Good speech is a vivid indicator of the comprehensive development of the child and his readiness for schooling.
Articulation gymnastics - is a collection special exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the articulatory apparatus, developing strength, mobility and differentiation of the movements of the organs involved in the speech process.
The importance of articulatory gymnastics for kids can hardly be overestimated. In addition to the fact that the child learns to pronounce sounds and words correctly and clearly, such activities contribute to:
Improve blood supply to the articulatory organs and their nerve conduction;
Improve the mobility of the articulatory organs;
Strengthen the muscular system of the tongue, lips, cheeks;
Teach the child to hold a certain articulatory posture;
Increase range of motion;
Reduce the tension of the articulatory organs;
Prepare the child for the correct pronunciation of sounds.
Development of the flexibility of the organs of the speech apparatus;
Indications for articulation gymnastics for kids:
As a rule, there are a number of reasons and indications for conducting articulatory gymnastics for preschoolers:
Timely classes in articulation exercises for the development of speech hearing and articulation gymnastics contribute to the fact that many children can independently learn to speak clearly and correctly. This allows you not to subsequently resort to the help of a speech therapist;
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The value of articulation gymnastics for children preschool age
People correctly pronounce various sounds due to good mobility and differentiated work of the organs of the articulatory apparatus: tongue, lower jaw, soft palate, vocal cords. Work on the development of the main movements of the organs of the articulation apparatus is carried out in the form of articulation gymnastics.
Good speech is a vivid indicator of the comprehensive development of the child and his readiness for schooling.
Almost all preschool children (up to 60% of all preschool children) have speech impairments, they pronounce one or more sounds incorrectly, most of which are temporary, intermittent. The exception is children under 4 years of age with the norm of age-related or physiological tongue-tied tongue, after 4 years - pathology occurs.
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of speech disorders, their correction, starting from the younger preschool age, it is necessary to use games and exercises aimed at developing hearing, breathing and speech apparatus.
Articulation gymnastics- this is a set of special exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the articulatory apparatus, developing strength, mobility and differentiation of the movements of the organs involved in the speech process.
The importance of articulatory gymnastics for kids can hardly be overestimated. In addition to the fact that the child learns to pronounce sounds and words correctly and clearly, such activities contribute to:
Improve blood supply to the articulatory organs and their nerve conduction;
Improve the mobility of the articulatory organs;
Strengthen the muscular system of the tongue, lips, cheeks;
Teach the child to hold a certain articulatory posture;
Increase range of motion;
Reduce the tension of the articulatory organs;
Prepare the child for the correct pronunciation of sounds.
Development of the flexibility of the organs of the speech apparatus;
Indications for articulation gymnastics for kids:
As a rule, there are a number of reasons and indications for conducting articulatory gymnastics for preschoolers:
Timely classes in articulation exercises for the development of speech hearing and articulation gymnastics contribute to the fact that many children can independently learn to speak clearly and correctly. This allows you not to subsequently resort to the help of a speech therapist;
Against the background of complex sound pronunciation disorders, such exercises will help prepare the muscles for subsequent sessions with a speech therapist, which will speed up the process of eliminating speech defects;
With correct, but sluggish sound pronunciation, articulatory gymnastics helps to quickly develop clarity of pronunciation and expressiveness of speech, as well as get rid of "porridge in the mouth."
Exercises are static (fixed), aimed at maintaining a certain position of the lips, tongue: cup, tube ... and dynamic (mobile): horse, watch, swing ... - require rhythmic repetition of movements, coordination of movements and switchability.
All exercises are combined into complexes, each of which has a specific focus:
1 group of exercises. - develop the main movements and provisions of the OAA,
2 group of exercises. - contribute to the development of movements and positions for pronouncing certain groups of sounds (whistling, hissing, sonors, posterior lingual).
3 group of exercises. - specific exercises aimed at staging sounds that contribute to the development of certain movements: the mobility of the tip of the tongue, the soft palate, to stretch the hyoid ligament.
Classes are conducted according to the following scheme: at first, gross, diffuse movements of the exercised organs are brought up, where the tongue does not perform constant movements, but only occupies one position or another, as they are mastered by children, we proceed to the development of finer, differentiated movements. Lip exercises can be done in any case. The requirements for conducting articulation gymnastics and for performing exercises by children at each age stage will be different.
