During the years of the Great Patriotic War the personnel of the VNOS showed courage, courage, high combat skills.
IN post-war years the need and importance of information about the air enemy, the beginning of his possible attack, control and prevention of reconnaissance activities in the airspace of the country has constantly increased. In this regard, on December 15, 1951, a decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On the creation of a service for the early detection of enemy aircraft" was issued. From this day on, they begin their countdown official history radio engineering troops (RTV).
RTV specialists demonstrated excellent professional skills to the whole world on May 1, 1960 during the detection, capture for wiring and destruction of the American Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft.
Radio engineering troops Air force have a rich history of ensuring the landing of domestic spacecraft, including the landing of the first cosmonaut of the earth - Yuri Gagarin, the Soviet spaceship reusable "Buran".
RTV soldiers performed international duty in China and North Korea, Vietnam and Egypt, Syria and Angola, Cuba and Afghanistan, and a number of other countries.
Today, the radio engineering troops are a branch of the Aerospace Forces (VKS). They conduct radar reconnaissance and provide radar information to combat crews of higher command posts and command posts of formations, military units and aviation units, anti-aircraft missile troops and electronic warfare.
RTV VKS consist of radio engineering regiments, which are organizationally part of the air and missile defense forces of the VKS, air defense formations of military districts.
In peacetime, all deployed units and command posts formations and units of the radio engineering troops are on combat duty for air defense, perform tasks for the protection state border in the airspace.
When equipping troops with new electronic equipment, the main attention is paid to increasing the maneuverability of subunits and their ability to issue combat operational information in a new positional area in the shortest possible time.
By 2020, it is planned to carry out a general re-equipment of the radio engineering troops with modern and advanced mobile samples with a detection range of up to 1.2 thousand km and at altitudes of up to 600 km. At the same time, the number of types of radar equipment in service with the radio engineering troops will be reduced several times. The total equipment of radio engineering troops complexes with new models will be more than 70 percent.
"On the creation of a service for the early detection of air enemy aircraft"). This day is considered the birthday of the Radio Engineering Troops of the Aerospace Defense Forces.
The Radio Engineering Troops issue in advance information about the beginning of an enemy air attack, combat information for anti-aircraft missile troops and aviation counter air defense, as well as information for managing formations, units and subunits of air defense.
Armament
These troops are armed with radars capable of detecting air and surface targets of a potential aggressor at any time, regardless of external factors. Years of adoption of samples for service:
- 1949 - P-8 and ACS "ASH"
- 1956 - P-18 - still found in service
According to the head of the RTV, Major General V. Gumenny, the share of advanced weapons in the RTV VKS by 2016 will exceed 30%. Modern radars will go into service:
and there will also be a further transition to the KSA "Foundation".
List of military equipment RTV VKS RF
| Type | Image | Production | Purpose | Quantity | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 55Zh6M "Sky-M" | Russia, Russia | n/a | |||
| 55ZH6U "Sky-U" | Russia, Russia | Radar station for tracking targets at medium and long range altitudes | n/a | ||
| Casta-2E2 | Russia, Russia | Radar station for detecting aircraft and cruise missiles at low altitudes | n/a | ||
| 69Ж6 "Sopka" | Russia, Russia | Radar station for monitoring low-altitude targets | n/a | ||
| 5N84A "Defense" | Russia, Russia | Long range target detection radar | n/a | ||
| Resonance-N | Russia, Russia | Early Warning Radar | n/a | ||
| Gamma-C1 | Russia, Russia | centimeter range radar | n/a | ||
| Opponent-G1 |  |
Russia, Russia | UHF radar station | n/a | |
| 48Ya6-K1 "Approach-K1" | Russia, Russia | Low altitude radar | n/a | ||
| 22Ж6 "Desna" | Russia, Russia | n/a | |||
| 96L6E "VVO" | Russia, Russia | Radar station of all-altitude detection | n/a | ||
| Foundation | Russia, Russia | A complex of means for automating the processes of collecting and processing radar information from the radar | n/a | ||
| 1L117M "Radioluch" | Russia, Russia | Radar station for detecting targets at medium and high altitudes | n/a | ||
