The history of Primorye from ancient times to the present day is rich in bright pages and memorable events. On the territory of modern Primorye, primitive tribes and peoples lived, replacing each other, and here arose medieval states. There were centuries when, it seemed, everyone forgot about these wild lands, and only a few groups of hunters and ginseng gatherers roamed the valleys of taiga rivers. But in the middle of the XVII century. Russian pioneers came to distant lands off the coast of the Pacific Ocean, and since then the history of Primorye has become the history of Russian Primorye. The pages of this story were written by researchers O. Stepanov, G.I. Nevelskoy, V.K. Arseniev and others, the first settlers from European Russia, revolutionary sailors and red partisans. This story is being written even today, when Primorye is turning into one of the most promising regions.
Man first appeared on the territory of Primorye and the continental regions of Asia in the Paleolithic era more than 30 thousand years ago. They were gatherers and hunters of mammoths, wild horses, bison, rhinos, bears, elks.
With the beginning of global warming, about 10 - 8 thousand years ago, significant changes took place in the life of the ancient population. On the territory of the region, Neolithic cultures were formed, focused on the use of a wide range of natural resources. Ancient people hunted land and sea animals, were engaged in river and coastal fishing, collecting shellfish and wild plants. They lived in small villages in semi-dugouts with hearths for heating and cooking. At this time, pottery, various tools were invented - arrowheads, adzes and axes made of stone, boats, fish hooks, harpoons, spears.
At the final stage of the Stone Age, the population of the continental part of Primorye mastered primitive agriculture. At the end of the II millennium BC. ancient people begin to use bronze tools and weapons.
At the beginning of the Iron Age - about 2800 years ago - the coastal zone of Primorye was occupied by the population of the Yankovskaya archaeological culture. People lived in large settlements all year round. Millet was grown on the coast, and barley was grown in the continental zone. They were engaged in fishing, collecting mollusks and plants, hunting. Approximately at the same time, 2300 years ago, in the western regions of Primorye, carriers of the Krounov culture (Woju tribes) appeared. Their main occupations are farming, breeding pigs, cows, horses, hunting, and fishing. From the first centuries of our era, the Ilou tribes developed blacksmithing and pottery, the construction of public buildings (roads, water supply systems) was carried out, and contacts with the cultures of neighboring territories became more active. The level of economic development and culture of the tribes of the early Iron Age of Primorye corresponded to the initial stages of the formation of a class society and early states.
In the middle of the 1st millennium AD. Primorye was inhabited by sumo moeh tribes, a state was formed, from the beginning of the 8th century. called Bohai (698 - 926). On the territory of Primorye, the southern part of which became part of Bohai from the middle of the 7th century, there were at least two territorial and administrative units: the Shuaibin region, named after the river (Suifen, Suifun, Razdolnaya), in the valley of which its center was located, and the district Yan (Yanzhou), the remains of its central city is a settlement near the village. Kraskino in the Khasansky district. From here, from Posyet Bay, the sea route from Bohai to Japan began, along which diplomatic, commercial and cultural exchanges between Bohai and the Land of the Rising Sun were carried out. Bohai cities and settlements were located on fertile lands in the valleys of the Razdolnaya, Ilista, Arsenyevka, Shkotovka, and Partizanskaya rivers. Located to the east and northeast of Bohai, the Heishui Mohe tribes experienced a strong cultural and political influence of Bohai. In 926 Bohai was destroyed by the Khitans.
After 926, part of the Heishui Moeh tribes, known from the 10th century, united. under the name of the Jurchens. The state of Jin (Golden Empire, 1115-1234) formed by them defeated the Khitan empire of Liao (916-1125) and, during the wars with the Chinese Song empire, conquered all of Northern China. During its heyday, the Jin empire occupied vast territories from the river. Huaihe in the south to the Amur Valley in the north, from the Greater Khingan in the west to the coast of the Sea of Japan in the east. On the territory of Primorye was the Jin province of Xuping with its center in the region modern city Ussuriysk. During the wars with the Mongols at the beginning of the 13th century, which ended with the death of the Golden Empire, in the territory of Eastern Manchuria, the northern part of the Korean Peninsula and Primorye, the Jurchen commander Puxian Wannu created independent state Du Xia. The Jurchens, who came headed by Puxian Wannu from the province of the Eastern Capital of Jin, built fortified cities. Many of them - Shaiginskoye and Yekaterinskoye settlements in the Partizansky district, Krasnoyarskoye near Ussuriysk, Ananievskoye in the Nadezhdensky district, Lazovskoye and others - have become objects of archaeological research, providing rich material for studying the economy, culture and socio-political structure of the Jurchens.
For the first time, Russian explorers - O. Stepanov's detachment - visited Primorye in the middle of the 17th century. However, active study and foundation of the region began in the middle of the 19th century. The intensive settlement of the region also dates back to this time.
May 26, 1861 southern lands The Far East of Russia, including the Primorsky region, were declared open for settlement by peasants and "enterprising people of all classes." Primorye was inhabited by Cossacks and peasants, demobilized ranks of the army and navy, artisans and skilled contract workers, convicts and exiles, foreigners who received Russian citizenship, and otkhodniks temporarily living here.
Only for 1861-1900. 116 thousand people arrived in the Russian Far East, including Primorye, of which almost 82% were peasants and 9% were Cossacks; for 1901-1916 287 thousand people moved here.
In 1959, the first settlements arose in Primorye - Cossack stations on the Ussuri River; in 1861-1866 first peasant villages appeared in the south of the region. In 1860 the city of Vladivostok was founded.
History of Primorsky Krai dates back to the appearance of the first settlements on the territory of Primorsky Krai, which arose in the Paleolithic era. These were settlements of gatherers and hunters of mammoths, bison, rhinos, bears, elks. IN different time the territory of Primorye was part of such states as Bohai, the Jin Empire, the Russian Empire, the Far Eastern Republic.
prehistoric period
The earliest human settlements date back to the Upper Paleolithic. The oldest of them is considered to be the cave of the Geographical Society in the rock of the Ekaterinovsky massif near the village of Ekaterinovka, which dates back to 32.8 thousand years. Researchers in this era distinguish the Osinovskaya and Ustinovskaya archaeological cultures. Osinovskaya culture is named after the first monument discovered near the village of Osinovka in the Mikhailovsky district. The first monuments of Ustinovskaya culture were discovered near the village of Ustinovka in the Kavalerovsky district in 1954.
The Neolithic site in the Devil's Gate cave, 12 km from Dalnegorsk in the upper reaches of the Krivoy River, dates back to 7742-7638 years ago. The complex of the Rudninskaya archaeological culture is most fully represented in the cave. Two samples DevilsGate1 and DevilsGate2 (5726-5622 BC) have mitochondrial haplogroups and . Textiles found in the Devil's Gate Cave are the oldest for the region of Northeast Asia. The bones of a wolf-dog found in the cave testify to the initial stage of domestication of this animal. The technology of the stone industry of the Rudna culture is a development of the traditions laid down by the local Ustinovskaya Paleolithic culture.
The Zaisanovites, who settled in the southern part of the region, were the first farmers. Traces of their earliest farming have been found in the lower layer of Krounovka-1 and date back to the 29th-27th centuries BC. e. Grains of cultivated millet were found in the settlements of Novoselishche-4 in the Khankai region and Krounovka-1 in the Ussuri region. The late stage of the Neolithic of Primorye is also represented by a group of monuments of the Valentin Isthmus type (Lazovsky District).
In the second half of the 1st millennium BC, Ilou tribes appeared in the western regions of Primorye - carriers of the Krounov culture. The Krounovskaya culture is being replaced by the Olginskaya culture, which received its name from the village of Olga, where the first settlement was discovered. In the middle of the 1st millennium AD, Primorye was inhabited by tribes that were part of the heishui mohe union.
Middle Ages
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In 1213, the Mongols capture the Jin capital, but the Emperor manages to send his son to the reserve capital in advance. Which, according to the latest archaeological data, is identified as the Krasnoyarovsk Settlement located in the Ussuriysk region of Primorsky Krai. However, this is disputed by Chinese scholars whose version is that there were two capitals. In 1231 during the First Conquest Campaign on Goryeo, the Mongol Empire destroyed the capital of the Eastern Xia - Kai. The capital was moved to the city of Yang, however, in 1233, during the Third Conquest campaign against Koryo, the Mongol troops also captured Yang, and from that moment on, the state ceased to exist for 19 years. However, more recent evidence refutes this theory. The state existed 1213-1246. During the Third campaign against Korea, it successfully repulsed the Mongol attack, and only during the Fourth Conquest Campaign against Korea, Khan Guyuk conquered this state and took the former subjects of the Eastern Xia into the Mongol army, and forcibly resettled the population of Suibin province to the Liaohe River valley, depriving them of their personal freedom. and enslaved.
After that, the region was in desolation and was a place of flight for various people persecuted in their countries - bandits, adventurers, political dissidents. This is clearly evidenced by the presence in the territory of the south of Primorsky Krai of elements of the material culture of all neighboring peoples, but the absence of any fortifications since the 13th century that could be identified as belonging to any state. Also, fleeing "to the North" from the eastern ports of Korea is mentioned throughout the Joseon era as a last resort to avoid execution. In Japan, "east of Ezo" pirates are localized who did not agree to voluntarily enter the service legal authorities after 1588 and the decree on the prohibition of piracy and the introduction of the death penalty for it. Also, on the entire coast of the region, a huge number of sites of the Ainu, Nivkhs, Evenks and Nanais were found, which were used for many years, which is determined by the huge shell deposits of mollusks eaten as food and the remains of fish bones and ceramics. The documented presence of Russia in the region dates back to the summer of 1655, when Russian Cossacks under the command of Onufry Stepanov entered northern Primorye. new time
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8. Everything from the beginning ...
