Sleeve emblem of the Pacific Fleet
Flag of the Russian Navy
Main goals
The main tasks of the Russian Pacific Fleet at present are:
- maintaining naval strategic nuclear forces in constant readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence;
- protection of the economic zone and areas of production activities, suppression of illegal production activities;
- ensuring the safety of navigation;
- implementation of foreign policy actions of the government in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.)
Story
Pacific Fleet in the XVIII-XIX centuries.
To protect the eastern borders Russian Empire, sea trade routes and crafts On May 10, 1731, a Russian military flotilla was created in the Far East with the main base in Okhotsk, later called Siberian. It consisted mainly of small-tonnage vessels.
Until the beginning of the XIX century. transformations in the Siberian military flotilla were slow. The study of the Far Eastern borders of the Russian Empire began during the First Russian round the world expedition 1803-1806 under the command of Admiral I.F. Kruzenshtern and captain 1st rank Yu.F. Lisyansky. On the ship "Hope" sailors I.F. Kruzenshtern was examined and the shores of about. Sakhalin, conducted hydrographic and meteorological studies.
A great contribution to the study and protection of the Far Eastern borders of Russia was also made by the sailors of the flotilla of the Baltic Fleet, sent to assist the Russian-American company in 1806-1814.
In 1849-1855. the study of the Sea of Okhotsk was continued by the crew of the Baikal vessel under the leadership of Admiral G.I. Nevelskoy. The expedition explored the southwestern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk and the mouth of the river. Amur, was able to confirm the presence of a strait between about. Sakhalin and the Continent.
In 1849, for more reliable protection of the coast and Kuril Islands the main base of the Siberian flotilla was moved to the port of Petropavlovsk (now Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky). This was due to the fact that the Sea of Okhotsk freezes in winter.
Since the beginning Crimean War(1853-1856) in the zone of operation of the Siberian military flotilla there was a real threat of an attack from the sea by the British and French. To protect the main bases of the fleet - Vladivostok, Okhotsk and the port of Petropavlovsk - the flotilla had an insignificant number of warships.
On August 18, 1854, an Anglo-French squadron appeared in front of the Petropavlovsk port under the command of Rear Admirals Preis and F. de Pointe, consisting of three frigates, a corvette and a steamer, armed with 218 guns and about 2,000 personnel.
The defense of the port was led by the Governor General of Kamchatka, Major General V.S. Zavoyko, who had at his disposal about 1000 people of the Peter and Paul garrison. The frigate "Aurora" (commander - captain-lieutenant I.N. Izylmetyev) and the military transport "Dvina" were stationed in the harbor. On ships and seven coastal batteries there were only 67 guns.
On August 20, the Anglo-French squadron began hostilities, concentrating the fire of all guns on the Russian coastal defense batteries. After two attacks, part of the ships of the Anglo-French squadron were damaged, its losses in manpower amounted to 450 people. The losses of the defenders of the Petropavlovsk port amounted to about 100 fighters.
On August 27, the allied squadron went to the open sea, but military operations in the Sea of Okhotsk also did not bring her success.
In 1855, the main base of the Siberian military flotilla was moved to a more secure port - Nikolaevsk.
The Russian government began to pay more and more attention to the economic and military power of Primorye. An intensive study of the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, the Kuril Islands and the Kamchatka Peninsula was launched, and a whole range of incentives and benefits was developed to attract naval officers to the Siberian military flotilla. However, the combat power of the flotilla remained at a low level. Its position improved somewhat after the transfer in 1894 to the Far East of the Mediterranean squadron under the command of Rear Admiral S.O. Makarov.
20th century
The crews of the ships of the 2nd Pacific Squadron covered themselves with eternal glory - the battleships "Borodino", "Prince Suvorov", the squadron battleship "Navarin", the coastal defense battleship "Admiral Ushakov" and others who died in the Battle of Tsushima (May 14-15, 1905) .
The tragic outcome of the Russo-Japanese War revealed the need to strengthen naval forces in the Pacific. By 1914, the Siberian military flotilla already included two cruisers, nine destroyers, ten destroyers, and eight submarines.
During the First World War (1914-1918), part of the ships of the Siberian Flotilla was transferred to other fleets, and the remaining ships were escorted by caravans of transports en route from the USA to Vladivostok with military cargo. In those years, the ships of the Siberian military flotilla participated in the hostilities in the Northern and Mediterranean maritime theaters.
During the years of the Civil War and military intervention (1918-1922), in July 1918, the flotilla was captured by the invaders. The sailors left the ships and took part in the battles with the invaders on land.
In those difficult years, almost the entire ship's composition was lost. Part of the ships were taken abroad, others fell into disrepair due to the collapse of the industrial and repair base.
During the recovery years National economy in the naval forces Far East there were only a few patrol ships, boats and ships of the maritime border guard.
By 1932, all ships of combat value were restored, completed and partially modernized in the fleet. The construction of new ships and combat equipment began. This was facilitated by the rapid growth of heavy industry and the entire national economy of the country. Through the efforts of the Russians, shipbuilding plants and ship repair enterprises in the Far East were expanded and reequipped.
The fleet in the Pacific was built by the entire Soviet Union. From the Baltic and the Black Sea, torpedo boats, aircraft, submarines - "babies", coastal guns were delivered by rail, the foundations of a powerful fleet were laid. On January 11, 1935, the naval forces of the Far East were renamed the Pacific Fleet (Pacific Fleet).
A significant event in the history of the fleet was the appearance in 1933 in the Far Eastern waters of the first domestic submarine built by the workers of Dalzavod.
In 1936, the first destroyers, new high-speed minesweepers and medium submarines, which had more powerful weapons and advanced mechanisms, appeared in the fleet.
For the first time in world history, having made the most difficult passage along the Northern Sea Route, the destroyers "Voykov" and "Stalin" entered the fleet, significantly strengthening the combat capabilities of the young fleet.
In 1937, the Pacific Higher naval school named after S.O. Makarova is a forge of personnel for the Pacific Fleet.
During the armed conflicts between the USSR and Japan at Lake Khasan (1938) and at Khalkhin Gol (1939), the Pacific Fleet was tested for combat readiness. For distinction in battles, 74 Pacific sailors were awarded orders and medals, and hundreds were awarded the sign "Participant in the Khasan battles."
The Great Patriotic War
During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), the Pacific Fleet not only vigilantly guarded the sea frontiers in the Far East, but also rendered all possible assistance to the fighting fronts and fleets. In 1942 alone, the Pacific Fleet sent more than 100 thousand people to the front. The total number of Pacific and Amur sailors who fought with fascist german invaders near Moscow, on the Volga, defending Sevastopol and Leningrad, North Caucasus and the Arctic, reached 153 thousand people. The forces of the fleet ensured the protection of internal and external communications, put up defensive minefields, and guarded the coast.
On final stage During the Second World War, from August 9 to September 2, 1945, the fleet, interacting with the troops of the 1st Far Eastern Front, landed amphibious assault forces in enemy ports on the Manchurian and Korean bridgeheads. Fleet aviation attacked Japanese military targets in North Korea.
Unparalleled bravery, courage and high skill showed the Pacific in battles with the Nazis and the Japanese militarists. For courage and heroism, more than 30 thousand sailors and officers were awarded orders and medals, 43 of them were awarded the title Hero Soviet Union. 19 ships, units and formations of the fleet were given the title of guards, 13 - honorary titles, 16 were awarded orders.
Second World War confirmed that it is objectively necessary for Russia to have a navy in the Pacific Ocean.
post-war period
In the post-war period, the Pacific Fleet underwent fundamental qualitative changes. It was equipped with the most perfect species armaments - submarine and surface ships, missile carriers with great autonomy of navigation, unlimited seaworthiness and strike power. All this allowed him to go from the coastal waters of the closed seas to the expanses of the oceans.
Among the first long voyages to perform combat training tasks were submarines commanded by Captain 2nd Rank Yu.V. Dvornikov, captains 3rd rank A.M. Smolin and G.S. Yakovlev.
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Alexey Zakvasin
On May 21, 1731, by decree of Empress Anna Ioannovna, the Okhotsk flotilla was formed to protect the country's Far Eastern borders. From that moment began the history of the Russian Pacific Fleet. The ships of the Pacific Squadron, later renamed the Pacific Fleet, took part in the Russo-Japanese and Great Patriotic Wars, and during the Cold War they carried out nuclear deterrence of the United States. According to the plans of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, by the 300th anniversary, the Pacific Ocean will receive more than 70 new warships and auxiliary vessels. About the glorious past and the prospects for the modernization of the Pacific Fleet - in the material RT.