| 29B6 "Container" | Russia, Russia | Radar station for over-the-horizon detection | n/a |
Commanders
For the first time, the position of "head of the radio engineering troops" on the scale of the country's air defense was introduced on June 30, 1954: Lieutenant General Strelbitsky I.S. (1954-1956) was appointed head of the radio engineering troops of the VNOS. In subsequent years, in different time the troops were commanded by military leaders, whose job titles were different:
- head of the RTV air defense - Lieutenant General Moskovchenko Nikolai Nikolaevich (1956-1961)
- Head of RTV Air Defense - Lieutenant General Druzhinin Valentin Vasilyevich (1961-1966)
- head of RTV air defense - Major General Gichko Georgy Aleksandrovich (1966-1969)
- head of the RTV air defense - Lieutenant General Beregovoy Mikhail Timofeevich (1969-1983)
- Head of RTV Air Defense - Lieutenant General Sechkin Nikolai Vladimirovich (1983-1987)
- Head of RTV Air Defense - Lieutenant General Dubrov, Grigory Karpovich (1987-1992)
- Commander of the RTV Air Defense - Colonel General Migunov Vasily Fedorovich (1992-1998)
- head of the department of the FSRIKVP - Major General Shramchenko Alexander Vasilyevich (1998-1999)
- head of RTV Air Force - Lieutenant General Shramchenko Alexander Vasilyevich (1999-2006)
- Head of RTV Air Force - Lieutenant General Boyarintsev A. V. (2006-2010)
- head of RTV Air Force - Major General Gumenny, Viktor Vasilyevich (2010-2011)
- head of RTV Air Force - major general. Smolkin Mikhail Alexandrovich (2011-2013)
- Head of RTV Air Force - Major General Koban A. Ya. (2013-2015)
- head of the RTV VKS - Major General Smolkin Mikhail Aleksandrovich (since 2015)
RTV schools
- - relocated to the LVVPU air defense base in 1992 and received the name St. Petersburg higher school air defense radio electronics (SPVURE PVO), later renamed the St. Petersburg FVU PVO (a branch of the Military University of Air Defense in St. Petersburg), then the St. Petersburg Higher Military School of Air Defense Radio Electronics (Branch of the VU PVO), disbanded in 2011.
- Krasnoyarsk Higher Command School of Air Defense Radio Electronics - disbanded in 1998.
- Kiev Higher Engineering Radio Engineering School of Air Defense - disbanded in 1992.
Officer courses
- Center for training specialists (crews) of the radio engineering troops of the Aerospace Forces (Vladimir)
see also
- Strategic bombing during World War II
Write a review on the article "Radiotechnical troops of the Russian Aerospace Forces"
Links
Notes
- RIA News .(Russian). Ria.ru (December 14, 2010). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- (Russian). Mil.ru (26.01.2013). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- Press Service of the Western Military District.(Russian). Mil.ru (01.10.2014). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- Press Service of the Eastern Military District.(Russian). Mil.ru (December 10, 2014). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- Department of Press Service and Information of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation. (Russian). Mil.ru (08.01.2014). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- Office of the press service and information of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.(Russian). Mil.ru (19.02.2015). Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- Office of the Press Service and Information of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.(Russian). Mil.ru (02.12.2013). Retrieved 26 October 2016.
An excerpt characterizing the Radio Engineering Troops of the Russian Aerospace Forces
The footman Peter said something to the coachman, the coachman answered in the affirmative. But it was not enough for Peter to see the coachman's sympathy: he turned on the goats to the master.- Your Excellency, how easy! he said, smiling respectfully.
- What!
“Easy, your highness.
"What he says?" thought Prince Andrew. “Yes, it’s true about spring,” he thought, looking around. And then everything is already green ... how soon! And birch, and bird cherry, and alder is already beginning ... And the oak is not noticeable. Yes, here it is, the oak.
There was an oak at the edge of the road. Probably ten times older than the birches that made up the forest, it was ten times thicker and twice as tall as each birch. It was a huge oak tree in two girths with broken branches, which can be seen for a long time, and with broken bark, overgrown with old sores. With his huge clumsy, asymmetrically spread, clumsy hands and fingers, he stood between the smiling birches, an old, angry and contemptuous freak. Only he alone did not want to submit to the charm of spring and did not want to see either spring or the sun.