“For what you give to people, you are fully responsible
responsibility to them and to your own conscience!”
Let's start our story with the results of the activities of an amateur archaeologist and professional architect Mikhail Vasilyevich Efimenko which he described in the book "Our Babylon". In it, he cited some of the results of the archaeological expedition of the Khabarovsk State Museum Far East, which went in October 2004 to the village of Sheremetyevo, Vyazemsky district, where they were found unique stone finds, and their research and findings. One of these unique finds was the powerful ancient walls of an unknown structure, built of megalithic blocks on Mount Shaman near the village. Nizhnetambovskoye.
These and other finds allowed the author to draw stunning conclusions: the territory of Siberia and the Far East was the cradle of all known civilizations- Babylonian, Egyptian, Hellenic and Indian. However, it itself was desolated and abandoned due to climate change and cooling that occurred in the distant past, as a result of which peoples from the northeast of Asia moved to the south and west of the continent, creating new centers of civilizations.
Mikhail Vasilievich found toponyms and hydronyms in Primorye Ancient Greece(Patrokl, Ulysses and Tavrichanka bays), samples of stone processing with a dashed frame, which was used in Greece in the construction of temples, and showed samples of crockery from dishes with a Vedic (swastika) meander, which were found by Khabarovsk archaeologists during excavations in the vicinity of the village of Kondon in the valley Devyatka River, which dated them 3.5-4 thousand years BC. - the time when Greek civilization did not yet exist.
He also found in Primorye Indian toponyms and hydronyms(Budur channel, Arka village, Sindu camp and Moria mountain, Sind lakes). On Ptolemy's maps, published by Sebastian Münster around 1540, he found three whole Indies, two of which "India Superior" And "India extra" located in the northeast of our continent, along the modern Sea of Okhotsk. Incidentally, Supreme India bordered on a country called katai- the province of Great Tartary, as noted, for example, in the 1653 atlas of Nicholas Sanson.
Mikhail Efimenko claims that on the territory of the modern Far Eastern capital there was an ancient developed civilization, age at least 10 thousand years. This civilization had a well-developed metallurgical industry, which in those parts, in accordance with the history taught to us, does not exist and could not exist. The author argues that the predecessor of the Mesopotamian Babylon, which is known to all, was Northern Babylon, located on the territory of Russia. He calls this civilization higher civilization or Aries civilization.
He discovered traces of the technology of cutting huge stones from rock masses, similar to those used in Egypt in the Aswan region, where huge blocks were mined in granite quarries for the construction of obelisks. There still lies an unfinished obelisk 42 meters long and weighing about 1150 tons. It is believed that the time of its manufacture refers to 1500-1400 BC.
M. Efimenko discovered traces of basalt smelting technology unknown to us(very strong rock) to a soft plastic state, and sometimes changes in the structure and chemical composition of the stone, and burning through holes in the stones. He showed roads made of natural stone leading to no one knows where, and also spoke about an ancient road in the taiga of the Amur region, built of huge tree trunks, preserved only because of the permafrost. The thing is that such trees in diameter in that area did not meet at all and were from the warm climate.
Here are some excerpts from the book of Mikhail Vasilyevich Efimenko "Our Babylon". Chapter 6 "Babylon of the Greats":
“If this title causes bewilderment, it is only due to the prevailing habit to consider any other regions of the planet as the birthplace of civilization, but here is a recent example: in 2001, the International Slavic Academy organizes an expedition to Primorye to search for traces of the “Ussuri proto-civilization”. This means that the question is not new, and secondly, it was known from some sources or according to signs. If this is already known in distant St. Petersburg, then everything is more visible and understandable to us on the spot. Of all the findings of that expedition, I would like to mention something that cannot be refuted - about the technical signs of the existence of another, earlier civilization, and which, in terms of the level of development, should be considered the Highest in comparison with us.
There, in the 80s, the remains of unknown structures were found, and the expedition gave them to the laboratory of building materials, the answer from which was rather unexpected: the sample consisted of large fragments moissanite- silicon carbide mineral, and its content in the sample was at least 70% of the mass of the sample. It must be added that artificial silicon carbide It is used as an abrasive, as it is second only to diamond in hardness, but in nature, moissanite is less common than diamonds.
Primorye turned out to be not the only area where such finds can be seen - in the Khabarovsk Territory in the village of Tyr there was a wall, the remains of which can still be found for sure. So this wall was made of bricks of blue color – moissanite colors, i.e. silicon carbide. According to the stories of the inhabitants of the village, the bricks were strong as iron, and they went to the construction of the furnaces of the inhabitants. So: from the strongest and rarest mineral, we created foundations and a huge wall of incomprehensible purpose, and this is only what came across and became famous.
What a huge level technical development you need to possess in order to make ordinary building material from such a mineral and artificial stone. For me, as a builder and architect, such a fact is a phenomenon of exceptional importance, but try to find in our society of selfish indifference more construction or design specialists who are puzzled by this, and why these findings did not interest anyone living here is a mystery to me. less than the result of laboratory tests. I tried to find out about the presence of the components of this mineral in us, and it turned out that there were no problems with carbon: we have enough deposits of coal and graphite, silicon in its pure form is available on Sakhalin in the form of a sedimentary rock called diatomite.
It didn’t work out otherwise - the technology for making concrete from moissanite is unknown to us, and referring to the alleged loss of the secret of technology, as is sometimes accepted as an excuse, is stupid, because such things were not carried out by our civilization never. The second reason for the justification of rejecting the idea of belonging to this production of our civilization is the transport problem, since there was nothing to carry diatomite from Sakhalin to Primorye and the Amur region, and there was no one, except higher civilizations.
Unusual building materials are found in our country quite often and even in huge volumes. For example, we can name the powerful walls of unknown structures on Mount Shaman opposite the village. Nizhnetambovskoye on the Amur, built as monolithic concrete made of material that resembles fake diamond. These walls could be made using the layer-by-layer pouring method, in the same way that we pour concrete formwork. Only, apparently, the solidification of this building material occurred very quickly, and therefore the formwork might not be needed, or its traces were erased, and could crumble. Examples of rapid hardening of building materials will be shown, and the walls look too even to say positively about their natural origin.
Presence in the distant past artificial building materials is confirmed by the finds of completely unusual items that have a difference in materials and purpose, depending on the places of the find. The first group of samples was found in the Kamchatka region on the Penzha River, the second group - in the north of the Khabarovsk Territory. All of them were brought from geological expeditions back in the last century and are accidental, not related to the purpose of the expeditions, and thanks to the curious geologists for the opportunity to touch the great past of our region and the entire Far East, and I would like to convey this interest to other curious people.
A group of two stones brought from the Kamchatka region is part of a large collection kept in the city of Magadan. I will start the description with them. The stones have a light gray color, a dense structure and very small fractions of the components of the samples. It is immediately clear that the product is most likely made on a device such as a potter's wheel: even the bottom is flat, typical for elements formed by rotation. This is also reminiscent of such a detail as a circular belt. The appearance of the object is slightly spoiled by dousing it with a solution to which crumbs or sprinkles have stuck.
The most interesting of this group is a second object of the same material, but made in a different way. A stone in appearance made of a material similar to artificial, like our cement mortar. The method of execution, judging by the different types of surface, was similar to our application of cream on a cake. The conditional “cream” from the “cement” mortar was squeezed out of a certain technical apparatus with a nozzle, and at the same time, the mass solidified rather quickly, and it did not have time to spread out in shape. And the fact that the mass was poured into the mold is very clearly visible in the photo on the side, where there was a trace of this mold.
Both of these products have no practical value. We would call them examples of small decorative plastics, but what is certain is that the author was a person with good artistic taste, and I do not exclude that he was a sculptor, moreover, close to us in the way of expressing an artistic sense of form.
Since the products were found in very remote and completely wild places, then they have nothing to do with our civilization, causing only surprise with their origin and purpose. But they have to do with the complete barrenness of ideas in determining their meaning as facts of the existence of another life in our places and the lack of even a desire to comprehend such a thing. For several decades that have passed since their discovery, there was not even an analysis of their composition of the material of manufacture.
Second item collection, found in the north of the Khabarovsk Territory, was also brought from a geological expedition, but this is a completely different find both in terms of its materials and easily recognizable images, but their main quality and property is not so easy to detect, and there is no doubt that it should be no, as in their artificial origin. They explained to me that in the geological laboratory one of the similar samples was sawn and the material of manufacture was determined as artificial ceramics and only one sample from the collection is made of natural stone, but its shape is completely sculptural in its image and method of careful execution.
Despite the difference in shapes and materials, these products have something in common, and it is this that arouses the greatest interest. I do not deny that even in itself their discovery in the wildest places of our region and supposedly never inhabited areas refutes all conjectures that another civilization did not live here ... "
Megaliths of Mount Pidan, Primorye
There is another place in the Primorsky Territory that keeps indisputable evidence of the presence of an ancient civilization with a rich culture there. This is a mountain Pidan(now Livadia), which is located in the south of the region, in the Shkotovsky district and is one of the dominant heights of the Livadia Range. There are several versions about the name of the mountain. The most advertised, of course, is the one that is translated from other languages. So, it is assumed that the word Pidan, translated from the language of the Jurchens, the Tungus tribes, who allegedly lived on the territory of Primorye in the 11-13 centuries. means "Stones poured by God", which is not confirmed by any documents. Moreover, there is no evidence that the Jurchens built anything at such a height (1100 meters), used a similar masonry technique, or had the appropriate technology for this. The same applies to the state of the Tungus tribes Bohai, which supposedly existed in Primorye in the 7th-10th centuries. It is only known that the latter simply used what had already been built for their own purposes. Although, indeed, the whole mountain is literally strewn with scatterings of stones from the foot to the very top of the mountain, and not just stones, but megalithic stones. And not just megalithic stones, but processed megalithic stones, whose origin is official Russian science doesn't explain at all.
