A colon in a non-union complex sentence is placed in the following cases:
1. If the second part of the complex sentence contains an indication of the reason for what is said in the first part. The second part of such proposals is close in meaning to the union subordinate clause reasons and can usually be replaced by such a clause (with the union because, since, etc.), for example: For a revolutionary in the current conditions, this is dangerous: spies can immediately remember his speech “special sign”. (Koptel.) Cf .: For a revolutionary in the current conditions, this is dangerous, because spies can immediately remember his speech “special sign”.
2. If the second part of the complex sentence is close in meaning to the allied additional subordinate clause, and the first part contains (or implies) a verb-predicate with the meaning of perception (see, look, hear, feel, know, understand, etc.). The second part of such a complex sentence can usually be replaced by an allied additional clause (with the union that), for example: For himself, he noted: foreign merchant capital is already penetrating into the depths of Siberia (Koptel.); The sisters rushed to the windows: lights flickered, familiar buildings. (Lavrov) Compare: For himself, he noted that foreign merchant capital was already penetrating into the depths of Siberia and the Sisters rushed to the windows (and noticed that lights, familiar buildings, flashed).
3. If the second part of the complex sentence explains, specifies the meaning of the first part. In this case, words can be inserted between parts of a complex sentence, namely, that is, for example: Nothing darkens this first day of our journey: the sky is clear, the air is clear, dreams were made available. (Fedos.) Compare: Nothing overshadows this first day of our journey, namely: the sky is clear, the air is transparent, dreams were made available.
Exercise 367. Transform non-union complex sentences (orally) into allied ones, inserting the unions necessary in meaning. Explain the use of punctuation marks in allied and non-union sentences.
1. Chemizov sat down next to them and suddenly felt that his head was spinning: he saw Asya's sad, doe-like eyes. (Lavrov) 2. Leva fidgeted on the bench ... Satellites, rockets ... He clearly felt: a new beginning in the history of mankind. (Lavrov) 3. Silence was gradually broken in the house: a door creaked somewhere. (Gonch.) 4. Dina was surprised again: masterful and, as they said about him, quick-tempered to rage, Litvinov was the first to extend his hand to the chairman ... (Field.) 5. At home, Foma was greeted solemnly: his father gave the boy a heavy silver spoon with an intricate monogram, aunt - a scarf of her knitting. (Bitter.) 6. Krutovsky explained: the bridge over the Chulym is not yet ready, the passenger cars will be pushed over the ice. (Koptel.) 7. You can’t linger for a minute: the cold penetrates through and through, your eyes close, it becomes more and more difficult to breathe. (Fedos.) 8. Only now Serpilin noticed: Bruskin is lying on the ground in a tunic with torn buttonholes. (Sim.)
Exercise 368. Omitting the underlined words, transform (orally) the following complex sentences into non-union complex sentences. Explain the use of punctuation marks between parts of non-union sentences.
1. The troops of the left flank, both infantry and hussars, felt that the authorities themselves did not know what to do. (L.T.) 2. The regimental commander stood there in full confidence that there were still troops ahead of him and that the enemy could not be closer than ten miles. (L. T.) 3. The battery continued to fire and was not taken by the French only because the enemy could not assume the audacity of firing four unprotected guns. On the contrary, from the energetic action of this battery, he assumed that here, in the center, the main forces of the Russians were concentrated. (L.T.) 4. Rostov looked at what was being done in front of him as if he were being persecuted. He instinctively felt that if they now hit the French dragoons with the hussars, they would not resist. (L. T.) 5. The French officer was more inclined to think that he had been taken prisoner, because Pierre's strong hand, driven by involuntary fear, squeezed his throat tighter and tighter. (L. T.) 6. Only a sharp, trained eye could notice that on the brown plain, stretching to the west, it was not deserted and calm. (A. N. T.) 7. The streets were narrow and much dirtier than the road here from Sevastopol, that is, the dirt here was even deeper and much more stinking. (S.-Ts.) 8. Pavel did not have to see his people, since the town of Shepetovka was again occupied by the White Poles. (N. Ostr.) 9. Pyotr Petrovich was so kind that he took on part of the costs of our journey to the capital, namely, he volunteered at his own expense to deliver our luggage and a large chest. (Ext.)
