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Tasks of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
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Lecturer of the discipline "Fundamentals of life safety" GBPOU of Moscow ETK No. 22 Kedrov Leonid Evgenievich
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The most unusual decree. Decree: Sew buttons on the front side of the sleeve of a soldier's uniform. The purpose of the decree: to wean the soldiers, most of whom were recruited from the peasant environment, to wipe their mouths with their sleeves after eating, so that expensive cloth would last longer
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The most unusual maneuver before the attack. During the war of Russia against the Emirate of Bukhara in 1868, the infantry crossed the river right in front of the enemy's chest-deep water and occupied the height of Chapan-Ata in a bayonet attack. The maneuver was swift, there was no time to take off shoes and pour water. Therefore, the soldiers stood on their hands, while their comrades shook their legs. A month later, in the battle, the Bukharians of the front ranks, approaching a rifle shot, stood up on their hands, and the rear began to conscientiously shake their legs. They were firmly convinced that they had unraveled the Russian ritual that brought victory
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military organization of the state. The military organization of the state is a set of bodies of state and military administration, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies that form its basis and carry out their activities by military methods, as well as parts of the production and scientific complexes countries, Team work which is aimed at preparing for armed defense and armed defense of the Russian Federation.
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The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is a state military organization of the Russian Federation, designed to repel aggression directed against the Russian Federation - Russia, for the armed protection of the integrity and inviolability of its territory, as well as to perform tasks in accordance with international treaties of power. ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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The fundamental requirements for the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which determine the main parameters of military development: - the ability to implement strategic deterrence; - high combat and mobilization readiness; - strategic mobility; - a high degree of staffing with well trained and trained personnel; - high technical equipment and resources. Priorities for reforming and strengthening the RF Armed Forces: Maintaining the potential of the Strategic Deterrence Forces; increasing the number of formations and units of constant readiness and the formation of groupings of troops on their basis; improvement of operational (combat) training of troops (forces); improvement of the system of manning the Armed Forces; implementation of the program for the modernization of weapons, military and special equipment and maintaining them in a state of combat readiness; improvement of military science and military education; improvement of systems social security military personnel, education and moral and psychological training.
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Modern Russian military planning of the activities of the Armed Forces is based on a realistic understanding of the available resources and capabilities of Russia. In peacetime and in emergency situations, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, together with other troops, must be ready to repel an attack and defeat an aggressor, to conduct both defensive and offensive active operations in any variant of unleashing and waging wars (armed conflicts). The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation must be able to successfully solve tasks simultaneously in two armed conflicts without carrying out additional mobilization measures. In addition, the RF Armed Forces must carry out peacekeeping operations - independently and as part of multinational contingents. In the event of an aggravation of the military-political and military-strategic situation, the RF Armed Forces must ensure the strategic deployment of troops and contain the aggravation of the situation at the expense of strategic deterrence forces and forces of constant readiness. The tasks of the Armed Forces in wartime are to repel an enemy aerospace attack with available forces, and after a full-scale strategic deployment, to solve problems simultaneously in two local wars.
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Changed foreign policy situation recent years, new priorities in the field national security set before the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (RF Armed Forces) completely different tasks, which can be structured in four main areas: containment of military and military-political threats to security or encroachments on the interests of the Russian Federation; protection of the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation; carrying out military operations in peacetime; use of military force. The peculiarities of the development of the military-political situation in the world make it possible for one task to grow into another, since the most problematic military-political situations are complex and multifaceted.
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Deterrence of military and military-political threats to the security of the Russian Federation (encroachments on the interests of the Russian Federation) means the following actions of the RF Armed Forces: timely detection of a threatening development of the military-political situation or the preparation of an armed attack on the Russian Federation and (or) its allies; maintaining a state of combat and mobilization readiness of the country, strategic nuclear forces, forces and means that ensure their functioning and use, as well as control systems in order to, if necessary, inflict the specified damage on the aggressor; maintaining the combat potential and mobilization readiness of groupings of general-purpose troops (forces) at a level that ensures the reflection of aggression local scale; maintaining readiness for strategic deployment when the country is transferred to wartime conditions; organizing territorial defense.
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Ensuring the economic and political interests of the Russian Federation includes the following components: maintaining safe conditions for the life of Russian citizens in zones of armed conflicts and political or other instability; creating conditions for the security of the economic activities of Russia or its economic structures; protecting national interests in territorial waters, on on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone of Russia, as well as in the World Ocean; by decision of the President of the Russian Federation, operations using the forces and means of the Armed Forces in regions that are a sphere of vital economic and political interests of the Russian Federation; organizing and conducting information confrontation.