"Spring, and love, and happiness!" - this oak seemed to be saying, - “and how you don’t get tired of the same stupid and senseless deceit. Everything is the same, and everything is a lie! There is no spring, no sun, no happiness. There, look, crushed dead firs are sitting, always the same, and there I spread my broken, peeled fingers, wherever they grew - from the back, from the sides; as you have grown, so I stand, and I do not believe your hopes and deceptions.
Prince Andrei looked back at this oak tree several times as he drove through the forest, as if he was expecting something from him. There were flowers and grass under the oak, but he still, frowning, motionless, ugly and stubbornly, stood in the middle of them.
“Yes, he is right, this oak is a thousand times right,” thought Prince Andrei, let others, young ones, again succumb to this deception, and we know life, our life is over! A whole new series of thoughts, hopeless, but sadly pleasant in connection with this oak, arose in the soul of Prince Andrei. During this journey, it was as if he thought over his whole life again, and came to the same calming and hopeless conclusion that he had no need to start anything, that he should live his life without doing evil, without worrying and desiring nothing.
On guardian affairs of the Ryazan estate, Prince Andrei had to see the district marshal. The leader was Count Ilya Andreevich Rostov, and Prince Andrei went to him in mid-May.
It was already a hot spring. The forest was already all dressed up, there was dust and it was so hot that when driving past the water, I wanted to swim.
Prince Andrei, gloomy and preoccupied with thoughts about what and what he needs to ask the leader about business, drove up along the alley of the garden to the Rostovs' Otradnensky house. To the right, from behind the trees, he heard a female, cheerful cry, and saw a crowd of girls running towards the intersection of his carriage. Closer in front of the others, a dark-haired, very thin, strangely thin, black-eyed girl in a yellow cotton dress, tied with a white handkerchief, from under which strands of combed hair were knocked out, ran up to the carriage. The girl was shouting something, but recognizing the stranger, without looking at him, she ran back with a laugh.
Prince Andrei suddenly felt pain from something. The day was so good, the sun was so bright, everything around was so cheerful; but this thin and pretty girl did not know and did not want to know about his existence and was contented and happy with some kind of her own, stupid, but cheerful and happy life. “Why is she so happy? what is she thinking! Not about the military charter, not about the arrangement of the Ryazan dues. What is she thinking? And why is she happy? Prince Andrei involuntarily asked himself with curiosity.
Count Ilya Andreevich in 1809 lived in Otradnoye just as before, that is, taking over almost the entire province, with hunts, theaters, dinners and musicians. He, like any new guest, was glad to Prince Andrei, and almost forcibly left him to spend the night.
During the boring day, during which Prince Andrei was occupied by the senior hosts and the most honorable of the guests, with whom the house of the old count was full on the occasion of the approaching name day, Bolkonsky looked several times at Natasha, who was laughing and having fun between the other young half of society, kept asking himself: “What is she thinking? Why is she so happy!
In the evening, left alone in a new place, he could not sleep for a long time. He read, then put out the candle and lit it again. It was hot in the room with the shutters closed from the inside. He was annoyed with this stupid old man (as he called Rostov), who had detained him, assuring him that the necessary papers in the city had not yet been delivered, he was annoyed with himself for having stayed.
Prince Andrei got up and went to the window to open it. As soon as he opened the shutters, the moonlight, as if he had been waiting for it at the window for a long time, burst into the room. He opened the window. The night was crisp and unmovingly bright. Right in front of the window was a row of trimmed trees, black on one side and silvery lit on the other. Under the trees there was some kind of juicy, wet, curly vegetation with silvery leaves and stems in some places. Farther behind the black trees there was some kind of roof shining with dew, to the right a large curly tree, with a bright white trunk and branches, and above it almost full moon in a bright, almost starless, spring sky. Prince Andrei leaned against the window and his eyes rested on this sky.
Prince Andrei's room was on the middle floor; they also lived in the rooms above it and did not sleep. He heard a woman speak from above.
“Just one more time,” said a female voice from above, which Prince Andrei now recognized.
- When are you going to sleep? answered another voice.
“I won’t, I can’t sleep, what should I do!” Well, the last time...
Two female voices sang some kind of musical phrase, which was the end of something.
- Oh, what a delight! Well, now sleep, and the end.
“Sleep, but I can’t,” answered the first voice, approaching the window. She apparently leaned completely out of the window, because the rustling of her dress and even breathing could be heard. Everything was quiet and petrified, like the moon and its light and shadows. Prince Andrei was also afraid to move, so as not to betray his involuntary presence.