According to another version, the name Pidan is Slavic and comes from the surname Pidan, common in Ukraine. There is also an assumption that the mountain used to wear old Russian name Horchur (from the words Khor and Chur), which means "mountain boundary", which was given to him by the first settlers-Old Believers. Unfortunately, no one knows yet what the ancient builders themselves called this mountain.
However, this mountain is remarkable not only for scattered megalithic blocks. At its top are also dolmens and impressive cyclopean block wall 400-500 meters long. We can say that this is another Great Amur wall, similar to the one found on Mount Shaman in the village. Nizhnetambovskoye. Moreover, the stones used for laying the wall were mined here.
A possible nearest place for the extraction of these stones may be the modern bed of a river flowing out from under the mountain. There you can clearly see how they cut off from solid rock formations huge megaliths, from which a wall was later erected. Along the river there are many rectangular cutouts, which cannot be the result of natural causes, such as the "work" of the river. They are too even for this, and the corners of these cutouts are also not smooth, but as if chopped off.
Near the beginning of the wall, there is one of the main attractions of Mount Pidan - dolmen 2.2-2.5 meters high. It consists of a huge stone block, on the edges of which there are 4 small stones of the same shape, and on them is a huge stone block identical to the first one. Those who have visited this mountain say that anyone can crawl between two stone blocks into the dolmen. It is not known who built the dolmen and why. As it is unknown what it is unusual patterns on some stones scattered on the path leading to the top of the mountain, as well as why and how notches and cuts were made on others.
There is a version that these lines, not drawn, but as if engraved on the surface, is a way to mark stones. They can be straight, parallel, or angled. On some stones, such lines smoothly turn into part of an angular cut or stone chip, which allows us to conclude that there is some kind of connection between the marks and cuts on the stones. So far, no one knows what kind of strange stone structures they are, similar to defensive forts or watchtowers and stone passages.
Also, numerous tourists, travelers and people eager for esoteric experiences have found runic stones on them. Whether this is a remake or really ancient texts is unknown. As a last resort, we were unable to find any information on this subject.
Unfortunately, official science turned a deaf ear to Pidan, and, apart from legends, both folklore and told by the travelers themselves, nothing is known about Pidan. So, they tell stories about a flying man with bat wings that roars piercingly at night, about mysterious labyrinths inside the mountain where the body of God rests, and about a huge underground lake, from which a mountain river constantly flows with living water and constant temperature. There are also legends about the Maori - the mysterious guardians of Pidan, carved from stone human heads. One of them has come down to our times. They call it "Damn Finger". They say that it is here that the Spirit of the Priest of the ancient Bohai kingdom lives, along with the spirit of his wife, the White Woman, and also the spirits of the elements, for whom the ancient sorcerers performed rituals in ancient times...
Megaliths of the Dragon Park, Primorye
IN South Primorye there is another amazing place that testifies to a very ancient civilization that used incomprehensible and technologies incomprehensible to us. Unfortunately, we can only judge its existence, discovered quite recently - in 2006, by megalithic stone monuments, which are scattered over an area of more than 35 square meters. km. It is located 400 km from Vladivostok, in the Lazovsky district, the village clear water. There you can see giant stone sculptures of outlandish animals - dragons, turtles, crocodiles, people of different races and species. According to the official version, all these creations were created by the wind. However, few people ask the following question: the wind blows everywhere, why did this kind of masterpieces “blew” only here?
Let us cite the article "Civilization that came from ..." by the writer and local historian from the city of Nakhodka S.V. Kabelev, the discoverer of this place, which he called "City of Dragons", published in N 3 for 2007 of the St. Petersburg newspaper "Secret".
Civilization that came from...
Stanislav Kabelev, writer, local historian, member of the Second Amur Expedition.
For the last four months I have been completely absorbed in my discovery - the interest is huge, although the territory of the "city" has been little explored. The sculptures in it are stunning. There are a lot of images of people on the stone, with a bright Slavic appearance. There is no need to think of anything, to speculate - everything is so clear and pronounced that arguing who is depicted is simply incorrect: the ancient "photo images" speak for themselves...
Where did it all start? On August 11-21, 2006, we conducted the next, sixth in a row, expedition “Along the paths of V.K. Arsenyev" of the literary club of the city of Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai in the basin of the Kievka River. I, Stanislav Vladimirovich Kabelev, have always been the leader of the expeditions. The purpose of the 2006 season is to test the version of the artificial origin (considered "the play of nature") of the sculptural structures of Zasuchanya. The southern part of the Primorsky Territory was called Zasuchanie during the travels of the explorer of this region V.K. Arseniev (Without a doubt, the toponym "Suchan" of Russian origin was unreasonably renamed "Partizansk" in 1970 - Ed.).
There are many unsolved mysteries and mysteries in this area. What, for example, are two pyramidal hills Brother And Sister 300 m high on the shore of the sea bay Nakhodka? In ancient legends and myths, they are the “First Step to Heaven” and “Second Step to Heaven”, and in Japan and China they are called the “Golden Gate”. Petrov Island with its unique yew grove has not been explored. Here we will talk about sculpture of a dragon near the village of Chistovodnoe. This "reptile" head rests on a vertical neck; it has distinctive tail and paws. Our first meeting with the "dragon" took place in 1966. At that time, Vladimir Khorev and Rostislav Zavyalov were part of our literary expedition.
The purpose of our last expedition was: to examine and study this "dragon" more closely. On August 14, 2006, something prompted me to consider this sculptural image from a different angle and in combination with the huge granite rocks surrounding it. "Dragon" by hundreds of people who have been at its foot over the past tens and hundreds of years, was perceived as a "joke of nature", nothing more. No one thought about the origins of such amazing sculptures. Everyone considered them the result of the weathering of ancient rocks. Well, maybe a person in the twentieth century had a little bit of a hand in something ... This is how I perceived the “dragon” as well.
Both me and the members of the expedition were always surprised by the unusual and shaped rocks in the Krivaya river basin. (R. Vanga until 1970; this Russian name was incorrectly distorted into the Chinese manner by V.K. Arsenyev as "Vangou". - Ed.). Unusual rock structures were everywhere on a vast territory, on the tops of hills, on the crests of ridges, in the valleys of numerous rivers and springs. In this area in 2003 traveled: R. Zavyalov, V. Khoreev, Larisa Rakul. Then they brought many photographs with images of strange rocks, to the riddle of which they did not find an answer.
In 2004, the famous photographer and traveler Vladimir Maratkanov also took pictures of amazing rocks. He published his photographs in No. 5, 2006 of the magazine "Native Amur Region".
On August 14, 2006, I felt that I was on the verge of a grand opening. On this day, members of the expedition climbed the rocks, photographed amazing figures. Being in a huge “cauldron” in front of the mouths of three monsters, I realized: everything that surrounds us, including seemingly shapeless huge rocks, various niches with three-dimensional drawings on them, bizarre cuts in the rocks, flat images of people made using incomprehensible technologies , - This traces of a powerful intelligent civilization that once existed here.
The expedition members, and there were more than thirty of them, did not believe in the discovery, considering what they saw was the fruit of the writer's imagination. They looked but did not see.
After returning from the expedition, I looked through hundreds of photographs through the computer. The photographic images I analyzed confirmed my guess: most of the various sculptures on the plateau and a huge dragon, located on the crest of the hill, are all the work of a person - a representative very high civilization. Realizing this, three days later I hurried to the dragons again. He invited Tatyana Dolgova, a professional photographer, and other members of the expedition with him and decided to double-check what he had seen earlier, to examine the structures again from a variety of points and angles. The route was built a little differently. Fortunately, everything happened again. We discovered more and more traces, remarkable facts of past human activity. There were a lot of them, and they seemed to be shouting: finally pay attention to us!
It seemed to argue that the huge rock structures near the "dragon" are the products of human hands, it was bold even for a science fiction writer. But the facts are a stubborn thing: a huge dragon about 1000 m long, and its tail with spikes, and its monstrous head (more than 10 m high), and dorsal humps with wings, and a royal crown on the head of a sculptural image of another dragon - all this is the result of inspired creativity of ancient man! Yes! A huge sculptural structure over a kilometer long and over 30 m high, spread out on the crest of a hill, was created by man!
Having taken pictures and returned to Nakhodka again, I began to double-check the rich photographic material. And what I saw plunged me into amazement: there were just a huge number of various sculptures, flat and three-dimensional images; I finally dispelled all doubts about the discovery of a civilization completely unknown to science. From the understanding of the importance of the discovery made, operators and directors of television (NTV) were invited. I also introduced the director of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor V.L. Larina.
I was aware of what I needed to pay close attention to, what to double-check, to try to capture in detail as many artifacts as possible on film. Photographs by R. Zavyalov, V. Khorev, V. Maratkanov strengthened my assumptions and conclusions. Together we have collected the richest material. A careful analysis revealed the following.
All sculptural structures are made of coarse-grained granite and rise on foundations made of sedimentary rocks. They do not have layering and other inclusions. The entire homogeneous mass of sculptures is as if molded from coarse-grained granules. Many sculptures are dilapidated by time. The shape of the sculptures was chosen by the ancient masters in such a way as to protect them as much as possible from precipitation, wind erosion, and climate fluctuations. I'll try to list what I found in order.
1. Sculpture of a reptile, possibly a dinosaur. He stands straight (vertically), his tail, fore and hind limbs are well “drawn”. Height 8 m. It stands separately on a pedestal in front of a huge head of another reptile. The structure is subject to the destructive influence of time. The surface of the "dragon" is covered with brittle exfoliation of granular granite.
