On the sandy white coast of the island in the east. Ishikawa Takuboku: Poems. From the book "A Handful of Sand"

The collection includes poems from the books A Handful of Sand, Sad Toy, Whistle and Whistle and poems from various books.

Self love songs

On the sandy white shore
islet
In the Eastern Ocean
I, without wiping my wet eyes,
I play with a small crab.

Oh how sad you are
Lifeless sand!
I can barely hold you in my hand
The rustle is barely audible
Falling between your fingers.

Where the tears fell
wet
Grain of sand.
How heavy have you become
A tear!

Can I forget
The one who, without brushing away tears,
running down the cheek,
Showed me
How quickly a handful of sand falls.

To the sand hills
A broken trunk is nailed by a wave,
And I, looking around,
About the most secret
I'm trying to at least tell him.

In front of the vast sea
I am alone.
What a day
As soon as tears come to the throat,
I'm leaving the house.

On the sandy hill
I lay for a long time
face down,
Remembering distant pain
My first love.

A hundred times
On the coastal sand
Sign "Great" I wrote
And, throwing away the thought of death,
Went home again.

With annoyance
Mother called me
Then, finally, he noticed:
By the cup with chopsticks
I knock, I knock...

In the evening without a fire I sat
And suddenly I look:
Coming out of the wall
Father and mother,
Leaning on sticks.

I'm joking
He put his mother on his shoulders
She was so easy
That I couldn't live without tears
And three steps to go!

Without a purpose
I'm from I go out at home,
Without a purpose
I'm coming back.
Friends laugh at me.

Like somewhere
Subtly crying
Cicada…
So sad
In my heart.

I took the mirror
Began to build
Grimaces in a hundred ways
What only could ...
When I'm tired of tears.

Tears, tears -
Great miracle!
Washed with tears
Heart
Ready to laugh again.

"And just because of this
Die?"
"And just for this
Live?"
Leave, leave useless argument.

To make it easy on the heart!
To find one like this
Joyful work!
"I'll finish it
And then I'll die," I thought...

Night fun
In Aeacusa Park,
Intervened in the crowd.
left the crowd
With a sad heart.

When, as a rare guest,
Comes to the heart
Silence,
It's easy for me to listen
Even the strike of the clock.

I climbed to the top of the mountain.
Involuntarily
From happiness
He waved his hat.
Went down again.

And somewhere people are arguing:
Who will pull out
Lucky draw?
And I would be with them
Compete.

I would like to be angry
Shatter the vase!
To break immediately -
Ninety nine -
And die.

In the tram
Happens to me every time
Some shorty
Drinks with cunning eyes.
I began to fear these meetings.

In front of the mirror shop
I was suddenly surprised...
So that's what I am!
frayed,
Pale.

I'm in an empty house
Has entered
And smoked a little
I wanted
To be alone.

I don't know why
I dreamed so much
Ride by train.
Here, I got off the train.
And nowhere to go

burrow
In a soft pile of snow
Burning face...
Such love
I want to love!

Hands crossed on chest
Often I think now:
“Where is he, the giant enemy?
Let it come out
Dance before me!”

Would yawn
Thinking of nothing
As if awakened
From a long
From a hundred years of sleep.

white hands,
Big hands...
Everyone is talking about him:
"What an extraordinary man he is!"
And so, I met him.

With a light heart
I wanted to praise him
But in a proud heart
hid deep
Sadness.

It's raining -
And in my house
Everyone has
Such hazy faces...
If only the rain would stop soon!

Am I flattered?
No, anger takes me.
How sad
Know yourself
Too good!

The fun time is over
When I loved
Suddenly knock
At someone else's door
To run towards me.

Yesterday I held on to people
Like the chosen one
Ruler of thoughts
But after the soul -
Such bitterness!

unsuitable for business
dreamer poet,
That's what he thinks of me.
And he has something, just him
I had to ask for a loan.

"That's good
And this is good!" -
Other people are talking.
Envy me
Such a lightness of spirit.

