The list of military ranks is established by the law of the Russian Federation "On military duty and military service". They are divided into military and ship (marine).
Naval ranks are assigned to servicemen of the submarine and surface forces of the Navy. Military applicable to ground, space and airborne troops.
Parts of the Navy
These include:
- Coastal troops. They guard strategic areas of the coastal zone. military bases Russian Federation equipped with missile systems and artillery. They have torpedo, anti-aircraft and mine weapons.
- Naval aviation covers his ships from air attack. It organizes reconnaissance, search and rescue operations, transportation and landing of detachments. Its formations are based in the Black Sea, Pacific, Northern and Baltic Fleets.
- Marines was established in 1992. It is designed to protect naval bases, defend important coastal facilities, and participate in combat operations.
Each division has its own responsibilities, but the main functions they have in common:
- protecting the country's sovereignty;
- ensuring the safety of the population;
- the use of force in the event of a threat from the sea side;
- obedience to the orders of the commander-in-chief.
Junior ranks in the Navy
The first months in the service in the Russian Navy, soldiers are called sailors. Until 1946, they were called "Red Navy". This rank is equivalent to a private in the ground forces.
To the best sailors for excellent performance official duties and observance of discipline assign a senior sailor. They can replace squad leaders during their absence. The corresponding military rank is corporal.
The squad leader is a foreman of the first or second category. These titles have been used since 1940. In the ground forces, they are equivalent to a sergeant and junior sergeant.
The deputy platoon commander is called the chief foreman. Among the army servicemen, he corresponds to a senior sergeant. A rank above him is the chief ship's foreman.
Midshipman - this military rank is assigned to persons who remain in the service in the ranks of the Navy after the expiration of the established period. They study in schools or courses. Senior midshipman - one rank higher. The ranks are equivalent to a military warrant officer and a senior warrant officer.
Naval officers
The first rank of junior officers in the navy is junior lieutenant. At the end of the term of service and successful certification, they are transferred to lieutenants.
The next step is senior lieutenant. The rank corresponds to a cavalry captain, infantry captain or captain of the Cossack troops. The highest rank of junior officers is lieutenant commander.
A captain of the 3rd rank is sometimes called a "captri". Equivalent to a Major in the Army. Abbreviated name of the captain of the 2nd rank -"kavtorang" or "kapdva". Corresponds to the lieutenant colonel of the armed forces. Captain of the 1st rank or "kapraz" is equivalent to the rank of colonel, and can command ships.
Rear admiral - the first admiral rank, established on May 7, 1940. He serves as the Deputy Commander of the Fleet. A similar rank in aviation and ground forces is major general. Above are the Vice Admiral and the Admiral. Army servicemen lieutenant-general and colonel-general are similar to them.
The post of Commander-in-Chief of the Navy is occupied by the Admiral of the Fleet. This is the highest active ship rank in the Russian Federation.
Insignia
Shoulder straps of sailors without insignia. Senior sailors have one galloon - a transverse strip. The foreman of the second article has two yellow cloth galloons, the first article has three. The epaulettes of the chief foreman have one wide stripe. The chief ship foreman has one longitudinal galloon.
Shoulder straps of midshipmen are distinguished by small stars which are located vertically. The midshipman has two stars, the senior midshipman has three.
Junior officers wear a vertical yellow stripe on their shoulder straps - clearance. They are sewn with stars measuring 13 millimeters. The junior lieutenant has one star in the gap, the lieutenant has two stars on both sides of the yellow stripe, the senior one has one in the gap and two on the sides, the lieutenant commander has two on the line and two on the sides.
Shoulder straps of senior officers have two parallel gaps and stars measuring 20 millimeters. The captain of the 3rd rank has one star between the yellow stripes, the second - one at each gap, the first - one between the lines and one on them.
Officers top level wears epaulettes with large stars and without gaps. A rear admiral has one star, a vice admiral has two, and an admiral has three. On the shoulder straps of the admiral of the fleet there is only one large star measuring 4 centimeters.
Sleeve insignia
There are yellow stripes and stars on the sleeves of officers' tunics. The highest ranks have an embroidered anchor inside the star.