2. Sculpture of another reptile with a huge head, humps, with numerous spikes on the tail. The dimensions of the sculpture are more than 1000 (thousands!) meters from the head to the tip of the tail. The height of the humps is 15-25 m. The size of the head is up to 10 m. Cuts are made on the skull, as if to demonstrate the internal structure of the head, neck, eyes, and mouth. There are two small (relatively, of course) protective spikes on the head. The right side of the huge skull is freed from the skin: also, as it were, for studying its insides and fixing the eyes. On the back of the neck, protective cartilaginous shields are cut off - their internal structure is shown. 
3. At the base of the second huge hump there is a sculptural image of three heads of huge snakes that are trying to fight off three crocodiles. Their height is more than 8 m. The sizes of snake heads are up to 1.5 m in diameter. The heads of snakes are covered with a shell in the form of identical rhombic notches; the dimensions of the rhombuses are 3x3 cm, the rhombuses are separated from each other by even V-shaped grooves. The shell coating is made of fine-grained sintered material of unknown origin, the layer thickness is 15-18 mm. The skin-shell covers the head, as well as part of a huge sacrificial cauldron. Boiler dimensions: diameter 1000 mm, depth 500 mm. One edge is bevelled. The snakes' mouths were previously covered in red paint. It is assumed that something was burned in the cauldron or someone was sacrificed. There is another boiler located 15 m lower from the other boilers. 
4. Volumetric sculptural image of several reptiles. Located at the tail of a large "dragon".
5. In the tail of the "dragon", above, two particularly conspicuous spikes; on one spike there is an image of a man, and on the other - a woman with long hair. There are sacrificial cauldrons and steps on other spikes of the tail. The steps are made in the same style. Their size is 200x200x200 mm, the platform for the foot is flat. Such steps are everywhere where there are sacrificial cauldrons. The steps are hollowed out so that it is convenient for a person 170-180 cm tall to climb to the boilers.
6. On the first crest of a large reptile there is a stone measuring 2x2x3 m. There is a crown on the head of a small dragon with closed eyes. Its dimensions are up to 15 m. The crown-stone rests on a rocky ridge. Three-quarters of the mass of the crown hangs above the void. According to all the laws of physics, a crown-stone cannot stand without a special pin-mount. At the bottom of the crown are signs made with cuts in stone. On the forehead of the dragon, an image of a man is visible.
7. On the plane of the first huge hump - the image of a man modern type with a high forehead, deep-set intelligent eyes; he has a wrinkle-fold across his forehead, a straight Slavic nose, beautiful lips. The dimensions of the face are up to 20 m in height. The image is affected by precipitation and wind.
8. Turtle with a shell, with a head(turtle size 10 m). Clear pattern head. There are two sacrificial cauldrons on the shell. Closer to the tail is an image of a Stone Age man, next to which are carved steps to climb to the cauldron. The bottom of the turtle, as it were, is buried in the waves: to show that it is a creature of the water element. Next to the turtle is a huge structure that looks like a heart with arteries that bring blood to the heart. A skin section was made to show the structure of the walls of the heart.
9. Shamrock sign. According to our version - the place of landing and launch of the spacecraft.
10. A huge sculptural image of the human embryo. It has more than a dozen images of people's faces. They are of Slavic appearance.
11. "Crown" on top of a rock 5 m high. At the base there are stone squares with a side size of more than 4 m.
12. Various images of people of the Stone Age with a low-set forehead, an elongated skull (like a gorilla), elongated ears of a person of an early stage of development.
13. Numerous sacrificial cauldrons in front of pictures of animals. The boilers are made in the same style. There are always 2-3 steps leading to the boilers.
14. Image of two stars as if above the horizon in a special sacrificial niche.
15. Image of a man of the Stone Age on the tail of a large dragon. Image height over 10 m.
16. Image of a person's face with the features of "Leonardo da Vinci". Nearby are several more sculptural images more than 10 m high.
17. Flat image of a person on a drop-shaped stele.
18. On the outer end of the second hump a large dragon on a platform measuring 7x10 m - an image of a man standing behind a woman with a child. The man is forty years old, the woman is thirty years old, the child is seven or eight years old. A woman with long dark hair and a thin smile. All three look into the eyes of the person watching them. The image is made on stone in a way unknown at present. It is like a giant photograph. All three people are with features of the modern Slavic type.
And there are many images of various animals, in particular, a buffalo, an elephant, a dog, a bear, etc.
My conclusions
Over 40 sq. km, a large amount of evidence of the existence of a developed Slavic civilization in the Primorsky Territory was found, possibly coming to the planet from outside during the early Stone Age. Its primacy in relation to other ancient and most ancient civilizations on planet Earth is quite likely. The age of the structures is approximately 1-1.5 million years. The founders of civilization left a huge park of sculptures, as well as various underground and ground structures. Everything has unconditional scientific value. At present, a complex expedition is being prepared to reconnoitre the area and plot objects on the map. Another expedition will include specialists in various fields of science.
Pyramids of Nakhodka, Primorye
Three more interesting megalithic objects are located in Primorye. Not far from the city of Nakhodka, the southernmost city in the Asian part of Russia, located on the shores of the Sea of Japan, there are two mountains. They are called Brother(242 m) and Sister(318 m) and they are calling card cities. A mountain rises between brother and sister Nephew 144 m high. However, Sister and Brother turned out to be not just hills, but man-made pyramids.
The general public learned about this quite recently - in 2000, when Valery Yurkovets, mining geophysicist, together with Oleg Gusev, the author of the book "The White Horse of the Apocalypse", went to Nakhodka and described the results of the trip in the article "Reconnaissance trip to the pyramids of Primorye". In it, he proved the artificial origin of Mount Brat, which was "shortened" by 79 meters in Soviet times, allegedly for the extraction of limestone for the construction of the port. However, this prey was full of oddities from the very beginning. First, limestone began to be mined from the top. Secondly, they went for building materials across the river - they took them by ferry. And, thirdly, the lime quarry had already been developed at that time near the port, there was no need to swim anywhere and climb the mountain. The destroyers did not need limestone at all. Not at all. We judge by the results.
First. Old-timers claim that after the destruction of the pyramid, the climate in Nakhodka changed dramatically - a strong wind blew and it rained for days on end. Second. At the top of the pyramid were internal structures built using concrete. highest quality. The premises were plastered, even frescoes made with whitewash, ocher of several shades and minium have survived. However, there is no evidence of this in the public domain - everything is securely hidden, if not destroyed. How the explosions destroyed the underground entrance to the pyramid, decorated with concrete columns, discovered by the Second Amur Expedition in the summer of 2001 under the leadership of O. Gusev.
Another entrance was blown up in an underground cave - northeast. The expedition members note: “... To destroy the entrance, they did not spare explosives - multi-ton blocks were thrown from the formed huge (up to 20 m in diameter) funnel by tens of meters. Based on these fragments, it was established that they blew up the entrance to the karst formation, i.e. cave, - some surfaces of the debris have traces of limestone leaching by groundwater. Since the rock raised by the explosion remained in place, it seems that the purpose of the drilling and blasting work here was not the extraction of limestone, but something else. What? Obviously, the same as in the upper third of the pyramid Brother - destruction of traces of ancient civilization, perhaps, pre-Jurchen and Dobohai, and, of course, Aryan, about which, in addition to the mass of indirect data, direct evidence has also been preserved.
The articles below report a few interesting facts about these seaside pyramids.
Amazing nearby. The Far Eastern region is rich not only in unique animals, plants and marine life, in the vastness of our protected region you can find traces of the power of ancient civilizations, places that are still shrouded in secrets and legends. One of these places is the visiting card of the city of Nakhodka, the hills Brother, Sister and Nephew, very reminiscent of the pyramids of ancient Egypt. This is especially clearly seen in the photographs taken from the aircraft in the 30s.
During the time of the power of the Jurchens, at the mouth of the then full-flowing river Suchan, there was one of the five capitals of this state, as now, it was a port city. One of the main attractions of the capital was the temple of the Golden Goddess, which the Jurchens inherited from the Bohai people who lived in these lands before them. Then there was a legend that the hills Brother, Sister and Nephew are not just reefs, but pyramids, poured by the titans of the fifth cycle a million years ago, and this whole complex is Golden Sacred Gates of the East and one day the Prince of Light will come from beyond the Eastern Mountains, Great Spirit will enter through these gates.
Perhaps this is not just a fairy tale, the structure of the geological rocks of the complex is strikingly different from the rocks of the surrounding hills, they consist of marbled limestone, and homogeneous, which is rarely found in the natural environment. Another one interesting feature- the hills have smooth edges and two faces were strictly oriented along the magnetic south and north poles during the last glaciation of the Earth, and the other two along the magnetic equator of the Earth, which is a broken line, and on the same line is the Japanese city of step pyramids, found under water off the island of Yonaguni.
A strange coincidence for natural formations.
Today Brother partially destroyed, in the middle of the 20th century limestone was taken there for the construction of the city, this not only led to the loss of monuments of the past, but also changed the climate in the city itself and in the Golden Valley, which Brat stood to protect. Back in 1956, when particularly intensive work was being carried out, on the top of Brat stood stone turtle, it was given to the Japanese, they were allowed to open burial of a warrior in expensive armor and also gave, and more alabaster horse, and many other valuable things found during excavations. But the most important shrine - a statue Golden Goddess they were never found, although there are versions that the development of Brat was conceived for this reason, building material for the city could have been taken elsewhere, closer and cheaper.
The world marvels at the beauty of the pyramids and megalithic structures, blaming everything on the tireless aliens who built them all over the Earth for their own needs. To date over 50,000 known dolmens and stonehenges scattered all over the planet. Meanwhile, scraps of knowledge that have survived to this day speak of the existence on Earth in the distant past highly developed civilization perhaps more advanced than we can imagine. And, apparently, all these pyramids, stonehenges, dolmens, are traces of the former greatness of this civilization.
But why were such massive structures created, what is their functional purpose?