- Large anti-submarine ship "Admiral Vinogradov" in the parade
- RIA News
- Vitaly Ankov
On May 21, the Pacific Fleet celebrates the 287th anniversary of its founding. The history of the Pacific Fleet began with the Okhotsk flotilla, established by decree of Empress Anna Ioannovna. For more than 100 years, the Far Eastern division of warships was based in Okhotsk, but in 1849 it changed its registration to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
In 1856, the Okhotsk flotilla was renamed the Siberian. In its composition before the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), the tsarist government quickly formed the 1st Pacific Squadron, which was destroyed in battles with superior enemy forces.
However, already in 1922, the Bolsheviks created the Naval Forces of the Far East (MSFV) from the remaining ships of the imperial fleet. In 1935, the Soviet government renamed the MSDV the Pacific Fleet.
Ships and submarines of the Pacific Fleet took part in the Great Patriotic War in the Northern Fleet. A unit was also transferred to the front marines. Among them was a sniper.
During the Cold War, the Pacific Fleet was assigned the responsibility of nuclear deterrence of the United States and monitoring of the waters of the entire Asia-Pacific Region (APR). To this end, ships of the first and second ranks were included in the fleet - aircraft-carrying cruisers, nuclear missile cruisers, destroyers, large landing ships, large anti-submarine ships and frigates.
In the 1990s, due to lack of funding, as well as changes in strategic tasks, the number of large ships of the Pacific Fleet was reduced. Moreover, in the 2000s, the programs for updating the Navy launched by the Russian leadership practically did not affect the Pacific Fleet, with the exception of its nuclear component.
Since the beginning of the 2000s, the Pacific Fleet has replenished with only two strategic cruisers, one corvette, one large missile and three landing craft.
- Guards missile cruiser "Varyag"
- RIA News
- Vitaly Ankov
On this moment The surface component of the Pacific Fleet includes 51 warships, including 16 boats and ten minesweepers. Since 1996, the heavy nuclear missile cruiser of project 1164 "Varyag", built in 1989, has remained the flagship of the Pacific Fleet.
Bet on Caliber
However, by its 300th anniversary, the Pacific Fleet will be radically updated: according to the plan of the Russian Ministry of Defense, it will receive more than 70 warships and auxiliary vessels. As the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Sergei Avakyants, noted, the modernization of the fleet is provided for by the state armament program (SAP) for 2018-2027.
So, the Pacific Fleet is waiting for the arrival of ships and submarines equipped with . We are talking about project 20380 corvettes, small missile ships (RTOs) "and diesel-electric submarines.
“Last summer we received the first ship of Project 20380 - . This year we will take the corvette "Gromky" of the same series. In total, we expect to adopt up to four corvettes with the optimal composition of weapons, and in the future - to bring their total number to eight units, ”Avakyants said.
- Corvette of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation "Perfect"
- RIA News
- Ildus Gilyazutdinov
According to the admiral, next year the Ministry of Defense will conclude a contract for the construction of six "Karakurt" with PJSC "Amur Shipbuilding Plant" and JSC "Vostochnaya Verf". Avakyants stressed that the Project 22800 ships are among the best in the RTO class in terms of seaworthiness and combat capabilities.
To date, two submarines of project 636.3, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Volkhov, are under construction at the Admiralty Shipyards. Also signed contracts for the construction of four similar submarines. It is assumed that all six submarines will be commissioned by 2023.
In addition, the Pacific Fleet is modernizing the existing ship fleet. In particular, work on the project 1234 Smerch small rocket ship will soon be completed.
Strengthening the defense
In the coming years, the Pacific Fleet is to include several nuclear-powered submarines, which will strengthen the marine component of Russia's strategic nuclear forces. It is planned that in 2020 the Pacific Fleet will receive two Project 955 Borey cruisers - the Generalissimo Suvorov and the Emperor Alexander III.
The Borei will carry solid-propellant intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) R-30 Bulava, developed in 2012. The latest missile, according to the Ministry of Defense, is invulnerable to any missile defense system. The main advantages of the Bulava are ease of maintenance and the ability to maneuver in the accelerating section.
For the Pacific Fleet, two multi-purpose nuclear submarines of project 885M Yasen-M (Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk) are also being built, which the fleet can receive as early as 2020. Western media suggest that these submarines are designed to track the movements of the US submarine fleet.
Now the Pacific Fleet includes three strategic cruisers - two Boreas (Alexander Nevsky and Vladimir Monomakh) and one nuclear submarine of project 667BDR Kalmar (Ryazan).
Cruise missiles are armed with five Project 949A nuclear-powered ships (Irkutsk, Chelyabinsk, Tver, Omsk, Tomsk), five Project 971 Schuka-B submarines (Kashalot, Bratsk, Magadan ”, “Kuzbass”, “Samara”) and eight diesel submarines of project 877 “Halibut”.
According to experts, in recent years, the Pacific Fleet has achieved the greatest success in strengthening coastal defense. The fleet received the Bastion and Bal anti-ship missile systems, the S-400 Triumph anti-aircraft missile system. The arsenal was replenished with BTR-82A armored personnel carriers and T-80BV tanks.
According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet has received modernized Ka-29 carrier-based helicopters, Il-38N anti-submarine aircraft with the modern Novella patrol system, which is capable of detecting enemy aircraft at a distance of up to 90 km, ships - up to 320 km.
An additional impetus to the development of the Pacific Fleet should be given by the restoration of the military infrastructure that began in 2010 - the Russian Far Eastern outpost. The work should mostly be completed in 2020.
- Guard of honor of the heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Peter the Great"
In the future, the Pacific Fleet may receive a base on Matua, one of the islands of the Kuril archipelago. Now the forces of the Pacific Fleet are located in Vladivostok, Fokine (Primorsky Territory), Bolshoy Kamen (Primorsky Territory) and Vilyuchinsk (Kamchatka), where strategic cruisers are deployed.
In an interview with RT, Vasily Kashin, a senior researcher at the Higher School of Economics, suggested that even in the current state of the Pacific Fleet, it is able to effectively perform the tasks of protecting borders and protecting economic resources region. However, in order to establish dominance in the expanses of the Asia-Pacific region, Russia needs to lay ships of the first and second ranks.
“The Pacific Fleet makes very intensive long-distance campaigns. Such a load increases the wear of the ship's composition. In addition, almost all ships were built in the Soviet era, and modernization will not solve this problem. They need to be replaced as scheduled. At the same time, the activity of the Pacific Fleet testifies to the high level of training of military personnel,” Kashin noted.
Order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy Russian Federation No. 235 dated April 15, 1999, the date of formation Pacific Fleet established May 21st 1731.
Even in the reign of Anna Ioannovna (1730 - 1740), information began to arrive in the capital of Russia about the attacks of the Japanese, Chinese and Manchus on the Far Eastern territories of the Russian Empire. To protect the land, sea trade routes and crafts, the Russian Far East had to build ships and vessels, placing them at military ports.
May 21st(10 - according to the old style) In 1731, the Senate established the Okhotsk military port - the first permanent naval unit of Russia in the Far East. Thus, the ships and vessels of the port of Okhotsk were the initial link in the emergence of Russian naval forces in the Far East, which played a decisive role in protecting its interests in the region, and subsequently turned into Pacific Fleet.
But as early as the first half of the 17th century, Russians began to penetrate to the Far Eastern shores of the Pacific Ocean, and constant study and development of them began. There are documents confirming the reality of the exit of Russian discoverers to the Pacific Ocean already in 1639-1641.
Previously Day of the formation of the Pacific Navy celebrated April 21st. However, historians have proven that May 21, 1731, when the Senate Decree on the establishment of the Okhotsk military flotilla, should be considered the initial date. By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, a new date of formation of the Russian Pacific Fleet.
Pacific Fleet
Pacific Fleet(Pacific Fleet) is an operational-strategic association of the Russian Navy.
Russian Pacific Fleet, as an integral part of the Navy and the Armed Forces of Russia as a whole, is a means of ensuring Russia's military security in the Asia-Pacific region.
To complete the assigned tasks Pacific Fleet includes strategic missile submarines, multi-purpose nuclear and diesel submarines, surface ships for operations in the oceanic and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, parts of coastal troops.
Main tasks of the Russian Pacific Fleet are currently:
maintaining naval strategic nuclear forces in constant readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence; protection of the economic zone and areas of production activities, suppression of illegal production activities; ensuring the safety of navigation; implementation of foreign policy actions of the government in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.)