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Military operations of the RF Armed Forces in peacetime are possible in the following cases: fulfillment by Russia of allied obligations in accordance with international treaties or other interstate agreements; combating international terrorism, political extremism and separatism, as well as preventing sabotage and terrorist acts; partial or full strategic deployment, maintaining readiness for the use and use of the nuclear deterrence potential; conducting peacekeeping operations as part of coalitions created within the framework of international organizations where Russia is a member or has joined on a temporary basis; ensuring a martial (emergency) regime in one or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation with decisions of the highest bodies of state power; protection of the state border of the Russian Federation in the airspace and underwater environment; enforcement of the regime of international sanctions imposed on the basis of a decision of the UN Security Council; warning environmental disasters and others emergencies and the elimination of their consequences.
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military strength applied directly to ensure the security of the country in the following cases: armed conflict; local war; regional war; large-scale war.
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An armed conflict is one of the forms of resolving political, national-ethnic, religious, territorial and other contradictions using the means of armed struggle. At the same time, the conduct of such hostilities does not imply the transition of relations between the state (states) into a special state called war. In an armed conflict, the parties, as a rule, pursue private military-political goals. An armed conflict may result from the escalation of an armed incident, border conflict and other limited-scale clashes in which weapons are used to resolve conflicts. An armed conflict may be of an international character (with the participation of two or more states) or of an internal character (with the conduct of armed confrontation within the territory of one state).
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A local war is a war between two or more states, limited by political goals. Military operations are conducted, as a rule, within the borders of the opposing states, and primarily affect the interests of only these states (territorial, economic, political, and others). A local war can be waged by groupings of troops (forces) deployed in the area of conflict, with their possible reinforcement through the transfer of additional forces and assets from other directions and partial strategic deployment of the armed forces. Under certain conditions, local wars can develop into a regional or large-scale war.
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A regional war is a war involving two or more states (groups of states) of a region. It is conducted by national or coalition armed forces using both conventional and nuclear weapons. In the course of hostilities, the parties pursue important military-political goals. Regional wars take place on the territory limited by the boundaries of one region, as well as in the waters, airspace and space adjacent to it. The conduct of a regional war requires the full deployment of the armed forces and the economy, the high tension of all the forces of the participating states. In the event of the participation in this war of states possessing nuclear weapons, or their allies, there may be a threat of the use of nuclear weapons.
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A large-scale war is a war between coalitions of states or the largest states of the world community. It can be the result of the expansion of an armed conflict, local or regional war by involving a significant number of states in them. In a large-scale war, the parties will pursue radical military-political goals. It will require the mobilization of all available material resources and spiritual forces of the participating states.
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The Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the President of the Russian Federation. The Armed Forces are controlled by the Minister of Defense through the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation began to be created in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.92 on the basis of the USSR Armed Forces, which were stationed on the territory of the RSFSR at the time of the collapse of the USSR. The Armed Forces consist of three branches of the Armed Forces, two separate branches of the armed forces and special forces that are not included in the branches of the Armed Forces and types of troops. Front side. Reverse side. Banner Armed Forces
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STRUCTURE OF THE RF Armed Forces The main functions of the Ministry of Defense: The Ministry of Defense, as a government body, participates in the development of military policy issues, the construction of the Armed Forces, prepares state program weapons and military equipment, forms a defense order, etc. The main functions of the General Staff of the Armed Forces: General base is the main body of operational control of the Armed Forces, it manages the planning of the use of troops for defense purposes, manages them during military operations and in peacetime, improves the operational equipment of theaters of military operations, and develops mobilization plans. Determines the quantitative norms of conscription for military service, organizes military registration, military training, etc.
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STRUCTURE OF THE RF Armed Forces At present, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation structurally include: 3 TYPES OF ARMED FORCES: GROUND FORCES; AIR AND SPACE FORCE (until 2015 - Air Force and Aerospace Defense Forces); NAVY. 2 TYPES OF TROOPS: -ROCKET TROOPS OF STRATEGIC PURPOSE; -Airborne Troops. THE REAR OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE TROOPS THAT ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE SERVICES AND BRANCHES OF THE ARMED FORCES.