The number of stripes and width vary by rank:
- a medium-sized band for a junior lieutenant;
- medium and narrow - for a lieutenant;
- two medium ones - at the senior lieutenant;
- one narrow and two medium ones - for the captain-lieutenant;
- three medium ones - for the captain of the 3rd rank, four medium ones - for the second, one wide - for the first;
- medium and wide - at the rear admiral;
- two medium and wide - at the vice admiral;
- three medium and wide - at the admiral;
- four medium and one wide - at the admiral of the fleet.
The procedure for conferring the next rank of the Navy
The law establishes the following stages of increase:
- the minimum service life for obtaining the rank of foreman of the second article is a year;
- a length of service of three years allows you to become a chief foreman;
- the same number of years is necessary to be a midshipman;
- after two years, you can get the rank of junior lieutenant, after three - lieutenant, and after another three - senior lieutenant;
- four years of further service give grounds to qualify for the captain-lieutenant, and the next four - for the captain of the 3rd rank;
- in five years you can become a captain of the 2nd rank.
For special achievements, it is possible to receive the next military rank ahead of schedule.
Video
Below you can view in detail all the insignia of the Russian Navy in presentation format.
(in order from sailor to high command) for the most part date back to those that appeared during the USSR period.
A bit of history - naval ranks and a table of ranks
As is known, in recent years the reign of Peter I, the table of ranks was put into effect. It was a table where civil and military service positions were divided into fourteen ranks. However, naval ranks were not included in every row of the table.
XIV rank among naval ranks was received by a midshipman, corresponding to a collegiate registrar, ensign, cornet and artillery bayonet junker. At the beginning of the reign of Paul I, the rank of midshipman began to refer to the XII rank. This rank also included the rank of non-commissioned lieutenant that existed until 1732.
The naval lieutenant belonged to the X rank until 1884, after which the midshipman was promoted to this rank. The rank of lieutenant, in turn, began to refer to the IX rank.
People who managed to reach the VIII rank in the Navy Russian Empire acquired the right to personal nobility. These positions included captains of the first three ranks and a senior lieutenant who appeared in the fleet shortly before the First World War. The fifth rank included the rank of captain-commander, which was finally abolished in 1827. Among the famous bearers of this title was the pioneer Vitus Bering.
Achievement in the service of the IV rank opened the door to hereditary nobles in front of a person. In the navy, people who reached the fourth and higher ranks commanded naval formations: rear admiral, vice admiral, admiral and admiral general.
This also included the rank of Shoutbenakht, which did not take root on Russian soil, and was replaced by Rear Admiral. It is noteworthy that this naval rank was used as a pseudonym by the first Russian emperor himself - “Shoutbenacht Pyotr Mikhailov”. To the III rank belonged the general-krieg commissar of the fleet, whose duties included the financial support of the naval forces. The title was abolished in 1817. The highest rank of Admiral General in the history of the Russian Empire was received by six people. Three of them were representatives of the imperial family.
Although the table of ranks ceased to operate after the creation of the USSR, many ranks reappeared in the fleet of the Soviet Union and later the Russian Federation.
Main categories of naval ranks
According to their composition, the employees of the navy can be divided into the following groups:
- Call and contract composition.
- junior officers.
- senior officers.
- senior officers.
Citizens of Russia serving in the navy for military service receive the rank of sailor. It roughly corresponds to a private in the ground forces. Sailors appeared in the fleet of the Soviet Union in 1946. Prior to this, the lowest military rank of the naval forces was called "Red Navy". 
Next comes the title of "senior sailor", which corresponds to the "corporal" of the ground forces. The senior sailor commands the group or serves as assistant to the foreman. The rank of senior sailor can be obtained by employees who observe discipline and their duties well.
The four following ranks correspond to the sergeant ranks of the ground forces:
- Foreman of the first article.
- Sergeant major of the second article.
- Chief foreman.
- Chief ship sergeant major.
Following the foremen are "midshipman" and "senior midshipman". These naval ranks correspond to the ranks of warrant officer and senior warrant officer.
The modern division of naval ranks dates back to the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, issued in 1943. He approved the division of officers into junior, senior and higher. The decree included the ranks for each group that have survived to the present day.
