"Biology" and "Biotechnologies": universities, faculties required for the Unified State Examination. The best biological universities in the world Higher biological education

Every person dreams of choosing a profession that would not only be always in demand, and therefore highly paid, but also benefit society. One of these professions is undoubtedly the profession of a biologist. It is these specialists who study everything related to living organisms on our planet. Our health, development and future largely depend on their professionalism. Therefore, it is not surprising that the profession of a biologist ranks second in the world in popularity.

Every person dreams of choosing a profession that would not only be always in demand, and therefore highly paid, but also benefit society. One of these professions is undoubtedly biologist profession. It is these specialists who study everything related to living organisms on our planet. Our health, development and future largely depend on their professionalism. Therefore, it is not surprising that the profession of a biologist ranks second in the world in popularity.

True, not everyone can, unfortunately, get this necessary and promising profession, since it puts forward a number of requirements that only people with certain inclinations and temperament can meet. But what is the peculiarity of this profession, you will learn from our article.

What is a biologist?

WITH Greek biology translated as "the science of life" (bios - life, logos - science). Accordingly, the name of the profession of a biologist suggests that this is a specialist who studies aspects of the life of all living organisms on planet Earth. That is, his close attention is drawn to the origin, evolution, growth and development of living organisms, regardless of whether it is a microbe, a plant or an animal.

Officially, biology was singled out as an independent branch of science only in the 19th century. However, its formation dates back to even more ancient times. It is known that already the great Aristotle in the 4th century BC. made the first attempts to streamline information about nature, highlighting four steps in it: people, animals, plants, and the inorganic world.

Today, the profession of a biologist brings together specialists of very different specializations, each of which is engaged in the study of only a certain class of representatives of living organisms. For example, anatomists and physiologists study the structure and characteristics of human life, zoologists specialize in the anatomy and physiology of animals, and a botanist deals with flora. And this is not a complete list of biologist specializations. There are also such modern trends such as genetics, microbiology, biotechnology, embryology, breeding, biophysics, biochemistry, virology, etc.

But in any case, no matter what specialization you choose biologist, his duties are almost completely identical. The duties of any biologist include: study, systematization, research common properties and patterns of development of a particular group of living organisms, conducting research in the laboratory, analyzing the results and issuing practical advice to improve conditions within the framework of his specialization, etc.

What personality traits should a biologist have?

It is not difficult to guess that a biologist, first of all, should love nature and be interested in the emergence and development of life on Earth. In addition, a real biologist is different:

• analytical and logical way of thinking;
• curiosity and patience;
• accuracy and care;
• observation and rich imagination;
• well-developed figurative visual memory;
• perseverance and ability to concentrate;
• responsibility and honesty.

It should be noted that since biologist work involves participation in laboratory studies in which various chemicals are often used, the specialist should not be prone to allergies.

Benefits of being a biologist

As mentioned above, biology is an actively developing branch of science, which opens up huge prospects for career growth and self-realization for specialists. Another undoubted advantage of the profession of a biologist is demand. According to labor market experts, this profession may become one of the most demanded and highly paid in the coming years.

An important advantage of this profession is also a wide variety of institutions and organizations in which you can show your talent and professional skills. Today, biologists are happy to be employed in laboratories at research institutes, environmental organizations, nature reserves, botanical and ecological gardens, research institutes, environmental organizations, agriculture and education sectors (schools, colleges, universities).

Disadvantages of the Biologist Profession

Despite the fact that biology is one of the most demanded branches of science in the world, in Russia this field of activity is still in its infancy, so the salary of biologists is low. Especially if they work in public institutions(for example, in laboratories at research institutes or schools).

The work of a "practicing" biologist (a specialist who studies living organisms in their natural habitat) involves frequent business trips. These specialists can be found everywhere: in the desert, and in the tundra, and high in the mountains, and in the field, and at an experimental agricultural station. Naturally, it is not always possible to conduct research in comfortable conditions, so future biologists must be prepared for life in Spartan conditions.

For successful employment of young professionals, most often, one theoretical training is not enough. That's why biology students it is necessary to take care of practical work experience in advance (that is, even in the process of learning, look for a job in a specialty that is as close as possible to the future profession).

Where can you get a degree in biology?