The conclusions of the second Amur expedition to the pyramids Brother and Sister in Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai, look most plausible. The history of our Earth testifies to lithospheric catastrophes that occur periodically on the planet, the change of the Earth's magnetic poles has already occurred during the existence of the planet. more than 200 times, according to paleomagnetic studies, and the Sun changed its position in the sky several times.
The peoples of antiquity, knowing the laws of the processes taking place on Earth, tried to find a way to protect their civilization or mitigate their consequences. To track the dynamics of ongoing processes, a network of pyramid complexes and megalithic structures was built all over the Earth, which carried a multifunctional load. In addition to the fact that they were mostly observatories that collect information about what is happening in the bowels of the Earth and in space, the structures themselves were stabilizers of these processes.
The pyramids were placed at the intersection of the main tectonic faults of the plates, so they had to be large in order to effectively dampen the destructive waves. Dolmens, columns, stonehenges and other mega structures acted as screens on a specific area and were part of the global gravity grid, which served as a giant protective screen for the entire Earth.
The pyramids were also religious centers, and had amazing healing properties, they treated people, the seeds that were in the pyramids gave amazing shoots, and the properties of metals changed, apparently, the pyramid builders knew something about the laws of torsion fields and knew how to use them.
The type and size of the pyramid under construction depended on the intensity of the geophysical fields of a particular place, and was also determined by its place in the global chain, in some places pyramids were built using natural rock formations as a foundation, such pyramids are the pyramid of Cheops, the pyramid in Tibet on Mount Kailash, and also Pyramids Brother and Sister in Primorye.
According to the second Amur expedition, Brother and Sister were built, according to the most conservative estimates, more than 40 thousand years ago, although this is a very conservative estimate, it may be hundreds of thousands of years old. They are located at the intersection of three tectonic faults. It is likely that age, tectonics and nature caused the pyramids to lose some symmetry; close up, they look like natural formations. On the remains of Brat, a blown-up entrance to an ancient observatory was found, it was located in the upper part of the pyramid on the western side, as well as blown-up entrances to underground tunnels, and themselves the walls are made of ancient concrete on which traces of painting are visible.
Another amazing find was made by this expedition - the remains of an ancient muffle furnace, in which high-quality metal could be smelted, such as the iron stele found in India, from chemically completely pure iron. The oven itself is also made from a material that is 70% moissanite - industrial diamond, which has only recently been learned to make, a high-temperature conductor that is fireproof and anti-corrosion.
Based on this theory, I would very much like to look at the data of recorded earthquakes in this area, before the destruction of Brat and after. Unfortunately, I couldn't find them, maybe I didn't search well...
Other antiquities of Primorye
In Primorye, there are many more amazing places that are associated with the ancient culture of our ancestors. However, precisely because of this, they are mostly not popular with orthodox historians. If something is found by chance, then they immediately try to attribute the find to Chinese, Japanese, Korean or any other culture, but not to Russian that was here long before these nations came to this land. Basically, all the discoveries and evidence that the Russians lived in Primorye a long time ago were made lone enthusiasts.
For example, there is such an interesting place - petrov island. The island is small - 1 km long and 40 hectares in area. It is interesting because there are about 400 species of plants on it, while on neighboring ones there are no more than 100, including wild grapes and orchids. In addition, this island is a kind of anomalous zone in which camera batteries run out quickly, mechanical cameras go awry, photographers get blown out shots, and television crews fail their cameras.
Another mystery of the island is freshwater spring(do not forget that the island is in the middle salty sea), which is credited with magical properties - it is believed that this water heals, relieves nicotine and alcohol addiction and fulfills desires. But most of all, the island is known for its yew grove. Yew is a long-lived tree that can live for 3 millennia. In the yew grove on Petrov Island, the crown is so dense that the sun never penetrates through it to the ground. The yews are believed to have been planted by unknown ancient gardeners. 1200 years ago. This theory is supported by the fact that in any place in the grove, wherever a person turns, the picture is the same: three yews line up in one line. In addition, if you look at the grove from a bird's eye view, then the trees form several hieroglyphs that cannot be read, respectively, and no one is able to read the message of the ancients. They say that only the first hieroglyph is read and it supposedly means “tree”.
If the “yew” hieroglyphs really exist, and we cannot refute or confirm this, since we did not find a single photograph, then this situation is very similar to the situation with the Chandar plate, found in 1999 by Professor Chuvyrov. It was marked with a relief map of the West Siberian region, made using technologies that are unknown to modern science. In addition to the map, there were hieroglyphic inscriptions on the slab, which were immediately attributed to the ancient Chinese language, which was not confirmed during further study. Yes, and it could not be confirmed, since the inscriptions were made by the ancients Slavic-Aryan runes.
According to archaeologists, the first settlements on the island appeared more than 5 thousand years ago, but they are all attributed to representatives of the Mongoloid race - the Chinese, Koreans or Japanese. Another mystery of the island - 5 large stones, whose shape resembles boats, and they are exactly 80 meters apart from each other. Professional historians do not explain this in any way, but there is a non-professional hypothesis. They believe that the Primorye people came from Altai, which means that it is there that one must look for the origins of this distance. The measure of length in Arkaim was 80 cm. That is, the distance between the stones is 100 Arkaim measures. But so far no one understands the meaning and purpose of these stones, as well as the inscriptions on them, which are also "unreadable".
one more interesting place is Russian island, which became widely known for the grandiose construction of facilities for the APEC 2012 summit. In the area of the construction of the bridge to Russky Island, an archaeological expedition of employees of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography, the Department of Archaeological Expertise of the UNM FEFU in 2012 found 16 previously unknown archaeological objects (out of 40 thousand found since 2007, both on the island and in the continental part of Vladivostok ). The age of the most ancient of them over 7 thousand years.
However, on Russky Island there is also a certain structure made of huge boulders, network of ancient artificial reservoirs and a park of stones, which are made in the form of turtles, frogs, muzzles of dragons, dogs, bears and other animals, as well as human heads and faces. This park was opened by candidate of historical sciences Gennady Silantyev from Vladivostok. However, there is no information about this find. The only thing that slipped on the Internet about this was an article by Lyudmila Rumyantseva called “Stones speak”, with interesting subtitles: “The Temple of Oblivion of the Russian Island” and “The Park of Stones on Cape Peschany”, with several photographs that we cannot find in high resolution managed. In the same place, Gennady Silantiev noted that "Russian Island is called the altar of Russia", but there is no information about this either. We hope that researchers will be interested in these structures.
It also turned out that there is no information on the Web about the so-called "Golden Babach of the Jurchens". It was only possible to find a very eloquent mention of them in the article "Where to look for treasures in the territory of Primorye":
“The Golden Baba is the god of the Jurchens who inhabited Primorye 900 years ago. Apparently there were several. In any case, there is information that two have already been found and secretly taken to China in the 90s. True, these finds were not gold. The first is a marble, antique statue, which somehow mysteriously came to the Primorsky Territory from Greece. The second is bronze, a little over half a meter high, outwardly very reminiscent of a sculpture by Marc Chagall. It is noteworthy that both women have European features.
There were numerous gold ornaments on them. On the marble sculpture, our sources say, there were more than 8 kilograms of gold and 31 precious stones. On the second - an ornament from the coins of Mesopotamia, Greece, Middle Asia, Europe. Possible places where Baba can be found are wells or karst caves in the south of Primorye. Perhaps the peninsulas of Basargin and Sandy, Cape Gamow ... "
But it is not all that bad. One of the most interesting finds could not be silenced - these are the famous petroglyphs, which are located 70 km from Khabarovsk. Made on basalt boulders and on a rocky ledge of the coastal terrace, they are scattered between the villages of Sikachi-Alyan and Malyshevo. Total Found about 300 drawings, the most ancient date 12 thousand years BC. We will try to talk about them next time.
In the Far Eastern Territory, 70 km from Khabarovsk, on the coastline, 6 km long between the Nanai villages of Sikachi-Alyan and Malyshevo, there are many monuments of ancient rock art. It's famous petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan. The word petroglyph is of Greek origin (petros - stone and glyph - carving) and means carved images on stone. Stone images are carved on the ledge of the coastal terrace and huge basalt boulders scattered on the right bank of the river. Ussuri at the confluence with the river. Amur. They are equated with the recognized world treasures of antiquity - Stonehenge in England or the giant stone statues of Easter Island.
They depict anthropomorphic images - "masks", boats with people sitting in them, animals (including those in the "X-ray" style) - elk, deer, tigers, wild boars, horses, birds, snakes and concentric circles. In total, about 300 images were found that date within 12 thousand BC- the first half of the 1st millennium AD According to archaeologists, horses were found on the Amur only during the Ice Age.
The first scientific descriptions and studies of the petroglyphs of the Lower Amur belong to the Russian naturalist, researcher of Siberia and the Far East R.K. Maku in 1859 while traveling along the river. Ussuri, and Lieutenant Colonel of the General Staff N. Alftan in 1894. In the 50s of the 20th century, Soviet science began to study the petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan. The result of this research work is the monograph of Academician A.P. Okladnikov "Petroglyphs of the Lower Amur", published in 1971. However, Not all"exhibits" from this unique stone "art gallery" have been described. These unique petroglyphs are scattered along the banks of the Amur River several thousand. And to this day Not all petroglyphs are known and described.
Nature has done its part too. Some petroglyphs rest on the bottom of the Amur, carried away by flood waters. The pressure of the ice floes during the ice drift overturned others. Sharp temperature changes and flooding, moss and algae have destroyed many of the images. Entire layers with stone painting are crumbling. Researchers have calculated that over the past 30-40 years, not only individual petroglyphs have been lost, but also entire groups of rock paintings. People do not lag behind in the destruction of unique monuments. Many signs were destroyed by vandals or taken out without permission. After all, the stones “just” lie near the shore. Nobody is protecting them.
