The oldest military-historical museum of the Black Sea Fleet dates back to the Museum of the Sevastopol Defense of 1854-1855, which was founded on September 14, 1869 at the initiative of the participants in the 349-day defense of Sevastopol in the Eastern (Crimean) War of 1853-1856. under the patronage of Emperor Alexander II.
For 25 years, the exposition of the museum was housed in five rooms of a house that belonged to General E.I. Totleben.
In the first two rooms, 20 large maps and diagrams were placed, according to which it was possible to trace the entire Sevastopol campaign - from the landing in Evpatoria to the withdrawal of Russian troops to the North Side on August 27, 1855. In the next three rooms, lithographed portraits of defense participants, ship models, personal belongings of defense leaders, weapons and uniforms were presented.
In 1895, by decision of the Naval Department, a special building was built for the museum, which today is one of the most beautiful buildings in Sevastopol.
The author of the project was a well-known Petersburg architect, a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts A.M. Kochetov. The museum received a new name "Museum of the Sevastopol Defense". Inspection of the museum exposition began from the central hall (now it is hall No. 6), which greeted visitors with lines from a letter from Nicholas I to Menshikov dated September 27, 1854: “May the Lord save you all, and my soul and all thoughts are with you.”
Over the 140 years of its existence, the museum has become a true treasury of military relics, reflecting all stages of the development of the Black Sea Fleet from its foundation in 1783 to the present day.
Exposure:
Hall number 1
The exposition is dedicated to the foundation of the Black Sea Fleet in 1783, the victories of the Black Sea sailors in the Russian-Turkish wars of 1787-1829, Crimean War 1853-1856 The hall presents the Military and Naval Charters, published in the 17th century, portraits of F.F. Ushakov, M.P. Lazarev, models of the brig "Mercury", the steamer-frigate "Vladimir", sailing ships who took part in Sinop battle(November 18, 1853), the saber of the Turkish squadron commander Osman Pasha, handed over to P.S. Nakhimov.
Hall number 2
The exposition of the hall tells about the 349-day defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855. The hall presents the personal belongings of Admirals P.S. Nakhimov, V.A. Kornilov, V.I. Istomin, original paintings by F.A. Rubo, I.K. lithographs, collections of bladed and firearms.
Hall number 3
The exposition of the hall is dedicated to the participation of the sailors of the Black Sea Fleet in Russian-Turkish war 1877-1878 During this war, at the suggestion of Lieutenant Commander S.O. Makarov, the ships of the merchant fleet were converted into floating bases for mine boats. The hall displays models of a mine boat and a pole mine of the 1878 model. In addition, the hall presents exhibits that tell about the participation of the Black Sea Fleet in the revolutionary movement of the early 20th century in Russia.
Hall number 4
The exposition of the hall tells about the participation of the Black Sea Fleet in the revolution of 1905-1907, the First World War and the revolutionary events of 1917. The hall displays models of the Potemkin battleship, the Ochakov cruiser, the Andreevsky naval flag and the ship's bell from the Empress Maria battleship, samples of small arms and edged weapons, personal belongings and documents of Captain 1st Rank A.V. team that took Active participation in the fighting on the Black Sea during the First World War. Among the exhibits are a part of the foremast from the battleship "Prince Potemkin Tauride", personal belongings of Lieutenant P.P. Schmidt, the gold award weapon of Captain 2nd Rank R.K. Valrond.
Hall number 5
The exposition of the hall is dedicated to the participation of the Black Sea sailors in the struggle for the establishment Soviet power in the south of the country civil war, reflection of foreign intervention in 1918-1922. The hall exhibits a model of the cruiser "Aurora", the texts of the first decrees of the Soviet government on peace and land, a map-scheme of the sinking of the ships of the Black Sea Fleet, a model of the destroyer "Kerch", details from the salvaged ships. The hall presents materials about the Russian maritime abroad. The exposition of the hall reflects materials telling about the restoration and construction of the fleet in the period from 1922 to 1941.