How fun to listen
mighty rumble
Dynamos.
Oh, if only I
That's how you talk to people!

When to Serve
capricious,
impudent tyrants,
How scary
Seems like the whole world!

There is a joyful
mild fatigue,
When, without taking a breath,
finish
Hard work.

Frozen sticks in hand
And suddenly I thought with fear:
"Oh, finally
To the order established in the world,
I've gotten used to it too!

Like soaking up water
To failure
The sea sponge is getting heavier
So feeling heavy
It grows in my soul.

Just like that, for nothing
Would run!
Until it takes your breath away
run
On the soft meadow grass.

From I'll go out at home,
It's like I wake up.
After all, there is a warm sun somewhere.
Deep,
I will take a deep breath.

Finally ran away today
Like a sick animal
Knowing no peace
Anxiety…
She broke out of her heart and ran away.

ABOUT My friend,
Don't blame anyone
For being so pathetic.
Hungry,
And I look like him.

The smell of fresh ink.
Pulled out the plug.
I, hungry, suddenly
Sucked under the spoon ...
Sad life!

"Let them all perish,
Who at least once
made me
Bow your head!" -
I prayed...

I had two friends
Similar to me in every way.
One died.
And the other
I got out of prison sick.

"Poetry must be as high as the sky,
and earthly, like daily bread.
V. Markova

Like the thread broke
At the kite...
So easy, inconspicuous
flew away
The heart of my youthful days.

Dear subscribers and guests of the Music of the Soul blog!

I want to dedicate this article to the miniatures of the famous Japanese lyric author Ishikawa Takuboku. He became interested in poetry as a child, and at the age of sixteen, without finishing school, he went to Tokyo to become a poet. For 2 years, he created more than 500 tanks, which were included in the collection "A Handful of Sand". It was this collection that made him famous. Ishikawa Takuboku contracted tuberculosis at a young age and struggled to make ends meet. He married early, and named his daughter Sonechka. He loved F. Dostoevsky very much. His second collection of five lines, Sad Toys, came out after the poet's death.

In this article, I want to say a few words about the translator of the tank, Vera Nikolaevna Markova. Vera Nikolaevna is known as the best translator of Japanese miniatures. She was born in Minsk, entered the Faculty of Philology at Petrograd University. And I got to the lectures of the famous orientalist, the founder Russian school Japanese Studies by Nicholas Conrad. Vera Nikolaevna fell in love with capacious Japanese poems and carried this love through her whole life. After some time, she became the best student of the academician, who prophesied that her destiny was to translate the lacy lines of the poets of old Japan. And, indeed, Vera Nikolaevna translated many famous poets Saigyo, Ishikawa Takuboku, Issho and others. Moreover, she did it so brilliantly that Hemingway's phrase, as E. Witkowski notes, "canned apricots are better than fresh" is very suitable for her work.

Koitsu, Tsuchiya ©

Her translation of Issa alone

"Quiet, quietly crawl
Snail on the slope
Up to the heights!"

became a revelation for Soviet poetry.
V.N. Markova translated Japanese folk tales, Laureate novel Nobel Prize Kawabaty Yasunari "Dancer from Izu", the famous literary monument of a thousand years ago "Notes at the Headboard", short stories, plays ... Vera Nikolaevna wrote prefaces to these books, and the prefaces are written in an accessible language, despite the depth of research. The Japanese government awarded her the Order of the Noble Treasure.
Everyone who was closely acquainted with Vera Nikolaevna notes her sharp mind, majesty and inner nobility. Unfortunately, I could not find her own poems, and those who read them say that they are magnificent. Vera Nikolaevna left for another world at the beginning of 1995, having lived for 87 years. And left us amazing translations!
In one of her prefaces to Ishikawa Takuboku, she wrote

“... the poems of Ishikawa Takuboku amaze with the intensity of emotions and the mean, carefully selected strokes with which the master draws lyrical image. One of the most famous poems is "On the sandy white shore". In five lines, sadness, endless loneliness, the vastness of the ocean and the endless uncertainty of the future are conveyed. This poem can only be quoted in its entirety, it is a perfection in which there is nothing to add or subtract:

On the sandy white shore
Ostrovka
In the Eastern Ocean
I, without wiping my wet eyes,
I play with a small crab.

