence can also become a stable personality trait.
Exercise 1 "Funny ball"
Target : warm-up, developing the ability to speak and listen to compliments.
Time: 5 minutes
Material: small size ball
Exercise progress: Let's start today with a game. Throwing this ball to each other in turn, we will talk about the unconditional merits, strengths of the one to whom the ball is thrown. We will be careful that everyone has the ball.
Exercise 2 "Steps"
Target : to help participants build adequate self-esteem.
Time: 7 minutes
Material: paper, pen, pencil
Exercise progress : Participants are asked to draw a ladder of 10 steps. Instructions are given: “Draw yourself on the step you think you are on right now.”
After everyone has drawn, the facilitator gives the key to this technique:
Step 1-4 - low self-esteem
Step 5-7 - self-esteem is adequate
8-10 step - self-esteem is too high
Questions for discussion:
1. Is it correct given result your idea of self-worth? Why do you think so?
Exercise 3 "Great Master"
Target: actualization of the strengths of the individual.
Time: 10 minutes
Material: paper, pen, pencil
Exercise progress: I invite you to think about the "Great Master" of what you are and tell everyone about it. 2 minutes to think. Each participant in a circle begins his statement with the words “I am a great master ......”, for example, hiking, making coffee, and you need to convince other participants of this.
Questions for discussion:
Was it difficult or easy for you to remember and say in front of everyone what master you are?
What feelings arose during the task?
Exercise 4 "I am strong - I am weak"
Target : help group members distinguish confident behavior from insecure behavior, promote the development of self-confidence through role-playing.
Time : 15 minutes
materials : not required.
Exercise progress : Participants are divided into pairs and each stand opposite each other. The first person in the pair holds out their hand. The second participant in the pair tries to lower the partner's hand by pressing on it from above. The first participant in the pair should try to hold his hand, while saying loudly and decisively: "I am strong." Now we repeat the same thing, but the first participant in the pair says “I am weak”, pronouncing it with the appropriate intonation, i.e. quiet, sad. Try to change.
Questions for discussion:
When was it easier for you to hold your hand: in the first or in the second case?
Why do you think?
What feelings did you experience while doing this exercise?
What effect did the phrases you uttered “I am strong”, “I am weak” have on the performance of the task?
Exercise 5 "Drawing I"
Target : expand self-image, self-knowledge.
Time : 25 minutes
materials
Exercise progress : Taking pencils or felt-tip pens, paper, participants are located anywhere in the room. It is desirable that no one sit next to each other. On a piece of paper, they have to draw their own image in allegorical form as they imagine themselves. A certain amount of time is given for drawing. For example, after 10 minutes, after which one should not strictly demand the end of the drawing, each participant should be given the opportunity to finish his drawing in a calm atmosphere.
Instructions for participants: You can draw whatever you want. It can be a picture of nature, a still life, an abstraction, a fantasy world, an action-packed situation, something in the style of a rebus, in general, anything, but with what you associate, connect, explain, compare yourself, your state of life, your nature.
Questions for discussion:
What qualities does this person have?
Is he a confident person or vice versa?
When they spoke about your drawing, what feelings did you experience?
Does everything said about this picture match your qualities?
Exercise 6 "Motto"
Target: make participants aware of their individuality and goals in life.
Time: 15 minutes
Materials: paper, pens
Exercise progress: Leading. There was a custom in the old days - to depict the family coat of arms and motto on the castle gates, on the knight's shield, i.e. a short sentence expressing the guiding idea or purpose of the owner's activity. We will not draw a coat of arms, but let's think about the motto. Each member of the group must formulate his own motto, which reflects his life credo, attitude towards the world as a whole and towards himself. 5 minutes are given to formulate the motto (but participants should not be rushed). Then you will read your mottos one by one and, if necessary, give the necessary explanations.
The main thing in this exercise is the idea and emancipation of self-expression. During the discussion, everyone has the right to ask each other questions and comment on their mottos.