Hall number 6
The exposition of the hall tells about the actions of the Black Sea Fleet in 1941-1942. The hall displays models of surface ships, submarines, aircraft, as well as photographs, personal belongings, documents of leaders and participants in the second heroic defense of Sevastopol in 1941-1942, which lasted 250 days.
Hall number 7
The exposition of the hall tells about the military operations of the sailors of the Black Sea Fleet in the period from 1942 to 1945, about the liberation of Novorossiysk, Odessa, about the Crimean offensive operation in 1944. Models of ships, banners, flags of ships and formations that took part in the liberation of Sevastopol are exhibited in the hall. The showcases display military awards, documents, photographs of Black Sea sailors who distinguished themselves in the battles for the liberation of the Danube countries.
Hall number 8
The exposition of the hall is devoted to the restoration, development and creation of an ocean-going nuclear missile fleet in the post-war period. The hall displays models of surface ships of various classes, a diorama by People's Artist of the USSR P.T.Maltsev "Teachings on the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet". The exhibits presented in the hall tell about the combat training of the Black Sea Fleet in long hikes, maneuvers and exercises, about the daily work on the combat training of sailors.
The museum is open from 10:00 to 17:00.
Days off - Monday, Tuesday.
The last Friday of the month is a sanitary day.
Boss museum - captain 3rd rank Solinsky Sergey Petrovich.
Fort Fairmont is a must-see for those interested in fortification and the Maginot Line in particular. And the point here is not only in the chic in a huge underground complex with rides on a narrow-gauge train. Such an excursion is not unique, but a visit to the one-of-a-kind fortification museum, located opposite the entrance to the fort, is attached to it as a bonus.
The museum impressed me very much, as its exhibits are unique and give a deeper vision of many elements and knots used in French defensive line. Where else will you see fully equipped casemates, armored turrets with a sawn-off roof exposing the mechanics, or, say, a sectional view of a GFM armored dome?
Under the cut, an overview of this excellent museum in six dozen photos.
01. I will begin the review with the various casemates of the Maginot Line, accurately displayed in the museum exposition using the original inventory. The expositions are made on a solid five and with a solid budget, judge for yourself. The picture shows the Fort Fairmont command center, moved here from the fort for the convenience of visitors.
02. In several rooms, the work of the command center of objects of the gros ouvrage class is fully displayed. It is noteworthy that all the equipment here is original.
03. Another impressive exposition demonstrating the most common type of combat casemate at Maginot Line facilities, which is present on almost all casemated warheads at Maginot Line facilities, from conventional pillboxes to warheads of large underground forts. You have seen these casemates in almost every of my posts on the objects of the Maginot Line, but in such a completed form I saw such a casemate here for the first time. This casemate is typical and is armed with two twin machine gun mounts and an anti-tank 37-mm cannon suspended on a rail. In case of detection of enemy tanks on the way to the object, the coaxial machine gun was moved away along with the window of the embrasure to the side and its place was taken by the anti-tank gun, which you see in the background of the casemate.
04. This is followed by several artillery casemates of the large forts of the Maginot Line. I was amazed at how accurate and historically authentic the expositions were. Every detail has been taken care of here. The picture shows a casemate with a 75-mm gun model 1929, created specifically for objects of the Maginot line. The gun had a rate of fire of 30 rounds per minute and a range of 12,000 meters.
05. In addition to the gun itself, the exposition contains a lot of curious details, which I have repeatedly shown in my photo stories dedicated to the forts of the French defensive line.
06. Another casemate with a 75-mm cannon of a different type. This Model 1931 gun was used on the objects of the Maginot Line in the Alps. Due to the peculiarity of conducting military operations in the mountains, the gun had a short barrel only 1.37 meters long, a firing range of 6000 meters and an original carriage design.
07. Casemate equipped with a 135-mm mortar model 1932 with a firing range of 3000 to 6000 meters and a rate of fire of 8 rounds per minute.