– Sonya! Sonya! – the first voice was heard again. - Well, how can you sleep! Yes, look what a beauty! Ah, what a delight! Wake up, Sonya, - she said almost with tears in her voice. “There has never been such a lovely night, never.
Sonya reluctantly answered something.
- No, look at that moon! ... Oh, what a charm! You come here. Darling, dove, come here. Well, see? So I would squat down, like this, I would grab myself under my knees - tighter, as tight as possible - you have to strain. Like this!
- All right, you're going to fall.
There was a struggle and Sonya's dissatisfied voice: "After all, the second hour."
Oh, you're just ruining everything for me. Well, go, go.
Everything fell silent again, but Prince Andrei knew that she was still sitting there, he sometimes heard a quiet stir, sometimes sighs.
- Oh my god! My God! what is it! she suddenly cried out. - Sleep like sleep! and slammed the window.
“And it doesn’t matter to my existence!” thought Prince Andrei while he listened to her conversation, for some reason waiting and fearing that she would say something about him. “And she again! And how on purpose! he thought. Such an unexpected confusion of young thoughts and hopes, which contradicted his whole life, suddenly arose in his soul, that he, feeling unable to understand his state of mind, immediately fell asleep.
The next day, having said goodbye to only one count, without waiting for the ladies to leave, Prince Andrei went home.
It was already the beginning of June, when Prince Andrei, returning home, drove again into that birch grove in which this old, gnarled oak struck him so strangely and memorable. The bells rang even more muffled in the forest than a month and a half ago; everything was full, shady and thick; and young spruce trees scattered throughout the forest did not disturb the general beauty and, imitation of the general character, tenderly turned green with fluffy young shoots.
The whole day was hot, somewhere a thunderstorm was gathering, but only a small cloud splashed on the dust of the road and on the succulent leaves. The left side of the forest was dark, in shadow; the right one, wet and glossy, shone in the sun, slightly swaying in the wind. Everything was in bloom; the nightingales chirped and rolled now close, now far away.
“Yes, here, in this forest, there was this oak, with which we agreed,” thought Prince Andrei. "Yes, where is he," thought Prince Andrei again, looking at left side the road, and without knowing it, not recognizing him, admired the oak he was looking for. The old oak, all transformed, spread out like a tent of juicy, dark greenery, was thrilled, slightly swaying in the rays of the evening sun. No clumsy fingers, no sores, no old mistrust and grief - nothing was visible. Juicy, young leaves broke through the tough, hundred-year-old bark without knots, so that it was impossible to believe that this old man had produced them. “Yes, this is the same oak tree,” thought Prince Andrei, and a causeless, spring feeling of joy and renewal suddenly came over him. All the best moments of his life were suddenly remembered to him at the same time. And Austerlitz with a high sky, and the dead, reproachful face of his wife, and Pierre on the ferry, and the girl, excited by the beauty of the night, and this night, and the moon - and all this suddenly came to his mind.
On December 15, the Russian Armed Forces celebrate the day of the formation of the radio engineering troops of the Air Force (Air Force). On this day in 1951, a service for the early detection of enemy aircraft was created by a decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
The Radio Engineering Troops (RTV) are a branch of the Russian Air Force. They are intended for conducting radar reconnaissance of an air enemy and issuing radar information about the air situation to the command and control bodies of the Air Force and other types and branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, to control points for combat means of aviation, anti-aircraft missile forces and electronic warfare when they solve peacetime and wartime tasks .
The radio engineering troops are a relatively young branch of the military. They were formed in their present form in January 1952 . However, the roots of RTV go much deeper into history. Already in the years of the First World War, the question arose of timely warning the troops and the population about the approach of enemy aircraft. It was at that time that when organizing the air defense of Petrograd and Tsarskoye Selo, "observation posts for the sky" appeared, later united into the air surveillance, warning and communications service (VNOS).
Until the end of the 1930s, VNOS posts were equipped with the simplest optical instruments. In 1938, the world's first radar station "RUS-1" was created (the first radar detector for aircraft), which received a baptism of fire in the war with Finland in 1939-1940. In the autumn of 1939, the designers created a more advanced RUS-2 (Redut) station, which was widely used during the Great Patriotic War to detect enemy aircraft.