Questions for discussion:
1. What feelings arose when compiling the motto?
2. Why was the task useful?
3. Will you use this motto in your life?
Exercise 7 "Who am I?"
Target : promote rapprochement of the group, introspection.
Time : 15 minutes
materials : paper, pens.
Exercise progress: Participants are invited to think about the question “Who am I?”, Then write numbers from 1 to 10 on a piece of paper, opposite each number you need to write your characteristics, traits, interests, which perhaps none of those present can guess. Then everyone hands over their paper to the host, the papers are shuffled and everyone chooses a paper. The characteristics are read aloud and the participants must guess who these traits belong to.
Issues for discussion:
What feelings did you experience while doing the exercise?
Was it easy for you to do it?
Was it difficult for any of you to guess who the characteristics belong to?
In your opinion, did all of the listed characteristics of a person suit this participant?
Exercise 8 "Intonation"
Target : Closing correction.
Time: 15 minutes
Materials: paper
Exercise progress: On small pieces of paper, participants write the name of any feeling, emotion. Then the sheets are collected, shuffled and distributed again. Now the group decides which phrase, line from the verse to take as the basis for further actions. After that, the participants take turns pronouncing this phrase with an intonation corresponding to the feeling that they have written down on a piece of paper. The rest of the group guesses with what intonation the phrase was uttered.
Questions for discussion:
1. Was there any embarrassment when pronouncing the phrase in such an unusual way?
2. How did the exercise evoke feelings?
Exercise 9 "Additional drawing"
Target : to reveal a tendency to insecurity.
Time : 20 minutes
materials : pencils or felt-tip pens, A4 paper.
Procedure : The pattern is sent around. One of the participants begins to draw, the other continues, adding something, and so on in a circle.
The drawing can be done with felt-tip pens, pencils ... The drawing is done on one sheet because. The theme is to increase confidence. With each subsequent addition, the space will decrease, which can confuse an insecure person, because. it will "disturb" the other's drawing.
When analyzing the resulting drawing, the artistic level of its implementation is not taken into account. We are talking, first of all, about the feelings of the subjects tested by the subject when adding someone else's drawing, the lack of a place where you can draw something of your own, the fear of spoiling what has already been drawn ...
Questions:
Did you complete the drawing?
If not, why not?
Is that exactly what you would like to add?
If not, why not?
What exactly did you picture?
Exercise 10 "I am a star"
Target : developing skills of confident behavior.
Time : 20 minutes
materials : not required.
Procedure : The exercise is carried out in a circle. Each participant chooses for himself the role of a star that is significant for him and at the same time known to those present (Alla Pugacheva, president, fairy-tale character, literary hero, etc.). Then he conducts a self-presentation (verbally or non-verbally: he says a phrase or shows some gesture that characterizes his star). The rest of the participants try to guess the name of the "idol".
Questions:
Was it difficult for you to choose the role of a significant and famous star for yourself?
What is similar between you and the chosen star?
What feelings did you have during the presentation?
Did you try to show the star you chose in a way that was understandable to others?
Where was it easier to show or guess?
Exercise 11 "Just believe in yourself"
Target: relaxation, self-knowledge, raising self-confidence.
Time: 15 minutes
Materials: calm, relaxing music
Exercise progress : It is suggested to sit comfortably, close your eyes and relax. When everyone sat down, calmed down, the music starts to sound and the host says his words: Close your eyes and imagine that you are in a large room with two mirrors on opposite walls. In one of them you see your reflection. Your appearance, facial expression, posture - everything speaks of extreme uncertainty. You hear how timidly and quietly you pronounce the words, and your inner voice constantly repeats: “I am the worst of all!” Try to completely merge with your reflection in the mirror and feel completely immersed in the swamp of uncertainty. With each inhalation and exhalation, increase the sensations of fear, anxiety, suspiciousness. And then slowly "exit" the mirror and note how your image becomes more and more dimmer and, finally, goes out completely. You will never return to it.