When conducting articulatory gymnastics, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of age-related articulatory motility. With kids junior groups exercises are done in game form. The requirements are small. It is necessary that children learn the simplest skills, without which it will be difficult in the future to develop and improve the movements of the organs of the articulatory apparatus.
IN middle group for articulatory gymnastics, game techniques are used. On the basis of the simplest skills acquired by children, the movements of the organs of the articulatory apparatus are gradually developed and improved. Accordingly, the requirements for the quality of articulatory gymnastics performance are increasing. In older groups, we monitor the smoothness, clarity of movement, the ability to quickly and clearly switch the organs of the articulatory apparatus from one position to another.
1. It is necessary to carry out articulation gymnastics daily so that the skills developed in children are consolidated. It is better to do the exercises 3-4 times a day for 3-5 minutes. Children should not be offered more than 2-3 exercises at a time - we break the complex for the whole day.
Of the two or three exercises performed, only one can be new, the second and third are given for repetition and consolidation.
Control complex. planning for a week. Next week, a well-performed exercise. we replace it with another, new one, and fix it throughout the second week. Thus, every week the children get acquainted with a new exercise. and work it out in articulatory gymnastics.
2. The complex should contain 2-3 exercises. static and 2-3 exercise. dynamic. They start gymnastics with static exercises, they are performed for 10-15 seconds (holding the articulation posture in one position), then they move on to dynamic ones.
3. At the first lessons, the exercise is repeated 2-3 times due to the increased exhaustibility of the exercised muscle, in the future, each exercise is performed up to 10-15 times.
4. When choosing exercises for articulation gymnastics, you must follow a certain sequence, go from simple exercises to more complex ones.
It is better to spend them emotionally, in a playful way. Each ex. has its own name, its own image. This makes it easier for the child to remember the movement. And so that the children do not get tired of repeating the same movement for a long time, one exercise can come up with several names.
For example ex. "tube" - come up with several names. (proboscis, neck of a giraffe, pipe, pipe ...)
5. Articulatory gymnastics is performed while sitting, since in this position the child has a straight back, the body is not tense, the arms and legs are in a calm position.
6. The child must see the adult's face well, as well as his own face, in order to independently control the correctness of the exercises. Therefore, at the logopoint, a child and an adult should be in front of a wall mirror during articulation gymnastics. In the group, the child can use a small hand mirror (approximately 9x12 cm), and the teacher should be opposite the child facing him.
It is best to carry out articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in a playful way, for which they use poems and pictures. Articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in verse not only significantly increases the child's interest in exercises, but also determines the rhythm of their implementation. It is important that during the poem you can repeat the exercise 3-5 times. After that, you need to give the child time to relax and unwind. Articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in pictures serves the same purpose. Bright pictures that show the correct position of the lips and tongue for a particular exercise greatly simplify the task of a specialist and make the exercises themselves more exciting.
Introducing the child to a new exercise, it is necessary to give the children a plot sketch. For example: how to present ex. "Delicious jam"? - Carlson is sweet, who loves jam. In order for the child to find the correct position of the tongue, for example, lick the upper lip, you can spread it with jam, chocolate or something else that the child loves. You can use non-traditional forms - dragees, water, bioenergy plastics - a combination of movements of the speech organs and hands.
There are a lot of game methods. Any story, objects, picture is a visualization, with the help of which the child’s attention is maintained, as a result of which all speech processes are activated. Elements of competition, colorfulness, novelty of attributes, entertaining plots of games arouse interest and emotional feedback, thereby solving learning tasks, goals set in the lesson.
The child does the exercise, and the adult controls the implementation -
monitors the quality of movements performed by the child: accuracy of movement, smoothness, pace of execution, stability, transition from one movement to another.
It is also important to ensure that the movements of each organ of articulation are performed symmetrically in relation to the right and left sides of the face. Otherwise, articulatory gymnastics does not achieve its goal.
At first, when children perform exercises, there is a tension in the movements of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. Gradually, the tension disappears, the movements become relaxed and at the same time coordinated.
In the process of doing gymnastics, it is important to remember to create a positive emotional state in the child. You can’t tell him what he’s doing wrong, it’s better to cheer him up.
Thus , dear educators, the sooner we begin to develop the articulation apparatus of children and involve parents in this, the more children we will have in the future with correct sound pronunciation and developed speech.
This complex of articulation gymnastics is intended for speech therapists, educators, as well as parents. All the material is presented in a poetic form, which is the most favorable perception at a younger preschool age, and is of the greatest interest to children.
