What is cinquain: traditional and didactic forms. What is cinquain and how to make it? Cinquain on the topic information examples

History of occurrence

Formation of analytical abilities

Drawing up a syncwine, a short summary based on large amounts of information, is useful for developing the ability to analyze. Unlike school essay, cinquain requires less time, although it has a more rigid framework in terms of the form of presentation, and its writing requires the compiler to implement almost all of his personal abilities (intellectual, creative, figurative). Thus, the procedure for compiling a syncwine allows you to harmoniously combine the elements of all three main educational systems: informational, activity and personality-oriented.

variability

Various variations for compiling a syncwine contribute to the diverse composition of tasks. In addition to independent (as in a pair, group) compiling a new syncwine, options are possible with:

drafting short story according to the finished syncwine (using the words and phrases that make up the syncwine);
correction and improvement of the finished syncwine;
analysis of an incomplete syncwine to determine the missing part (for example, a syncwine is given without specifying a topic - without the first line, it is necessary to determine it based on the existing ones).

Notes

Links

Examples of syncwines: Exercise "Sinkwine -" Tolerance "" and Composing syncwines - in the section Psychological exercises for trainings on TrePsy.net.
Cinquain. (English)

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This article is about Japanese poetry, for the operating system, see Haiku. This page is proposed to be renamed Haiku (Hokku). Explanation of reasons and discussion on the Wikipedia page: To rename / December 19, 2012. Perhaps its current ... ... Wikipedia

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A short poem without rhyme, consisting of five lines, is called a syncwine. Sincwine happens different types, but the most popular today is the "didactic sequence", which is widely used in educational institutions. Consider the ways of compiling a sequence.

What is cinquain: traditional and didactic forms

In the early 20th century, the American poet, Adelaide Crepsey, came up with a form of five-line poem based on counting the syllables in each line. She was inspired to this action by Japanese tanka and haiku. Semantic structure of the traditional syncwine invented by her had a syllabic structure 2 - 4 - 6 - 8 - 2, i.e. in the first line there are two syllables, in the second - three, etc.). As a result, the poem consisted of 22 syllables.

The first, the use of didactic syncwine, was used by schools in America. Compared to other types of syncwine, this option was based on a semantic assignment in each line, and not on counting syllables.

The classic (strict) didactic cinquain is built like this:

in the first line - the presence of a pronoun or noun, that is, one word that is the theme of syncwine;
in the second line - the presence of a participle or an adjective describing the properties of the word from the first line;
in the third line - the presence of a gerund or a verb that tells about the actions of the word from the first line;
in the fourth line, the sentence should consist of four words, with the help of which the poet’s personal relationship to the theme of syncwine is revealed;
the fifth line consists of one word of any part of speech, revealing the idea of the topic.

The resulting poem can touch on any topic.

Didactic cinquain allows indentation from the rules. For example, a resume or main topic may not consist of one word, but combinations of three to five words, and only predicates can be used in the description of actions.

Composing a syncwine

No literary talent or special knowledge is required to compose sequins. All that is required is proper mastering of the form. As a training, it is better to take the topic most known and familiar to the author, starting with a simple one. For example, take the topic “soap”.

The first line contains the word "soap".
The second line should contain two adjectives reflecting the properties of this item. What kind of soap? By means of listing adjectives in the mind that describe how a specific soap (violet, orange, liquid, baby, etc.) and in general (fragrant, slippery, foaming), two suitable words are selected. As a result, the choice was made on such words as: "strawberry, transparent".
The third line needs a description of the three actions of the main theme. At this stage, students find it difficult to choose words, since actions mean not only the actions of the object itself, but also the influence on this object from the outside, and its influence on others. For example, in addition to the fact that soap can smell and lie in a soap dish, it can fall out of your hands or slip out, or make you cry, and you can also use it to wash. As a result, we will opt for this option: "Bubble, smell, wash."
In the fourth line, the author should express his personal attitude to the main topic. Schoolchildren, at this stage, may also have difficulty in choosing words, since soap cannot cause any particular relationship among those who are not an avid cleaner, a fan of this subject, or simply do not give much pleasure to the washing process . Here one should take into account not only the personal attitude of the author, but also the challenge of certain associations associated with the main theme.