I bring to your attention a few five lines by Ishikawa Takuboku. Thin, piercing, filled with sadness... The heart shrinks when reading them. He had a wife, a beloved daughter, but how lonely he was ...

I have already referred to the Japanese miniature under the heading "My Interviews" - in a conversation with my namesake, with my beloved. Amazing interview. One of my favorites. If you haven't read it, be sure to check it out. You will enjoy, I assure you!!

Can I forget
The one who, without brushing away tears,
running down the cheek
showed me
How quickly a handful of sand falls

"And just because of this
Die?"
"And just for this
Live?"
Leave, leave useless argument

Koitsu, Tsuchiya ©

In front of the vast sea
I am alone.
What a day
As soon as tears come to the throat,
I'm leaving the house.

I don't know why
I dreamed so much
Ride by train.
Here, I got off the train.
And nowhere to go

Sad sounds of the night
Fall meanly in silence
I wander alone
It's like picking them up
One by one from the ground.

Koitsu Tsuchiya ©

Pale green -
Have a drink
And become transparent
Like water. . .
If only such a cure could be found!

Like somewhere
Subtly crying
Cicada. . .
So sad
In my heart.

Opened my whole soul
During conversation. . .
But it seemed to me
I lost something
And I hurried away from my friend.

Tian You ©

Autumn has come.
Love anxiety
Doesn't let go for a minute. ..
Can't sleep all night.
Calls of wild geese.

Maybe that's why I'm so sad
What bright colors
Is not around me?
I sent to buy
Red flowers.

Moonlight
And my longing
filled heaven and earth,
Contacted
On an autumn night.

With a blank look
I told.
With a blank look
You listened.
That, perhaps, is all.

If suddenly on the street
The appearance flashes similar,
So it will cry
Heart in chest.
Have pity on me!

On the sandy hill
I lay for a long time
face down,
Remembering distant pain
my first

- 石川啄木 Ishikawa Takuboku. Photo of the 1900s Occupation: poet Date of birth ... Wikipedia

Ishikawa Takuboku- (literary pseudonym - Takuboku) (February 20, 1885 - October 28, 1912), Japanese writer and critic. He was a member of the literary society "New Poetry" ("Shinshisha"), headed by Yosano Hiroshi. The first collection of poems "Aspirations" was published in 1905, but the fame of the poet was created ...

Ishikawa Takuboku- (1886 1912) Japanese writer. Founder of democratic poetry of modern times. Introduced social themes into the traditional tanka form; He also wrote in free verse. Collections of lyrical poems A handful of sand (1910), Whistle and whistle (1911), ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Ishikawa Takuboku- (1886–1912) poet, prose writer, literary critic, which had a great influence on the development of modern tanka poetry, the renewal of its subject matter and language. Takuboku began composing tanka while still at school, however, having arrived at the age of 16 in Tokyo, he became interested ... ... All Japan

Ishikawa Takuboku- (1886 1912), Japanese writer. Love and landscape lyrics both in the traditional tanka genre and in free white verse "si" (collections "A Handful of Sand", 1910, "Whistling and Whistle", 1911, "Sad Toy", 1912); tragic mood... encyclopedic Dictionary

Ishikawa Takuboku- (real name Hajime) (18861912), Japanese writer. Lyrics (tanka and free white verse si): Sat. A Handful of Sand (1910), A Sad Toy (1912), Whistle and Whistle (1913). Novels, stories. Lit. criticism and journalism. ■ Poems, M., 1957; ... ... Literary Encyclopedic Dictionary