Slowly turn around and look at your reflection in another mirror. You are a confident person! Memory suggests three bright events in your life when you were "on horseback". Remember the sounds, images, smells that accompanied your feeling of confidence then. Your inner voice broke out: “I believe in myself! I'm confident!" The red bar of your confidence rises on the scale of the thermometer and with each inhalation and exhalation you approach the centigrade mark. What is the color of your confidence? Fill yourself with it. Create a cloud of confidence around you and surround your body with it. Add music of confidence, smells. Try to see the symbols, the image of your confidence and merge with it. Imagine a sweeping inscription in gilded letters on basalt: “I am confident!”. Imagine a huge hall. You stand on the stage, and tens of thousands of people applaud you. At the end, take a deep breath and open your eyes..
Questions for discussion:
1. What feelings did you have after imagining yourself confident?
2. The image of which person presented himself better? Confident or vice versa?
Reflection
Target: summarizing the training Feedback
Time: 15 minutes
Materials: not required
Exercise progress: The group members are invited to close their eyes and imagine that the group session is over. You are going home.Think about what you didn't say to the group but would like to say. What psychological qualities did you manifest while participating in the training? What feelings did you experience? What did you learn about yourself, about the group? How will you use this knowledge? What have you learned? How will this be useful in the future? What was important? What are you thinking about? What happened to you? What needs to be developed for the future? After a few minutes, it is proposed to open your eyes and answer any question from all voiced.
Thank you very much for coming to the training, I hope that it will not pass without a trace in your life, that something will be useful to you and that you have thought about something and will work in this direction. Goodbye.
Content:
Self-doubt is not a terrible vice. It would seem that something terrible will happen if, because of her, you refuse to try yourself in new job or meet someone you like. What if it would turn out that this work is the vocation of a lifetime, and the person is your destiny? you will never know because you were insecure and didn't take your chance. If you count how many losses in life occur due to indecision and timidity, you can be horrified. Doubts devour everything - money, energy, love, success. Only regrets about unfulfilled dreams and unrealized opportunities remain.
But all this is never too late to change. To do this, you just need to become a confident person. By using simple self-confidence training, which consists of simple exercises, you can better know yourself.
Confidence is born precisely from knowing your capabilities and yourself.
The purpose of the training: to explore and know yourself, self-improvement, personal and professional growth, self-knowledge and therapy, revealing one's undisclosed potential.
Training objectives:
- learn to live brightly and joyfully, fulfilling your cherished dreams;
- learn to open and realize your habits and outlook on life;
- find out your true nature;
- with absolute confidence to feel in any situation;
- understand how to deal with shyness and anxiety;
- confidently maintain a conversation and business negotiations;
- easy to perform in front of a large crowd of people;
- not be afraid to take risks.
"How I see myself, how I will be in the future"
The purpose of the training exercise: to learn to develop an objective self-assessment of oneself, to learn to focus on the result that needs to be achieved.
This exercise should be done in a group. You need to take a piece of paper, pencils and draw the way you see yourself. The more colorful the drawing, the better. Draw the important elements of your life: hobbies, hobbies, beloved pet, etc. After that, all the leaves need to be collected and mixed, after which everyone shares their impressions about each drawing.
Using a piece of paper and pencils, draw yourself again, but only now in the future. It is necessary to say aloud a kind of "defense" of the drawing.
“If that happened… then I would do…”
The purpose of the training exercise: to develop a quick response to various conflict situations.
The exercise is carried out in a group in a circle. One person comes up with a conflict situation (for example: “If my wallet was stolen on the bus ...”), and the second expresses his reaction to it (for example: “... I would start screaming, call the police”).
"Wings of Confidence"
The purpose of the training exercise: to discover new energy opportunities.
You need to sit or lie down comfortably and consciously generate the sensations that you associate with confidence. To do this, you need to rummage through your memory, remember and relive several situations in which you felt very confident. Usually in such cases there is a feeling that wings have grown behind the back. The person straightens his back, straightens his shoulders and confidently looks into the eyes of others. At the same time, control of the situation increases and coordination of movements improves. you are an absolutely confident person.