08. Until now, I have met this casemate only in abandoned objects of the Maginot Line, both in and in the forts. In the picture you see an 81 mm mortar model 1932 designed specifically for the forts of the Maginot line. The calling of the gun is to attack the enemy on the outskirts of the fort, preventing him from getting closer. The mortar did not have vertical aiming and was located rigidly at an angle of 45 °. Changing the firing range was achieved by hanging additional powder charges on the tail of the mines. The firing range of mortars was up to 3500 meters, the rate of fire was up to 15 rounds per minute.
09. Casemate not typical for the Maginot line. At first I thought that it belonged to the First World War, judging by the ancient weapon.
10. The weapon of the casemate is a naval 47-mm cannon model 1902. Wikipedia reports that some Maginot line pillboxes and small anti-tank firing points were equipped with such cannons, since a series of such cannons with a supply of ammunition french navy delivered to the ground forces, where they were used as anti-tank.
11. This is how this gun looks from the outside of the pillbox.
12. French commandos are discussing a plan to attack German positions during the "Strange War" - reads the caption to this installation.
13. Concrete pillbox for a mobile gun. I did not take a picture of the explanatory inscription, so I do not know the details.
14. The firing points built from the towers of old tanks were widely used in the French fortification and were used on the Maginot Line. In the foreground is a turret from a Renault FT-17 tank.
15. I did not recognize the rest of the towers. All information in the museum is only in French, so information signs are not always helpful here.
16. Another firing point built from the turret of an old tank.
17. Inside is rather cramped.
18. Machine gun turret model 1935/1937 for 8 mm machine gun. In total, about 600 such turrets were built on the Maginot Line in the 1930s.
19. Tank firing points and other elements of barriers.
20. Small arms that were used on the objects of the Maginot Line.
21. This is generally a chic exhibit of the museum exposition - the most common armored cap of the Maginot line of the GFM type in the context with all the observational equipment inside!
22. I have repeatedly come across comments to my posts about the Maginot line, in which readers expressed doubts that the thickness of the armor of such caps reached 30 cm. In this picture you can see that the thickness of the armor has the indicated values. The weight of such a cap reached 26 tons - it was possible to make a T-34 tank or about forty modern cars from this iron.
23. Another armored cap in the section, this time of the JM type. For the first time I saw an armored pack of this type right there in, to which this museum belongs. The armored cap of this type is very similar to its counterpart GFM, but differs from the latter in the presence of only one loophole for a twin 7.5 mm machine gun mount.
24. The photograph clearly shows the mechanism for feeding disks with cartridges, which were transported to the armored dome from the lower level using a special lifting mechanism. Under the machine gun mount there is also a pipe for dropping spent cartridges.
25. The twin machine gun mount had a rate of fire of 500 rounds per minute. This is the same model that was installed in a typical casemate, which is shown in the third picture of this post. Pay attention to the lighting system inside the dome - the electric lamp was duplicated by a gas lamp.
26. In addition to French weapons products, fortification guns from other countries are presented - in the photo a bunch consisting of a Czech Skoda anti-tank gun of 47 mm caliber and a Czech Vz 37 machine gun of 7.92 mm caliber. This bundle was installed in the pillboxes of the Czechoslovak defensive line and after the capture of Czechoslovakia by the Third Reich was actively used by the Germans.
27. And this is a combination of a 25-mm anti-tank gun and a Reibel machine gun, installed in armored caps of the Maginot line of the AM type.
28. The same gun, but in a casemate version.
29. One of the most striking objects of this museum are five armored towers, dismantled from various forts of the Maginot Line and installed in the museum hangar, which is called in full growth.
30. I paid special attention to the largest armored turret among those that were installed on the objects of the Maginot Line.
31. The turret contains two 75 mm model 1933 cannons. The turret has a diameter of 4 meters and a total weight of 265 tons.
32. The thickness of the armor of the cap is 350 mm, the walls are 300 mm. This tower was also the most expensive of all installed on the defensive line. Its cost in October 1934 was 4,033,170 francs.
33. We found a tower of this type with excellent preservation in one of the abandoned forts of the Maginot Line, about which I spoke in great detail in a separate article.