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STRUCTURE OF THE AF OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION A type of aircraft is a part of the armed forces of a state designed to conduct combat operations in a certain area (on land, at sea, in the air and in space). Each service of the Armed Forces has its own specific organizational structure, armament, command and control system, combat training and logistics. The type of troops is component type of armed forces, subunits, units, formations that have weapons, military and other equipment peculiar only to them, use their own tactics in the conduct of hostilities and are intended to perform certain tactical and operational-tactical tasks. In addition, there are branches of the armed forces that are not part of the branches of the Armed Forces, but are directly subordinate to the Minister of Defense.
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STRUCTURE OF THE RF Armed Forces At present, the RF Armed Forces consist of central command and control bodies, types of the Armed Forces, branches of service subordinate to the Ministry of Defense, special troops, rear, which are organized organizationally into associations, formations, military units, subunits, as well as institutions and military educational institutions. Organizationally, the Armed Forces consist of the central bodies of military command, associations, formations, units and institutions of the Ministry of Defense. Associations - military formations that include several formations (smaller-scale associations) and units various kinds Armed Forces, military branches, special troops and services. Their composition is not constant. They can be territorial, for example, a military district, fleet, or operational - front, army, squadron. Connection - military formation, consisting of several units or formations of a smaller scale, various types of troops (forces), special troops (services), as well as units and subunits of support and maintenance. For example, a corps, squadron, division, brigade.
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STRUCTURE OF THE RF Armed Forces A military unit is an organizationally independent combat and administrative-economic unit in all types of the Armed Forces, branches of service. The military unit, as a rule, is awarded the Battle Banner (Naval flag), it has official seals with a conditional and full name. The institutions of the Ministry of Defense are structures that solve the problems of ensuring the activities of the troops, for example, military medical, research, educational institutions, officers' houses, sports clubs, etc. Territorially, the Armed Forces are united into military districts (individual groupings of troops) and fleets (flotillas), which are headed by commanders with their headquarters.
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Western Military District - located within the administrative boundaries of the Republic of Karelia, the Republic of Komi, Arkhangelsk, Belgorod, Bryansk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kostroma, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod, Oryol, Pskov, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tambov, Tver, Tula, Yaroslavl regions, Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
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The Southern Military District is located within the administrative borders of the Republic of Adygea, the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, the Chechen Republic, Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories, Astrakhan, Volgograd and Rostov Regions .
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Central Military District - within the administrative boundaries of the Republic of Altai, the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Republic of Mari El, the Republic of Mordovia, the Republic of Tatarstan, the Republic of Tuva, Udmurt Republic, Republic of Khakassia, Chuvash Republic, Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Perm Territories, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Kirov, Kurgan, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, Chelyabinsk regions, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
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The Eastern Military District - within the administrative boundaries of the Republic of Buryatia, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Trans-Baikal, Kamchatka, Primorsky, Khabarovsk Territories, the Amur, Magadan, Sakhatinsk Regions. Jewish Autonomous Region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.
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Associations of the Russian Navy. Baltic Fleet(Kaliningrad) Baltic and Leningrad Naval Base Brigades of surface, landing (2), missile boats, ships of protection of the water area (2), submarines, marines, motorized rifle, missile and artillery and other regiments and battalions. Northern Fleet (Severomorsk) The basis is nuclear missile and torpedo submarines, missile-carrying and anti-submarine aviation, missile, aircraft-carrying and anti-submarine ships. The only heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Admiral of the Fleet" in Russia is based in the fleet. Soviet Union Kuznetsov" and a carrier-based aviation regiment, as well as today the only surface cruisers in the world with a nuclear power plant. Coastal troops (ms brigades, missile artillery, marine regiment, electronic warfare regiment, marine engineering battalion) Black Sea Fleet (Sevastopol) Sevastopol and Novorossiysk naval divisions of surface ships, brigades of anti-submarine ships, landing, missile boats, ships of the protection of the water area, divisions of small missile ships, missile boats, submarines, anti-submarine ships, hydrographic ships, missile and artillery brigade, marine brigade, marine battalion, anti-aircraft missile regiment, mixed air base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation Caspian Flotilla (Astrakhan) Currently part of the flotilla includes missile guards (URO corvettes), small missile and artillery ships, missile and artillery boats, landing hovercraft, base and raid minesweepers, parts of the marines, coastal artillery troops. Pacific Fleet(Vladivostok) The combat strength includes three strategic missile submarines, 11 multi-purpose nuclear submarines, 8 diesel-electric submarines, 10 combat surface ships of the ocean and sea zone and 30 ships of the near sea zone.