In addition to the fact that in the studies of Academician Okladnikov, far Not all petroglyphs, not all investigated was given an adequate interpretation. Academician Okladnikov and his followers believe that the “stone gallery” of Sikachi-Alyan belongs to the Nanai culture. However, in accordance with the accepted version of history, the Tungus-Manchurian tribes - the ancestors of the Nanais - moved to the Amur region from the Baikal region at the beginning of the 1st millennium AD, while some petroglyphs date back to 12-10 thousand years BC Nevertheless, the Amur Nanais do not refuse such a chic gift of an orthodox story about “their” great past, however, just as the Mongols did not refuse the fact that orthodox science attributed to them the creation of the Golden Horde.
Attribution of petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan to Vedic culture the ancient Empire of the Slavic-Russians is passionately defended by Popov Vadim Vladimirovich, local historian, member of the Russian Geographical Society (RGO). He notes that academic science "for some reason" does not want to notice that the religion of the Nanais is shamanism, which depicts only the lower spirits and idols, while the petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan depict the higher gods, whom she revered White race. In addition, their symbolism is the symbolism of the Neolithic religion of the Near East, Asia Minor, South and of Eastern Europe(Trypillia), Caucasus (spirals, concentric circles, dots inside circles, figures in the form of curls, etc.). So in the village of Kondon, Solnechny district, Khabarovsk Territory, ceramics with the above symbols were found, which date back to 3 thousand BC; on the Amur is stored statue of Perun, on the reverse side of which the rune "Pe" is inscribed - the sign "X" with broken ends
In addition, the researchers of the petroglyphs of Sikachi-Alyan ignored the traces of unique methods of stone processing, which is possible only with high development civilization, which the Nanais could not have. It seems that the processing of some stones is similar to working with plasticine. It is noteworthy that the Nanais have the following legend. At the beginning of time, they shone in the sky at once three suns. People and animals died from the unbearable heat, even the stones became soft, like melted wax. And only the gods did not lose heart: they drew outlandish patterns on hot stones. A brave hunter saved the world from death. With his well-aimed arrows, he extinguished two extra luminaries. The stones cooled down and forever retained the imprints of divine fingers. According to L.Ya. Sternberg (1861-1927), a Russian ethnographer who studied the Paleo-Asiatic peoples, the Nanais claimed that the drawings on the stones were made not their ancestors, but by some ancient vanished people whom they called " Ha».
So who were these people-gods? Who were these "Ha" people? The answer suggests itself. These were our ancestors, representatives of the white race, who went from their Siberian ancestral home to the peoples of the world with a civilizing mission and brought them their Vedic worldview. They created images of their gods - highly evolved people and spread them not only in the Far East, but throughout the world, bringing it their high culture. Below is an image of one such "god", published in the monograph of Academician Okladnikov.
That is why the images on the Sikachi-Alyan petroglyphs are so similar to various ancient monuments scattered all over the world. Thus, the spiral drawings of the Amur stones, in particular, the images of “masks”, echo the spirals of Newgrange, a megalithic religious building in Ireland dating back to 4,000 BC. Sikachi-Alyan boats, transporting human souls to the realm of the dead, are similar to similar petroglyphs in Scandinavia, and the images of animals are similar to how the Scythians depicted animals. In addition, the researchers note that some images of "masks" are similar to images carved on the rocks. australia and the Polynesian island of Nuku-hiva, the patterns on a Neolithic figurine found in Japan, and posthumous tattoos of the natives of New Guinea and the Indians of the northeastern outskirts of America. As you can see, a few thousand years ago, unknown, or rather hushed up, the great people, which the Nanais called "Kha", extended its influence throughout the world. And it was the people of the White race, people of the Slavic-Aryans our people... Ancient state in the Far East
In the 50s of the 20th century, Academician A.P. Okladnikov and his students discovered the existence in the Far East Golden Jurchen Empire that existed there in the Middle Ages. It occupied the territory of the modern Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, the Amur Region, the eastern regions of Mongolia, the northern regions of Korea and the entire northern part of China. The capital of this vast empire for a long time was Yanqing(now Beijing). The empire included 72 tribes, the population was, according to various estimates, from 36 to 50 million people. The empire had 1200 cities.
The Jurchen Empire rested on the basis of ancient civilizations that existed long before the "Great China" and possessed the highest technologies for those times: they knew how to produce porcelain, paper, bronze mirrors and gunpowder, and also possessed mysterious occult knowledge. Bronze mirrors, which were made in the Jurchen Empire, are found by archaeologists in the territory from the Pacific Ocean to the Caspian Sea. In other words, the Jurchens used these achievements much earlier than the Chinese "discovered" them. In addition, the inhabitants of the empire used runic writing which orthodox science is unable to decipher.
However, the empire received all these technological achievements from previous states located on its territory much earlier. The most mysterious of them is the state Shubi, which is believed to have existed in the I-II millennium BC. They possessed truly unique knowledge, had underground communication in the form of tunnels with many parts of their empire and neighboring states.
It is possible that these underground passages still exist today. Moreover, most likely, there are underground tunnels leading to the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin and Kamchatka. For example, it is known that the idea to connect Sakhalin to the mainland through a tunnel was developed at the end of the 19th century, but was not implemented. Stalin revived this idea in 1950. On May 5, 1950, the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued a secret decree on the construction of a tunnel and a reserve sea ferry. It is possible that the secrecy was also due to the fact that it was planned not to build a tunnel, but only restore what was built in antiquity. The tunnel was never built. Immediately after the death of Stalin, construction was curtailed.
But back to Shubi. It was they who invented gunpowder, paper, china and everything else, the invention of which is attributed to the Chinese. In addition, they created an amazing system for the distribution of rare plants on the territory of their state. In other words, plants in Primorye did not just grow "as God puts on the soul", but they specially selected, grown and planted. An eloquent witness to this selection is the yew grove on Petrov Island, and at the foot of Mount Pidan, several old yew trees have been preserved, which are nowhere else in the region. This feature was noted by Academician V.L. Komarov, Russian botanist and geographer, and military topographer and ethnographer V. K. Arseniev, who explored Primorye in 1902-1907 and 1908-1910, found that the boundaries of the Tibeto-Manchu flora coincided with the boundaries of a bygone civilization Shubi.
In addition, V.K. Arseniev found and unearthed numerous cities of the correct form and stone roads in the taiga on the Dadianshan Plateau. All this eloquently testifies to the scale of the bygone civilization. The remains of stone roads are still preserved in the coastal taiga. In addition to these fragments of material culture, very, very little information about the Shubi civilization has come down to us, they are mostly of a legendary nature. Bohai legends also called the state of Shubi Land of Magic Mirrors And Land of the Flying People.
More legends say that they all went to underground city, the entrance to which is located on the top of a large mountain (most likely Mount Pidan), that they made magic mirrors that can show the future from some kind of not quite ordinary gold. From this gold a two-meter statue of the so-called Golden Baba, which, like an ancient idol, was worshiped by both the Bohai and the Jurchens. Legends say that this gold was not mined on the territory of Primorye, but it was brought through underground passages from the depths of volcanoes. When the cities of the Shubi country were empty, and the Bohai and Jurchens went underground to the kingdom of the Shubi birds, they took with them “forty wagons loaded to the brim with gold,” and this gold also disappeared.
Interesting information about mysterious mirrors is given by a modern writer, traveler and researcher Vsevolod Karinberg in his essay "The Mystery of "Magic" Mirrors or the Matrix":
“In Chinese paintings depicting celestials traveling through the clouds and the peaks of mythical mountains, you often see their “magic” mirrors in their hands. "Magic mirrors" already existed in the 5th century, but the book "The History of Ancient Mirrors", which described how they were made, was lost in the 8th century. The convex reflective side is cast in light bronze, polished to a luster and covered with mercury amalgam. Under different lighting, if you hold a mirror in your hand, it is no different from the usual one. However, under bright sunlight through its reflective surface, you can "look through" and see patterns and hieroglyphs on the reverse side. In some mysterious way, massive bronze becomes transparent. Shen Gua in his book "Reflections on the Lake of Dreams" in 1086 wrote: "There are "mirrors that transmit light", on the back of which there are about twenty ancient hieroglyphs that cannot be deciphered, they" show through "on the front side and are reflected on the wall of the house , where they can be clearly seen. They are all similar to each other, all very ancient, and all transmit light ... "
So what are these ancient hieroglyphs that could not be deciphered by a Chinese scientist already in the 11th century? Chinese sources speak of a letter from the Bohai ruler, written in characters incomprehensible to the Chinese, resembling the paw prints of animals and birds. Moreover, this letter is not readable in any of the languages of the Tungus-Manchurian group, which includes the Bohai and Jurchens. Therefore, this language hastened to be called unreadable and dead.
Moreover, we were able to find images of Jurchen emperors. Or rather, not images, but busts that are exhibited today in the Chinese city of Harbin, in a museum called the Museum of the First Capital of Jin.
The photographs show the busts of the first Jurchen emperor Taizu, Wanyan Aguda (1115-1123), the second Jurchen emperor Taizong, Wanyan Wuqimai (1123-1135), the younger brother of the previous emperor; the third Jurchen emperor Xizong, Wanyan Hela (1135-1149) and the fourth Jurchen emperor Hai Ling Wang, Wanyan Liang (1149-1161).
pay attention to racial traits of emperors. This white race people. In addition, the last picture shows an exhibit from the excavations of the Shaiginsky settlement, which is 70 km away. north of the city of Nakhodka, a unique cultural monument of the Jurchens on the territory of Primorsky Krai. This mirror was discovered in 1891, and in 1963 excavations of this monument began, which continued until 1992. As we can see, it depicts a solar symbol Slavic-Aryans.
As early as the beginning of the 20th century, there was something known about the Jurchen civilization, magic mirrors showing the future, and other artifacts of this empire. And this is not surprising, because the territory of Primorye was part of - vast empire of the White Race, which at one time occupied the territory of the whole of Eurasia. Europeans knew about its existence as early as the 17th century, despite the fact that Europe was already completely torn away from it and began to write its “nezalezhnaya” history.