34. The maximum range of 75 mm guns reached 11,900 meters with a maximum rate of fire of 13 rounds per minute. The full team needed to service the guns and turret was 25 (6 non-commissioned officers and 19 soldiers). In standby mode, the tower could be served by 2 non-commissioned officers and 10 soldiers, who could also fire, but in this case the rate of fire was lower. The tower itself housed one non-commissioned officer and three soldiers (gunner and two loaders), the rest of the team served the tower at the lower levels and ensured a continuous supply of ammunition.
35. A more detailed view of the guns for those interested in the topic.
36. This is the only place where you can see the insides of the largest of the armored towers of the Maginot line, unless of course you climb into the abandoned one. This tower, by the way, was dismantled from the sixth block of the same object.
37. Two more armored towers of the Maginot line are installed nearby, but they are less expressive, so I did not pay my attention to them.
38. A little to the side there are a couple of towers on display at full height. One can visually appreciate the scale and complexity of such systems. Both towers were dismantled from the abandoned Ouvrage de Molvange.
39. On the left is a turret with a twin 7.5 mm machine gun mount model 1935, on the right with a couple of 75 mm guns model 1932 R. I showed both types of turrets in my previous posts along the Maginot Line.
40. The mechanism of the artillery tower close-up.
41. Agree, the museum is gorgeous! It can be seen that he has good funding, such an exposition cannot be created at the expense of volunteers.
42. There are several information stands in the museum with photographs showing the process of dismantling armored turrets from abandoned sites...
43. ... transporting them to the museum territory ...
44. ... and installation in the museum hangar.
45. Another highlight of the museum's exposition is an extensive installation on the theme of the Second World War.
46. A bunch of original equipment and other props, organically placed on the site of the museum territory, will definitely please fans of military history.
47. I have never heard of the vehicles on display before.
48. This is a French technique of the Second World War, little known outside the country.
49. Field life of the French army.
50. Cavalry.
51. My attention was drawn to the information board with the locomotives used in the fortifications in France, as one of them seemed familiar to me, the one in the top picture. Pechot-Bourdon locomotives were supplied by the Americans to Europe during the First World War and were intended to serve fortress and field artillery. Only two steam locomotives of this model have survived in the world, one of which is located in where I saw it.
Such an excellent museum is located opposite Fort Fairmont. As you can see, this is a weighty argument in favor of visiting this fort on occasion.
At the end of the post a small bonus:
52. On the way from Fort Fairmont, we met one small object of the Maginot Line of the original design along the way.
53. Ouvrage Bois du Four is a small construction of the Maginot Line, which is an infantry two-tier monoblock, reminiscent of German panzerworks. The object is a museum, but unfortunately it was closed at that time.
54. The picture shows the embrasure of a typical casemate with two twin mounts and a 47-mm anti-tank gun, the interior of which is shown in the third picture of this post. In total, the object has three casemates of this type - one for each of the three sides.
55. The structure was built in 1931 with the aim of closing the space between neighboring forts in this sector of the Maginot Line. According to the original plans, the object was to become a large artillery fort, consisting of five combat blocks and two entrances, connected by a large underground level. But then the program was cut and construction was stopped. By that time, they managed to build only one warhead and part of the pit at a depth of 30 meters. Thus, the object remained a two-story monoblock with a small underground level at a depth of 30 meters, which had already been passed by that time. The current plan of all three levels of the structure can be viewed on its official website.
56. On the roof, there are traditionally a number of armored domes and one rotary armored turret with a machine gun turret inside.
57. In May 1940, the building, with a garrison of 137 people, successfully repelled German attempts to break through the defense line, interacting with the neighboring artillery forts of Latiremont and Bréhain. Up to the surrender order on June 27, 1940, the object was defending the territory for which it was responsible.
58. When it became clear that the structure would remain a monoblock, it was heavily armed. Three machine-gun armored caps of the GFM type (pictured) and one observation type VDP equipped with panoramic periscopes were installed on the roof.