The junior officers of the fleet of our country are called: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander. A junior lieutenant can lead a combat post. More senior representatives of this category of officers may be assistant commanders of a ship of the fourth rank or even command such a ship.
Senior officers include captains of the first, second and third ranks. They can also be called captri, kavtorang and kaperang. These officers may be in command of military vessels of the appropriate rank.
In the modern Russian fleet, the rank of a warship is determined on the basis of the complexity of management, the size of the composition and combat power. The first rank includes cruisers, nuclear submarines and aircraft carriers. The second rank includes large landing ships, destroyers, large missile ships.
The third rank includes small missile and anti-submarine ships, medium landing ships, and minesweepers. The fourth rank includes small landing craft, torpedo boats.
higher officer ranks fleet of our country were first established in 1940 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council. This is our familiar system:
In the ground forces, these ranks correspond (in ascending order) to major general, lieutenant general, colonel general and army general. A rear admiral may lead a squadron or serve as an assistant flotilla commander. A vice admiral may command a flotilla or an operational squadron, and also serves as a deputy fleet commander. An admiral is at the head of a separate fleet. IN modern Russia one admiral of the fleet, who is the commander-in-chief of the naval forces of our country.
The title "Admiral of the Fleet" was introduced in the Soviet Union in 1940. It corresponded to "general of the army." None of the naval commanders of the country of the Soviets received it at that moment. In fact, the highest rank was admiral.
In 1944, two naval commanders received it. The first was Nikolai Kuznetsov, who at that time held the post People's Commissar fleet. He was a member of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander, and Nikolai Kuznetsov's actions to command the country's fleet were successful. In 1945, the title of "Admiral of the Fleet" was given to Ivan Isakov, who led the main naval headquarters during the war years until he was wounded.
In 1955, an additional decree was issued that corrected the highest naval ranks of the country of the Soviets. To the title of "Admiral of the Fleet" was added "Soviet Union". The holders of this rank were entitled to wear the "Marshal Star" - a distinction introduced in 1940.
This highest naval rank was abolished in 1993, because the country that was mentioned in its name no longer existed. The highest rank of naval officers became again "Admiral of the Fleet".
Introduced in 1955, the rank was personal. In the history of the Soviet state, only three people received the title of "Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union." Immediately after the introduction of a new military rank, it was received by N.G. Kuznetsov and I.S. Isakov. A year later, Kuznetsov fell into disgrace and lost his highest rank. He was returned to the naval commander posthumously during the years of Perestroika. In 1967, Sergey Gorshkov, who went through the war with the rank of rear admiral and led the construction and rearmament of the fleet in the post-war years, was awarded the highest naval rank.
The rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union corresponded in the 1960s-1990s to the rank of Marshal of the USSR. In turn, the "Admiral of the Fleet" who was below the rank corresponded to the general of the army and the marshal of the armed forces.
The commander-in-chief of the naval forces of our country can carry the rank of admiral or admiral of the fleet. Thus, the first naval officer to hold this position in post-Soviet Russia, Felix Gromov, became commander-in-chief in 1992, being an admiral. He received the rank of Admiral of the Fleet four years later, shortly before his retirement.
The next commanders-in-chief (Vladimir Kuroyedov and Vladimir Masorin) took this post as admirals, and after that they received a higher rank. Vladimir Vysotsky and Vladimir Chirkov were commanders-in-chief, remaining in the rank of admiral. Also, the current commander-in-chief Vladimir Korolev retains the rank of admiral, received in 2013.
The chiefs of the Main Staff of the Fleet, who were the first deputies of the commander in chief, as a rule, bore the rank of vice admiral or admiral. Andrei Volozhinsky, who began serving in this post in 2016, retains the rank of vice admiral.
The navy of modern Russia became the successor to the navy. Most of the senior naval officers began their service in the Soviet fleet. For this reason, the ranks in the navy in modern Russia (in order from sailor to admiral) have not undergone fundamental changes compared to the Soviet period.
Shipborne ranks in the navy are used in the Russian Navy and are assigned to sailors as far as they are able to take responsibility for the command of one or another military unit. They are also assigned to the military of the coast guard of the border troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, underwater and surface units of the Navy and naval units of the troops.