Pacific Fleet- the largest operational-tactical association of the Russian Navy, a factor of peace and military-political balance in the Pacific Ocean and Russian Far Eastern borders.
History of the Pacific Fleet
History of the Pacific Fleet as a staff association begins only in late XIX century, but Russian sailors mastered the ocean much earlier. In the XVII-XVIII centuries, the first settlements appeared on the Kamchatka and Okhotsk coasts, founded by Cossack explorers and seafarers. Bering's "Great Northern Expedition" and other voyages of the 18th century provide Russia and the world with an accurate cartography of the North Pacific. At the same time, the development of the biological resources of the region - sea animals, whales, fish - begins. The Far East did not have close ties with Russia, and the Primorsky Territory did not belong to it at all - the modern border along the Amur and Ussuri was approved only in 1860.
At the same time, on June 20, 1860, the city and port of Vladivostok, the future capital of Russian Primorye, was founded on the shores of the Golden Horn Bay. Warships based in the city immediately became an active tool Russian politics in the region. In 1863, a squadron of six pennants under the command of Rear Admiral Popov set off for San Francisco from Vladivostok. The simultaneous arrival in New York of the Baltic squadron of Rear Admiral Lesovsky became a weighty argument in support of the Northern States in the American Civil War. Russian ships in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans became one of critical factors that prevented England from intervening in the civil war on the side of the South.
Vladivostok became the official capital of Primorye and the fleet in 1871, when the residence of the governor and the main base of the Siberian military flotilla were transferred there from Nikolaevsk-on-Amur. In 1880, regular communication was opened along the Odessa-Vladivostok line. The journey across two oceans then took 46 days. She finally connected the city and the base of the fleet with central Russia the Trans-Siberian Railway, which began operating in 1903.
At the end of the 19th century, the western Pacific became the scene of rivalry between Russia and Japan. The once friendly relations between the two countries, which allowed the Pacific squadron to spend the winter in the ice-free Nagasaki, have cooled. The strengthening of Russia in Primorye and Manchuria dealt a blow to the growing interests of Japan. The war of 1904-1905, which Japan waged on English loans with English-built ships, was lost by Russia for a number of reasons, the main of which were the incompetence of the senior command staff and the remoteness of the theater of operations from the leading industrial regions of the country. In the Far Eastern waters, the Russian fleet suffered the largest defeat in its history - in the Battle of Tsushima. This war was also remembered by the immortal exploits of the Varyag cruiser, the Steregushchiy squadron destroyer, the Admiral Ushakov coastal defense battleship - who died in battles against a vastly superior enemy.
After the defeat in the Russo-Japanese War, Russia's naval forces in the Far East were sharply limited. The Pacific Fleet is again turning into the Siberian Flotilla, intended for coastal defense. The restoration of naval forces in Primorye begins after the revolution and the civil war, in the 30s. The status of the fleet was assigned to the naval forces of the Far East on January 11, 1935. The first commander of the Soviet Pacific Fleet was the flagship of the 1st rank fleet, Mikhail Viktorov.
In the 30s of the force Pacific Fleet took part in local conflicts - fleet aviation fought air battles with Japanese aircraft during the battles near Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin Gol River. The fleet did not take part in the Great Patriotic War, but part of the submarines and destroyers Pacific Fleet moved to the North, where she participated in the battles. The main task of the fleet was to protect the sea borders and Far Eastern communications of the USSR in the event of a war with Japan. In the summer of 1945, the Pacific Fleet and the Amur Flotilla actively participated in the hostilities against Japan. Fleet ships landed troops on southern Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.
First post-war years Pacific Fleet continued to carry out defensive tasks - the USSR was significantly inferior in sea power to its opponents in the Cold War. The capabilities of the fleet increased after the appearance in its composition of the latest at that time light cruisers of project 68bis, destroyers of projects 30bis and 56, diesel submarines of projects 611 and 613 - new combat units allowed the fleet to "break away from the coast" and go to the ocean.
After the appearance of nuclear submarines in the fleet, the basing system has undergone significant changes. The nuclear-powered ships, which, in order to carry out combat missions, needed free access to the operational space, not constrained by the narrowness of the straits, received a base in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. From the mid-60s to the end of the 80s, the Pacific Fleet of the USSR solved various tasks. Chief among them were: combat duty of strategic missile submarines in readiness for a nuclear strike, tracking aircraft carrier strike groups and nuclear submarines of the "probable enemy" and ensuring the Soviet presence in the Indian Ocean, where the 8th operational squadron of the USSR Navy was serving . In addition, having the most powerful marine grouping among the Soviet fleets, the Pacific Fleet was supposed to ensure the landing if necessary. Soviet troops in the Japanese islands.
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Any state at all times could be characterized by analyzing three main aspects, namely: the level of freedom of citizens, the prevailing method of regulating social relations, the development of law enforcement agencies and the armed forces. The last element has great importance even in the modern world. It would seem, why do we need a strong army today, if most of the large-scale military conflicts were over in the 20th century? After all, there are simply no really significant international problems today. Nevertheless, the 21st century, as recent events have shown, is not an "oasis" of stability. Most states do not trust other representatives of the international arena. Such a mode of interaction is a time bomb, which in the future may develop into a full-fledged war. To prevent this from happening, states are obliged to build up military power to suppress any kind of provocation. It should be noted that in some states today there are already highly mobile and combat-ready units. The Russian Federation is one such country. As part of its armed forces, there is the Pacific Navy, which has an extremely interesting story and a number of characteristic features.
Navy of the Russian Federation
The fleet is the main combat group on the water. Throughout history, this type of troops has modernized and become more deadly. As for Russia, our state has not always been famous for its developed naval forces, when compared with similar units of England, Spain and Portugal. Nevertheless, the "exit to Europe" cut through by Peter I made it possible to develop a new sector of military art. Today, the Navy of the Russian Federation is one of the components of the armed forces of the state. It has its own structure and a number of functional tasks that differ in specifics. 
Composition of the Navy
The structure of the Navy can be viewed from two positions. In the first case, it is necessary to take into account the individual units that are part of the presented branch of the armed forces. To date, the Russian Navy has:
surface and submarine forces; naval aviation; coastal troops of the fleet.
But in addition to dividing into specific power structures, the entire Navy of the Russian Federation is divided into certain parts, formed by strategic necessity and territorial location. In accordance with this, there are:
Baltic.Northern.Caspian.Black Sea.Pacific Fleet.
The last grouping is one of the largest, given the number of equipment and personnel.
Russian Navy - Pacific Fleet
Today, the Russian Federation is one of the largest countries in terms of territoriality. The fleet in this case is a way to protect the main outlets of the state to the oceans. The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy is a military group of the military branch of the same name, which is part of the Armed Forces of the state. It contains a large number of special technical means. With their help, the group ensures security in the Asia-Pacific region.
The truly legendary history of the presented military group determined its popularity and authority. This fact is manifested in the existence memorable date dedicated to this structural unit armed forces. Thus, May 21 is the day of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy.
Imperial period in the history of the Pacific grouping of the Navy
The territory of the Russian Federation stretches for many kilometers. Therefore, the state has many outlets to the sea. But the Pacific Fleet did not always exist. The starting point in its history is 1716, when the Okhotsk military port was created. For a long time, this location was the main naval base in the Far Eastern territories. The next stage in the development of the structural element of the Navy was 1731. This date marked the appearance of the Okhotsk military flotilla, the decree on the creation of which was given by Empress Anna Ioannovna.
The Pacific Fleet received its first baptism in 1854. From August 18 to 24, two ships, the Aurora and the Dvina, resisted the superior Anglo-French squadron. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Russian Empire began to increase the power of the Pacific grouping in connection with the aggravation of conflicts with Japan. During this period, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy is based at a point known as Port Arthur. 
In 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, most of the imperial fleet was destroyed, as the enemy forces at sea were superior.
The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy played a significant role in the process of establishing the power of the Soviets in the Far East in 1917. Most of the sailors of the group fought for the formation of the "red" regime. However, the Pacific Fleet was disbanded in 1926. The restoration of the unit took place only after 6 years. And already in 1937, the Pacific Naval School began to function. During the Second World War, the unit fought the Germans and the Japanese.
After the acquisition of independence by the Russian Federation, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy, the composition of which is presented in the article, began to develop rapidly. The evolution of this division of the armed forces is explained quite simply. The Far East represents an important strategic importance. Therefore, its protection is paramount. In accordance with this, in 2000, a total technical renovation of the Pacific Fleet begins.
To date, the presented unit is one of the most combat-ready, if we analyze the entire structure of the Navy. The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy, whose contacts can be found on the Internet, has a whole range of functional areas, which will be presented below. 