59. A little lower is a machine gun turret model 1935, mounted in a rotating and retractable turret.
60. On the upper level, three casemates were built, such as in photo 54, one in each of the three sides and several machine guns for close defense. The armament of the fort was also reinforced with artillery - on the lower level there was a casemate with two 81-mm mortars, such as those shown in photo 08. Thus, despite the compact size of the object, it was armed to the teeth. In the picture in the foreground there is an armored searchlight to illuminate the area at night.
Such an interesting object we met by chance along the way. It is a pity that it turned out to be closed, since the building is unique. I hope that in the future I will be back in these parts and catch up.
Ten kilometers from Sevastopol, in Balaklava, in 2003, for the first time in forty-six years, a top-secret submarine repair plant was presented to the public. This strategic facility, the only one in the world in terms of its scale, began to be built in 1957.
Underground submarine base in Balaklava, better known as Object 825 GTS - a top-secret military facility of the times cold war in Balaklava bay. GTS or City Telephone Station - the name of the object for the purpose of secrecy. It is currently the largest of all declassified military installations.
Object 825 GTS is a construction of anti-nuclear protection of the first category, capable of protecting against a direct hit atomic bomb with a capacity of 100 kilotons, which includes a combined underground water channel with a dry dock, workshops for repairs, fuel depots, a mine and torpedo part. It is located in Mount Tavros, on both sides of which there are two exits. From the side of the bay - the entrance to the channel (adit). If necessary, it was covered with a batoport, the weight of which reached 150 tons. For access to the open sea, an exit was equipped on the northern side of the mountain, which was also blocked by a batoport. Both holes in the rock were skillfully covered with camouflage devices and nets.
In the event of a threat of a direct nuclear strike, the plant was able to close hermetically with automatic doors, and exist autonomously for 3 years. This enterprise had its own bakery, warehouses for storing food and fuels and lubricants, and a hospital. The combined water underground channel could accommodate up to 9 submarines and, if necessary, repair them. Its depth reaches 8 meters, width - from 8 to 12 meters, and the height of the canal arch - 18 meters. The total area of all premises and passages of the plant is 5100 sq. m, the water surface underground - 3 thousand square meters. m. The length of the channel is 380 meters, the length of the dock is 110 meters.
Object 825 GTS was intended for shelter, repair and maintenance of submarines of the 613th and 633rd projects, as well as for the storage of ammunition intended for these submarines. The channel (length 602 meters) of the object could accommodate 7-9 submarines. The loading of equipment in peacetime was carried out at the pier, taking into account the movement of spy satellites of a potential enemy. At nuclear threat loading was to be carried out inside the base through a special adit. The complex also included a repair and technical base (object 820), designed for storage and maintenance nuclear weapons. The temperature inside the base is about 15 degrees. In some rooms, dehumidifiers are still working, removing excess moisture from the premises.
After the atomic bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, the Soviet government, having assessed the scale of destruction and the consequences nuclear explosions adopted a comprehensive plan for the protection against nuclear weapons of the main industrial and defense facilities of the country.
A government decision was made to build a facility in Balaklava that could protect equipment and people in the event of a nuclear explosion. The project of the Balaklava protective underground structure was prepared by the Leningrad Design Institute and in 1953 submitted to the government for signature. Joseph Stalin personally reviewed and endorsed with his own hand the project for the construction of a unique underground submarine repair plant in Balaklava Bay. IN post-war years a naval base was organized in Balaklava. The 14th submarine division of the USSR Black Sea Fleet was based here.
How to get there:
Crimea, Sevastopol, Tavricheskaya embankment, 22
Guides nearby
Community
Places you want to return to
Historical boulevard of Sevastopol
FlowerFairy, Feb 17, 2017
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Cold War. Armament year after year bred and bred, and the probability of its use periodically became different from zero. Thoughts of the nuclear threat kept potential friends on both sides of the ocean awake. The retaliatory strike strategy was developed continuously. The question is who, how and with what will strike back when radioactive ash is everywhere ... Assuming that all stationary launchers have been destroyed, the choice remains only with mobile ones - at that time it was only aviation and fleet (road and rail options appeared a lot Later). Obviously, the forces of retaliation must be securely sheltered until the hour "H" in a quiet and secluded place. One of the solutions to this problem was precisely the top-secret facility in Balaklava - a huge complex located in the bowels of Mount Tavoros. The complex was a submarine repair and maintenance plant with a sea channel, a nuclear arsenal and could be used as a bomb shelter, where several submarines and up to three thousand personnel and service personnel. The object was designed to protect against nuclear explosions with a capacity of up to one hundred kilotons and had a life support autonomy of thirty days. Now the object is not used by the military for its intended purpose, and a military-historical museum of fortifications has been opened on its territory. In part, this name is correct, however, the theme of the museum's exposition goes far beyond fortification.