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Ground troops. Ground Forces, SV - the most numerous type of armed forces in terms of combat strength. Ground forces are designed to conduct an offensive in order to defeat the enemy grouping, capture and hold his territories, regions and lines, deliver fire strikes to a great depth, and repel enemy incursions and large airborne assault forces. The ground forces of the Russian Federation, in turn, include the types of troops: - Motorized rifle troops, MSV - the most numerous branch of the ground forces, is a motorized infantry equipped with infantry fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, trucks Consist of motorized rifle formations, units and subunits, which include motorized rifle, artillery, tank and other units and subunits. - Tank troops, TV - the main striking force of the ground forces, maneuverable, highly mobile and resistant to the effects of nuclear weapons, troops designed to carry out deep breakthroughs and develop operational success, are able to overcome water obstacles on the move in a ford and on crossing facilities. Tank troops consist of tank, motorized rifle (mechanized, motorized infantry), rocket, artillery and other units and units. - Rocket troops and artillery, RV and A are designed for fire and nuclear destruction enemy. They are armed with cannon and rocket artillery. They consist of formations of units and subunits of howitzer, cannon, rocket, anti-tank artillery, mortars, as well as artillery reconnaissance, control and support. to defeat them, as well as the prohibition of his aerial reconnaissance. Air defense forces are armed with mobile, towed and portable anti-aircraft missile and anti-aircraft gun systems. - Special troops and services - a set of troops and services of the ground forces, designed to carry out highly specialized activities to ensure the combat and daily activities of the armed forces. Special troops consist of troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection, engineering troops, signal troops, electronic warfare troops, automobile troops, etc.
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Aerospace forces. The Aerospace Forces (VKS) is a type of Russian armed forces that has existed since August 1, 2015 in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation. Air Force. Air Force, Air Force - a branch of forces designed to conduct reconnaissance of enemy groupings, ensure the gain of dominance (deterrence) in the air, protect important military-economic regions and facilities of the country and groupings of troops from air strikes, warn of air attack, defeat objects , which form the basis of the military and military-economic potential of the enemy, air support for ground forces and fleet forces, airborne landings, transportation of troops and materiel by air. The Russian Air Force includes:- Long-range aviation- the main striking weapon of the Air Force, designed to defeat (including nuclear) groupings of troops, aviation, naval forces of the enemy and destroy its important military, military-industrial, energy facilities, communication centers in strategic and operational depth. It can also be involved in conducting aerial reconnaissance and mining from the air.- Front-line aviation- the main strike force of the Air Force, solves problems in combined arms, joint and independent operations, is designed to destroy enemy troops, objects in the operational depth in the air, on land and at sea. It can be used to conduct aerial reconnaissance and mining from the air. - Army aviation is designed to provide air support to the Ground Forces by destroying enemy ground armored mobile targets at the forefront and in tactical depth, as well as to ensure combined arms combat and increase troop mobility. Army aviation units and subunits perform fire, airborne transport, reconnaissance and special combat missions. - Military transport aviation is one of the types of military aviation that is part of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It provides air transportation of troops, military equipment and cargo, as well as airborne landings. Performs sudden tasks in peacetime in the event of both natural and man-made emergencies, and conflict situations in a particular region that pose a threat to the security of the state. The main purpose of military transport aviation is to ensure the strategic mobility of the Russian Armed Forces, and in peacetime - to ensure the vital activity of troops in various regions. - Special aviation is designed to solve a wide range of tasks: early warning and control, electronic warfare, reconnaissance and target designation, providing control and communications, refueling aircraft in the air, conducting radiation, chemical and engineering reconnaissance, evacuating the wounded and sick, searching and rescuing flight crews, etc. - anti-aircraft rocket troops, ZRV are designed to protect important administrative and economic regions and objects of Russia from air attacks.