Ishikawa (disambiguation)- Ishikawa (Jap. 石川?, variant 石河) Japanese surname and toponym. Placename Ishikawa Prefecture located in the Chubu region on the island of Honshu, Japan. Ishikawa (Fukushima County) is a county in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Ishikawa (county, Ishikawa) prefecture county ... ... Wikipedia

ISIKawa- Takuboku (1886-1912), Japanese poet. Love, landscape lyrics; anarchist and socialist ideas in the traditional tanka genre and free white verse si (collection A Handful of Sand, 1910, Whistle and Whistle, 1911, Sad Toy, 1912) ... Modern Encyclopedia

Ishikawa- I Ishikawa Jun (born March 7, 1899, Tokyo), Japanese writer and critic. Graduated from the Tokyo Institute foreign languages(1920). Published since the mid 1930s. The story "Fuken" (1936), about the unfulfillment of a dream in modern life, was awarded an award to them. ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Takuboku, Ishikawa- ... Wikipedia

Books

• Lyrics, Takuboku I. Magnificent deluxe edition. The book is bound in cloth and slipcase, with three-sided gold trim and lace. Ishikawa Takuboku is one of Japan's most beloved poets. Many of his poems have become ... Buy for 4081 rubles
• Ishikawa Takuboku. Lyrics (Deluxe Edition), Ishikawa Takuboku. Excellent deluxe edition. The book is bound in cloth and slipcase, with three-sided gold trim and lace. Ishikawa Takuboku is one of Japan's most beloved poets. Many of his poems have become...

Ishikawa Takuboku(October 28, 1885, Tamayama village, Honshu Island - April 13, 1912, Tokyo) - Japanese writer.

He died very early, at twenty-six and a half years old, remaining in the memory of his people as an "eternal youth." In many places in Japan, you can see large boulders with carved lines of his poems, every Japanese knows them. They became folk songs. The works of no other Japanese writer of the 20th century have as many reprints as the poems of Ishikawa Takuboku. In Japanese literary science there is a separate branch - "takubokuznavstvo". Until now, several thousand books and articles about his life and work have been published. These works are no less popular than his own works.

The best part of the literary heritage of Ishikawa Takuboku is the one that brought him worldwide fame, this tanka (literally "short song"). He wrote them throughout creative life by publishing in magazines and newspapers. In total, the poet's legacy includes several hundred "short songs"; the seven hundred and forty-five selected tanks made up two separate collections. These thin little books are a kind of lyrical diaries of the poet of life.

Ishikawa Takuboku was born on October 28, 1885 (in some Japanese sources, Ishikawa Takuboku's birthday is February 20, 1886 - the date of registration of his birth) in the village of Tamayama, Iwate Prefecture in the northeast of Honshu. The real name of the poet is Hajime, that is, "the first". So they called him, apparently because he was the first and only boy in the family of the priest Ishikawa Ittei.

In the spring of 1887, the Ishikawa Takuboku family moved to the neighboring village of Sibutami, where his father became the rector of a Buddhist temple. This village is a poet and will be called his homeland in the future. Childhood is the happiest time in the life of a future poet. The only guy was a sissy in the family, all his desires were implicitly fulfilled. Having let in his father and another whim of his son - and at the age of five and a half, that is, before reaching the proper age, Hajime became a schoolboy. He was often sick, but he studied well, he stood out even among older classmates with extraordinary quick wits. No wonder the villagers called him "a child with God's gift." He graduated from the rural "four-year school" with honors.

To study in the next three grades of elementary school, the guy was sent to the capital of the prefecture - the city of Morioka. There he lived with his mother's brother. Immediately after leaving school, in April 1898, Hajime successfully passed the exams for the prefectural gymnasium. Becoming a high school student was a significant achievement for a rural boy at that time, so it is not surprising that the parents simply adored their son and, of course, had high hopes for him. And here, in the gymnasium, Hajime struck the teachers with a precocious mind. He even made friends mostly with high school students. One day, one of them, Kindaichi Kyosuke, who would become an outstanding Japanese philologist, gave him the Morning Star magazine to read, which began to be published in Tokyo by the Society new poetry". Since then, Ishikawa Takuboku, who was still seriously interested in literature, began to rave about it.