The main tasks of the grouping
Today, many questions arise about what the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy does, the composition of which is presented in the article? Even despite the relatively peaceful climate prevailing throughout the international community, the military group mentioned in the article performs a huge number of functional tasks.
The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy ensures the maintenance of strategic forces in combat readiness to deter possible nuclear aggression. The group protects the main economic regions in the region under its control. It ensures the implementation of any kind of foreign policy actions: business visits, exercises, peacekeeping operations, etc. The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy, whose photo is presented in this article, is also engaged in ensuring the safety of navigation.
Thus, the subdivision implements important tasks on the territory of the Far East region. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the performance of the main functions in the Sea of Okhotsk, several bases of the group operate at once. Today, there are five main places where the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy is located. Vladivostok is the main base. In addition to it, the technical and personnel of the group is located in Fokino, Bolshoy Kamen, Vilyuchinsk and Sovetskaya Gavan. Thus, the Far Eastern border is blocked in several directions at once, which allows the formation to more effectively implement its tasks.
Technical equipment of the Pacific Fleet
The composition of the Far Eastern grouping of the Navy today includes a large number of equipment different type. Today, the basis of the Pacific Fleet are the following technical means, namely:
submarine cruisers; nuclear and diesel-type submarines; surface ships that operate in the near sea and ocean zones; missile-carrying, anti-submarine, fighter aircraft. 
If we analyze the technical component of the Pacific Fleet in more detail, then it is based on the Orlan project cruisers, the Sarych destroyers, the Albatros small anti-submarine ships, the Molniya missile boats, the Grachonok anti-sabotage boats, etc. types are large and small nuclear submarines "Antey" and "Pike-B".
Features of the organizational structure of the Pacific Fleet
It should be noted that in the structure of the unit there are not only submarine and surface forces, but also some special formations. For example, marine groups, anti-aircraft missile units and electronic warfare units are of great importance. These formations ensure the effective implementation of functional tasks, as well as high level security on the Far East borders.
But a logical question arises, what is the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy famous for, in addition to the mentioned technical base? The answer is the legendary flagship Varyag.
Flagship of the Pacific Fleet
The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy, whose base is located in Vladivostok, includes the main, leading ship. The flagship of project 1164 "Varyag" was launched in 1982. Despite its age, the ship is perfectly suited for modern combat missions. It is capable of speeds up to 32 knots. The autonomy of swimming can last about 30 days. The Varyag can carry 680 crew members on board and cover a distance of 7,000 miles. The displacement of the ship is 11,300 tons. 
As for military power, the Varyag missile cruiser can compete with many modern ships. The armament of the flagship consists of several elements. This:
helicopter "Ka-27"; 2 anti-aircraft complexes of the "Osa" type; 2 torpedo tubes; 8 anti-aircraft missile systems "Fort"; 16 installations of the "Volcano" type; 6 installations "AK-630"; one installation "AK-130".
Thus, the ship, taking into account its technical characteristics, can carry the flagship status with dignity.
flagship activity
Even taking into account the authoritative status of the Varyag ship, it is a combat missile cruiser that can be used to perform combat missions, as already mentioned earlier. The most striking examples of the flagship's recent activities are its participation in several operations. Firstly, the Varyag took part in the Russian-Indian naval exercises, which took place in 2015 from December 7 to 12. Secondly, on January 3, 2016, the cruiser replaced the Moskva ship and ensured the completion of the combat mission. Its main goal was to cover the air group of the Air Force of the Russian Federation, which was operating at that moment in Syria. All goals set for the flagship were achieved. Therefore, by the summer of 2016, the ship returned to Vladivostok with the entire crew on board.
Conclusion
So, we tried to find out the technical condition and the main tasks that the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy carries out. Vladivostok is the main base of formation today. It should be noted that the group is one of the deadliest and most developed units in the Russian Armed Forces. Therefore, there is no need to worry about the security of the Far Eastern maritime borders of our state.
The formal date of foundation of the Pacific Fleet of Russia, the largest operational-tactical association of the Russian Navy today, is May 21 (10 old style) May 1731. On this day, by decree of the Senate, the Okhotsk military flotilla was established and the place of its base was determined - the newly created Okhotsk military port. This date was established by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy dated April 15, 1999 as the birthday of the Pacific Fleet. Ironically, that order practically coincided with another, informal date for the founding of the Pacific Fleet - April 21: on this day in 1932, Order No. 1 was issued for the Naval Forces of the Far East.
If we briefly return to the events of the 18th century that determined the history of the Pacific Fleet, we can see that the first real warships in the Far East appeared only in 1799, when, on the orders of Emperor Paul I, three frigates and three small ships went to Okhotsk - the first-born of a constantly operating military flotilla. After the defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the fleet in the Pacific Ocean became world famous military force, and as a result of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, alas, it actually ceased to exist: by the beginning of World War I, the Siberian military flotilla included only two cruisers, 8 destroyers, 17 destroyers and 13 submarines. But also from those by 1922, when Soviet authority for the first time undertook the creation of the Naval Forces of the Far East, there was nothing left: all the ships were far from new, and they were not enough for a long time. Therefore, in 1926, the connection was disbanded, and only five years later, Moscow again returned to the idea of restoring the navy in the Pacific Ocean. But this time it was a real strategic decision, which eventually led to the creation of one of the most powerful fleets in the world.
The cruiser Zhemchug as part of the Siberian Flotilla. Photo: wikipedia.org
The final decision that in the Pacific Ocean the navy was not only necessary, but required immediately in order to prevent the occupation of the Soviet Far East, was made at the end of the summer of 1931. The reason for this was the visit of the military commission headed by People's Commissar of Defense Kliment Voroshilov to Vladivostok, from which the first red marshal brought an unequivocal and disappointing conclusion: "The capture of Vladivostok is a simple expedition that can be entrusted to any dummy adventurer."
When on September 18, 1931, the Japanese Kwantung Army invaded China and the state of Manchukuo, controlled from Tokyo, appeared on the eastern borders of the USSR, the words of the people's commissar began to be perceived as prophetic. And on February 25, 1932, the Revolutionary Military Council adopted the "Action Plan for the Formation of the MSDV", that is, the Naval Forces of the Far East. They did not come up with a new name for the Pacific Fleet - they managed to get by with acquaintances since 1922. Moreover, this name corresponded to the accepted system for naming fleets in the USSR of that period: the naval forces in the Baltic and the Black Sea were called in the same way.
The commander of the new formation was appointed on March 15, 1932. He was the current head of the Baltic Sea Naval Forces, a graduate of the Naval Cadet Corps (graduated in 1913 with honors), a participant in the First World War and the Civil War, Mikhail Viktorov. The appointment was logical: it was impossible to train a sufficient number of sailors in the shortest possible time, primarily commanders capable of forming a new fleet practically from scratch, and it was necessary to second specialists from Kronstadt and Sevastopol to the Far East. And it was most convenient to do this when they were called by an authoritative commander - well, except, of course, for political opportunities (and the Communist Party and Komsomol immediately announced the call for communists and Komsomol members to the new fleet).
The first order of the new Commander of the Naval Forces of the Far East, issued on April 21, 1932, announced formations, units, ships and institutions of the new fleet. According to the document signed by Viktorov, the MSDV included: a blocking and trawling brigade (consisting of the Stavropol, Tomsk and Erivan minelayers), the Krasny Vympel patrol ship, coastal defense units - the 9th artillery brigade and the 12th Air Defense Regiment and air force- 19th heavy air brigade and 111th long-range reconnaissance squadron. In addition to them, the Vladivostok military port became part of the new formation, and Russky Island and the Vladivostok bays of the Golden Horn and Uliss became the bases.
On paper, everything looked menacing and solid, but “in metal” everything was much more deplorable. Minzag "Stavropol" (later renamed "Voroshilovsk") was a former transport ship "Kotik", once bought for the polar expedition of Grigory Sedov. "Tomsk" and "Erivan" were merchant transports, which by the time the order was issued had not even been transferred to the jurisdiction of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Fleet and were only going in for re-equipment. And the guard ship "Red Pennant" was built in 1910 as a yacht for the needs of the Kamchatka governor, and only in 1922, due to great poverty, was reclassified into a warship.