Perhaps the definition of "articulatory gymnastics" will be bewildering. After all, everyone is used to the fact that gymnastics is needed to strengthen muscles, for flexibility, dexterity ... That's right. The organs involved in sound production - lips, cheeks, tongue - also consist of muscles. And when they are not sufficiently developed, strong, mobile, speech turns out to be illegible, the speaker has a “porridge” of sounds in his mouth. Therefore, in the development of speech of preschoolers, articulation gymnastics for children is of great importance. After all, it is in childhood that it is easier and most important to develop the necessary qualities of the muscles involved in speech.
The most childish games
What do these muscles need? Lips, cheeks and lower jaw - mobility, tongue - strength, elasticity, dexterity, sufficient length of the bridle, the ability to quickly take different positions and states. Equally important is the ability to exhale the right force and in the right direction. The child may well acquire all these abilities by the time active speaking begins (about 2 years old), if all this time he is engaged in articulatory gymnastics. In addition, there are various sets of articulation exercises that allow you to correct correct pronunciation some speech sounds (hissing, whistling, [l], [p]) in children 4, 5, 6, 7 years old. So it is difficult to overestimate the importance of such activities.
In order to have as few problems with incorrect pronunciation as possible, you can start classes on the development of articulation even before 1 year old - already from the first months of a baby's life. At first, these will be the sounds that the mother shows the child. Moreover, it shows exaggeratedly, making each movement exaggerated, so that the baby gradually remembers the movements of the lips.
For example, when bathing, dressing, during games for the smallest children, you can depict:
- water noise;
- cackling geese;
- fish (slap lips without sound);
- the howl of the wind;
- horses - clatter, snort;
- dogs; sticking out their tongue or growling;
- elephants extending their proboscis;
- kitties that lap, lick, meow;
- hooting owls;
- ticking clock;
- cock singing;
- mouse click, etc.
Such classes should be carried out constantly so that the baby gets used to the fact that speech is the active work of the lips, tongue and all other muscles involved in the process of sound formation. At first, he will just watch how adults do it.
Two to four
At the age of 2-3 years, the child can already repeat the simplest exercises after the parents. From this age, classes with preschoolers should be systematic.
To make sure that everything is done correctly, the child definitely needs a mirror. And so that the kid does not consider classes boring lessons that you don’t want to do, they should take place in the form of a game. At this time, you can tell the baby fairy tales about the travels of a tongue, an elephant, brave mushroom pickers, little cooks, etc. You can clothe each exercise in a poetic form.
At the age of 3-4 years, it is already possible to control the correct execution of each movement, in older children it is important to develop clarity and smoothness.
Kids 2-4 years old are not able to concentrate for a long time and get tired quickly, even from games. Therefore, articulation gymnastics for children of this age should not last more than 10 minutes. You need to start at all with 2-3 minutes a day, with the simplest exercises, gradually learning all the new ones, as the previous ones are mastered.
During such “lessons”, alternate static and dynamic exercises in order to keep the baby’s interest in the lesson longer.
At this age, the following articulation exercises are suitable.
Static:
- "Smile" - the child smiles, hiding his teeth behind closed lips, the position is maintained for 4-5 seconds;
- "Pancake" - the tongue is laid out in a relaxed, flat state on the lower lip, but does not move forward (we also hold it for about 5 seconds);
- "Hippo" - the baby keeps his mouth wide open for about 5 seconds;
- "Proboscis" - the lips fold into a tube and stretch forward as far as possible (hold the position for up to 5 seconds);
- "Hungry hamster" - draw in your cheeks and stay in this position for 5-6 seconds.
Dynamic:
- “Knead the dough” - the tongue is in the “pancake” position, at this time the child closes and opens his lips, slightly bites his tongue with his teeth;
- “Brushing teeth” - with the tip of the tongue, the baby should run over the upper teeth from left to right, then in the same way along the lower ones;
- “Snake (arrow)” - the tongue must be made narrow, sharp and pulled as far forward as possible, held for a few seconds;
- "Swing" - with an open mouth, you must alternately raise the tongue up and down. You can perform a variation: do the exercise in front of the teeth and behind the teeth;
- "Watch" - with an open mouth, the baby alternately touches the tip of the tongue of the right and left corners of the mouth;
- "Balls" - the baby puffs out his cheeks, and then claps his fingers on them, releasing air;
- "Full hamster" - first both cheeks are inflated, then each in turn.