In the post-war years, the need and importance of information about the air enemy, the beginning of his possible attack, control and prevention of reconnaissance activities in the airspace of the country has constantly increased.
In this regard, on December 15, 1951, a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On the creation of a service for the early detection of airborne enemy aircraft" was issued, on the basis of which, on the basis of the VNOS units of the Air Defense (Air Defense) of the country and the radar service of the Air Defense Fighter Aviation, the Radio Engineering Troops were formed as a branch of the military. . They received the name RTV VNOS air defense of the country; in 1955 they were renamed the RTV air defense of the country, in 1980 - in the RTV air defense.
The period from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s was characterized by the rapid development of the radio engineering troops. In those years, massive deliveries of radar equipment were carried out, groupings of troops were deployed. From the mid-1960s to the end of the 1970s, the development of dominant heights continued, the introduction of new equipment into the troops, primarily automated control systems.
The 1980s in the history of the development of RTV are characterized by qualitative changes in weapons and military equipment. The troops began to receive more powerful radar systems and radar stations, which absorbed best achievements Soviet scientists in the field of radio engineering and computer science. The massive arrival of automation equipment made it possible to create automated radar systems on the scale of formations and associations of the Air Defense Forces.
Radar field created on the territory Soviet Union, made it possible to carry out continuous tracking of aircraft at almost any point.
The process of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the events that followed it markedly weakened the Air Defense Forces. In connection with the disbandment a large number radio engineering units, a continuous radar field over the territory of the state disappeared. was significantly weakened and general system air defense of the country.
On January 14, 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal System for Reconnaissance and Airspace Control (FSR and KVP) was created. It provided for the unification of radar systems and means of the Air Defense Forces, the Department air transport, Air Force (Air Force) and Navy(Navy) through the automation system. Management federal system reconnaissance and airspace control was entrusted to the commander-in-chief of the Air Defense Forces through the commanders of air defense zones.
In 1998, the Air Defense Forces and the Air Force merged into one branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - the Air Force. Units that solved related tasks were united, and a single system of radar reconnaissance and radar support was formed on the basis of the radio engineering troops.
The radio engineering troops of the Air Force have a rich history of ensuring the landing of domestic spacecraft, including the landing of the first cosmonaut of the Earth - Yuri Gagarin, the Soviet space shuttle Buran.
RTV servicemen performed their international duty in China and North Korea, Vietnam and Egypt, Syria and Angola, Cuba and Afghanistan and a number of other countries.
The RTV of the Air Force consists of radio engineering regiments, which are organizationally part of the Air Force formation, the Military Space Defense Brigade (VKO), as well as other units and organizations directly subordinate to the Air Force High Command.
In peacetime, all deployed subunits and command posts of formations and units of the RTV are on combat duty for air defense, perform tasks of protecting the state border in the airspace.
During 2013, the specialists of the RTV Air Force carried out radar control of flights over the territory of the country for more than 360,000 aircraft.
The radio engineering troops are a high-tech branch of the military, equipped with modern complex and expensive weapons and military equipment. This requires an appropriate level of education and training of specialists in the operation of radio electronic equipment.
IN training centers more than 1,000 people, including officers and junior specialists, are trained and retrained annually by radio engineering troops.
When equipping troops with electronic equipment, the main attention is paid to increasing the maneuverability of subunits and their ability to issue combat operational information in a new positional area in the shortest possible time.
To equip the RTV of the Russian Air Force, promising and modern radio-electronic equipment is purchased, in particular, radar systems (RLK) "Nebo", radar "Opponent", "Gamma", "Sopka", "Kasta", "Podlet", automation systems "Foundation ", "Crimea".
As part of the radio engineering troops of the Air Force, it was planned to supply 10 promising Nebo-ME radar systems capable of detecting any class of air objects at ranges of more than 1,000 kilometers.
It is expected that by 2015 the share of modern weapons in the radio engineering troops will be brought to a level of at least 30%, and by 2020 - at least 70%.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources
The Day of Radio Engineering Troops of the Air Force is celebrated on December 15. The date of the celebration coincides with the day of the creation of radio engineering troops in Russia - the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on their formation was signed on December 15, 1951. The radio engineering troops can boast of high-tech equipment and the latest technology, which allows for continuous tracking of air equipment anywhere in the country.