All this meant one thing: in order to create a full-fledged fleet in the Pacific Ocean, special, previously not undertaken efforts and completely new solutions are needed. And they were able to find them in Moscow. First of all, it was decided to rely on a small and submarine fleet, and to speed up the process, the ships were laid down at shipyards in Leningrad and Nikolaev, and from there they were transferred by rail to Vladivostok. That is how on May 11, 1932, the first 12 torpedo boats of the Sh-4 type, built by Leningrad shipbuilders, arrived at the disposal of the MSDV. These were the first ships of a special military construction that became part of the new fleet. And less than a month later, the torpedo boats already went to sea for reconnaissance and coordination of crews. By the way, the personnel for the new ships often arrived with them: they were officers and sailors from Kronstadt and Sevastopol.
The next major addition to the Naval Forces of the Far East was 12 submarines of the Shch type, V series. They were laid down at the Baltic Shipyard back in December 1931, that is, even before the decision to create a fleet in the Pacific Ocean was documented. They built boats with a colossal effort of all forces and means, and therefore coped with the task quite quickly: already on June 1, 1932, the first echelon with sections of the Shch-type submarine set off from Leningrad to Vladivostok. Technologically, the issue of completing the construction of the boats was solved simply: at the Vladivostok Dalzavod (hereinafter Plant No. 202) and at the Khabarovsk Ship Mechanical Plant (No. 368), the submarines were reassembled from the sections delivered by rail and a set of equipment and launched into the water. The fleet managed to cope with the delivery of all 12 Shch-type boats in just five months, from June 1 to October 7. September 23, 1933 on the first two Pacific boats Shch-11 "Karas" and Shch-12 "Bream" (later renamed Shch-101 and Shch-102) raised naval flags, and by the end of September 1934 entered service the whole dozen boats of this type.
By this time, work was already in full swing in Vladivostok to prepare for the delivery to the fleet of the second series of submarines - type "M". 28 submarines of this type went to the Far East - almost the entire VI series, with which the history of the Malyutok began. The first boats of type "M", which could be transported by rail almost entirely, removing only the wheelhouse and equipment, set off from Nikolaev to Vladivostok on December 1, 1933 and arrived on the spot on January 6, 1934. A little over three months later, on April 28, the first two "Baby" - M-1 and M-2 - entered the MSDV, and the last, 28th boat of this series - M-28 - in August 1935 became part of the Pacific Fleet , which was renamed the Naval Forces of the Far East on January 11, 1935.
The Far Eastern naval forces were also growing with new surface ships. In 1931-1935, in Leningrad and Nikolaev, for the Far East, six Hurricane-type patrol boats were laid down, named Snowstorm, Blizzard, Thunder, Burun, Lightning and Zarnitsa. Like submarines, after construction they were dismantled into sections, which were sent to Vladivostok by rail, then reassembled and launched. In 1936, several ships of the Baltic and Black Sea fleets crossed the Northern Sea Route to Vladivostok. And by the same time, the Far Eastern shipyards began to work at full capacity.
By 1939, the Pacific Fleet included more than 100 ships and submarines, including 13 of the newest C-type submarines. By the way, it was in the Pacific Ocean that for the first time in the history of the Russian Navy, submarines became the main striking force of a single fleet. And by the beginning of the war with Japan in 1945, the Pacific Fleet was already quite a formidable force: it included two cruisers, a leader, 12 destroyers, 19 patrol ships, 10 minelayers, 78 submarines and over 300 smaller warships. Moreover, command personnel for them were trained not only in Leningrad and Sevastopol, but also on the spot: since 1937, the Pacific Naval School named after Admiral S.O. Makarov in Vladivostok.
These cadres then clearly manifested themselves not only in the Far East, but also in all other maritime theaters of military operations. So, for example, the future admiral, commander-in-chief of the Navy Sergey Gorshkov, after being transferred to the MSDV, became the navigator of the Tomsk minesag, and then the flagship navigator of the entire barrage and trawling brigade. In the same brigade, the future commander-in-chief of the Northern Fleet during the Great Patriotic War and the post-war commander of the Baltic Fleet Arseniy Golovko served as a flagship miner. And Admiral Nikolai Kuznetsov, who became the youngest People's Commissar of the Navy in the Soviet Union, was transferred to Moscow from Vladivostok in March 1939, after being first deputy and then commander of the Pacific Fleet.
Further in the rubric Capture of Navarino - the first major Russian victory in the Mediterranean On April 21, 1770, a Russian landing detachment under the command of Ivan Abramovich Gannibal captured the fortress of Navarin Read in the "History" section Daria Saltykova - the most famous sadist The case behind the investigation of the crime of the bloody lady was under the personal control of Catherine II
Back in 1730, during the reign of Anna Ioannovna, there were reports of attacks by the Chinese, Japanese and Manchus on the territory of the Russian Empire. To protect the lands, sea trade routes and crafts, the Russian Far East built ships and ships and placed them at military ports.
On May 21, 1731, the Senate established the military port of Okhotsk, which was the first permanent naval unit of Russia in the Far East. So the ships and vessels of the Okhotsk military port became the initial link in the formation of the Russian naval forces in the Far East, and later turned into the Pacific Navy. Previously, the day of the formation of the Pacific Navy was celebrated on April 21, but historians argued that May 21, 1731 should be considered the date of the formation of the Pacific Navy.
Only at the end of the 19th century did the history of the Pacific Fleet as a regular association begin. On June 20, 1860, on the shores of the Golden Horn Bay, the city and port of Vladivostok was founded, which became the capital of the Russian Primorye. The warships that were based in the city were an active instrument of Russian policy in the region. Russian ships in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans were one of the main factors that prevented the invasion of England in civilian life. In 1871, the city and port of Vladivostok became the official capital of Primorye and the fleet, the residence of the governor and the main base of the Siberian military flotilla were moved here. The city and port of Vladivostok was connected with central Russia by the Trans-Siberian railway, opened in 1903.
The West Pacific at the end of the 19th century became a theater of rivalry between Japan and Russia. The friendly relations of the two states cooled, which allowed the Pacific squadron to spend the winter in the ice-free Nagasaki. The war of 1904-1905 was lost by Russia for many reasons. Russian fleet in its history, suffered the largest defeat - in the Tsushima battle. The war will remain in the memory of the exploits of the cruiser "Varyag", the destroyer "Guarding", the coastal defense battleship "Admiral Ushakov".
The sunken cruiser "Varyag"
After the war, the Pacific Navy again becomes the Siberian Flotilla, intended for coastal defense. The naval forces of the Far East acquired the status of a fleet only on January 11, 1935. The first commander of the Pacific Fleet of the USSR was the flagship of the 1st rank fleet, Mikhail Viktorov.
The Pacific Fleet of the USSR did not take part in the Great Patriotic War, but part of the destroyers and submarines of the Pacific Fleet took part in the battles in the North, defended the sea borders and Far Eastern communications of the USSR in the event of a war with Japan. The Amur Flotilla and the Pacific Fleet of the USSR in the summer of 1945 took part in the hostilities against Japan.
During Manchurian operation In 1945, the naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet attacked airfields, naval bases and other facilities in North Korea. The Pacific Fleet of the USSR laid minefields, disrupted enemy shipping, assisted the troops of the Far Eastern Front, landed troops, and participated in the South Sakhalin and Kuril operations of 1945.
In the post-war years, the Pacific Fleet of the USSR continued to carry out defensive tasks - the country was significantly inferior in sea power to its enemies in the Cold War. The potential of the Red Banner Pacific Fleet increased after the appearance of modern destroyers of project 30bis and 56, light cruisers of project 68bis, diesel submarines of project 611 and 613, which allowed the Pacific Fleet of the USSR to enter the ocean.
After the appearance of nuclear submarines in the Red Banner Pacific Fleet, the basing system also changed. To perform combat missions, the nuclear-powered ships needed free access to the operational space, so they received a base in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. From the mid-1960s to the end of the 1980s, the Pacific Fleet of the USSR performed various tasks: the duty of strategic missile submarines, tracking nuclear submarines and aircraft carrier strike groups of the "probable enemy" and ensuring the presence of the USSR in the Indian Ocean. In addition, the Pacific Fleet of the USSR, which had the most powerful marine grouping among the Soviet fleets, was supposed to carry out the landing of Soviet armies on the Japanese islands if necessary.
The Russian Pacific Fleet is an operational-strategic formation of the Russian Navy. The Russian Pacific Fleet is an integral part of the Russian Navy and Armed Forces. The strategic task of the Pacific Fleet is to ensure the military security of the Russian Federation in the Asia-Pacific region. The headquarters of the Pacific Fleet is located in Vladivostok.
Headquarters of the Pacific Fleet
To carry out strategic tasks, the Russian Pacific Fleet has strategic missile submarines, multi-purpose nuclear and diesel submarines, surface ships of the Navy, naval missile-carrying aircraft, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, ground forces, parts of coastal troops.