It is very easy to get the profession of a biologist in Russia today, since almost every medical university has specialized faculties (biological, bioengineering, agronomy, etc.). Therefore, the choice of a particular university depends solely on personal interests and opportunities. Naturally, among universities there are undoubted leaders, biology graduates who get high-paying jobs much more often than graduates of other educational institutions. Therefore, if you are interested in successful employment, we recommend that you, first of all, try to become a student of such universities as:

• Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov - Faculty of Biology;
• Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazev - faculties: agronomy, soil science, zooengineering, agrochemistry and ecology, horticulture and vegetable growing;
• St. Petersburg State University - Faculty of Biology and Soil;
• Moscow State University of Applied Biotechnology - faculties: automation of biotechnical systems and food biotechnology;
• Moscow state academy veterinary medicine and biotechnology them. K.I. Skryabin - faculties: zootechnologies and agribusiness, veterinary and biological.

Knowledge areas such as biology" And " biotechnology”, are quite widely represented in Russian universities. In large universities and academies, these are separate faculties that produce bachelors and specialists in the relevant narrow fields of knowledge. There are also several specialized universities that also graduate rather narrow specialists - biologists and biotechnologists. More general qualifications can also be obtained at the relevant faculties of medical, veterinary, chemical and other universities.

Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov

Faculty of Biology

There are 28 departments and more than 50 departmental research laboratories at the Faculty of Biology. Students can choose one of eight specialties: anthropology, zoology, botany, physiology, genetics,biochemistry, biophysics, microbiology.

In 2010, the competition will be held on the amount USE results in mathematics, biology, Russian language and chemistry, as well as an additional entrance test: an exam in biology.

Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazev

In RGAU - MSHA them. K.A. Timiryazev specialty for a biologist or biotechnologist can be learned at four faculties: agronomic, zooengineering, horticulture and vegetable growing, soil science, agrochemistry and ecology.

Last year, the USE passing scores were as follows:

Biology - 35 points
Geography - 34 points
Foreign language - 20 points
Story - 30 points
Mathematics - 21 score
Social science - 39 points
Physics - 32 points
Russian language - 37 points
Chemistry- 33 points

Saint Petersburg State University

At St Petersburg University, biology can be studied at the Faculty of Biology and Soil. For admission to the specialty "biology" must submit three USE test- Russian language, biology, chemistry.

Moscow State University of Applied Biotechnology

At MGUPB, you can become a biotechnological engineer if you enter one of two faculties:

food biotechnology

Automation of biotechnical systems

At these faculties, you can study the following specialties, for admission to which you must pass the exam:

"Bioecology"- Russian language, biology, mathematics
"Biotechnology"- Russian language, mathematics, physics
"Food Biotechnology"- Russian language, mathematics, physics
"Food Technology"- Russian language, mathematics, physics

Moscow State University of Food Production

At MGUPP, biotechnology can be studied in four main areas:

Environmental Biotechnology

Production of enzyme preparations

Bioconversion of plant raw materials

Obtaining biologically active substances

On the specialty "biotechnology" And "food biotechnology" it is necessary to pass the exam in mathematics, Russian language, chemistry.

On the specialization of the Faculty of Food Engineering, you must pass mathematics, Russian, chemistry or physics (your choice).

Russian State Medical University

Biological specialties at the RSMU can be obtained at the Faculty of Medicine and Biology.

The USE should not be lower than the minimum number of points established by the Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science based on the results of the USE.

For admission to the specialty "medical biochemistry" it is necessary to pass the exam in chemistry, Russian language, biology. For admission to the specialty "medical biophysics" it is necessary to pass the exam in physics, Russian language, biology.

Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. K.I. Scriabin

Specialties "biology" And "zootechnics" available in two faculties:

Veterinary biological

Animal technology and agribusiness

Moscow State University of Technology and Management

At MSUTU, at the Faculty of Biotechnology and Fisheries, you can become a biotechnologist in the following specialties (with the corresponding USE required for admission):

Bioecology (biology, Russian language, mathematics)

Water resources and aquaculture (biology, Russian language, mathematics)

Technology of fish and fish products (mathematics, Russian language, chemistry)

Ecology and nature management (geography, Russian language, mathematics)

Russian University of Chemical Technology DI. Mendeleev

In RKhTU them. DI. Mendeleev at the Faculty of Environmental Engineering, you can get a specialty "biotechnology". To enter the faculty, it will be necessary to pass the Unified State Examination in Russian, mathematics, biology.

Moscow State Academy of Fine Chemical Technology. M.V. Lomonosov

At MITHT them. DI. Mendeleev at the Faculty of Biotechnology and Organic Synthesis, you can get a specialty "biotechnology". To enter the faculty, you must pass the Unified State Examination in Russian, mathematics, physics or chemistry (optional).