“Professor Yershov at the Institute of Programming and Informatics conducted research on the problem of Chinese mirrors in Novosibirsk Academgorodok. And, it seems, something cleared up with them, if all the conclusions were suddenly classified. Research was also carried out in Leningrad (St. Petersburg) at the Electromechanical Institute under the direction of Zhores Alferov. They showed that the bronze alloy that makes up the mirror contains, in addition to copper, tin, zinc, rare earth elements of groups 6 and 7: rhenium, iridium. The alloy contains nickel, gold, mercury, silver, platinum, palladium, as well as radioactive elements - impurities of thorium, actinium, uranium.
And the special light bronze of the front surface of the mirror contains phosphorus in large quantities for something. It is assumed that when sunlight hits the mirror, the alloy is excited and its radioactive radiation causes the front mirror surface to glow in certain places. There is another trick in these mirrors - a spiral winding of multilayer metal tapes on the handle. There is a hypothesis that through this handle the human bioenergy is transmitted to the mirror. And that is why someone is able to simply activate the mirror, and someone - see pictures of the future.
The symbols on the back surface of the mirror act on the human psyche, and it is they that allow you to tune in to the pictures of the subtle world. The combination of rare elements in the alloy, inherent in Chinese mirrors, is only found at one mine. In 1985 on about. Kunashir in the former closed zone of the Japanese Imperial Reserve on the Zolotaya River, next to the Tyatya volcano, adits were discovered where the Japanese mined gold throughout the war, moreover, ore, chemically bound, and not loose, which is why no one knew about it.
And here we come again to the mystery of Bohai gold. According to legend, when the Bohai people went underground, they took with them “forty wagons loaded to the brim with gold.” The largest gold bar was the Golden Woman - a sculpture about two meters high. Both Shubi gold and Bohai gold were not mined in the territory of modern Primorye. Gold was brought through underground passages from the underground country of Shubi, from the depths of volcanoes. When the cities of the Shubi country were empty, the gold disappeared.
The gold of Shubi, or, if you like, the gold of Bohai, reveals one secret, because of which, perhaps, the researchers of the secrets of magic mirrors, the pioneers in Primorye, perished. No one imagined what would happen volcano gold, especially ore. The melt squeezes through basalt rocks, in some "pockets" up to 1200 grams per cubic meter of soil. Inside volcanoes - silver, platinum and rare earth elements, and very rare in nature.
The history of Primorsky Krai has a long period, approximately 30 thousand years. This is confirmed by the ancients. In later Chinese chronicles, one can find information about the population of Primorsky Krai. According to them, this area was quite densely populated. Ancient people were engaged in fishing, gathering, hunting, breeding pigs and dogs. In the Middle Ages, there were their own centers of civilization - the states of the Tungus Bohai, Jurchens.
Monuments of the prehistoric period
The earliest monument of the prehistoric period in the history of Primorsky Krai is the cave of the Geographical Society, located in the rock of the Ekaterininsky massif, which historians attribute to the time of the early Paleolithic, its age is 32 thousand years. It is located in the Partizansky district near the village of Yekaterinovka.
Findings made by archaeologists confirm the ancient history of Primorsky Krai. The monuments of Osinovskaya culture, located near the village of Osinovka, Mikhailovsky district, and Ustinovskaya culture, located near the village of Ustinovka, Kavalerovsky district, date back to this time. They were opened in 1953.
The Neolithic includes monuments of several cultures, such as Zaisanovskaya, Boysmanskaya, Imanskaya, Vetkinskaya, Rudninskaya. They are represented by finds of pottery and textiles. The most significant are located in a cave in burial grounds on the shores of Boysmanovskaya Bay. Representatives of the Zaisanov culture, who inhabited the southern regions of Primorsky Krai, were engaged in agriculture.
The Bronze Age in the history of Primorsky Krai is characterized by the appearance of fortified settlements, which speaks of armed conflicts. Monuments of the Margaritovskaya culture are located in the eastern region of the region, in the bays of the Fisherman Sailor, Olga, Transfiguration, Evstafiya.
Age of Iron
With the onset of the Iron Age (800 BC), settlements arose. Their inhabitants are representatives of the Yankovo culture. These are the first ancient people in the history of Primorsky Krai who were engaged in the cultivation of crops. They planted millet and barley, made pottery and metal tools, were engaged in fishing and gathering.
Almost at the same time, representatives of another culture lived in the West of Primorye - Krounovskaya. These are the Woju tribes.
First states
The following can be briefly said about this period in the history of Primorsky Krai. In 500 years of our era, Primorye was inhabited by sumo moeh tribes, who formed the first state in the history of the region. It became known as Bohai in the 8th century, but did not last long (698-926). This period of history is characterized by the fact that the stratification of society begins, and there are estates, authorities based on legitimate violence.
Qualitatively different forms of management appear in the economy: tillage farming, crafts such as blacksmithing, pottery, and weaving are emerging. The first cities appear. At the beginning of the 10th century, the state of Bohai was destroyed by the nomadic Mongolian tribes of the Khitans. The territory was plundered and lay in ruins.
As a result of the unification of the heishui moeh, which since the 10th century have been called the Jurchens, a new state of Jin, or the Golden Empire, was formed. Time of existence - from 1115 to 1234. This state pursued a warlike policy. In 1125, she defeated the Liao - Khitan Empire, waged wars with the Chinese Song Empire, as a result of which she managed to subjugate Northern China. The decline of the Jin Empire came in the 13th century due to the Mongol invasions. To say briefly: in the history of Primorsky Krai, the time of ancient cities was over.
The eastern remnants of the empire, which retained their independence, formed the state of Eastern Xia, which lasted until 1233. After the third campaign of the Mongols, it ceased to exist. After the fourth invasion of the Mongols, who forcibly took the male population into the army, and the rest of the inhabitants were resettled in the valley of the Liaohe River, making them slaves. Historians have not found the presence of other states on the territory of Primorsky Krai.
The history of the development of Primorsky Krai by Russian pioneers
It is documented that the appearance of Russians in the Primorsky Territory dates back to 1655. This is the time of the development of Siberia. The Cossacks moved further to the East across a huge, practically uninhabited territory until they reached the Pacific coast. The first detachment to reach northern Primorye came under the command of O. Stepanov. Gradually, the advance of the Russians to the East became more and more noticeable. Fugitive peasants, convicts, adventurers, schismatics made their way here from central Russia, who played a significant role in the history of the development of Primorsky Krai.
The impassable lands were an obstacle. But the establishment of centralized power in Siberia was the reason for the movement of the Russian population to the East. Primorsky Krai was of interest not only to Russian researchers, but also to the French. IN early XVIII century, in 1787, cartographic expeditions from France worked in Primorye.
The east coast was surveyed by the famous French traveler Jean La Perouse. Their research has left a significant mark on the history of development and study of the Primorsky Territory. Maps compiled by the French were used by Russian pioneers for a long time.
In order to officially secure the territory of the Primorsky Territory, the Russian government decides to legalize it, forming the Primorsky Region. It included coastal lands Eastern Siberia including Kamchatka. A year later, in 1857, the Amur Region separated from the Primorsky Region.
Inclusion of Primorye into Russia
The sovereign territory of any state has borders. After Primorye was incorporated into Russia, the border with China was legally formalized by the Treaty of Aigun (1858) and confirmed and expanded by the Treaty of Beijing (1860). The territory defined by the treaties became practically the same as at present. I would like to note that the Chinese consider the treaties unfair and are confident that sooner or later the territory, including Vladivostok, will pass to them.
Founding of Vladivostok
The main central settlement was the city of Nikolaevsk, which is currently part of the Khabarovsk Territory. Based in this area Pacific Fleet. Governor-General of Eastern Siberia N. Muravyov-Amursky in 1859 examined the coastal area on his ship in order to choose a convenient bay for the construction of a port. He found her - this is the protected bay of the Golden Horn. Exactly one year later, a military post was set up here, and later the city of Vladivostok was built. This year he will be 158 years old.
Founding of Ussuriysk
One of major cities Far East is the city of Ussuriysk, Primorsky Krai. The history of its formation is one of many similar stories of other settlements in Primorye. Initially, the settlement founded by settlers was called Nikolsk in honor of Nikolai Ugodnik. It was founded in 1866 by settlers from Voronezh and
Subsequently, immigrants from Ukraine were resettled here. The largest garrison was based here. After 30 years from the date of foundation, the number of inhabitants was more than 8 thousand people. Initially, the city was called Nikolsk-Ussuriysky, until 1957 it was called Voroshilov. Currently it is Ussuriysk.
Settlement of Primorsky Krai
The most significant role in the history of the creation of Primorsky Krai was played by the Cossacks. It was they who created the first villages and military posts in the bays of the Sea of Japan. The government set two most important tasks for them: to settle on new lands, build new settlements and guard their territory.
The detachments of the newly formed battalion of the district of the Amur region became the pioneers. In the summer of 1889 they were forcibly resettled from other Cossack parts of Russia. According to the order received, those who were to leave their homeland forever were determined by casting lots. Therefore, the Cossacks perceived the resettlement as a link. This lasted for four long years - from 1858 to 1862.
Government Russian Empire Special Rules were developed and published that determined the procedure for the settlement of Russian citizens and foreigners in the Primorsky and Amur regions, open for settlement. The history of the discovery of Primorsky Krai shows that the resettlement to the Far East stirred up the whole of Russia. There were many applicants, but not quite enough for a huge empty territory. From 1861 to 1917 269 thousand people were resettled in Primorsky Krai. The process itself can be divided into three stages.