For example, you can take such a fact from the author’s biography as breaking his knee as a result of the fact that he once slipped on soap, or talk about the independent preparation of this subject. Regardless of the chosen moments from life, which are taken as the basis for writing the fourth line, it must be remembered that the thought must fit into three or five words. For example, "Hands are washed before eating." One can also give an example of tasting a soap that has a pleasant smell, as a result of which the author was disappointed and annoyed. As a result, you get this line: "The taste is nasty, the sweet smell."

The last line should reveal the intent of the topic, i.e. contain a kind of summary, consisting of one or two words. In other words, after reading the created poem, reflect on the image that has arisen and try to express your feelings with the help of one word. Also, you can think about the significance of this subject, as in own life, and in public, reflect on its main property. The main thing is that the last line should be the result of the above. For example, the fourth line talks about the need to wash hands, which means that in the fifth line it is more appropriate to put the word “hygiene” or “cleanliness” as a summary.
If, however, the fourth line is based on a memory associated with an unsuccessful taste test of soap, then it should be summarized with the word “deception” or “disappointment”.

What happened in the end? An example of a classic didactic syncwine of a strict form.

Soap.

Strawberry, transparent.

Bubbles, smells, washes.

The taste is nasty, sweet smell.

Deception.

Despite the fact that such a poem is rather short, in it the children are not only able to recognize themselves, but also touched on the functionality and properties of this subject, while writing an amusing five-line verse.

By training on a simple one, you can make the transition to a more complex, but familiar one. For example, you can take the word "class", "family" or words associated with any season as the main theme. If the word “mother” is chosen as the syncwine, then this will be an excellent basis for composing a poem for a holiday card for International Women's Day. In addition, such poems of the same theme can be used at general class events.

How to put the stress in the word...

Parents and teachers are concerned that children have stopped loving reading. But it is important not only to cultivate interest in books, but also to teach how to analyze what is read. That is why in literature lessons, techniques aimed at developing critical thinking- for example, compiling a syncwine.

The essence of methodical reception

Sinquain (senkan) in French means "a poem of five lines." Initially, the short rhyming work was a kind of American "answer" to Japanese haiku and tanka, invented in the 20th century by the poetess Adelaide Crapsey. Senkan was built according to a certain syllabic pattern: 2 in the first line, 4 in the second, 6 in the third, 8 in the fourth and 2 in the fifth. There were 22 syllables in total. In pedagogy, the structure of syncwine has become not syllabic, but semantic. It reflects the result of the synthesis and analysis of this or that information, that is, each line meets certain requirements of the topic:

1st - word-concept (noun or pronoun in the initial form);
2nd - two words describing qualities (adjectives or participles in the nominative case);
3rd - three words that tell about actions related to the concept (verbs or participles in the initial form);
4th - a sentence (4-5 words), reflecting the attitude to the concept;
5th - a summary word that expresses the essence of the topic.

Sinkwain is an effective reflection tool that allows children to develop the following:

the ability to briefly express the essence of a particular issue;
systems thinking;
analytic skills;
respect for the word.

In addition, compiling five-line non-rhyming poems expands the vocabulary of students and implements the principle of a creative approach to learning.

Why write a syncwine in a literature lesson

Sinkwine can be used both when compiling a summary of a literature lesson, and at the stage of testing the assimilation of knowledge

Sinkwine is part of the technology of critical thinking, which is based on three stages of the organization of the learning process:

challenge (actualization of past experience, for example, checking homework);
comprehension (contact with new information);
reflection (consolidation of acquired knowledge).

Shinkan can be used at any of these stages. When used in a literature lesson, this method of organizing information helps:

study the images of heroes (analyze positive and negative sides character, motives of his actions);
to understand certain concepts (cinquain helps not only to interpret the term, but also to provide a specific example);
understand the point of view of the author of the work and contemporaries (what is duty, honor, morality, and so on).

The teacher, with the help of a five-line poem composed by a child, can easily draw a conclusion about the quality of mastering the material, the depth of understanding of the problem, the degree of development of figurative thinking and the knowledge gaps that the student has.