On turn of XIX-XX V. Japanese poetry was on the rise. After the bourgeois Meiji revolution of 1868, the works of European writers began to be intensively translated in Japan. In the system of Japanese versification, a new form of sіntaisi (literally - "poems of a new form") arose, because it was impossible to translate long poems of Western poets with traditional short forms of haiku (three lines) and tanka (n "yativirsh"). Japanese "poems of a new form" similar to our white verse, have an unlimited number of lines, mostly twelve folds with a caesura after the seventh composition.Many of the Japanese poets began to write their own works mainly in the form new form new meaning has come Japanese poetry a period of romanticism began, which reached its peak in the work of Shimazaki Toson (1872-1942).

Romantic trends have not bypassed and traditional forms. First, Masaoka Shiki (1867-1902), and then Yesano Tekkan (1873-1935), not only with their theoretical works, but also in practice, proved that hockey and tanka can only truly be revived thanks to new content. In 1899, Yesano Tekkan organized the "Society of New Poetry", to which he attracted most of the poets of that time, and from 1900 he began to publish the magazine "Morning Star" - he was destined to become the main tribune of romantic poetry.

Fascinated by the ideas of Tekkan, Ishikawa Takuboku began to write p "yativirshi and syntais in the spirit of the Morning Star poets, placing them, along with his articles, in handwritten school magazines. At this time, love came to a fifteen-year-old boy. Ishikawa Takuboku fell in love with Horia Setsuko, a girl who lived next door. In the future, he will marry her.

Having given himself up to poetry, the former "most talented of the students" began to skip classes little by little and receive not the best best grades. True, it cannot be said that the gymnasium no longer interested him at all - in 1901 he was one of the organizers of the students' strike. But after failing at the next exams and being reprimanded, he finally decided to leave the gymnasium, although six months remained to study before graduation. The seventeen-year-old boy believed that he had more important reasons to leave the gymnasium: he would become a writer.

At the end of October 1901, Ishikawa Takuboku went to Tokyo. There he met Tekkan and became a member of the New Poetry Society, thereby gaining the opportunity to publish his poems regularly in the Morning Star. However, daytime sitting in the library, of course, did not give him any income. He was kicked out of the apartment he rented. Hunger and cold finished the job: Ishikawa Takuboku. fell seriously ill. Upon learning of this, the frightened father came to Tokyo and took his son home.

Being treated after returning to Shibutami, Ishikawa Takuboku persistently engaged in self-education, wrote a lot - now, on the advice of Tekkan, mostly syntais. In December 1903, five of his "long poems" appeared on the pages of The Morning Star. This collection was first signed with the pseudonym Takuboku (literally - "Kluytree"), which was offered to the young poet Tekkan.

1904 - the year of the rapid rise in popularity of Ishikawa Takuboku. His poetry was in almost every issue of the Morning Star and in other publications. I. T. becomes known in wide literary circles. In the autumn of this year, the poet went to Tokyo for the second time, and a few months later, in May 1905, the collection Thirst (Akogare) was published in the capital, written in the style of "poems of a new form."

True, in the history of Japanese poetry, the first collection of Ishikawa Takuboku did not leave a noticeable mark. written under strong influence Romantic school - although very skillfully for a beginner - his poems were not original either in a language overloaded with archaisms and poetic prettiness, or in a theme where the motives of world sorrow and loneliness prevailed, aspiration divorced from life.

In June 1905, Ishikawa Takuboku was forced to leave Tokyo: the father, in order to financially support his son, sold the cryptomers that belonged to the temple, and, accused by the parishioners, lost his position. Ishikawa Takuboku went to Morioka, where his parents settled with their youngest daughter. Soon he got married. Since then, hard times have begun for the Ishikawa Takuboku family. Until his death, despite all efforts, he will never be able to escape from a semi-beggarly existence.