Almost all naval ranks are different from the missile and ground forces, the airborne forces and the armed forces. From 1884 to 1991, they changed due to a number of events:
- the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917;
- creation Soviet Union and its subsequent collapse 1922-1991;
- creation of the Russian Federation in 1991
Modern ranks in the navy divided into 4 categories:
1. Conscripts for urgent and contract service. This includes: a sailor, a senior sailor, a foreman of the second article, a foreman of the first article and a chief ship foreman. The senior midshipman and the senior midshipman are also included in the senior staff.
2. Junior officers of the fleet. These are: junior lieutenant, lieutenant, senior lieutenant and lieutenant commander.
3. Senior officers of the Navy. Ranks are divided: captains of the third, second and first rank.
4. The highest officers. Consists of: Rear Admiral, Vice Admiral, Admiral and Admiral of the Fleet.
Detailed description of ship ranks in ascending order
Sailor- junior rank in the navy, which corresponds to the land private. These are conscripts.
Senior sailor- a parallel to the army rank of corporal, which is assigned to a sailor for observing discipline and exemplary performance of duties. May be an assistant to the foreman and replace the foreman of the second article.
Senior staff
Sergeant major of the second article- junior rank in the senior staff, which was introduced on November 2, 1940. It is located in rank above the senior sailor and below the foreman of the first article. May be a squad leader.
Petty officer of the first article- a sailor of the fleet, who is located in rank above the foreman of the second article, but below the chief foreman. The second, as it grows in the list of senior officers, was introduced on November 2, 1940. This is the squad leader, who showed excellent results in the performance of military and organizational duties.
Chief ship sergeant major- military rank in the military navy Russian Federation and Coast Guard. He occupies a place between the foreman of the first article and the midshipman of the fleet. The naval rank of chief ship foreman corresponds to the army senior sergeant. Can replace the platoon leader.
Midshipman- a word of English origin, which is assigned to a sailor after passing the relevant training programs and courses. On land, this is an ensign. Performs organizational and combat duties as a platoon commander or company foreman.
Senior midshipman- a military rank in the Navy of the Russian Federation, which is higher in rank than midshipman, but lower than junior lieutenant. Similarly, a senior warrant officer in other branches of the military.
junior officers
Rank junior lieutenant comes from French and translates as "deputy". He occupies the first step in the junior officers, both in the ground and in naval forces. May be a post or platoon leader.
Lieutenant- the second among ranks in the navy, in rank above junior lieutenant and below senior lieutenant. Assigned upon expiration of service with the rank of junior lieutenant.
Senior Lieutenant- the naval rank of junior officers in Russia, which is higher in rank than lieutenant, and lower than lieutenant commander. With excellent performance in the service, he can be an assistant to the captain of the ship.
Lieutenant Commander- the highest rank of junior officers, which in the Russian Federation and Germany corresponds to the captain of the army of the ground forces. A sailor with this rank is considered the deputy captain of the ship and the commander of a company of hundreds of subordinates.
Senior officers
Captain 3rd rank- Corresponds to an army major. The abbreviated name of the shoulder strap is "captri". Among the duties is command of a ship of the corresponding rank. These are small military vessels: landing, anti-submarine, torpedo and minesweepers.
Captain of the second rank, or "kapdva" - the rank of a sailor in the Navy, which corresponds to a lieutenant colonel in land ranks. This is the commander of a ship of the same rank: large landing, missile and destroyers.
Captain of the first rank, or "kapraz", "kapturang" - a military rank in the Russian Navy, which is higher in rank than a captain of the second rank and lower than a rear admiral. May 7, 1940 exists among ranks in the navy, decided by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. "Kapturang" commands ships with complex control and huge military power: aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and cruisers.
Senior officer corps
rear admiral can command a squadron of ships and replace the commander of a flotilla. Adopted since 1940 and since that time corresponds to the major general of the ground forces and aviation.
Vice Admiral- the rank of sailors in Russia, which allows you to replace the admiral. Corresponds to the lieutenant general of the ground forces. Manages fleet operations.