1. At the entrance, museum visitors are greeted with a poster. 
The museum offers a walking land tour (200 rubles) along the corridors and premises of the facility and a water tour (270 rubles) on a boat along the canal. The museum is open from 10:00 to 17:00, Monday and Tuesday are sanitary days.
Although the guides say that both tours are the same in terms of the amount of information, however, in my opinion, this is far from being the case. In a walking tour, there is much more interesting in the premises, which are absolutely not visible from the water, and the water tour allows you to better appreciate the scale of the structure.
2. Not far from the museum, you can find another, more official plate. However, apart from the intercom with the voice of the guard, there is no one to be seen there, although, perhaps, the directorate of the museum is somewhere there. 
3. At the entrance to the museum, a diagram of a once top-secret military facility is depicted. More precisely, two objects in one complex.
On the right side of the scheme "Object 825 GTS". The abbreviation in the name means "hydraulic facility" for specialists, and for everyone else - "city telephone exchange". By appointment - this is a plant for the repair and maintenance of submarines of the 613th and 633rd projects, as well as an ammunition depot for these submarines. In addition to workshops, the plant had a dry dock and a sea channel with a working length of about five hundred meters. The total length of the sea channel is about six hundred meters. In addition, the facility includes a power plant and a fuel storage facility for nine and a half thousand tons of fuel.
In the lower left part of the diagram "Object 820 RTB" - a nuclear arsenal, where six types of nuclear warheads were stored and serviced.
The drawbridge with its small height blocks the entrance from the Balaklava Bay to the sea channel. To enter the boat, the bridge was raised on pontoons and set aside. For the sake of secrecy, this was done only at night. 
4. The first series of pictures is small - a water excursion.
Immediately after landing on the boat, we see the northern batoport - to the right of the tunnel there is a thick shutter that closes the entrance. Its dimensions: height - 14, width - 6 and length - 18 meters, and weight is 150 tons. Now it is in the open position, almost completely recessed into the side niche. 
5. Exit from the mine-torpedo part to the channel. When nuclear war it was here that torpedoes and missiles were supposed to be loaded into the boat. 
7. Suddenly, two mannequins dressed in OZK appeared. How much they could help when there is radioactive ash around is a moot point. Probably just a little and not for long... 
8. View from the channel to the dock area. The bars are clearly visible, preventing the hard contact of the boat hull with concrete structures. 
9. On the dock area there is a sabotage double midget submarine "Triton-1M". 
11. View to the north. 
12. After about ten minutes or a little less, the boat approaches the southern end of the sea channel and makes a U-turn. From here you can see the exit from the bay to the open sea. 
13. View of the southern exit from the sea channel from the outside, from under the road bridge. The batoport has been dismantled. It was probably not as huge as at the northern end of the canal. 
14. This is what the south exit looks like from opposite side bays. During the operation of the object, both exits were masked with nets that accurately mimic the appearance of the surrounding area. For greater certainty, even models of residential buildings were built. 
15. We go back a little faster. Ahead is visible "light at the end of the tunnel" - the entrance to the sea channel. Pay attention to the broadening of the channel at its very beginning. 
16. In the wide part of the channel there is a small batoport that closed the entrance to the dry dock, where the boat hull was being repaired. It usually took up to three weeks to repair the boat in the dock. 
17. We leave the canal back to the entrance to the museum to the northern batoport. The duration of the boat trip was about 15 minutes. 