Rules to help make cinquain (with a diagram, plan and example)

The syncwine scheme is simple and understandable to a student of any link

A fascinating and creative activity - compiling a syncwine - teaches children to organize their thoughts. In order for the reception to meet the expectations of the teacher, it is necessary to clearly explain to the students how senkan is done:

One main word stands out from a problem or a new amount of information.
The most appropriate definitions are selected for the phenomenon. These can be both real-life signs and associative ones (for example, Pushkin's Onegin is dapper, that is, this characteristic is objective; curly - by analogy with the author, who is often called the prototype of the character - an associative sign);
Then there are action words that describe the concept. It is desirable that these verbs are actually present in the text when working with a literary work.
To characterize the concept, you need to come up with a short phrase. For primary and secondary students, it can be a proverb or saying, but older students can write their own statement.
The compilation of the syncwine ends with the selection of a word that denotes a concept synonymous with the original one.

For example, this could be the simplest senkan:

BOOK
interesting, new
Enrich, teach, distract
Reading is the way to the world of images.
Pleasure

Tips on how to compose senkan in Literature class (with samples)

With the help of syncwine, it is very convenient to characterize the image of a character

Sinkwine can be used in lessons in any class. The task of the teacher is to make the work feasible for children of different ages. Guidelines on compiling an unrhymed five-line poem can be divided into tips for elementary, middle and senior level.

1-4 grades

At the lesson in primary school When compiling a senkan, you need to do the following:

highlight with students general concept- the first line;
for the second and third lines, pick up the first word collectively;
give examples for the fourth line;
in case of difficulty, help with the selection of a synonym or allow the essence of the phenomenon to be expressed not in one word, but in a phrase of two.

grades 5–9

In the middle link, it makes sense to give an alternative for the first word, since psychological features children at this age determine the negative attitude of adolescents to the lack of choice and may cause children to refuse to complete the task because of its "difficulty". It is better for schoolchildren to work with lines 2 and 3 on their own: it is not so difficult to pick up the words of these categories, it is almost impossible to make mistakes, but an independent choice will increase the authority of the young poet in their own eyes. It can be much more difficult to find the appropriate phrase and synonym for the original concept. In this case, you need to build on the capabilities of a particular student: it may make sense to help the child or make this stage of compiling a syncwine group.

When compiling a syncwine in a lesson in elementary grades, the teacher is recommended to help a student who is experiencing difficulties

10-11 grades

In the senior level, the teacher may limit himself to the proposal to use the senkan to work on one or another literary work. All stages of work can be completed by schoolchildren without outside help. At the same time, five-line poems can be used to draw up a synopsis, and to analyze the character's act, and to assess the role of the hero in the system of the entire work.

Samples to help compose syncwine

A poem without a rhyme of five lines in a literature lesson can relate to different aspects of the study of the course: both theoretical and practical. Theory includes familiarity with the conceptual apparatus. For example, kids need to know what a fairy tale is:

FAIRY TALE
Magic, household
Tell, listen, read
A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it
History (as an option - a magical story).

So you can state the essence of other concepts: a poem, a true story, a story, and so on.

In the middle level, many lessons are devoted to acquaintance with the areas of literature. This could be an example of a syncwine for one of them:

ROMANTICISM
Invented, sentimental, tragic
Compose, suffer, think
Romanticism is the heyday of literature.
Pushkin (this line can contain any name of a romantic writer).

In a similar way, directions Silver Age(acmeism, futurism), and genre originality modern literature(verlibre, tragifarce).

Younger students can make a syncwine collectively

With regard to the study of specific literary works, then this is the most fertile ground for using the technique. For example, kids will quickly remember Carlson's characteristic if they make up a syncwine in the lesson:

CARLSON
Fat, kind, funny
Naughty, fly, soothe
A man in his prime.
Propeller

The study of characters in grades 5-9 is based on a comparison of moral principles different types personalities. The task of the subject teacher is to show the children that a person is a tangle of contradictions that does not fit into the framework of only a positive or negative set of qualities.

PECHORIN
Young, seeking, superfluous
Serve, love, die
Pechorin is the image of Lermontov.
Onegin (or Chatsky, a representative of the galaxy of images of the "extra person")

For high school students, the images of writers are no less interesting:

BULGAKOV
Talented, sick, allegorical
Ironic, fear, suffer
Bulgakov is a genius of his time.
Master

Sincwine in a literature lesson is not only a great way to make students think and analyze, but also a technique that allows you to unleash the creative potential of the younger generation. In addition, the methodological features of the use of senkan in different classes allow us to put it in first place among the universal ways of presenting the material.