You need to start with 2-3 repetitions, gradually increasing their number to 7-10. But if the child gets tired, the lesson should be stopped and the rest completed at another time.
Homework on the development of the articulatory apparatus in a baby should not be stopped if he went to kindergarten. Classes conducted by the teacher with the entire group in kindergarten may not be enough. After all, in a children's team it is difficult to pay enough attention to each child individually to make sure that he does everything correctly and in the right amount. Even if the baby is studying with a professional speech therapist, he will advise you to consolidate what you have learned at home.
four to seven
During this period of his development, the preschooler (or junior school student) is already ready for longer and more complex classes. A set of articulation exercises can last up to 20 minutes. The child is now able to fulfill the rather complex requests of adults, so "tricky" exercises are more suitable for this age group.
At this age, the child can be shown video lessons on the development of the articulatory apparatus (at the same time, the parents themselves can more correctly master the methodology for conducting such classes).
When teaching your child correct speech, make sure that your own speech is also correct. Children learn by copying our actions. Therefore, if parents have speech defects or they construct sentences illiterately, the children will do the same. If you yourself do not pronounce some sounds, take care of your articulation first. Achieve pure sound extraction and only after that teach your baby. Otherwise, a speech therapist will have to retrain him. And it's much more difficult.
In addition, such a situation will certainly be stressful for the child when he gets into language environment, different from the one that surrounds him at home (for example, he will go to kindergarten). After all, for him, everything that parents do is a priori right.
So, articulation gymnastics for the age of 4-7 years is as follows.
Exercises to develop lip mobility:
- "Elephant" ("Proboscis");
- "Smile";
- "Hippo";
- "Pancake";
- "Fence";
- Alternation "Smile" - "Fence".
Exercises to strengthen the muscles of the tongue:
- "Pancake";
- "Swing";
- "Knead the dough";
- “Angry pussy” - with the tip of the tongue, the baby rests on the lower teeth, the middle of the tongue arches with a “slide”, now you need to lightly bite the “slide” with your teeth;
- "Snake";
- "Sail" - the child should rest the tip of the tongue against the front teeth and linger for a few seconds (the mouth is open at the same time);
- “Malyar” - you need to “paint” the palate with a tongue in the direction from the teeth to the throat;
- "Brushing teeth";
- "Watch";
- “Cup” - you need to open your mouth wide, stick out the tongue and make it round, raising the tip and sides (hold it for a few seconds without touching your lips or teeth);
- "Turkey" - the child quickly moves the tip of the tongue along the upper lip back and forth, making the sound "bl";
- “Delicious jam” - with a wide tongue, the baby should lick the upper lip from top to bottom;
- "Woodpecker" - with a sharp tip of the tongue, you need to quickly beat behind the upper teeth at their base, pronouncing the sound "d";
- “Motor” - the exercise is similar to the previous one, only you need to exhale with more force and pronounce “melons-melons”.
Exercises for the development of the hyoid frenulum:
- "Mushroom" - the tongue must be sucked to the palate (the mouth is as open as possible) and so hold for 7-10 seconds;
- "Accordion" - the exercise is similar to the previous one, only the lower jaw must be wiggled - open with the maximum possible amplitude and cover a little;
- "Horse" - the exercise is similar to a mushroom, only more dynamic: the tongue must be torn off, making a sound similar to the clatter of hooves.
Cheek exercises:
- "Hungry Hamster";
- "Fed hamster";
- "Balloons".
When doing articulation exercises with a child at home, it should be remembered that during such games the baby should be in good mood and do it with pleasure. Classes after 4 years can be organized 2 times a day for about 10 minutes each. One of the main components of success is the systematic training and their game form. No violence and no "binding"!
Ideally, the time to complete each exercise is about 10 seconds. But you should focus on the desire and ability of the child. If he gets tired or does not want to, it is better to slow down for a while.
If some exercise does not work out even for you, do not hesitate to admit this to the baby and invite him to learn together. You can watch it on the video, try it again and decide together that you will certainly master the difficult game.
Classes for practicing articulation do not have to be just classes - elements of exercises can be included in everyday life: imitate pets, lick a spoon or plate while eating, etc.
Exercising strength
At any age, breathing exercises will be useful. After all, if the child does not develop the power of speech exhalation, he will not be able to pronounce long phrases, he will get air in the process of speaking and finish the sentence either in a whisper or “excitedly”.