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Radio-technical troops, RTV are designed to conduct radar reconnaissance, issue information for radar support of anti-aircraft missile troops and aviation units, as well as to control the use of air defense and anti-missile defense troops. Air Defense Troops - Air Defense and Anti-Missile Defense Troops - a branch of service designed to communicate information about a missile attack warning, Moscow's missile defense, the creation, deployment, maintenance and management of an orbital constellation spacecraft military, dual, socio-economic and scientific purposes. The complexes and systems of the Aerospace Defense Forces solve tasks of a nationwide strategic scale not only in the interests of the Armed Forces and other power structures, but also of most ministries and departments, the economy, social sphere. In the structure of the Aerospace Defense Forces, the following are distinguished: the First State Test Cosmodrome "Plesetsk" (until 2007 the Second State Test Cosmodrome "Svobodny" also functioned, until 2008 - the Fifth State Test Cosmodrome "Baikonur", which later became only a civilian cosmodrome) -Launch spacecraft for military purposes - Launch of dual-purpose spacecraft - 153rd Main Test Space Center named after G. S. Titov - Directorate for the introduction of RKO facilities - Parts of support. space troops. Space Forces, KV - a branch of the Aerospace Forces (VKS). As a separate branch of the military, it existed in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2001-2011. The Space Forces were intended to ensure the security of Russia in the space sphere. On December 1, 2011, they ceased to exist independently, becoming part of the Aerospace Defense Forces of the Airspace. Since August 1, 2015, they have been recreated as a branch of the military as part of the VKS.
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Navy. The Navy is a branch of the armed forces designed to conduct search and rescue operations, protect the economic interests of Russia, and conduct combat operations in the sea and ocean theaters of military operations. The navy is capable of inflicting conventional and nuclear strikes on the enemy's naval and coastal forces, disrupting its sea communications, landing amphibious assault forces, etc. The navy consists of four fleets and one flotilla: the Baltic, Northern, Pacific and Black Sea and Caspian flotillas. As part of Navy stand out: - Submarine forces - the main strike force of the fleet. Submarine forces are capable of secretly entering the ocean, approaching the enemy and inflicting a sudden and powerful blow on him by conventional and nuclear means. In the submarine forces, multi-purpose / torpedo ships and missile cruisers are distinguished. - The surface forces provide covert access to the ocean and the deployment of submarine forces, their return. Surface forces are capable of transporting and covering landings, setting up and removing minefields, disrupting enemy communications and protecting their own.- Naval aviation- the aviation component of the Navy. Allocate strategic, tactical, deck and coastal aviation. Naval aviation is designed to deliver bombing and missile strikes against enemy ships and coastal forces, conduct radar reconnaissance, search for submarines and destroy them.
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Coastal troops are designed to protect naval bases and naval bases, ports, important sections of the coast, islands and straits from attack by enemy ships and amphibious assault forces. The basis of their weapons are coastal missile systems and artillery, anti-aircraft missile systems, mine and torpedo weapons, as well as special coastal defense ships. Coastal fortifications are being set up on the coast to ensure defense by troops. They include two types of forces: - Marine Corps; - Coastal missile and artillery troops - Navy Special Forces - formations, units and subunits of the Navy, designed to conduct special events on the territory of enemy naval bases and in coastal areas, to conduct reconnaissance.
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Separate types of troops Strategic Missile Forces. The Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN) are a branch of the Armed Forces, the main component of Russia's strategic nuclear forces. The Strategic Missile Forces are intended for nuclear deterrence of possible aggression and destruction as part of strategic nuclear forces or independently massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes of strategic objects located in one or more strategic aerospace directions and forming the basis of the military and military-economic potential of the enemy. The Strategic Missile Forces are armed with ground-based intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads. - RT-2 PM "Topol" from the 54th Guards - three missile armies (headquarters in the cities of Vladimir, Orenburg, Omsk) - 4th State Central Interspecific polygon Kapustin Yar (which also includes the former 10th test site Sary-Shagan in Kazakhstan) - 4th Central Research Institute (Yubileyny, Moscow Region) - educational institutions ( Military Academy named after Peter the Great in Moscow, a military institute in the city of Serpukhov) - arsenals and central repair plants, bases for storing weapons and military equipment.
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Special Troops. Special troops are an integral part of the armed forces; a set of military formations, units, subdivisions, institutions providing logistic support and technical support for troops and forces (navy and aviation) in rear services. It consists of the rear of the Armed Forces: railway, pipeline, automobile, engineering, road, reconnaissance troops, troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection, signal troops, medical service, logistics of the SV, Airborne Forces, Strategic Missile Forces, Navy, Aerospace Forces; topographic service, parts special purpose GRU.