18. Part two - on foot. Some of the photos will show the same objects as in the water excursion along the sea channel, but from different angles. In the photo "entrance portal" (see the plan at the beginning of the post). 
19. The underground rooms are cool and a bit damp. Therefore, the guides are dressed warmly due to the specifics of the work. The pace of the walking tour is quite high. It is rather problematic to stop and capture the halls in detail, and the group is large - about 30 people. In the photo on the left is a trolley. Perhaps it was used for the removal of rocks during construction, but it is unlikely that during the operation of the complex. 
20. On the map, underground objects and structures are marked in red. Yellow - karst cavities. How much can you hide here! 
21. Some corridors of the structure are closed to visitors. I think there are a lot of them here. 
22. A little about the construction of the facility. In 1956, a special construction department No. 528 was created, which was engaged in the construction of this facility "Object 825 GTS". It is easy to see that the same numbers are used in the number of the object and the number of the construction department. Accident? The complex was built from 1954 to 1962. First, the object was built by military builders. However, the rocks are a very hard marble-like stone, which caused enormous difficulties in driving, apparently due to a lack of experience in such work. Therefore, civilians were involved in the construction. Four shifts of six hours worked in the face - the work was carried out around the clock. For penetration, directional explosions were used. This did not greatly disturb the local residents, who were already accustomed to such work in a nearby quarry. To ensure secrecy, the export of rock was carried out at night on barges to the open sea. 
23. The museum has halls with a huge number of exhibits. Unfortunately, the pace of the tour does not allow you to carefully consider even a tenth. A railroad track runs through the center. Apparently, the trolleys were the main vehicle. The halls external to the white light are closed with thick gates, which prevent the penetration of the blast wave into the premises. The gates have leaves approximately quarter-cylindrical. It is not entirely clear how the railway track diverged from the gate, the leaves of which are slightly lower than the floor level. Perhaps there was some kind of removable section of the path. 
24. Technical description and characteristics of the gate. 
25. Another room. Here are photographs of the Balaklava Bay and some weapons - bombs, mines and torpedoes. 
26.
27. Small anti-ship mine in section 
29. Sometimes you come across such pompous manhole covers. It seems that if, after declassifying and leaving the object by the military, everything that could be taken away from here was not taken away, then we would hardly have seen these museum-iron-casting creations. 
30. One of the purposes of the object is a nuclear bomb shelter. According to the plan, it must withstand a bomb explosion with a yield of up to one hundred kilotons. The workshops of the plant provided space for three thousand people, and the sea channel had to fit seven medium or nine small submarines. In some places they write that the number of submarines could reach fourteen. It is difficult to say whether it is possible to cram such an amount into the channel. In the event of a nuclear war, when only radioactive ash remained everywhere in the district, these same surviving submarines were supposed to take on board the available missiles with nuclear warheads and strike back with them. 
31. After a long and empty corridor, we exit to the dock area, directly to the canal. Door between the corridor and the dock area. Not the thickest. We can say, interroom. 
32. Already familiar midget submarine "Triton-1M" 
33. The boat "Triton-1M" is not airtight. When submerged, it is filled with water. Through the slit of the cockpit canopy, we managed to film the control panel of the submarine. 
34. Such soda machines were probably available at all factories in the Soviet Union. 
35. Here, on the dock site, there is another diagram of the complex with some of its technical data. 
36. On the bridge, built already in museum times, we cross the canal and head towards the nuclear arsenal. Again about the door. Technical description, characteristics and map of routine maintenance. 
37. Door opening drive gearbox. Handle and lever on the right side, probably for manual opening, in case of electrical failure. 
38. Elements of the door structure. 
39.
41. Another room. Alas, there is very little time for inspection ... The next group is almost stepping on their heels. Very great interest. Maybe in winter there is no such rush? 
42. Machine telegraph of a surface 2-screw ship. 
43.
44. Electrical wiring in the tunnel - a symbiosis of old and new. 
45. Red corridor. In real life, of course, the lighting was the most common, and the museum staff lit it up in red. The fact is that the corridor leads to a local zone - a place where they worked directly with nuclear weapons. In order to dampen the echo, the walls and ceiling of this corridor are sheathed with ordinary corrugated slate. 