You can train speech breathing at any convenient occasion. For example, reading a book. If it contains a description of the wind, mom can depict how it blows. Coming in winter from a walk, you can blow on chilled hands. Bathing the baby in the bathroom, we blow on the foam, blow it off our hands. During lunch, you can blow on hot tea. Such games, in addition to direct benefits, will bring a lot of positive emotions to the child.
The main focus of development speech breathing should be done so that the child can make a long smooth exhalation of the same force throughout. This will help him in the future to correctly distribute the amount of air when pronouncing long phrases.
There are special exercises for practicing speech breathing.
- "Dandelion". In the summer, on a walk, you need to find a downy dandelion and show the baby how to blow off the fluff from it.
- "Butterfly". Cut out a paper butterfly. Attached to a thread, it flutters very beautifully, if you blow on it correctly - evenly and for a long time.
- "Snowflake". You need to make a snowflake - fluff a small piece of fleece. When blown on it, it flies. The longer you exhale, the higher the snowflake flies.
- "Fluff". The same, only with a feather. You can play together: the mother drives the fluff to the child, he - back to her.
- "Ivushka". Several narrow strips of paper are glued to a pencil or stick. Making a "breeze", the baby will make the "willow branches" sway.
- "Candle". The kid should learn how to blow out a candle (for example, for his birthday).
- "Migratory birds". Carved figurines of small birds are placed on the table. On command (“the birds are flying!”), the adult, together with the child, blows on the birds. Whoever flies the farthest wins.
- "Pipe". A toy in the form of a pipe or a whistle (whistles) also perfectly trains breathing.
- "Storm in a teacup". The child blows forcefully into a cocktail tube placed in a glass of water or drink. A real storm!
Takova general technique development of the articulatory apparatus in preschool children. It needs to be adjusted based on the capabilities, health, interests of the child. For someone, instead of the “Snake”, it is better to call the exercise “Needle” or “Arrow”, with someone to pay more attention to stretching the bridle (especially if the baby does not succeed with the sounds [r] and [l]), someone does not differ in perseverance, then the classes will have to be divided into 3-4 visits per day and performed in very small portions.
If, despite all the efforts of the parents, by the age of 4-5 the child has not learned to pronounce all sounds correctly or confuses, for example, voiced with deaf ones, you should seek help from a speech therapist. Perhaps the baby has congenital defects of the organs of speech (palate, tongue), or he has an incorrect bite, too short a hyoid frenulum, short tongue, large lips, etc. An increased tone of the muscles of the lips, tongue, and larynx also leads to speech defects.
To correct such defects, you may need a course of speech therapy massage or even surgery.
correct, beautiful speech, colored with bright intonation, having a pleasant rhythm, will not appear in a child just like that. This is a big “invisible” work that the baby’s parents have to do in the first 5-6 years of his life, so that later he can independently enrich and improve his speech baggage at school, delighting mom and dad with their successes.
Svetlana Dubova
The value of articulation gymnastics for preschool children
People correctly pronounce various sounds due to good mobility and differentiated work of organs. articulation apparatus: tongue, lower jaw, soft palate, vocal cords. Work on the development of basic movements of organs articulatory apparatus is carried out in the form articulatory gymnastics.
Good speech is a vivid indicator of the comprehensive development of the child and his readiness for schooling.
Almost all children preschool age(up to 60% of all preschool children) have speech defects, incorrectly pronounce one or more sounds, most of which are temporary, inconsistent. The exception is children under 4 years old with a norm age or physiological tongue-tied tongue, after 4 years - pathology sets in.
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of speech disorders, their correction, starting from the youngest preschool age, it is necessary to use games and exercises in the work aimed at developing hearing, breathing and speech apparatus.
Articulation gymnastics is a set of special exercises aimed at strengthening muscles articulation apparatus, the development of strength, mobility and differentiation of the movements of the organs involved in the speech process.
Importance of classes articulatory gymnastics for kids it is difficult to overestimate the thread. In addition to the fact that the child learns to correctly and clearly pronounce sounds and words, such activities contribute:
Improve blood supply articulatory organs and their nerve conduction;
improve mobility articulatory organs;
Strengthen the muscular system of the tongue, lips, cheeks;
Teach your child to keep a certain articulatory posture;
Increase range of motion;
Reduce tension articulatory organs;
Prepare the child for the correct pronunciation of sounds.