Military personnel of the radio engineering troops celebrate their professional holiday in the service, being in a state of constant combat readiness. It cannot be otherwise - after all, the security of the country and every citizen depends on them.
Guard the heavenly roads
Not many people are honored.
Every year we celebrate in December
The holiday of our glorious RTV.
Again and again we will congratulate
You, and commanders and soldiers.
You protect your native sky
Motherland trusted, guys.
Let the holiday shine
All divisions and units.
We want to wish you peace
Joy, love, health, happiness!
Radio technicians, congratulations!
Let only success await you in the service,
And also in career upward promotion,
Know no troubles, no worries, no hindrances!
We wish you to be in great shape forever,
Enormous energy, vivacity, strength!
May your health always be normal,
To bring joy to you every day!
Congratulating you, I will say
I am lyrical words.
We can't live without troops
Radio engineering.
To all who serve here
I wish you well.
On duty, in the civil sphere
Live without despair.
The country sleeps peacefully until
In the ranks of radio engineers troops.
Provocateurs will not get into the country,
Radars are on the lookout.
Let the enemy not violate the airspace,
And our country is flourishing.
And a friendly family will meet you at home,
Honor and respect among colleagues, acquaintances.
Do you work for RTV? I congratulate you
And I sincerely wish the defender of the Fatherland
To be healthy, persistent, courageous,
Well, with technology - skillful.
Catch all the signals uninterrupted,
So that our homeland sleeps peacefully.
Let over you, my dear soldier,
Always only peaceful waves fly!
Air Force Radio Engineering Troop,
This is pride, this is glory, and technological progress,
So that there is peace and calm, in our blue sky,
Day and night at the post the falcons of Russia!
Let spies, provocateurs not hope for a miracle,
They will take a bearing in an instant, radars!
And to you, the servants of these troops, our congratulations,
May good luck accompany you and luck in business,
Let you be bypassed, and trouble, and grief,
Joy to you ocean, love and happiness to the sea!
Radio engineering troops holiday has come.
I wish you new meetings, smiles, strength.
May this wonderful holiday bring you success.
So that you become lucky and more successful than everyone!
Let, like a long radio wave,
Happiness, laughter and joy will fly to you.
Gather all your close friends as soon as possible.
Celebrate your holiday brighter, more fun!
Notify of the imminent approach of the enemy
Radio engineering glorious troops.
They carry permanent combat duty,
In heaven, on earth keeping peace.
Locators are their keen eyes.
Tracking stations serve as ears.
The enemy cannot deceive them.
And we are proud of them, no doubt!
Various reconnaissance and tracking devices,
Airspace is protected from intrusion.
At any time of the day, at any time of the year,
Everything is under control - regardless of the weather.
Military electronics and the skill of the guys,
Air borders can be safely trusted.
Honor and respect - to all specialists,
May the sky be peaceful, may the sky be clear!
In the world of complex modern technologies
There is a VKS - after all, the twenty-first century!
Yes, there is a lot of the latest high-precision technology,
But technology today is controlled by a person.
To detect enemy aircraft,
And give out reliable information -
There are posts of technical intelligence,
Tracking stations, radar.
Congratulations: 28 in verse, 5 in prose.
December 15 is annually celebrated in the Armed Forces of Russia as the Day of the formation of the radio engineering troops of the Aerospace Forces (VKS) of Russia. The date of the celebration was chosen in connection with the issue on December 15, 1951 of the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR "On the creation of a service for the early detection of enemy aircraft."
Radar complex for detecting aerodynamic and ballistic objects at medium and high altitudes "Nebo-M"
Mobile radar station of decimeter wave range "Opponent-GE"
Mobile low-altitude radar of interspecific use "Podlet-K1"
Low-altitude all-round radar "Casta"
The Radio Engineering Troops (RTV) are designed for radar reconnaissance of an air enemy, the issuance of radar information about the air situation by the command and control bodies of the Aerospace Forces, as well as other types and branches of the Russian Armed Forces. In peacetime, RTVs are on combat duty for air defense and perform tasks to protect the state border of the Russian Federation in the airspace.
Organizationally, the troops consist of radio engineering regiments that are part of the Air Force and Air Defense formations and other units subordinate to the High Command of the Aerospace Forces. The head of the RTV is Major General Andrey Koban.