List of specialties by areas« Biology» And« Biotechnology» you can find .

Love biology? Do you want to get an education that will be related to this science? You are lucky, experts in biology and related sciences are waiting for the best universities in the country. We will analyze possible areas of study and future professional activities.

Good scores after a biology exam can open many doors for you. Without knowledge in this area, it is impossible to become a doctor, ecologist or study psychology. Veterinarians and agricultural specialists will also be required to provide test results. admission committee, and in some universities and pass a separate internal exam.

But let's start with a simple and at the same time very difficult choice. In which educational institution submit documents with high scores after the exam in biology and what specialty to choose.

Top universities and faculties in Russia, where biology is a core subject

Demanded specialties

Biology is fundamental science, so you can find hundreds of professions in which it will be in demand one way or another. We will talk about the most promising areas in terms of development and the increased interest of HR departments.

Biochemist

These specialists study the structure and functions chemical substances that make up living organisms.

Today's competition budget places in universities in this specialty is not too high, but experts predict that in a few years the demand for the profession will increase significantly.

The salary of a biochemist starts from 15 thousand rubles, and more experienced specialists can count on 40-50 thousand.

Biotechnologist

The specialist is engaged laboratory research that improve production technologies. Also, biotechnologists are working on the creation of new biologically active additives, vitamin complexes, pharmacological preparations.

The profession is consistently in demand in the labor market. A specialist with a degree in biotechnology will quickly find a job in food or cosmetic laboratories, make a career in catering.

The average salary is in the region of 50-60 thousand rubles, but novice specialists will receive about 15 thousand.

This is a specialist who supervises the cultivation and collection of plants. He must be well versed not only in crop production, but also in soil science, geography, geology, and even weather research.

The profession is in demand and well paid, but the agronomist does not have to spend even half of the working day in his office. Its place is in the field, next to the plants.

Salary from 20 thousand rubles. A good agronomist with experience and understanding of his specialization can earn up to 150 thousand.

Agrochemist

A specialist in the field of agronomic chemistry studies soil science, agriculture, meteorology, plant biochemistry and much more. The result of the work of the agrochemist will be the improvement of soil fertility, plant breeding and increased yields. Specialists spend their working day in large laboratories, doing research.

The salary of an agrochemist starts from 15 thousand rubles, the upper salary level is 50 thousand rubles, with extensive experience and extensive knowledge in many areas.

Virologist

The salary in this area starts from 20 thousand rubles, and a specialist with experience and own research will receive about 60 thousand rubles a month. The profession is in demand good specialist find a job very quickly.

Zoologists are focused on the study of various animal species, their interaction with humans, and any aspects of the development of the animal world. Specialists work in research institutes, nature reserves, specialized parks and medical centers. The knowledge of zoologists is in demand in agriculture, pharmacology, medicine, other branches of science and industry.

The salary starts from 19 thousand rubles, the maximum rate for a professional zoologist is 50 thousand.

Geneticist (specialist in genetic matters)

On this moment this profession is more in demand scientific activity, assuming a large number of human DNA research. In the future, specialists in genetics will become more interesting to the labor market, and the industry is expected to develop rapidly.

Geneticists will be involved in identifying potential genetic diseases, developing DNA correction programs, preventing birth defects or health problems in children from incompatible couples.

Geneticists earn at the beginning of their career from 25 thousand rubles, the maximum bar is 90 thousand.

Biology for admission to medical school

We deliberately did not mention doctors and those who work in related fields in the list of in-demand professions. We will talk about them in the next article.

Biology is one of the most important subjects in medical universities, so standard school knowledge for admission will not be enough. Evolve:

• take additional lessons or study the necessary topics on your own;
• devote time to scientific competitions and olympiads;
• create your own projects and do a little research;
• write articles for school or city publications;
• visit training courses at the chosen university.

If you love biology, then many roads are open to you in a variety of professions. Before deciding on a university, visit the Day open doors and spend at least one day in the company of a person who is somehow connected with your future profession. It will give you more than months of thinking.

Biotechnology- one of the fastest growing scientific directions. Biomolecular research, biomedicine, bioengineering - all these areas and specializations are among the most demanded in the world.

In addition to medicine, biotechnology is increasingly being used in defense environment and in energy. In other words, this biotechnology, working at the intersection of biology and technology, provides mind-blowing career opportunities.