Development of the flexibility of the organs of the speech apparatus;
Indications for classes articulation gymnastics for kids:
As a rule, there are a number of reasons and indications for carrying out articulation gymnastics for preschoolers:
Timely classes articulatory exercises for the development of speech hearing and articulatory gymnastics contribute to that many children can learn to speak clearly and correctly on their own. This allows you not to subsequently resort to the help of a speech therapist;
Against the background of complex violations of sound pronunciation, such exercises will help prepare the muscles for subsequent sessions with a speech therapist, which will speed up the process of eliminating speech defects;
With correct, but sluggish sound pronunciation articulation gymnastics helps to quickly develop clarity of pronunciation and expressiveness of speech, as well as get rid of "porridge in the mouth".
Exercises are static (fixed, aimed at maintaining a certain position of the lips, language: cup, tube ... and dynamic (mobile): horse, watch, swing ... - require a rhythmic repetition of movements, coordination of movements and switchability.
All exercises are combined into complexes, each of which has a certain orientation:
1 group of exercises. - develop the main movements and provisions of the OAA,
2 group of exercises. - contribute to the development of movements and positions for pronouncing certain groups of sounds (whistling, hissing, sonor, posterior lingual).
3 group of exercises. - specific exercises aimed at staging sounds, contributing to the development of certain movements: mobility of the tip of the tongue, soft palate, to stretch the hyoid ligament.
Classes are conducted according to scheme: at first, gross, diffuse movements of the exercised organs are brought up, where the tongue does not perform constant movements, but only occupies one position or another, as they are mastered by children, we proceed to the development of finer, differentiated movements. Lip exercises can be done in any case. Requirements for holding articulatory gymnastics and to exercise by children on each age stage will be different.
When conducting articulatory gymnastics it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the age articulatory motility. With children of younger groups, exercises are carried out in a playful way. The requirements are small. It is necessary that children learn the simplest skills, without which it will be difficult to further develop and improve the movements of organs. articulation apparatus.
In the middle group for articulatory gymnastics game techniques are used. Based on the simplest skills of organ movement acquired by children article-tional apparatus are gradually developing and improving. Accordingly, the requirements for the quality of performance are increasing. articulatory gymnastics. In older groups, we monitor the smoothness, clarity of movement, the ability to quickly and clearly switch organs articulatory device from one position to another.
1. Conduct articulation exercises are needed daily so that the children's skills were fixed. It is better to do the exercises 3-4 times a day for 3-5 minutes. Children should not be offered more than 2-3 exercises at a time - we break the complex for the whole day.
Of the two or three exercises performed, only one can be new, the second and third are given for repetition and consolidation.
Control complex. planning for a week. Next week, a well-performed exercise. we replace it with another, new one, and fix it throughout the second week. Thus, every week the children get acquainted with a new exercise. and work it out in articulation gymnastics.
2. The complex should contain 2-3 exercises. static and 2-3 exercise. dynamic. start gymnastics from static exercises, they are performed for 10-15 seconds (holding articulatory postures in one position, then move on to dynamic.
3. At the first lessons, the exercise is repeated 2-3 times due to the increased exhaustion of the exercised muscle, in the future, each exercise is performed up to 10-15 times.
4. When selecting exercises for articulatory gymnastics it is necessary to follow a certain sequence, go from simple exercises to more complex ones.
It is better to spend them emotionally, in a playful way. Each ex. has its own name, its own image. This makes it easier for the child to remember the movement. And so that the children do not get tired of repeating the same movement for a long time, you can come up with several names for one exercise.
For example ex. "pipe"- come up with a few names. (proboscis, neck of a fat-raf, pipe, pipe)
5. Articulatory gymnastics is performed while sitting, since in this position the child has a straight back, the body is not tense, the arms and legs are in a calm position.
6. The child must see the adult's face well, as well as his own face, in order to independently control the correctness of the exercises. Therefore, at the logopoint, a child and an adult during the articulatory gymnastics should be in front of a wall mirror. In the group, the child can use a small hand mirror (approximately 9x12 cm), and the teacher should be opposite the child facing him.
Best to carry out articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in a playful way What are poems used for? Pictures. Articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in verse is not only significantly increases the child's interest in exercises, but also determines the rhythm of their implementation. It is important that during the poem you can repeat the exercise 3-5 times. After that, you need to give the child time to relax and unwind. It serves the same purpose articulation gymnastics for preschoolers in pictures. Bright Pictures, which depict the correct position of the lips and tongue for a particular exercise, greatly simplify the task of a specialist and make the exercises themselves more exciting.