"The most charming and attractive"
The purpose of the training exercise: to love yourself and learn to be liberated.
Exercise for women is well known, but very effective. Everyone needs to take a small mirror with them. All trainees are required to stand in a circle. At first, everyone gives each other at least three compliments. After that, each participant tells the audience about her 3 qualities for which she can be loved. The last quality should affect appearance and is said in front of a mirror.
If you do this exercise at home regularly, you can get stunning results.
"Searching for Real Hope"
The purpose of the training exercise: to assess your real capabilities.
Throughout the week, you need to pay attention to all situations where you are faced with empty dreams, and when you are faced with real hope (regardless of their size).
For example:
- in the afternoon, the thought comes to you that it would be nice to sign up for a sports club or go for a run, after which you get distracted and forget about it;
- standing on the scales in the middle of the day, you think it's time to lose weight, and during dinner you refuse the pie;
- your friend constantly tells everyone what car he wants to buy, without having the funds and doing nothing to change it;
- a friend declares that she wants to quit smoking for 5 years already, but does nothing;
- every day you think about learning English or enrolling in advanced training courses, and you don’t even make a single necessary phone call for this.
You need to make a list. At the end of the week, read it carefully and ask yourself the following questions:
- How do I feel about people living in empty dreams?
- What kind of response do people get from others who use real hopes?
- What do people focus on in the first and second situations?
- Which hopes are real and which are empty?
"Autopilot"
The purpose of the training exercise is to realize your true aspirations and increase self-confidence.
Each participant in the training should think about how he would like to be: how to behave, how to dress, what attitude should be towards himself and others, in what environment to rotate, etc. Taking into account all this, it is necessary to draw up a consistent program for your own “ autopilot." It must be written according to a certain scheme. For example: "I'm confident, I'm good." After completing the program, each in turn reads it aloud in such a way that others have the feeling that this person really is like that.
Using these simple 6 exercises, you will easily discover new energy opportunities for yourself. An insecure person spends a large number of energy for fear, anxiety, resentment and anger, instead of using it to achieve goals. Learn to apply this energy in the directions you need, life will become much easier and more fun. you will discover more and more new horizons! You just need to cast aside all doubts and head towards the confidence that will fill your body with energy and your heart with joy.
Ulyanova Natalya Viktorovna
MOU secondary school No. 3, Raduzhny, Khanty-Mansiysk district
Educational psychologist
Confidence training.
Lesson 1
Developing self-confidence starts with
eliminating the demon called fear;
this demon sits on a man's shoulder and
whispers to him: "You can't do this..."
N. Hill. Law of Success
Target: Creating conditions for finding your strengths, training confident behavior in a situation of public speaking.
Equipment :
1. Tape recorder.
Recordings of calm music (sounds of nature).
Planks format A 4.
Colored crayons, colored pencils.
Sheets of paper A 4.
Cards with incomplete phrases.
Running time: 90 minutes.
Age: 13-15 years (participants of the scientific and practical conference).
Lesson progress
Greetings to the participants of the training. Message about the goals of the planned work. Development of rules for working in a group.
Mini lecture.
Confident behavior is a collective concept that includes various states. It:
goal-oriented: a confident person quite accurately represents his goals and builds his own actions in such a way that they allow him to get closer to the intended goals. However, they should be: realistic, specific and positive;
focused on overcoming emerging obstacles, and not on experiencing them: a confident person is able to change the style of his communication, depending on which interlocutors he contacts and in what conditions this happens.
flexible, implying an adequate response to a rapidly changing environment;
socially oriented - aimed at building constructive relationships with others: the movement "towards people." Such a person strives to establish harmonious relationships with others based on trust, mutual understanding and cooperation.