Among educational organizations American universities are in the lead, but other continents have something to show.

Check out the lists of the strongest medical universities in, and.

Top 10 Biology Universities in the World

1. Harvard University (USA). Harvard University is ranked number 1 in the world in genetics, genomics, and bioinformatics, and in biochemistry and biophysics, according to US News & World Report in 2014. Educational program Harvard in Biotechnology allows students to engage in bioengineering and nanotechnology, bioinformatics. The best at Harvard is considered the faculty of molecular and cellular biology. The multidisciplinary approach makes it possible to prepare not only scientists, but also employees for managerial positions in the fields of biotechnology.
2. University of Tokyo (Japan). The World Ranking Guide in 2014 ranked the University of Tokyo 2nd in their rankings. The Faculty of Biotechnology offers Master's programs in Biomolecular Research, Biofunctional Studies, Molecular and Cellular Biosciences. Students study DNA, protein engineering and bioinformatics. It is important to note that Master students undergo international internships.
3. University College London (Great Britain). University College London regularly ranks in the top 10 of various prestigious rankings. best universities biotech direction. Students get first higher education in biochemistry (the study of chemistry, biochemistry, genetics and molecular biotechnology). The most important direction here is experimental biochemistry. The Master in Biotechnology specializes in such critical areas as cellular regulation, molecular cloning and others.
4. University of California San Francisco (USA). The university offers some of the best programs in the world in biochemistry and biophysics, the areas closest to biotechnology. Master's students get the opportunity to combine Scientific research with professional business experience, which allows them to quickly find a job in the rapidly developing biotechnology sector after graduation. Molecular biotechnology programs and internships are in the greatest demand.
5. University of Pennsylvania (USA). The university offers bachelor's, master's and PhD programs in biotechnology, as well as the so-called "professional master" in biotechnology. Students can choose from the following specializations: Molecular Biotechnology, Biopharmaceuticals/Bioengineering, or Biomedical Technologies. There is also the possibility of obtaining a double degree with Wharton University.
6. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA). Founded in 1998, the Faculty of Biological Engineering quickly became one of the best in the world - it could not be otherwise in the best technological university planets (according to the latest ratings). There are first-class modern laboratory centers for biomedical engineering, environmental and health sciences, microbiology, etc.
7. Johns Hopkins University (USA). The Center for Biotechnology Education at Johns Hopkins University offers undergraduate and graduate programs in biotechnology. Students receive basic knowledge of biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, genomics and proteomics. Students also study applied science and the application of new technologies in business, as well as the opportunity for foreign internships. There are also part-time and distance learning programs.
8. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (USA). Founded in 1824, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is the oldest technological university in the United States. The Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences offers a range of programs, including a particularly popular program at the intersection of biotechnology and medicine.
9. Stanford University (USA). One of the best universities in the world - Stanford University - offers an excellent program at the Faculty of Bioengineering. The program was developed in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine and Engineering and aims to apply engineering approaches to medical problems and biological systems. The university also offers enticing internship opportunities at leading companies in the industry.
10. University of Rhode Island (USA). This renowned university offers a range of biotechnology programs at undergraduate and graduate levels. Research is largely focused on stem cell biotechnologies, molecular biotechnologies and bioprocesses.

Top Biology Schools in North America

1. Harvard University (USA).
2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA).
3. Stanford University (USA).
4. University of California, Berkeley (USA).
5. California Institute of Technology (Caltech) (USA).
6. Princeton University (USA).
7. Yale University (USA).
8. Johns Hopkins University (USA).
9. University of California, Los Angeles (USA).
10. Columbia University (USA).

The best biological universities in Europe

1. University of Oxford (Great Britain).
2. University of Cambridge (UK).
3. Imperial College London (Great Britain).
4. ETH Zürich (Switzerland).
5. University College London (Great Britain).
6. University of Edinburgh (Great Britain).
7. Wageningen University and Research Center (Netherlands).
8. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Germany).
9. King's College London (UK).
10. Uppsala University (Sweden).

Best Biology Universities in Asia

1. University of Tokyo (Japan).
2. University of Melbourne (Australia).
3. The University of Queensland Australia (Australia).
4. National University of Singapore (Singapore)
5. Kyoto University (Japan).
6. Australian National University (Australia).
7. Osaka University (Japan).
8. Monash University (Australia).
9. University of Sydney (Australia).
10. University of Western Australia (Australia).