The flag of the Pacific Fleet is raised on all ships of the Pacific Fleet. In our military trade online store is presented in the Navy section and you are given the opportunity to buy the Pacific Fleet flag at the best price. For the birthday of the Pacific Fleet, which, according to order No. 235 of April 15, 1999, is celebrated on May 21, you can buy a variety of gifts and unique souvenirs with Navy paraphernalia in ours.
The operational-strategic association of the Navy The Pacific Navy of Russia should:
Maintain naval strategic nuclear forces in constant readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence;
Protect economic zones and areas of production activities, stop illegal production activities;
Ensure the safety of navigation;
Carry out foreign policy actions of the government (business visits, escort operations, joint exercises, participate in peacekeeping forces).
The Russian Pacific Fleet in its current state is almost incapable of fulfilling military tasks in the Pacific theater of operations on a full scale. The Pacific Navy mainly performs operational-strategic tasks in closed inland seas, fights pirates or performs escort operations. Naval pilots of the Pacific Fleet of Russia conduct constant air patrols. Not a single search and rescue operation at sea takes place without the pilots of the Pacific Fleet.
Pacific sailors are the main force of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation. Thousands of officers and sailors of the Pacific Fleet were awarded orders and medals of the USSR. More than 50 people were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union, among them Admiral of the Pacific Fleet I.S. Yumashev, Admiral of the Fleet N.G. Kuznetsov, Rear Admiral N.V. Antonov, captain 1st rank M.G. Voronkov, Major Captain 3rd Rank G.V. Ternovsky, V.D. Korner, M.G. Bespalov, and others.
The sailors of the Pacific, strengthening the glory of Russia as a great maritime power, carry out their service with dignity and pride. The state strives to fulfill all obligations to those who choose to serve in the Navy. New housing is being built, salaries are increasing, the education system is being modernized, so serving in the Navy again becomes prestigious and honorable. The dress uniform of a sailor, like the uniform of an admiral, has always attracted the attention of girls.
Sailors of the Pacific Fleet are lovingly escorted on a great voyage. And it doesn’t matter what shoulder straps and ranks of the navy a man wears, the sailor’s uniform has always adorned him, and the girls have always loved, been proud and waited for the sailors. Voentorg "Voenpro" recommends that girls who like not only the uniform of a sailor, but also love and are waiting for sailors of the Pacific Fleet, buy as a gift incomparable with a variety of attributes of the Navy, as well as Navy shorts, Navy towels and various sizes and at an affordable price, we will deliver in a timely manner.
About 5 thousand women work and serve in the same ranks with the Pacific sailors. Of these, almost a thousand have the rank of midshipman of the Pacific Fleet, foreman and sailor of the Pacific Fleet, 20 women are officers. The traditional areas of activity of women who proudly wear military ranks navy, are medicine, communications, programming, military science and military economy. And some even carry an anti-piracy watch.
Sailors are united by one common cause, belonging to a special caste of people, as well as one "sea" holidays. Ceremonial parade formations, where sailors of the Pacific Fleet, midshipmen of the Pacific Fleet, officers and captains stand shoulder to shoulder, are an integral part of any professional holiday.
When the Russian missile cruiser Varyag, the third ship of project 1164 "Atlant", which is the flagship of the Russian Pacific Fleet, is in a foreign port, not only the cruiser, but also dress uniform sailors, and the uniform of rear admiral.
The commander of the Pacific Fleet is Rear Admiral Sergey Avakyants, who previously served as chief of staff, he was the first deputy commander of the Pacific Fleet. The previous commander of the Pacific Fleet, Vice Admiral Konstantin Sidenko, is the head of the Vostok operational-strategic command.
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Today, the basis of the combat forces of the Pacific Navy are:
Missile cruiser project 1164 Atlant "Varyag";
Four large anti-submarine ships of project 1155 "Fregat" - BOD Admiral Tributs, BOD Admiral Vinogradov, BOD Marshal Shaposhnikov, as well as BOD Panteleev belonging to the Pacific Fleet
BOD Admiral Panteleev
Project 956 destroyer "Sarych" - destroyer Bystry Pacific Fleet;
Project 956 destroyer Fast
Three large landing ships of project 775: BDK Peresvet, BDK Nikolai Vilkov, BDK Oslyabya and one BDK of project 1171 - BDK 98;
At BDK 98
SSBN project 667BDR "Kalmar" - "St. George the Victorious" and "Podolsk";
SSBN project 667BDR Podolsk
Two nuclear submarines with cruise missiles (SSGN project 949A) - K-456 "Tver" and K-18 "Omsk";
K-186 "Omsk" with open covers of the launchers of the "Granit" missile system
One multi-purpose nuclear submarine (ICAPL of project 971) - "Samara";
Five diesel-electric torpedo submarines (DEPL) of project 877
The situation with missile cruisers looks depressing, the largest ship, the nuclear-powered missile cruiser Admiral Lazarev, has been laid up since the late nineties. Another missile cruiser of the Pacific Fleet is in service and is its flagship of the Pacific Fleet. The missile cruiser Varyag actively participates in various exercises and campaigns, according to experts, the guards missile cruiser Varyag will last another 15-20 years, timely modernization can significantly increase this period.
In the composition of the ships of the Pacific Fleet, BOD ships stand out favorably. All four ships of the BOD - BOD Admiral Tributs, BOD Admiral Vinogradov, BOD Marshal Shaposhnikov, as well as the BOD Panteleev belonging to the Pacific Fleet are in service and can perform assigned tasks. For example, on May 6, 2010, Pacific sailors from the BOD Marshal Shaposhnikov released the Moscow University tanker, captured by Somali pirates off the coast of Somalia.
The situation with the Project 956 destroyers of the Pacific Fleet is much worse, only the destroyer Bystry Pacific Fleet is in service, and the destroyer Burny, Combat and Fearless destroyer are being mothballed or under repair. It is planned that all these ships will be modernized and returned to the combat strength of the ships of the Pacific Fleet.
Boats and ships of other classes are fully operational, thus, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation has 4 small missile ships of project 12341, 8 small anti-submarine ships of project 1124M and 11 missile boats of project 12411. There are 4 landing craft of projects 1176 and 11770 and the same number of large landing craft of projects 775 and 1171. The ships of the Pacific Fleet also include nine sea minesweepers of projects 266M and 1265.
An agreement was signed with France on the supply of 2 Mistral-type amphibious assault ships to Russia. The first French helicopter carrier, the Vladivostok, will reportedly be assigned to the Pacific Fleet's main base at Vladivostok, but the proper infrastructure needs to be prepared. Helicopter carriers of the Mistral type will be used to ensure the security of the Far East region, for example, the Kuril Islands.
Helicopter carrier "Vladivostok"
For universal landing ships of the Mistral type - Vladivostok and Sevastopol - which will be part of the ships of the Pacific Fleet, an impressive escort is needed. Until 2020, the destroyers of project 956 "Sarych" will be repaired and modernized. Two Project 956 destroyers - the destroyer Stormy and the Fearless destroyer - after modernization should return to service before 2020. Formally, the Project 956 destroyer Combat is part of the ships of the Pacific Fleet, but its fate is not yet clear.
On February 17, 2012, at the Amur Shipbuilding Plant, the project 20380 Loud corvette was laid down, on the delivery of which a series of these ships at the Amur Shipyard will depend.
In 2013, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation plans to transfer from the Northern Fleet the missile cruiser Marshal Ustinov, as well as the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Admiral Nakhimov, which is undergoing modernization at Sevmashpredpriyatie. Assigned to the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation, the nuclear-powered missile cruiser Admiral Lazarev will be modernized according to a shortened technical modernization project, which was passed by the heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Admiral Nakhimov.
Heavy nuclear missile cruiser Admiral Nakhimov
You also need to pay attention to the infrastructure. The ships of the Pacific Fleet will not be able to serve without appropriately equipped berths and infrastructure for submariners: schools, homes, hospitals, etc. All necessary work require large expenditures of financial, effort and time, but there is no choice. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the number of ships in the Pacific Fleet has halved. Now there is a potential to improve and update the Russian Pacific Fleet, and this must be used, the importance of the Pacific Ocean for the Russian Navy has remained the same, there must be a strong and combat-ready fleet.
The 36th division of surface ships is based in Fokino, it includes:
- "Varyag" - guards missile cruiser of project 11641, which has been part of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Federation since 1989.
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- "Admiral Lazarev" - a heavy nuclear missile cruiser of project 11442, which has been part of the Pacific Fleet since 1984, is now in conservation and will probably be lost.