In early 1906, Ishikawa Takuboku and his family, now the sole breadwinner, returned to Shibutami and got a job as a teacher in home school. Meager earnings - eight yen a month - were not enough for five people, and therefore, hoping for a fee, he wrote a novel from the life of rural teachers in the late evenings. And he failed to publish "The Cloud of Genius" - his first prose work. The financial situation of the family worsened. In addition, soon the child was born. Father Ishikawa Takuboku, in order to rid the family of an extra mouth, left the house aimlessly, having the single most likely prospect: to starve to death somewhere under the fence. Soon he was found and returned home, but for Ishikawa Takuboku this event was a terrible shock. He realized that it was impossible to live like this any longer, that he had to look for earnings.

Before leaving the school, in April 1907, Hajime organized a student strike, which raised a great commotion throughout the village. “As if driven by stones,” the poet leaves his homeland. Taking only his younger sister with him, on May 4, 1907, Ishikawa Takuboku went to Hokkaido, where he stayed in the city of Hakodate. Members of the local society of poets helped him get a job as a teacher in primary school. Other sources of income also appeared: he was invited to manage the editorial office of a local poetry magazine, and later he also agreed to work in a newspaper publishing house. Life gradually improved. In early July, he summoned his wife and daughter, and a month later, his mother. But this time, please, the fate was not long. On the night of August 25, a huge fire burned down two-thirds of Hakodate. Everything burned down: the school, the editorial office of the magazine and the publishing house.

The sad wanderings of the poet around the island began. In Sapporo, he did not live long, only two weeks, because the position of a proofreader in a newspaper publishing house did not give the main - more or less decent income. About some kind of creative satisfaction from the work of Ishikawa Takuboku now did not dream. He moved to the city of Otaru and got a job at the editorial office of a newly opened newspaper, but he did not stay here for long either. Tired of constant quarrels, he was eventually forced to quit. Alone, without a family, in early 1908, Ishikawa Takuboku traveled across Hokkaido to the town of Kushiro, where he received the position of editor-in-chief of the local newspaper. “In search of my daily bread, I climbed further and further north,” Ishikawa wrote to Takuboku, “but even there the voice of a young movement reached my ears, which captured and public opinion, and literature. Peresit with the poetry of empty dreams and some life experience that I received helped me capture the spirit of this new movement.”

This new movement was naturalism - a rather complex and heterogeneous phenomenon in Japanese literature. This literary trend included both naturalism proper and critical realism. The magazine "Morning Star" and the whole direction of romanticism at that time lost their leading positions. There was a tendency to move from poetry to prose. The naturalistic and realistic prose works of Nagai Kafu, Shimazaki Toson, Kunikida Doppo gained popularity.

Ishikawa Takuboku happily welcomed the emergence of a new trend. In the article "A Branch on the Table" (February 1908) he wrote: "Naturalism was born to change literature, the great disadvantage of which is the exclusive attention only to formal craftsmanship." At the end of April 1908, having moved his family from Otaru to Hakodate and leaving them under the care of his friend Miyazaki Ikuu, Ishikawa Takuboku went to the capital. Here he was given asylum by Kindaichi Kyosuke, now a student at the University of Tokyo. Almost without leaving the room, for a month and a half, I. T. wrote five stories, none of the works was accepted for publication. There was nothing to help the family, debts grew, faith in one's own talent disappeared, and then thoughts of suicide began to appear.

During one of the sleepless nights, Ishikawa Takuboku began to write p "yativirshi" in his notebook. These were simple, unpretentious reflections on his beggarly life, memories of a happy childhood. These poems were not at all like those that he had written so far, they gave birth despair and a desire to hide from him somewhere.In two days, Ishikawa Takuboku wrote more than two hundred five-verses.