The troops are equipped with modern technical means, capable of detecting air targets at altitudes from several meters to tens of kilometers, including:
radar systems (RLK) of medium and high altitudes "Nebo-M";
Radar of medium and high altitudes "Opponent-G1M", "Sopka-2";
Low-altitude radar "Podlet-K1" and "Podlet-M";
Low-altitude radar "Casta-2-2".
Troops also receive newest complex automated control means "Fundament-M", including in the mobile version.
In the fall of 2016, the Air Force and Air Defense Association of the Western Military District received five Nebo-U radars capable of detecting aircraft and cruise missiles at ranges up to 600 km. According to the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Aerospace Forces, Lieutenant General Viktor Gumenny, by April 2016, the share of modern weapons in the radio engineering troops was 45%. Since 2014, work has been underway to deploy radio engineering units in the Russian part of the Arctic.
About troops
The forerunner of the radio engineering troops in the USSR was the Air Surveillance, Warning and Communications Service (VNOS), originally deployed in 1928 through civilian people's commissariats as part of the organization of the air defense system (Air Defense) of the Soviet Union.
In 1932, the functions of the VNOS service were transferred to those created in the Air Defense Forces military units VNOS, subordinated to the commander of the Air Force (Air Force) of the military districts, and since 1938 - to the head of the Air Defense Directorate of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA).
On July 11, 1934, near Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), the first tests in the USSR of radio detection equipment for Rapid aircraft were carried out. This aerial reconnaissance station, capable of detecting aircraft at a distance of up to 3 km, became the prototype of more advanced systems that later entered service with the VNOS troops.
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, the VNOS troops ensured the operation of air defense fire weapons. To detect enemy aircraft and aim Soviet fighters at them, the RUS-2 radar (code "Redut"), which was put into service in 1940, was used. Since 1944, the P-3 and P-3a (“automotive”) radar stations have been used, capable of detecting targets at a distance of 35 km at an altitude of 1 thousand meters and at a distance of about 100 km at an altitude of more than 8 thousand meters.
On April 15, 1946, the service of the chief of the VNOS of the USSR Air Defense Forces was created as part of the headquarters of the VNOS troops.
On December 15, 1951, the USSR Council of Ministers set the task for the military department to create a reliable "alert detection and guidance service", for which it was ordered to organize a single radar system across the country.
In 1952, work began on the creation of a frontier detection and guidance strip along the state border of the USSR. Ground-based radar facilities in units and formations of fighter aviation were combined with the facilities of the VNOS service, and radio engineering troops of the VNOS were created on this basis. By the end of 1954, all VNOS visual observation posts along the Soviet state border were replaced by radar units.
In the second half of the 1950s, three types of troops were formed in the air defense forces: air defense aviation, anti-aircraft missile and radio engineering troops. RTV were provided with new radar, radio navigation and television means of reconnaissance and combat operations. In the 1960s, more than ten types of radar systems (RLS) and ground-based altimeters were developed and put into service.
On May 1, 1960, RTV specialists spotted the crossing of the Soviet air border southeast of Kirovabad (Tajik SSR, now Pyanj, Tajikistan) by an American reconnaissance aircraft Lockheed U-2 ("Lockheed Yu-2") pilot Francis Gary Powers and escorted him over the territory of the USSR up to the downing by air defense forces in the Sverdlovsk region (now Yekaterinburg).
Since the beginning of the 1960s, the radio engineering troops have been taking part in ensuring the landing of domestic spacecraft.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the formation of the RF Armed Forces in 1992, the radio engineering troops remained part of the air defense forces.
On January 14, 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin, the Federal System for Reconnaissance and Airspace Control was created. It combined the radar systems and means of the Air Defense Forces, the Department of Air Transport, the Air Force (VVS) and the Russian Navy. The management of the system was entrusted to the commander-in-chief of the air defense forces.
In 1998, the Air Defense Forces were included in the Air Force. As part of the Office of the Air Force Commander-in-Chief, the Office of the Head of the Federal System for Reconnaissance, Use and Airspace Control of the Air Force (since 1999 - the Office of the Head of the Radio Engineering Troops of the Air Force) was created.
On August 1, 2015, the Air Force became part of the Russian Aerospace Forces.
According to the RF Ministry of Defense, RTV servicemen performed their international duty in China, North Korea, Vietnam, Egypt, Syria, Angola, Cuba, Afghanistan and a number of other countries.