Fearless Project 956 destroyer, in service since 1990, now under repair, with the prospect of failure.
The destroyer Combat has been in service since 1986, now in conservation and is a candidate for leaving for the “other world”.
The destroyer Burny has been operating since 1988 and was under repair in 2008.
Project 956 destroyer - "Fast" has been in service since 1989.
The 44th brigade of anti-submarine ships is based in Vladivostok, it includes:
44 brigade of anti-submarine ships
BOD Admiral Tributs (1986), BOD Admiral Vinogradov (1988), BOD Marshal Shaposhnikov (1985), and BOD Panteleev (1991) belonging to the Pacific Fleet.
Today, 165 brigade of surface ships is based in the Vladivostok region in Ulysses Bay - 11 project 12411 missile boats, of which 4 were incapacitated in 2008.
The 165th brigade of surface ships includes: 2nd Guards Missile Boat Battalion, 25th Guards Missile Boat Battalion, 11th Water Area Guard Battalion, 656th Raid Service Post, 3185th Coastal Base, 713rd Communication Center.
The 165th brigade of surface ships of the KTOF is based on Ulysses
The 19th submarine brigade is based in Primorye, which includes good diesel-electric submarines of project 877 of the Varshavyanka type. In the early 2000s, they were mostly idle because the batteries were out of order and there was nothing to replace.
19 submarine brigade, September 2007
Unique in many ways is the 100th brigade of landing ships of the Pacific Fleet - the only one in the USSR, and today in Russia, a large naval formation born in the United States of America. The naval flag of the USSR was hoisted on the first 15 landing craft on June 9, 1945 - the birthday of the brigade, which was called the landing craft detachment of the Pacific Fleet, renamed the 100 landing ship brigade in 1951. In the naval forces of the state, it was the most powerful formation of this type, the main base was Novik Bay and Ivantsev Bay.
On October 24, 1941, the 114th brigade of ships for the protection of the water area was formed, consisting of: the directorate for the protection of the raid, the directorate of the division of cutter minesweepers and the directorate of the detachment of patrol boats.
ex 38 separate brigade The RZK was transformed into the 515th separate division of reconnaissance ships. A detachment of support vessels is based in Vladivostok. Successful accomplishment of the most complex tasks of combat training is the main tradition of the 520th Separate Coastal Rocket and Artillery Brigade. According to the results of missile firing in 2010, the 520th occupier won the challenge prize of the Navy Civil Code for the 28th time.
520th brigade launches a missile attack
All these forces have weapons to fight both enemy submarines and its surface forces. The Anteys are most likely to sink enemy ships, their Granit anti-ship missiles have a combat range of 550 km, subject to accurate target designation. Today, the "antei" are forced to search for targets themselves, acoustically, so they risk dying from the enemy's PLO before they have time to strike.
The naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet received its baptism of fire in August 1938 during the fighting near Lake Khasan. The order to defeat Japan was carried out with honor by the Pacific aviators.
Today, the naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet consists of fighter, anti-submarine aviation, transport and search and rescue aviation, based on airfields in the Khabarovsk, Primorsky and Kamchatka Territories. Naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet is conditionally divided into coastal-based aviation and ship-based aviation.
Anti-submarine aviation, which includes the Tu-142 and Il-38, is designed for reconnaissance, detection, surveillance and destruction of submarines.
Tu-142
Search and rescue aviation, which includes An-26, An-12, Ka-27 helicopters, rescues and provides assistance to crews of aircraft and ships in distress.
Ka-27PS
Fighter aircraft control vast airspace.
Military transport aviation, which includes Il-18, Tu-134, An-26, An-12, Mi-8 helicopters, is designed for parachute landing of marines, passenger transportation of military cargo and personnel.
Jumping with weapons from the AN-26
Today, naval pilots routinely perform long flights over the sea and conduct air patrols. Two helicopter crews carry out anti-piracy watch on long-distance cruises.
In 1998, the most floating and largest brigade of OSNAZ ships in the fleet, which completed more than 620 combat services, also died. As part of the Pacific Fleet, instead of a brigade, a separate division of reconnaissance ships remained.
Now Sakhalin is defended by the 39th motorized rifle brigade with fewer than 5,000 people. It has 18 Grad launchers, 36 Giacint-S guns, eighteen 120-mm Sani cannons, six hundred-millimeter Rapier guns, and 18 Shturm-S anti-tank systems. Air defense has twelve air defense systems of the Osa type, six of the Strela-10 type, and 6 new Tunguskas. Of the armored vehicles, there are 80 T-80 tanks and 120 MTLBs. It is high time to re-equip the Burevestnik to receive heavy transport aircraft and base combat aircraft. It was necessary to put a full-fledged air defense unit with medium and long-range air defense systems on the islands. And now the question is: how long will such a "rati" last against the attacking Japan? Without nuclear weapons, unfortunately, we are waiting for Tsushima-2, crushing and shameful.
The Marines are the elite of the Navy. " Black Death”, “Black Devils” is how opponents call warriors dressed in mandatory uniforms and black berets. The Marine Corps of the Pacific Fleet is capable of striking the enemy from the sea, air, land, and in the theater of operations to change the position in a matter of hours ...
The Marine Corps of the Pacific Fleet is deployed in Primorye and the Kamchatka Territory.
Marine Corps units of the Pacific Fleet:
Vladivostok 55th Marine Division, which includes: 165th Cossack Marine Regiment, 106th Marine Regiment - disbanded on December 1, 2007, 390th Marine Regiment, 84th Separate Marine Tank Battalion. As well as the 921st artillery regiment of the marines, the 923rd anti-aircraft missile regiment of the marines, the 263rd separate reconnaissance battalion of the marines, and the 1484th separate communications battalion of the marines.
The 40th separate Krasnodar-Kharbinsk twice Red Banner brigade of the marines - on its basis the 3rd separate regiment of the marines was formed.
186 separate naval engineering battalion.
The combat 55th marine division of the Pacific Fleet, based on the first regiment of marines created in 1806, has written many valiant pages in the history of the Russian fleet. The fighters of the division more than once performed their international duty in various countries friendly to Russia. Marines of the Pacific Fleet participated in the liberation of the cities of Argun, Grozny, Shali in the North Caucasus. The personnel of the 55th Marine Division of the Pacific Fleet annually participates in a military parade in Vladivostok.
MP Pacific Fleet of the Armed Forces of the USSR in 1990 amounted to 5 thousand people. Now the marines of the Pacific Fleet have 2.5 thousand people in the 155th brigade and 1.2 thousand people in the 3rd separate regiment of marines. The 55th division of the MP Pacific Fleet was reorganized on June 1, 2009 into the 155th brigade of the MP Pacific Fleet, after the abolition of the tank, artillery and anti-aircraft missile regiments.
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For the first time in the last 20 years, units of the Marine Corps of the Pacific Fleet in the course of bilateral command and staff exercises of the Eastern Military District made an air and sea landing on the coast of Sakhalin Island. Since 2008, the Marines of the Pacific Fleet have been participating in international anti-piracy operations. Now, as part of the 8th detachment of ships of the Pacific Fleet, the marines of the Pacific Fleet are moving from Vladivostok to the Gulf of Aden to escort caravans of merchant ships and protect them from possible attacks by pirates.
Combat swimmers of the anti-sabotage service of the Pacific Fleet regularly conduct training to patrol the waters of their bases. During the exercise, Pacific Fleet special forces soldiers work out the protection of warships that are on the outer and inner roadsteads, detect and neutralize disguised explosive devices. In normal times, the special forces of the Pacific Fleet are also engaged in peaceful affairs, participate in reconnaissance of the seabed, in particular at the construction site of the APEC summit facilities, and inspect the underwater part of port facilities.
Service in the marines is not easy, but despite all the difficulties accompanied by the marines of the Pacific Fleet, people who served in the marines of the Pacific Fleet remain devoted to her for life.
The Marine Corps of Russia celebrates its birthday on November 27, our military trade online store offers, as well as flags in a car with a sucker Marines, a flag Marine Corps on a car with a bracket and other paraphernalia of the Marine Corps.
Air Force and Navy, such a structure allows maximum security state borders and defending the interests of our country. In recent years, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has placed particular emphasis on the development of the Navy, and in particular the Pacific Ocean.
Definition
The Navy includes four military formations: the Baltic, Black Sea, Northern and Pacific Fleets, as well as a flotilla on the Caspian Sea. Each of these paramilitary units performs many important tasks, the main of which is to ensure the security of the borders of the Russian Federation.