combining spontaneity with the possibility of arbitrariness of arbitrary regulation, i.e. such a person does not seek to constantly suppress his emotions and feelings, allows himself to openly express them. But if necessary, he is ready to take them under control;
persistent, but not turning into aggressive: a person makes efforts to achieve his goals, but does this, if possible, not to the detriment of the interests of other people, but is ready to defend his interests very tough and go into conflict only for objective reasons. It is preferable for him not to go on principle, but to resolve the conflict flexibly.
creative: a person who exhibits confident behavior does not waste energy on fighting with anyone or anything, but instead creates what he sees fit
Thus: “Self-confidence is understood as the ability of a person to put forward and implement their own goals, needs, desires, claims, interests, feelings in relation to their environment”
(Starshenbaum, 2006, p. 92).
Confident people are characterized by:
independence;
self-sufficiency.
External signs of a confident person:
looks calm;
carries himself with dignity;
open look;
even posture;
A confident person can:
defend your position peacefully;
speak frankly without hostility or self-defence;
stand up for your rights without violating the rights of others. This is direct, open behavior, not intended to harm others.
Practical part.
Exercise "Repeat after me"
Acquaintance, warm-up. The exercise allows you to remember the names of the participants.
Instruction: The participant who starts the exercise tells the group his name and accompanies it with some simple movement. All participants repeat his name and movements.
Exercise "Drawing in a circle."
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
Removal of psychophysical stress, group cohesion.
Instruction: take a sheet of white paper and choose the color of the pencil that is most pleasing to you. As soon as you hear the signal (clapping your hands), start drawing whatever you want. By cotton, pass your sheet along with a pencil to the neighbor on the left, he finishes drawing. Then further in a circle until the sheet returns back to the owner.
Maybe one of you wants to add to your drawing, or maybe change something in it or draw a new one?
Analysis :
1. Did you like what happened?
3. Was it difficult to support the theme of the other person's drawing?
Exercise "Frankly"
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
Strengthening group trust in others, relieving internal tension, fears, creating a situation of frankness.
Material: cards with incomplete sentences.
Instruction: There is a stack of cards in front of you. Now each of you will go out in turn and take one card each, on which an unfinished phrase is written. You need to immediately, without hesitation, finish the phrase. Try to be as frank and sincere as possible. If the group members feel the insincerity of any of the participants, he will have to take another card with a new text and answer again.
To be honest, when I think about the upcoming lesson...
Frankly speaking, when I get ready for the lessons
To be honest, when I get home...
To be honest, when I'm worried...
To be honest, when I come to class...
To be honest, when I talk to my parents...
To be frank, when parents gather for a meeting at school...
To be honest, when I'm preparing for a public speaking...
To be honest, when I look into the hall and see a lot of people…
To be honest, when my performance was over...
To be honest, I miss...
Analysis:
1. Was it difficult to complete the suggested phrases?
2. Did you learn anything new about your fellow band members?
3. Have you learned something new about yourself?
4. What are your life's most important goals at the moment?
Name Parsing Exercise
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
Providing an opportunity for self-presentation.
Material: sheets of A4 paper, colored pencils.
Instruction: Participants are invited to spell their name and pick up words that begin with each of these letters that characterize them. 4-5 minutes are given for reflection. Then everyone calls his name and the characteristics that he managed to come up with.
Here's how, for example, the name "Victoria" might look like:
B - polite
I - interesting
K - beautiful
T - mysterious
Oh - charming
R. - different
I - resourceful
Analysis:
Was it difficult to find characteristics?
Who would like to add other characteristics that are very suitable for you, but their names do not begin with the letters that go into the name?
Exercise "Well done!"
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
Formation of confident behavior in times of stress.
Instruction: You need to divide into two groups according to the principle: external - internal. Form an inner and outer circle. Participants in the outer circle must find a partner from the inner; stand opposite each other and, on a signal, take turns talking about your achievements. The one who listens bends his fingers and utters a phrase for each achievement of the partner: “And you are great! Once! And you are great! Two!" And so on. If you think only bad things about yourself, still courageously assert only good things about yourself.