Introducing the child to a new exercise, it is necessary to give the children a plot sketch. On the- example: how to present ex. "Delicious jam"? - Carlson is sweet, who loves jam. In order for the child to find the correct position of the tongue, for example, lick the upper lip, you can spread it with jam, chocolate, or something else that the child likes. You can use non-traditional forms - dragees, water, bioenergy plastics - a combination of movements of the speech organs and hands.
There are a lot of game methods. Any story, objects, picture is visual, with the help of which the child's attention is maintained, as a result of which all speech processes are activated. Elements of competition, colorfulness, novelty of attributes, entertaining game plots arouse interest and emotional feedback, thereby solving learning tasks, goals set in the lesson.
The child does the exercise, and the adult controls the implementation -
monitors the quality of the child's work movements: accuracy of movement, fluency, pace of execution, stability, transition from one movement to another.
It is also important to ensure that the movements of each organ articulation performed symmetrically with respect to the right and left sides of the face. Otherwise articulation gymnastics does not reach its goal.
At first, when children perform exercises, there is tension in the movements of the organs articulation apparatus. Gradually, the tension disappears, the movements become relaxed and at the same time coordinated.
In progress gymnastics It is important to remember to create a positive emotional state in the child. You can’t tell him what he’s doing wrong, it’s better to cheer him up.
Thus, dear educators, the sooner we begin to develop children's articulatory apparatus and involve parents in this, the more we will have in the future children with correct pronunciation and developed speech.
This complex articulatory gymnastics designed for speech therapists, educators, as well as parents. All material is presented in poetic form, which is in the younger preschool age, the most favorable perception, and is of the greatest interest to children.
clean, correct speech one of the most important conditions for normal mental development person. With the help of speech, communication, the child easily and imperceptibly enters the world around him, learns a lot of new, interesting things, can express his desires, thoughts, requirements. Unfortunately, today there are more and more speech disorders in children, which drastically limit their communication with people around them.
Therefore, it is necessary to deal with such children to correct speech disorders.
It's no secret to anyone that Team work parents and professionals brings a more effective result in corrective work.
Parents' tasks:
-creation in the family of conditions favorable for the general and speech development children;
-carrying out purposeful and systematic work on the speech development of children and the necessary correction of its shortcomings.
However, often parents do not pay due attention to the fight against this or that speech disorder. This is due to two reasons:
-parents do not hear the shortcomings of the speech of their children;
- do not attach serious importance to them, believing that with age these shortcomings will correct themselves.
But the time favorable for corrective work is lost, the child kindergarten goes to school, and the shortcomings of speech begin to bring him a lot of grief. Peers ridicule him, adults constantly make comments, and mistakes appear in notebooks. The child begins to be shy, refuse to participate in the holidays. He feels insecure when answering the lessons, he worries about unsatisfactory grades in the Russian language. In such a situation, critical remarks and demands to speak correctly do not give the desired result.
The child needs to be helped skillfully and in time.
At the same time, it is obvious that the help of parents in corrective work is obligatory and extremely valuable.
We pronounce various sounds both in isolation and in the speech stream, thanks to the mobility and differentiated work of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. The accuracy and strength of these movements develop in the child gradually, in the process of speech activity. Articulation gymnastics contributes to their formation, with the help of which full-fledged movements and certain positions of the organs of articulation necessary for the correct pronunciation of sounds are developed.
How and why do you need to do articulation gymnastics?
Indeed, according to parents, gymnastics for arms and legs is familiar and familiar to us, but why train the language, if it is already without bones, is unclear.
The tongue is the main muscle of the speech organs. And for him, as for any muscle, gymnastics is simply necessary. After all, the language must be well developed enough to perform subtle purposeful movements called sound pronunciation. To avoid its shortcomings (or soften them and facilitate the formation of the correct pronunciation), you should start doing articulatory gymnastics as early as possible. Articulation gymnastics must be performed in front of a mirror. The child must see the movements of the tongue. In adults, articulation is an automated skill, while a child needs to visual perception to acquire this automatism by constantly exercising. If some exercises do not work the first time, even for adults, it is necessary to repeat them together with the child, confessing to him: “Look, I can’t do it either, let’s try together.”
Tips for parents from a speech therapist.
- Try to ensure that at home the child hears the correct, competent speech.
- Remember that an important aspect of speech development is the correct pronunciation of sounds.