It is believed that cinquain arose based on the principles of creating oriental poetic forms. Initially great importance given the number of syllables in each line, the placement of stress. But in teaching practice all this is not given much attention. The main emphasis is on the content and on the principles of construction of each of the lines.

Rules for constructing syncwine

First line poetry is his theme. It is represented by just one word and always a noun.
Second line consists of two words, revealing the main theme, describing it. These must be adjectives. The use of participles is allowed.
IN third line, through the use of verbs or gerunds, describes the actions related to the word that is the theme of the syncwine. There are three words in the third line.
Fourth line- this is no longer a set of words, but a whole phrase, with the help of which the constituent expresses his attitude to the topic. In this case, it can be either a proposal compiled by the student on his own, or popular expression, proverb, saying, quote, aphorism, necessarily in the context of the topic being disclosed.
Fifth line- just one word, which is a kind of summary, summary. Most often it is simply a synonym for the theme of the poem.

When writing a syncwine in didactic practice, minor deviations from the basic rules for writing it are allowed. So, for example, the number of words in one or several lines can vary and the specified parts of speech can be replaced by others.

As an example, let's take a poem composed by children about himself. this method learning:

cinquain
Figurative, precise
Generalizes, develops, teaches
“The power of speech lies in the ability to express a lot in a few words”
Creation.

How to use syncwines in the lesson?

The topic chosen for compiling a syncwine should be close and interesting to students. The best results can be achieved if there is room for emotionality, sensuality.

Not always children are immediately involved in the work. Difficulties may be associated with the need for analysis, understanding of the topic, insufficiency vocabulary, misunderstanding of certain terms, fear of making a mistake. To help the children, it becomes necessary to ask leading questions, broaden their horizons, encourage any desire of students, and answer their questions.

The main task of a teacher using the syncwine method in a lesson is the need to think through a clear system of logically interconnected elements, the embodiment of which in images will allow students to comprehend and remember the material of the subject.

How to teach children to write cinquain?

First of all, it is necessary to say that syncwine is the desire to fit in a short form one's knowledge, thoughts, feelings, emotions, associations, it is an opportunity to express one's opinion regarding any issue, object, event, phenomenon, which will be the main theme of the work . Then you need to explain the basic rules for writing five lines, for clarity, give a few examples. And only after that the teacher announces the topic, specifying the time allotted for this work.

After the completion of the creative process, the children, if desired, read their poems. If the work took place, for example, as homework, the teacher can read out (or ask the author of the work to do this) the most interesting options. As an example, you can try to compose one common cinquain by writing it on the board. Work in pairs or groups is allowed. But the most effective is individual work, as it allows the teacher to understand the depth of understanding of the material by each of the students.

Areas of use

Sinkwine as a teaching method is universal. It can be applied to the topics of any subject. school curriculum. It allows you to interest students, helps to better understand and comprehend the material being studied. Composing a five-verse is quite simple, so it is acceptable to use it when working with children of any age.

Cinquain is a special poem that is the result of an analysis and synthesis of existing or newly received data. It can be used at the challenge stage, when children, even before familiarization with new theme, compose a poem based on the information that they know on this moment. This allows the teacher to understand what the students already know this issue and will provide an opportunity to correct the information that needs to be conveyed to children for the correct assimilation of the material.

At the stage of comprehension, writing a syncwine allows the teacher to assess how students understand the topic being studied, diversifies educational process, makes it more interesting, because cinquain is also a game activity. In this case, the technique is a change of activity that contributes to some emotional unloading of schoolchildren.

Or you can use it on . The thought, translated into an image, allows the teacher to assess the level of understanding of the studied material by the students. Sinkwine is referred to as a fast, but very powerful reflection tool.

Compiling a syncwine is creative activity and is more often used in the study of humanitarian subjects - literature, history. But in order to diversify the educational process, to make it more interesting, you can use this technique in lessons, physics, for example. After getting acquainted with the topic "Light", the teacher invites the children to compose a syncwine.

Answer using adjectives, what is it? Bright, warm

Tell us, using verbs, what does he do? It burns, illuminates, flickers.