Three stages of settlement in Primorsky Krai
The first stage includes the resettlement of Cossacks and soldiers, as well as peasants from the central regions of Russia and Ukraine. People set off on a journey with their families, and sometimes entire villages moved to the East on foot, on carts loaded with belongings acquired over the years.
The inefficiency of this method forced the government to organize a sea route, along which people reached their place of permanent residence in a few months. In 1882, a regular flight Odessa - Vladivostok was opened. In this way, residents of the Ukrainian provinces traveled to a greater extent. The percentage of Ukrainian immigrants ranged from 70 to 80% of the total. The history of the villages of Primorsky Krai can be traced by their names.
The completion of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1901 reduced the travel time to 18 days. This path worked until 1904. The outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War stopped the resettlement. But then it continued until 1917.
Reasons for relocation
The history of the formation of Primorsky Krai is an interesting material for research. Hundreds of thousands of people were torn from their permanent place of residence and moved to the East. Some went of their own free will. The Cossacks and the military were forced to move. There were several reasons for the government's interest in this issue.
- The first, and most important, is the small number of people living in a vast area. Plus the lack of settlements: cities, villages. After all, it was with the arrival of immigrants that the history of the development of Primorsky Krai began. There were large and small settlements. Virgin land was plowed up, workshops appeared, commercial fishing and mining began, and trade intensified.
- The second reason is the abolition of serfdom, which caused the appearance of thousands of landless peasants who began to move to the cities, where even without them the situation became more tense. This was facilitated by the difficult economic situation, the revolutionary mood of the people, and the deplorable results of the Russo-Japanese war.
- The strategic importance of access to the Pacific Ocean. The strengthening of Russia's positions on the Pacific coast was impossible due to the sparsely populated territory, the great distance from populated and economically developed regions, and the lack of transport routes.
The number of resettled people was 269 thousand people. It would have been more effective, but this was prevented by the First World War and the 1917 revolution.
First settlements
In 1859, the first Cossack settlements of Knyazhesky, Ilyinsky, Verkhne-Mikhailovsky and others appeared, which later became villages. In 1861, the village of Fuding was built - the first in the history of resettlement. The list of villages in the Primorsky Territory was replenished every year - the village of Voronezhskaya, the villages of Vladimiro-Andreevskoye, Razdolnoye, Astrakhanka, Nikolskoye, which later became the city of Ussuriysk.
In Southern Primorye, on the Khanka River, the Cossacks created 10 settlements. Gradually people settled down, there was a development of villages. An example is the history of Ussuriysk in Primorsky Krai, which has become one of the largest cities in the Far East.
At the initial stage of settlement, people were engaged in crafts: logging, fishing, hunting, picking berries, mushrooms, ginseng. Vladivostok appeared The history of cities, settlements, villages in the Primorsky Territory was replenished with a number of significant events. At the beginning of the 20th century, the world was struck by a crisis. In Russia, this was exacerbated by political instability. This did not go unnoticed in Primorye, as it affected the construction railways, the number of migrants, the reduction of investment, subsidies. The seaside enterprises have reduced the volume of work.
The outbreak of the Russo-Japanese war placed a heavy burden on the shoulders of the inhabitants of Primorye. The lack of food and essential goods, high cost, morale after a crushing defeat in the Russian-Japanese war, isolation from the main territory of Russia made the situation of the inhabitants of Primorye depressing. Improvement came only by 1908. But a new war, this time the First World War, brought new disappointments and hardships.
Primorsky Territory in 1917-1922
After the Bolsheviks came to power, a decree on peace was promulgated and an armistice was concluded with Germany. This did not suit the Entente countries at all, which took retaliatory measures - intervention against Russia. In the Far East in 1918, the British landed, who would be in charge there until 1922.
The absence of guarded borders opened the way for foreign migrants who freely entered the territory of Russia. The Koreans formed their settlements here, the Chinese also flooded the border areas, freely passing inland. The political life of the region continued, on 04/08/1920 the creation of the Far Eastern Republic (FER) was announced, which included the Primorsky Region.
In May 1921, in the south of Primorsky Krai, as a result of the overthrow Soviet power, the Amur Zemsky Territory is formed, which lasted until the capture of the city of Vladivostok by the FER army in 1922. The history of the districts of Primorsky Krai continued, experiencing more and more new events.
It became part of the RSFSR in 1922. Having come to power, the Bolshevik government faced the same problem as the tsarist government - the sparsely populated region. The estates were abolished, and this led to the fact that tens of thousands of acres of land of the Ussuri Cossack army ended up in local government bodies, the owners of which died or fled abroad.
From 1926 to 1928 in Primorsky Krai, immigrants from the Volga cities that survived the famine arrived, who were sent to develop the Khanka Plain. It was they who formed the backbone of collectivization. The other part of the settlers are demobilized soldiers who remained after serving in the Primorsky Territory. There was a reason for them to stay here.
The fact is that in 1932 passports were introduced. At that time, only townspeople received them in the USSR. Passports were issued to rural residents by decision of the village councils, which gave their consent in exceptional cases. Formally, the inhabitants of the villages were assigned to a certain place. But military personnel were issued a passport at the place of demobilization. Therefore, many decided to stay in Primorye in order to receive a document, first for a year, then for five years.
A large number of young and healthy guys created another problem - the lack of a female population. And then the wife of Major Khetagurov appeals to all the girls of the country with an appeal to come to the Far East. Five thousand young girls responded to him.
Districts of Primorsky Krai
The region was formed by the government of the USSR in 1938. Its administrative center is Vladivostok. The history of the regions of Primorsky Krai is also interesting. Their development depended on climatic conditions. Most of them are located in the temperate monsoon zone. Most of the population lives here. Four districts belong to the regions of the Far North. The region is home to 2 million people. In 1922, the total population was about 600 thousand people.
Development of the Far East
During the years of the Great Patriotic War and immediately after it, life in the Primorsky region froze. But in 1950-1960, the government of the USSR developed a number of measures for the development of the Far East region. These were effective measures that made it possible to attract and retain a large number of volunteers there, the number of which tripled the number of people living in Primorye. The main task was to create comfortable working and living conditions, which we managed to do.
Defense, fishing and construction industries developed in the region. The government provided a number of benefits. People moved here for permanent residence. In the 1990s, a radical change occurred. Benefits were abolished, the defense industry practically ceased to exist. Factories and industrial enterprises were closed. This provoked a reverse outflow of people, which has not been stopped to date.
Leading experts in the field of ancient and medieval history Primorye evaluate the summer of 2010 as another step towards understanding the secrets hidden in the past of Primorye. They have something to brag about.
There are interesting finds from the Paleolithic period at the Krasnaya Sopka-2 site - unique bone tips,- said Dmitry Kudryashov, post-graduate student of the Department of Archeology, Ethnography and Cultural History of the Far Eastern State University. - In Primorye, bone products are not preserved due to the characteristics of the soil, and now we can draw conclusions about the technologies of the Stone Age people.
Photos provided by Nadezhda Artemyeva, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Medieval Archeology of the Institute of the History of Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Interesting scientific material was obtained from the analysis of the geography of settlements in the north of the region: 15 Fortified settlements located above the mouths of the rivers and controlling navigation, speak of the confrontation of different cultures already 3 thousand years ago, - Olga Dyakova, head of the laboratory of the Institute of the History of Archeology and Ethnography of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, voiced the hypothesis...
Another - previously unknown phenomenon - Smolensk culture. In the 5th - 12th centuries, a certain people lived on the territory of the Shkotovsky plateau in Primorye from Shtykovo to Arsenyev. Traces of this culture were discovered by the candidate of historical sciences Vladimir Shevkunov. What was the form of government and how they communicated with other natives is unknown. It is known that the Smolensk residents differed from other local tribes both culturally and, most importantly, genetically. For 10 years, skeptics denied the existence of such a people. But after a series of works it became clear - the hypothesis has the right to exist!
Two dangers: summit construction sites and black diggers
There is no consensus among scientists - is it worth naming the places of new finds? To indicate where they dug means to attract the attention of “black archaeologists” and simply inquisitive people with shovels. Not to name is also useless: while doing their business, illegal antiquities seekers study history no worse than recognized specialists.
We know about 2.5 thousand ancient monuments on the territory of Primorsky Krai, and these are only discovered and described monuments, - said the deputy. Director of the Educational and Scientific Museum of the Far Eastern State University Alexander Popov. - The preservation of these antiquities is more important, for various reasons we lose many settlements every year.
The construction of the summit alone destroyed the ancient settlement in the bay of Ajax on the island Russian, under the bridge on Cape Pospelov, the shell heaps of the Yankovskaya culture died, new roads were laid through the ramparts and settlements. Civilizations are not up to the preservation of shards and fragments. Although, being stopped in time, builders and business go towards scientists.
It is worse when “black archaeologists” with metal detectors climb onto the objects and barbarously destroy cultural layers, Nadezhda Artemyeva complained.
Treasure for the ancients was an ingot of iron
We dug blacksmith workshops and found two real treasures, - shared Nadezhda Artemyeva. - In one place, behind the chimney, someone hid a large ingot of iron, in another - a ladle for casting metal. These are definitely treasures - objects could not be lost or rolled into such a place. They were specially hidden from strangers.
Among the finds, there are 9 anvils at once, obviously collected in one place for remelting. This says a lot to specialists - on the territory of Primorye there are neither deposits of copper, nor tin, nor easily mined precious metals, and spears and arrows are sometimes found without a trace of rust. So there was a road network, there was a logistics system, there were technologies developed enough for mass production.
Plate armor raised in one famous site, consisting of approximately 500 elements, did not retain leather or woven parts. And the metal almost did not rot and completely allows us to reconstruct this cuirass, - said Nadezhda Artemyeva. - For some, this is an expensive souvenir, but for some, it is another step towards understanding the events that took place in Primorye hundreds and even thousands of years ago.
Source: http://suchan.narod.ru/histnikgor.html
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