- During joint walks with children, pay their attention to objects that are significant to a person. Tell us what these institutions are for, who works in them. During a walk in the park, square, by the river, draw the baby's attention to the beauty surrounding nature, plants, animals, insects.
- Don't shy away from answering your child's questions.
- Introducing new objects, things, objects, name them correctly. Offer to consider in detail, highlight characteristics, properties (this will fill up the baby's vocabulary), teach him to observe, compare objects and phenomena.
- Constantly replenish your home children's library with works by age. Read, talk about what you read, look at the illustrations.
- It is necessary to introduce kids to folklore: tell and read fairy tales, riddles, songs, nursery rhymes. They not only introduce the child to the national culture, but also form moral qualities: kindness, honesty, caring for another person, entertain and amuse, cause a desire to speak out, talk about the heroes of a fairy tale.
- Keep up this desire. Let your child tell a familiar story to his sister, grandmother, his favorite toy. These will be the first steps in mastering monologue speech.
- And of course, play, play, play!
Speech therapist M.L. Eroshina
People correctly pronounce various sounds due to good mobility of the organs of articulation (tongue, lips, soft palate, hard palate, lower jaw). The development of accuracy, strength, and differentiation of the movements of these organs occurs gradually in the child, in the process of his speech activity. It is possible to accelerate the development of the main movements of the organs of the child's articulatory apparatus with the help of special classes conducted in the form speech therapy articulation gymnastics
What is the role of articulatory gymnastics for children in the process of forming the correct sound pronunciation? Through the use of a set of exercises in articulation gymnastics, children can independently learn to pronounce sounds and words, without involving a specialist in this process. Also, with the help of special exercises, you can prepare the muscular system of a child who has serious deviations in sound pronunciation, which in the future will help the speech therapist to quickly correct speech defects. Articulatory gymnastics is extremely useful for children with a correct, but sluggish pronunciation of sounds, i.e. those who speak as if "a mouthful of porridge stuffed." In addition, articulation gymnastics lessons provide an opportunity for everyone, both adults and children, to learn to speak correctly, beautifully and clearly.
The well-known fact is that the formation of a letter occurs on the basis of oral speech, it is for this reason that the shortcomings of oral speech in the future can lead to low level child's performance in school. In order for a child to learn how to correctly pronounce such complex sounds as C, L, Z, W, F, P, his lips and tongue must have strength, flexibility, be able to hold the desired position for a long time, and also easily make transitions from one movement to another.
Articulation gymnastics can help you learn this. The complex of articulatory gymnastics includes exercises, the implementation of which helps to improve the pronunciation of specific sounds. For example, one of the articulatory gymnastics exercises for sound R is an exercise called: "Brush your upper teeth."
Its goal is to develop the rise of the tongue up and the ability to speak the language. To the complex of articulatory gymnastics for sound l includes exercises such as "Punish the naughty tongue", "Delicious jam", "Steamboat hums", "Swing" and "Horse"
.
Articulation gymnastics for the little ones.
Mom can help the baby in mastering the sounds from the first months of his life. When going for a walk or talking with the baby, the mother needs to do the simplest exercises, showing the child the difference between sounds with the help of facial expressions. For example, you can say how animals pronounce certain sounds. The movements of the lips and tongue should be clear and pronounced. You can play various games that involve your lips and tongue, for example, imagine that you and your child are playing the pipe and at the same time stretch your lips with a straw.
Classes in a playful way are held with children up to 3-4 years old, depending on how the child reproduces sounds. If the child’s speech remains unclear even after 4 years, it is recommended to show it to a speech therapist.
The nuances of articulation gymnastics for children.
The main requirement for conducting articulatory gymnastics is systematicity.
Classes should be held every day. Before proceeding directly to the exercises, you need to warm up the lips with your child. Exercise should not last longer than 15 minutes. During one day, you need to perform several different exercises.
During classes, the child must be in a sitting position. This will allow him to straighten his back and relax the muscles of his legs, fully concentrating on the articulatory organs. The child must clearly see the facial expressions and articulation of the adult. He must also see his own lips and tongue at the time of the task. To do this, you can use a hand mirror or conduct the lesson itself in front of a large mirror.
It is better to present all exercises to the child in a playful way so that it is not very boring. Most likely, the child will not be able to perform the exercises correctly the first time, so you should be patient.
Thus, the systematic implementation of simple exercises from the complex of articulation gymnastics helps to prepare the children's articulation apparatus for the correct pronunciation of complex sounds.