Admiral With Dutch translated as "Lord of the Sea", therefore it is in the highest officer corps. Army employees correspond to the rank of colonel-general. Operates an active fleet.
Fleet Admiral- the highest active rank, as well as in other types of troops, army general. Manages the fleet and is assigned to active admirals with excellent combat, organizational and strategic performance.
What types of troops are assigned naval ranks?
The Navy of the Russian Federation (Russian Navy) also includes the following units:
- marines;
- coast guard;
- naval aviation.
The Marine Corps is a unit that carries out the defense of military installations, sections of the coast and other sea lines. As part of the "marines" there are sabotage and reconnaissance groups. Motto marines: "Where we are, there is victory."
The Coast Guard is a branch of the military that defends the bases of the Russian fleets and special objects of the coastal zone. They have at their disposal anti-aircraft, torpedo, mine weapons, as well as missile systems and other artillery.
Naval aviation - troops whose duties include the detection and destruction of the enemy, the defense of ships and other elements from enemy forces, the destruction of enemy aircraft, helicopters and other air structures. The aviation of the Russian Federation also carries out air transportation and rescue operations on the high seas.
How and for what is the next rank awarded to sailors?
Assignment next rank described in the current laws of the Russian Federation:
- for a senior sailor, it is necessary to serve 5 months;
- receiving a foreman of the 2nd article can be expected after a year of service;
- three years for senior sergeant and chief ship foreman;
- three years to receive a midshipman;
- 2 years for junior lieutenant;
- 3 to receive a lieutenant and a senior lieutenant;
- 4 years to get a lieutenant commander and a captain of the 3rd rank.
- 5 years to captain 2nd and 1st rank;
- for senior officers for at least a year at the same rank.
It is also worth knowing that military ranks in the navy can be assigned if the due date has not yet passed, but the military man has shown his organizational, tactical and strategic abilities. The sailor who does not want to become an admiral is bad, all the more so, it is possible. There are many examples of ambitious, ambitious sailors who became admirals.
- (French Arabic, from contre, and admiral). Naval rank, below vice admiral, equal to major general in the army. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. COUNTER ADMIRAL naval rank, corresponding to Gen. major in ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
rear admiral- a, m. contre amiral, German. Contre admiral. First (junior) admiral rank; the person who bears this rank. Sl. 18. If the admiral wishes, so that the rear admiral or the commandant of the galley division would go in pursuit with his division, it is necessary .. to shoot once. GS… … Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language
- (Rear admiral) see Admiral. Samoilov K.I. Marine Dictionary. M. L.: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF USSR, 1941 Rear Admiral military rank of senior officers of the Navy of a number of states ... Marine Dictionary
rear admiral- rear admiral / la, m. The first (junior) admiral rank in the navy of most states, as well as the person who has this rank. Related words: counter admiral/lsky Etymology: From French contre amiral. Culture of speech: First ... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
COUNTER ADMIRAL, a, husband. The first admiral rank or rank in the navy, equal to the rank of major general in the land forces, as well as the person holding this rank. | adj. rear admiral, oh, oh. Dictionary Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov
Rear Admiral, Rear Admiral... Spelling Dictionary
Exist., number of synonyms: 2 rank (113) rank (78) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary
A; m. The first (junior) military admiral rank; the person who bears this title. ◁ Rear Admiral, oh, oh. Rear admiral rank... encyclopedic Dictionary
rear admiral- rear admira / l, rear admira / la ... merged. Apart. Through a hyphen.
rear admiral- CONTR ADMIRAL, a, m The first of the highest military ranks of the admiral, assigned in the navy to employees serving beyond the established period and performing commanding functions. R. was not a poet, but a rear admiral, in which ... Explanatory dictionary of Russian nouns
Books
- The First Red Admiral, Nemitz I .. For the first time, with the involvement of materials from the family archive and the memories of loved ones, the book tells about the life and work of the "First Red Admiral", the former Rear Admiral of Russia ...
- Admiral Hornblower in the West Indies, Forester Cecil Scott. 1821. Fate brings the British Rear Admiral Hornblower to the former Napoleonic General Cambron on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. A man with the face of a wounded bird of prey arrived in...