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Rear. armed. Force. The rear of the armed forces is an integral part of the armed forces; a set of military formations, units, subdivisions, institutions providing logistic support and technical support for troops and forces (navy and aviation) in rear services. The rear of the Armed Forces includes: arsenals, bases, warehouses with stocks of materiel. It has special troops (automobile, railway, road, pipeline, engineering and airfield and others), as well as repair, medical, rear guards and other units and subunits. Subordinate military authorities: 1. Logistics Headquarters of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.2. Department of transport support of the Ministry of Defense of Russia. 3. Department of operational maintenance and provision of public services military units and organizations of the Ministry of Defense of Russia.4. Main Armored Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Russia5. Main Rocket and Artillery Directorate of the Russian Ministry of Defense6. Main Directorate of the Chief of the Railway Troops of the Ministry of Defense of Russia7. Metrology Department of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation8. Directorate of the Russian Ministry of Defense for perpetuating the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland
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STRUCTURE OF THE RF Armed Forces Troops not included in the types of RF Armed Forces: - Courier - postal service; - National Guard; - Government communications troops; - Civil defense troops; - Border troops.
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The strength of the Armed Forces RFV staffing The armed forces include private and junior command staff(sergeants and foremen) and officers serving in military units and central, district and local military authorities in military positions provided for by the staff of certain units, in commandant's offices, military commissariats, military missions abroad, as well as cadets of higher military training institutions of the Ministry of Defense and military training centers. In 2011, the number of personnel of the RF Armed Forces was about 1 million people. The million army was the result of a gradual long-term reduction from 2,880 thousand in the armed forces in 1992 (-65.3%). By 2008, almost half of the personnel were officers, ensigns and midshipmen. During the military reform of 2008, the positions of warrant officers and midshipmen were reduced, about 170 thousand officer positions were also eliminated, whereby the share of officers in the states was about 15%, but later, by decree of the President, the established number officers was brought to 220 thousand people. These actions to optimize management led to insoluble problems in the troops: the professional part of the junior officers in the army was practically destroyed. Experts admitted that the program to create an alternative to ensigns - the institute of sergeants - has completely failed. About 80% of contract sergeants do not want to sign contracts for the next term. It is planned that 55,000 ensigns will return to serve in military units.
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Purpose of the Russian Armed Forces
The Armed Forces of the state are designed to solve foreign and domestic tasks through armed struggle
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Constitution of the Russian Federation
Defense of the Fatherland is the duty and obligation of a citizen of the Russian Federation. A citizen of the Russian Federation performs military service in accordance with federal law. Article 59
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History of the Russian army
1 period C early XVIII century is being created regular army based on recruitment. This stage is associated with the names of Peter I, A.V. Suvorov, M.I. Kutuzov.
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During this period, the Russian fleet was also created. The battles at Gangut, Grengam, Chesme proved the combat power of the young fleet.
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Stage 2
In the second half of the 19th century, as a result of the military reform of Alexander II, a larger army was created on the basis of universal military duty.
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Stage 3
Since February 23, 1918, the Soviet (Red) Army has been leading its history. Heroic Page Soviet soldiers is a feat during the Great Patriotic War.
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3 (modern) stage
On May 5, 1992, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the creation of the Russian army was issued. The modern army must become mobile, professional, equipped with modern weapons.
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Composition of the Armed Forces of Russia.
Depending on the tasks to be solved, the state creates the following armed structures.
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Strategic Rocket Forces
They are the most powerful and combat-ready type of army. Heavy ballistic intercontinental systems are in service.
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Ground troops
The Ground Forces are the most numerous branch of the Armed Forces. Consists of motorized rifle, tank troops, missile troops and artillery, engineering troops.
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Air Force and Air Defense.
They include: Long-Range Aviation, Frontline Aviation, Ground Attack Aviation, Fighter Aviation, Military Transport Aviation.
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Navy
Designed to solve combat missions in the sea and ocean theaters of war. Consists of the submarine fleet, surface ships of various classes, naval aviation, coastal artillery and marines.
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Problems of reforming the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
The main task of the reform of the RF Armed Forces is the creation of a mobile, modern, professional army based on the contract method of manning. Directions for the reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: 1. Creation of a regulatory framework for the new army 2. Technical re-equipment of the Armed Forces 3. Increasing the standard of living and social security of servicemen 4. Improving the moral and psychological climate in military collectives 5. Increasing the prestige of military service.
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The armed forces of the Russian Federation are designed to repel aggression directed against the Russian Federation, to defend the integrity and inviolability of the territory of the Russian Federation, and to perform tasks in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation.
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The Armed Forces of Russia were created by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on May 7, 1992. They form the basis of the defense of the state. In addition, the Border Troops of the Russian Federation, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Railway Troops RF, troops federal agency government communications and information under the President of the Russian Federation, civil defense troops.