For several decades, ships of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy have been permanently stationed in the Asia-Pacific region. All countries have long been accustomed to reckon with the paramilitary naval forces of the Russian Federation, the territory of the operational zone of which extends from the Northern Arctic Ocean up to western borders Indian Ocean.
The Pacific Association is an operational-strategic association of the Russian Navy. It consists of surface and submarine ships, aviation, ground and coastal troops.
Story
In the 17th century, the authorities of the Russian Empire first paid attention to the Pacific region. The Cossack centurion Ivan Moskvitin is called the discoverer of the Far Eastern seas, it was his team that found an outlet to the Sea of Okhotsk, formerly called the Great Lamskoye. After the first successful travels several more research expeditions were organized, so the industrialist F. A. Popov was able to go along the mouth of the Kolyma to Kamchatka and even to the Anadyr prison.
The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy dates back to the 18th century, when the only Russian shipbuilding port in the Far East was founded in Okhotsk, where the first warship Vostok was launched a little later. Thanks to the newly built base, it became much easier for explorers and industrialists to continue exploring the coasts of the Far East and exits to China and America. In 1721, the first map of these shores was drawn up, and a few years later, by decree of Empress Anna Ioannovna, the Okhotsk military flotilla was officially formed here.
Combat history
At first, the activity of the newly created fleet was aimed at carrying out sentinel service, protecting newly discovered lands and ensuring the safety of fisheries. Also, the base of various kinds of research expeditions, among which were industrialists, merchants and scientists, was constantly located here. For example, two ships were built here, on which Vitus Bering made his famous travels and discoveries.
In the middle of the 18th century, the government of the country finally realized how important the strategic importance of this region was, the best ships and frigates of the empire were sent here, and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky became the main base of the fleet. For many years, the warships of the Pacific region have carried out the most important combat missions. So, in 1900, the Russians took a direct part, together with other European powers, in suppressing an uprising in one of the provinces of China. The fleet suffered heavy losses during the Russo-Japanese War, at that time the enemy was better equipped, and besides, he acted suddenly.
In 1941, most of the equipment was redirected to the Northern Fleet to fight the Nazi troops. And during the period of cold war between the USA and the USSR, ships and submarines with a nuclear arsenal, at that moment located in this region, became a deterrent in the confrontation between the two world powers. Today, the ships of the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy, as well as other military equipment, including nuclear, provide round-the-clock protection of the interests of our country on the eastern borders.
Pacific Fleet today
After the collapse of the USSR, the Pacific Fleet, as well as the entire army of the new democratic state, was on the verge of collapse. The situation was further complicated by the fact that all military installations were very far from Moscow, and local control was very weak. For several years, warships disappeared without a trace, were sold in whole or in parts, and hundreds of criminal cases were opened on the fact of theft in relation to the highest and lowest army ranks.
Only in the last ten years, with the adoption by the government of a new vector for the development of the country's defense complex, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy finally received a new development. Every year, the fleet is replenished with new modern units of military equipment. The training of personnel has also improved, as there are fewer conscripts, they have been replaced by professional soldiers.
Development plans
Despite positive development trends, state of the art The Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy does not allow us to speak with confidence about its full training to a possible enemy attack. Practice shows that even with the current combat missions, some military units are not fully coping. Such as the prevention of attacks and the fight against sea pirates, escort operations, etc.
Therefore, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Government of the country have developed a special program for the development of the navy, which is expected to be implemented by 2020. The update will primarily affect the technical equipment of the fleet, new units of military equipment will be put into operation, including modern aircraft carriers, helicopter carriers and nuclear cruisers. The release of several new corvettes, six diesel submarines, three frigates and seven minesweepers is scheduled for 2024. And also in the plans to modernize the already functioning submarines with nuclear reactors.
Management
Since 2012, the commander of the Pacific Fleet has been Sergei Iosifovich Avakyants, born in 1958. He graduated from several prestigious naval higher educational institutions. Started service in the North, later was appointed head of staff Black Sea Fleet. Since 2014, he has been awarded the rank of admiral. He has a number of state awards for excellent service and military merit. The commander of the Pacific Fleet regularly inspects the course of reforming the navy: training of personnel, construction of new military camps, and the state of combat units of equipment.
Like other commanders of the fleets that are part of the Navy, S. I. Avakyants is directly subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral V. I. Korolev and his first deputy, Vice Admiral A. O. Volozhensky.
Main goals
In recent years, due to the change of geopolitical forces, the Pacific Fleet of the Russian Navy has become increasingly important. Its tasks are defined general provisions defense of the country, adjusted for the specifics of the region. Today, the fleet is capable of performing the following actions:
- Implement measures to contain potential nuclear attacks, to be constantly in readiness, and also, if necessary, to strike at enemy ground targets.
- Ensure the protection of territories where there is an economic interest of the state.
- Taking measures to suppress the illegal activities of citizens or organizations.
- One of the main tasks of the Pacific Fleet is to ensure the protection of the state territory from illegal crossing, control over the movement of merchant ships.
- Implementation of international operations, joint exercises, anti-terrorist actions, etc.
In the event of real hostilities, the duties of the fleet include the destruction of enemy groupings at sea, the violation of enemy sea lanes, while protecting their own, as well as landing and other strategic tasks dictated by a specific situation.
Fleet Composition
Most of the military equipment of the Pacific Navy was produced in the 80s and today requires serious modernization. Part of the existing arsenal still remains in the repair docks, while some were generally decided to be disposed of.
Today, the Pacific Fleet includes the following combat units:
- the only cruiser "Varyag", built back in 1980, it is one of the flagships of the fleet;
- the destroyer called "Fast", was launched in 1987, based in Vladivostok;
- anti-submarine ships, among the three created under the Gadfly project;
- four conventional rocket ships and eleven large ones, produced back in the Soviet period;
- eight anti-submarine ships under the Albatross - Kholmsk project;
- boats designed to commit sabotage behind enemy lines;
- eight minesweepers;
- five conventional landing craft, as well as three large ones.
- five missile submarines;
- nuclear submarines of the Pacific Fleet carrying cruise missiles;
- nuclear submarine "Pike", designed to destroy targets of a different nature;
- in addition, six diesel submarines of the Halibut project.
Experts note that in this state, the fleet cannot fully ensure the fulfillment of combat missions to protect strategically important state territories. Therefore, the state reforms planned until 2020 should radically change this state of affairs.
Aircraft of the Navy
1932 is considered the year of creation of the naval aviation of the Pacific Fleet, and six years later the pilots managed to distinguish themselves in battles with the Japanese off the coast of Kamchatka. Over the entire existence of naval flying units, they have repeatedly performed the most important combat missions in the region, for example, fifteen officers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Today, the aviation of the Pacific Fleet has modern missile armament and is capable of making sorties in any weather conditions. It consists of fighters, anti-submarine aircraft, transporters and special units. The bases are located on the Kamchatka Peninsula, in Khabarovsk and in Primorye. Their duties include daily monitoring of the Far Eastern borders of Russia, conducting search operations, as well as conducting reconnaissance. Every year, competitions of paramilitary aviation units are held here, the purpose of which is to develop the necessary combat skills, demining equipment or buildings, and flying in extreme conditions etc.
Cooperation with other countries
Only by reforming the material and technical base it is impossible to ensure an increase in the efficiency of domestic naval troops, therefore, the Russian Ministry of Defense and the command of the Pacific Fleet annually hold large-scale international exercises in this region.
In recent years, Russia has been intensively building partnerships with China, this country has not only the largest economy in the world, but also the largest army. This rapprochement has resulted in thousands of interagency agreements, as well as regular joint strategic exercises.
Notable dates
May 21 is considered the day of the Pacific Fleet, on this day in 1731 Empress Anna Ioannovna issued a decree approving the Okhotsk military flotilla as a permanent military base Russia in the east. The holiday was established in 1999 by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, today specialized competitions and competitions between different parts are usually appointed on this day.
But many sailors call the date of birth of the modern Pacific Fleet April 21, 1932, when the Naval Forces of the Far East were formed in response to the Japanese aggression.
Scandals
In the 1990s, the command of the Pacific Fleet repeatedly found itself in criminal chronicles, many infrastructure facilities suddenly ended up in the hands of private individuals, and warships disappeared without a trace.
Scandals recent years related to the implementation of the reform, calculated until 2020. Thus, the Russian government planned to purchase a batch of Mistral helicopter carriers, the production and sale of which was carried out by France. But due to disagreement with the policy of Moscow and on some economic issues, the deal was canceled by the French side unilaterally. Russia never received the promised ships, and Paris would have to pay a huge penalty.