If any of you feel embarrassed or insecure while doing this exercise, say to yourself: "I love myself, I am unique and one of a kind!"
Whenever negative assessments come to your mind, remember that you still need to develop and develop naturally, you cannot be perfect yet.
On a signal, the inner circle stays where it is, while the members of the outer circle take a step and change partners. Game continues.
Analysis:
1. How many good things did you remember about yourself and about yourself?
2. Do you sometimes say to yourself, "I'm good at this?"
3. What have you learned from your partner?
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
Creating conditions for finding your strengths, training confident behavior in a situation of public presentation.
Material: sheets of A4 paper, pencils.
Instruction: Participants need to prepare and provide a recommendation in order to be accepted into a closed elite club. Prepare such a recommendation for yourself. It should reflect your main advantages, strengths, present yourself as worthy to be in the "elite club". It is up to the participants to decide what exactly to pay attention to, but they should be reminded that it should be about real, not fictional facts and virtues.
Analysis :
1. What presentations are best remembered for what exactly?
2. If someone has difficulties, what are they connected with, how can they be overcome?
Exercise "Abstract painting"
The psychological meaning of the exercise.
At the stage of creating drawings, the creativity of the participants is trained, at the presentation stage - confident behavior in the situation of presenting the results of their work to the public.
Material: sheets A4 paper, colored pencils.
Instruction: Participants receive a sheet of A4 paper. They are asked to take a pencil or felt-tip pen, close their eyes and paint this sheet in such a way that there is no free space left on it, the pencil has been in all corners (1-2 minutes). Then the participants are asked to open their eyes, look closely at the resulting scribbles, think of what they look like, and draw them in such a way that a meaningful image comes out (6-10 minutes). The final stage is the presentation by the authors of their work in front of the group (1 minute for each person).
Analysis:
What drawings are remembered, seemed the most interesting, what exactly?
What psychological qualities are required to successfully cope with such a task?
Where in life will these qualities come in handy?
Exercise "on the track" - "Circle of confidence"
Imagine an invisible circle with a diameter of 60 centimeters on the floor about half a meter away from you.
Come into this circle and remember the great time when you were on the "wave of success." In this situation, all your abilities were maximally manifested. Everything was fine, good luck accompanied you.
Develop a complete visual, auditory and kinesthetic picture of this state. Mark for yourself and remember how you see, hear and feel the world around you in a situation of success. As usual, your voice sounds confident, how stable and proud your posture is. Imagine yourself at your best.
Return from the circle to a neutral state. Remember the complex in the Circle of Confidence. This complex will be the key to confidence and calmness when you need them.
When a special situation arises that requires confidence, enter your thoughts into this circle. Like stepping into a picture of yourself.
IY . Closing remarks by the moderator. Summarizing. Wishes to all present. Discussion. Issuing recommendations.
Look at your audience from a different perspective:
imagine that these are not demanding listeners who will now evaluate your report, but your classmates, who will also have to speak soon, that they are as nervous as you are and you have no reason to be afraid of them.
imagine that these are your old friends whom you have not seen for ten years. At the same time, look at the listeners with such an expression on your face, as if trying to remember where you might have seen them before. Listeners will take this as a friendly and slightly personal expression.
talk to the same person all the time.
Choose one person from the entire audience and dedicate your speech to him.
When someone else asks you a question, switch to it, but imagine that the two of you are casually talking at recess.
and of course it is very important to be prepared for the presentation (know the material, use visuals).
List of literature used in compiling the summary:
Alieva M.A. and others. I build my own life. SPb., 2000
Alberti R., Emmons M. Self-assertive behavior. SPb., 1998
Gretsov A. G. Communication training for teenagers. SPb., 2005
Gretsov A. G. Training of confident behavior. SPb., 2008
Smith M. Self-confidence training. SPb., 1997
Fopel K. How to teach children to cooperate? Psychological games and exercises. M., 2000