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Along with external functions in peacetime and wartime, the Armed Forces can be called upon to maintain order in an emergency, to eliminate major accidents and catastrophes, and to solve certain national economic problems.
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General leadership of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is exercised by the Supreme Commander. According to the Constitution and the Law "On Defense" it is the President of Russia.
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The direct leadership of the Russian Armed Forces is exercised by the Minister of Defense through the Ministry of Defense. The main body of operational command and control of the troops and forces of the fleet of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the General Staff.
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The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consist of central government bodies, types, branches of service, associations, formations, military units, institutions and organizations, as well as military educational institutions.
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TYPES OF ARMED FORCES
LAND FORCES: motorized rifle troops, tank forces, missile troops and artillery, air defense troops, special troops (reconnaissance, communications, electronic warfare (EW), engineering, radiation, chemical and biological protection (RCBZ), technical support, rear protection, rear units and organizations).
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Air force: aviation (bomber, assault, fighter, air defense, reconnaissance, transport and special aviation), anti-aircraft missile troops, radio engineering troops, special troops of rear units and institutions.
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The navy organizationally consists of branches of forces: submarine, surface, naval aviation, marines and coastal troops, units of special forces and rear.
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Independent types of troops: space troops, missile troops, strategic air landing troops
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The history of the creation of V.S. The current army of Russia was officially created on May 7, 1992 by decree of the President of the Russian Federation. She is the heir to the military glory and traditions of the Russian army of the pre-revolutionary period and the Soviet Armed Forces. The most significant stages in the history of the Russian army are inextricably linked with the history of our Fatherland and played a decisive role in the formation and strengthening of the state. First of all, these are victories on the Kulikovo field in 1380, near Poltava in 1709, near Borodino in! 812. And in the Great Patriotic war 1941 -1945
"Summon" - II contract?t2. War-2008! F-E crisis! Civil pensioners. In the concept and plan for the fight against corruption, clause 3 is “forgotten” !!! Submarine crews - “Succeeded to destroy!” The facts of the withdrawal of DD. Phenomena that discredited the reform. Military tasks of the new stage of military reform - the transition to the "new image" of the Armed Forces.
"AF RF" - Quick squats in place. The Constitution gives the President the exclusive right to impose martial law. Summarizing. Mobilization plans for the economy. New topic(viewing the presentation "Structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation" with the teacher's comments). The head of state has traditionally been the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces.
"History of the Russian Army" - The General Staff is the main body of operational command and control of the troops and fleet of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. And in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation consist of central command and control bodies, types, branches of service, associations, formations, military units, institutions and organizations, as well as military educational institutions.
"Military Service" - Reduction in military rank one step with a transfer to a lower position. Special duties. Special duties are usually temporary. Military commissar - deputy chairman of the commission. The composition of the recruiting committee. On the call for alternative civilian service. Arrest with detention in a guardhouse for up to 10 days.
"Modern Army" - When will our army and navy become professional? Questions revealing the topic. Can modern Russian army become the standard of modern armies? When will funding for the army and navy increase? Main goal: Solving the problems of military education. The problem of military education on present stage. Didactic goals and objectives.
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State budget professional educational institution Technological College No. 21 GBPOU TC No. 21
Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Origins and present.
Prepared by: Kuzminsky E.A. and Kuzminskaya A.V.
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Lesson structure
Purpose: to study the history of the country's armed forces and get acquainted with their structure. Tasks: To study the history of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation To study the structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation To get acquainted with the composition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation To consider the emblems of the Armed Forces and the command staff
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Rus' 14-17 centuries
In the 16th century, the Muscovite state had an army of 150-200 thousand soldiers. The militia (auxiliary detachments) joined combat units in the most important and difficult military campaigns. It consisted of townspeople and peasants.
Feudal war in Rus'
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archers
Service people for hire made up a large part of the Armed Forces of the Moscow State. They received a salary for their work. Streltsy troops were considered the most numerous. They were armed with squeakers (wick guns) and battle axes. In the middle of the 17th century, not one garrison could do without archers.
Moscow archer 17th century
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18-19 century Regular Russian army
From 1701 to 1711, under Peter I, a regular Russian army was created. The regular Russian army included 47 infantry and 5 grenadier regiments, 33 cavalry regiments. Around the same time, a navy was created on the Baltic Sea.