A significant change took place in his soul, in his views on literature. Here is an excerpt from his article “Poems You Can Eat” (1909): “You must fully develop your great talent. It is necessary to write poetry, having a feeling of inextricable connection with real life. It is necessary to write poems that would give off not the aroma of gourmet dishes, but the smell of our everyday food. We must write poems in which we feel the need. Perhaps this means lowering poetry from established positions to some lower ones, but it seems to me that poetry, the presence or absence of which does not change anything in our life, should be turned into an essential item. This is the only way to assert the right of poetry to exist.” Starting from July 1908, his p "yativirshi" were constantly published on the pages of various periodicals. "These are my sad toys," the poet said. ), and in June 1912, posthumously, - the collection "Sad Toys" ("Kanasіki Ganga"). It was they who made Ishikawa Takuboku the most beloved poet of the Japanese people.

In June 1911 Ishikawa Takuboku wrote several "long poems" of overtly political content. Subsequently, they compiled the collection Whistle and Whistle (Obiko-tokutibue, 1912).

The last, Tokyo, years of the writer's life (1908-1912) are not only a period of rapid development artistic skill, but also the period of the most intensive work: during this time several stories, dozens of literary-critical and journalistic articles, hundreds of poems were written.

Some of this huge amount of works by Ishikawa Takuboku managed to be published. In addition, he worked as a proofreader in one of the capital's newspapers, was an employee of the editorial office of the literary magazine Pleiades. So, a year after his arrival in Tokyo, he had the opportunity to call his mother and wife; A little later, my father arrived. The financial situation of the family gradually became better - more precisely, it approached the subsistence level. But the half-starved life of previous years brought its terrible consequences - tuberculosis appeared in the family. First, the little son who was born in October 1910 died. This bereavement hastened the death of Ishikawa Takuboku himself. He died on April 13, 1912. A month before, already doomed, he buried his mother. Ishikawa Takuboku's second daughter was born two months after his death. A year later, she became an orphan - in May 1913, Setsuko, the wife of Ishikawa Takuboku, died.

April is called "Takuboku month" in Japanese. Every year on April 13, Japan celebrates his day of remembrance. Ishikawa Takuboku became the founder of the realistic direction in the form of a tank. And not only the founder - so far not a single Japanese poet has reached in tanka those peaks of realistic skill that were available to the genius Ishikawa Takuboku.

Ishikawa Takuboku's five-line style is distinguished by its extreme simplicity of expression and at the same time deep psychologism, the absence of the slightest deliberateness, and through this - some imperfection of the bill of form. A friend of Ishikawa Takuboku, the poet Wakayama Bokusui wrote: "Sometimes it seems that, having forgotten, he is talking to himself, as if he is taking a breath." In these “self-talks”, Ishikawa Takuboku quite often violated the canon p "yativirsha tanka (1st and 3rd lines - five syllables, 2nd, 4th and 5th - seven), reducing or, more often, The clumsiness, from a formal point of view, of some of the five lines of Ishikawa Takuboku is, of course, not due to a lack of artistic skill (in the collection Thirst, he proved the opposite). , philologist and poet of the 8th century: "... sincere human feelings- gentle, unequal and even unreasonable. And since poetry is something that describes feelings, it befits it to be in harmony with feelings, that is, to be uneven, angular and not smoothed.

But the main merit of Ishikawa Takuboku is not in the “deepening” of the form poetic miniature(in the triverses of the 17th-century poet Matsuo Basho there are also more significant "liberties") and not in the fact that in his tanka he began to widely use the words of lively, folk speech instead of book vocabulary. The innovation of Ishikawa Takuboku is, first of all, the decisive democratization of the content of the "short song". Many of the stamps of the medieval tank have already been abandoned by the romantics. But even in their works, the two main themes of the classical p "yativirsh remained the main ones: nature and love. In the Ishikawa Takuboku tank, these themes no longer dominate the others. The theme of his five-line poems is the most uniform, she knows neither sympathy nor restrictions.

Such a democratic content was characteristic of the poetic genre of haiku, which flourished in the 17th-18th centuries. So, we can say that Ishikawa Takuboku made a certain synthesis of the tanka form and the haiku genre.

Some works of Ishikawa Takuboku were translated into Ukrainian by G. Turkov and M. Fedorishin.