Make up a sentence or phrase that expresses your attitude to the topic, and is a kind of conclusion. Needed by people.

Summarize it in one word. Shine.

In natural history, you can invite children to compose poems about the seasons.

Summer
hot, fun
Walk, play, relax.
Look forward to.
Holidays!

Spring
Warm, bright

Nature is waking up.
Great!

Options for working with syncwine

In addition to the traditional compilation of a syncwine, other types of work with five-line verses in the lesson are also possible.

Write a short story based on the poem. It is advisable, when compiling it, to use the words and phrases used in the given syncwine.

Edit the finished syncwine in order to improve it.

Add cinquain. To do this, you need to analyze the given poem, determine the missing part and fill it in. For example, you can offer a poem that does not specify a theme. Using words that characterize and reveal it, students should understand what it is about:

fleeting, fleeting
Runs, stops, heals
Amazing Phenomenon
Life.

Children must determine that the theme of this syncwine is “Time”.

Advantages of the method

When compiling a syncwine in the classroom:

increased interest in the material being studied;
develops creative thinking;
develop Creative skills students;
improve communication skills and the ability to concisely and concisely express their thoughts;
develops thinking and imagination;
the ability to analyze is developed;
the time allotted for memorizing information is reduced;
expanding vocabulary.

Compiling a syncwine in a lesson takes relatively little time, but at the same time it is effective way development of figurative speech, which contributes to a quick result.

In the course of working on this method, students are able not only to deepen their knowledge on any topic, but also to improve their ability to work independently with additional sources of information, to plan their educational activities.

Examples of syncwines

In natural history, you can invite children to compose syncwines about the seasons.

Summer
hot, fun
Walk, play, relax.
Look forward to.
Holidays!

Spring
Warm, bright
Blooms, grows green, pleases.
Nature is waking up.
Great!

At the lesson of literature, the teacher, as a homework, invites the children to compose a syncwine about their favorite work. The result might look like this:

Nina
Smart and bold.
Traveling, making friends, winning.
I admire her.
This is the book "The Girl of the Sixth Moon" by Mooney Witcher.

You can invite children to write a syncwine about the sun:

Sun
bright, distant
Warms, shines, pleases us.
I love sun.
Life-giving star.

Sinkwine is the analysis and synthesis of information, a play on words. This is poetry that promotes creative self-development and beautiful expression of their thoughts. It is a way of writing original and beautiful poems. That is why cinquain, as a teaching method, is becoming increasingly popular and is increasingly being used in the educational process.

SINQWINE is an effective technique for the development of critical thinking.

Author: Barteneva Nadezhda Nikolaevna. MKOU secondary school No. 1, Makariev.
In my practice, I include writing syncwines in my lesson plans.
This form arose in America at the beginning of the 20th century. In Russia, it began to be used for didactic purposes as a fairly effective method for the development of figurative speech.
Cinquain (from French cinquains, English cinquain) is creative work, which has a short form of a poem consisting of five unrhymed lines.
Types of syncwines
There are two types of syncwines - traditional and didactic.
I use didactic cinquain in my work.
Didactic cinquain is compiled mainly according to the meaning.
Cinquain is not a simple poem, but a poem written according to the following rules:
1 line - one noun expressing main topic cinquain.
Line 2 - two adjectives expressing the main idea.
Line 3 - three verbs describing actions within the topic.
Line 4 - a phrase that carries a certain meaning - an aphorism with which you need to express your attitude to the topic. Such an aphorism can be a catch phrase, a quote, a proverb, or a phrase compiled by the student himself in the context of the topic.
Line 5 - the conclusion in the form of a noun (association with the first word), expresses the personal attitude of the author of the syncwine to the topic.
Strict observance of the rules for writing syncwine is not necessary. For example, to improve the text in the fourth line, you can use three or five words, and in the fifth line, two words. Other parts of speech are also possible.
The shape of the cinquain resembles a Christmas tree

Examples of syncwines
№1

№2

№3

№4

№5

What is its effectiveness and significance?
First, its simplicity. Sinkwine can make everything.
Secondly, in compiling a syncwine, each child can realize his creative, intellectual capabilities.
Cinquain is a game technique.
Compiling a syncwine is used as the final task for the material covered.
Compiling a syncwine is used to conduct reflection, analysis and synthesis of the information received