The last tsar of all Rus' and the first Emperor of All Russia - Peter 1 - the Great
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20th century: 1917-1945
The Red Guard was the armed support Soviet power. It consisted of armed detachments of workers. By the beginning of 1918, it included 460,000 people. The army was not professional, so the threat of an invasion by German troops forced the government to create a standing army. The troops were formed on a voluntary basis.
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A little later, the Red Army began to be considered the basis of the armed forces, the main branch of the army was the infantry, and the main mobile branch of the army was the cavalry. In addition, the army included 30 flotillas and the Baltic Fleet.
Red Army
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Threat of World War II
The Soviet government increased the size of the army. By the beginning of 1941, the strength of the armed forces was 5.7 million people. There was a constant technical re-equipment of the armed forces.
Red Army on the eve of the war
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1945 - the end of the 20th century
In the 1950s, the Armed Forces were equipped with nuclear missiles and other the latest species military equipment. In 1960, the Strategic Rocket Forces were created. The USSR Armed Forces included: Ground Forces (SV), Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN), Troops air defense(Air Defense), Navy (Navy), Air Force (Air Force). The leadership of the Armed Forces of the USSR was carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the USSR.
In August 1945, the Americans dropped the first atomic bombs"Kid" (6.08, Hiroshima) and "Fat Man" (9.08, Nagasaki).
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Structure of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Types of troops: Ground Forces, Air Force, Navy. Types of troops: Strategic Rocket Forces, Airborne Forces, Space Forces.
Pride of the Armed Forces - missile system "Topol M"
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President of the Russian Federation
The President of the Russian Federation, according to the Constitution, is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
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Ground Forces of the Russian Federation
Type VS- are designed to repel enemy aggression in the continental theaters of military operations, protect the territorial integrity and national interests of the Russian Federation.
Emblem Flag
Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces - Colonel General Oleg Leonidovich Salyukov
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commander in chief Air force Colonel General Bondarev Viktor Nikolaevich
Air Force
Type of aircraft - designed to conduct reconnaissance of enemy groupings, ensure the gain of dominance (deterrence) in the air, protect important military-economic regions and facilities of the country and groupings of troops from air strikes
The Russian Air Force includes: Long-range aviation Front-line aviation Army aviation Military transport aviation Special aviation Anti-aircraft missile troops Radio engineering troops
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Commander-in-Chief, Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy - Admiral Alexander Tatarinov.
Navy
A type of armed forces designed to conduct search and rescue operations, protect the economic interests of Russia, and conduct military operations in the sea and ocean theaters of military operations. The navy is capable of inflicting conventional and nuclear strikes on the enemy's naval and coastal forces, disrupting its maritime communications
The following are distinguished in the Navy: Submarine forces Surface forces Naval aviation Coastal troops Special forces of the Russian Navy
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Aerospace Defense Troops
An independent branch of the military, designed to communicate information about the warning of a missile attack, the missile defense of Moscow, the creation, deployment, maintenance and management of an orbital group of spacecraft for military, dual, socio-economic and scientific purposes.
Commander of the Aerospace Defense Forces - Lieutenant General Alexander Valentinovich Golovko
Emblem of the Aerospace Defense Forces
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Strategic Rocket Forces
Branch of the Armed Forces, the main component of Russia's strategic nuclear forces. The Strategic Missile Forces are intended for nuclear deterrence of possible aggression and destruction as part of strategic nuclear forces or independently massive, group or single nuclear missile strikes of strategic objects located in one or more strategic aerospace directions and forming the basis of the military and military-economic potential of the enemy.
Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces - Colonel General Sergey Viktorovich Karakaev.
Emblem of the Strategic Missile Forces
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Commander of the Airborne Forces - Colonel General Vladimir Shamanov.
Airborne Troops
An independent branch of the military, which includes airborne formations: airborne and airborne assault divisions and brigades, as well as individual units. Airborne Forces are designed for operational landing and combat operations behind enemy lines.
Emblem of the Airborne Forces
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Other troops
This includes troops that participate in the defense of the state, but are not part of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Border troops Federal Service security of the Russian Federation ensure the security of the individual, society and the state in the field of protection and protection state border RF
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The internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation ensure the security of the individual, society, state, protect the rights and freedoms of citizens from criminal or illegal encroachments.
commemorative coin
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The Russian Emergencies Ministry includes civil defense troops. In peacetime, the troops participate in activities aimed at preventing emergencies, teach the population how to protect themselves in emergencies, carry out work to eliminate and localize the consequences of emergencies
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Check of knowledge
The test will take place in the form of "own game"
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