46. Model of a nuclear weapon on a trolley. The trolley is on a turntable - the rails run along the corridor, and the transverse tracks lead to the storage. Ceilings over a large area are sheathed with wavy slate. It was not possible to achieve a complete absence of echo, however, voice intelligibility is much better than in other rooms with smooth walls. 
47. This inscription was found in the nuclear arsenal at least twice. Relevant at all times. And during the operation of the complex it was nowhere more relevant. Even some of the employees who worked there did not know about this object. According to the guide, one of the visitors found out only in the museum where she worked many years ago. 
48. "Room No. 17. Storage of nuclear munitions for torpedoes." - dryly broadcasts a sign next to the gate. In total, six types of warheads were stored in the nuclear arsenal. 
49. Someone listens with interest and asks questions, while someone does not understand at all what is at stake. 
50. The body of the Kh-22 cruise missile 
51.
52.
53. Inside the cabinet-safe for storing sources of ionizing radiation. The room is small. A niche in the wall is covered by a sliding screen on wheels. 
54.
55. In the next room, some elements and systems of submarines are presented. Pictured is the top of the battery. I find it difficult to say something about the type and performance characteristics, but I didn’t take a picture of the plate. 
56. Entrance hatch of a submarine with a shaft, where visitors are not forbidden to climb in order to test their flexibility. ;-) 
57. Various control devices. attracted attention young man device - something like a torpedo course control apparatus. I could be wrong, of course. 
58. Full-length battery cells. For comparison, on the right is an ordinary door. 
59. Remote control station "Sadko" from the submarine project 690 "Kefal". The station is used for servicing hydraulic systems, high pressure air, diving and ascent. 
60. Workers with an electric hoist.
On the floor is the body of the SAET-50 torpedo.
To the left of the wall is a tool box. Under any tool on the panel there is a deepening, painted in red. Thus, a cursory glance is enough to make sure that the entire tool "returned to the base" and some kind of screwdriver did not remain lying in the bowels of the serviced devices. 
61.
62. Layout of the working space of the submarine 
63. The exposition of the museum presents elements of the equipment of combat swimmers and dolphins serving in the fleet. 
64. Another layout of a detachable ballistic missile warhead. 
65.
66. A reminder is never superfluous. The situation is like this. Close to the right, two doors are visible, behind which there was a telephone exchange and a radio room. 
67. Main ventilation unit. One of them, presumably. 
68.
69. A small side corridor for staff. It is a gateway, consisting of such doors. Goes around the gate of the main corridor with a quarter-cylindrical gate. 
70. It is difficult to say what it is. It looks like ventilation. 
71. We exit the side corridor into the main one. There are only a few steps left to go outside. Looking back, through the open gates, the gaze glides along the rails, clings to the platforms with mock warheads, to the green and red. Just a few tens of meters... 
72. Exit to the courtyard. The exposition continues here. However, some things are just thrown together. 
73.
74. Deck attack aircraft Yak-38 
75. Marine gas turbine engines
On the right is the DO-63 engine - the propulsion turbine of the M7K unit, used on Project 1135 ships. 
76. Some kind of ammunition is piled up. 
77.
78. Near the fence are containers from under parts of 3M9 missiles. 
79. The exit to the street is "decorated" with rockets. 
The duration of the walking tour was approximately 1 hour 15 minutes. The air temperature in the rooms is not the same, in the coolest part - about 15 degrees. However, there are no drafts, and therefore the cold is almost not felt.
It seems to be the largest military facility ever declassified. Previously, I did not quite understand why, after more than 30 years of operation in 1994, it was no longer used for its intended purpose. However, everything is simple. Time passed, the old submarines went to scrap, and the new ones turned out to be larger. The submarine that was part of the Ukrainian submarine fleet simply did not fit into the canal. And Ukraine itself has not been awarded the status of a nuclear power - they do not need a nuclear arsenal. Okay, let it be a museum, as a reminder.