Exercise 369. Rewrite with the missing punctuation marks.
I. 1. The horizon line trembled. The sky was filled with low, black clouds. They were as if red-hot from the inside, they were pierced by the red flames of the sunset. Among their ominous clubs, a large blue-gold hole shone. She could see the blue sky. On it scarlet clouds floated achingly far in the calling heights. Everything was different there, different distance, different clouds, different radiance. (Lavrov) 2. All this was so Russian, from the very heart, that Leva could not speak for a long time. Now he knew the road, covered with the image of Asya, would be unforgettable for him. And for the first time he felt old because he was already twenty-eight, and she was eighteen. (Lavrov) 3. Tanya, having risen, pulling her sheepskin coat over her shoulder, lay behind her mother and spoke in her ear in a loud whisper. And the mother lay, not moving, and answered her over her shoulder, without lowering her voice; she had long been accustomed to the fact that the Suvorovs were there, behind the curtain, two steps away from her, sleeping a heavy, tired sleep. They sleep and now Suvorov snores wearily, and Sima Suvorova sighs in her sleep and sometimes sobs without waking up. (Sim.) 4. During the evening, there was already everything and conversations, and inquiries, and Sima's congratulations that her daughter returned alive, and Sima's tears, that her sons were killed and would never return ... And Suvorov regretted that the owner was not working at night, - and praised Tanya Khalida. (Sim.) 5. “Oh, Ivan Kapitonych!” said Serpilin. “If this wound had opened at him at the beginning of the operation or in the middle, I would not have said a word. But when, just before the end... One must soberly look at his fate if the wound has opened, and he is fifty-eight years old, this is the last operation, and not to complete it for him like death... I beg you to postpone your decision for a few days. Batyuk frowned. He did not appreciate Kuzmich from his very arrival and they sent him in a hurry, over his head, without asking, and the first impression of the old man was somehow wonderful, there was such a feeling that they had put some kind of overdose in the army - on you, wretchedly, that I don't like. (Sim.)
PUNCTUATION IN A UNION-FREE COMPOUND SENTENCE.
PRACTICE #20
I. Prepare answers to the questions:
1. Comma, semicolon in a non-union complex sentence.
2. Colon in a non-union complex sentence.
3. A dash in a non-union complex sentence.
II. Complete the writing exercises:
Exercise 1. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. With the first movement of the ice, anxiety began; the loosened dam swayed; (A. G.) 2. In the field of a blizzard-zavirukha, a war thunders three miles away. (TV) 3. The transition from Europe to Asia is becoming more sensitive hour by hour. The forests are disappearing. The hills are smoothing out. The grass is thickening. (L.) 4. Days fall out in a person’s life that are like a continuous holiday; the soul is full of jubilation; everything around it glows, the earth shines solemnly singing with bird voices with the ringing of taiga forests. (Mark.) 5. You get up in the morning at four o'clock, you go out into the garden, the dew glistens on the flowers, the birds and insects rustle in the sky, not a cloud. (Ch.) 6. Everything was unattractive - the sky and the lake and the cloudy distances and the low island. (Paust.) 7 . The rain had just stopped, the clouds were running fast, the deep openings were getting bigger and bigger in the sky. (Ch.) 8. Goes to the right, the song turns to the left, tells a fairy tale. (L.) 9. They dined outdoors in the shade of oaks behind a wooden table dug into the ground below, one could see the river of the field and the hills overgrown with forests. (3ayts.) 10. I drove here, the rye began to turn yellow. Now I'm going back to this rye people eat. (Prishv.) 11. A bright summer flower bloomed there, a pale yellow rowan brush peeped out from under the leaf. (Sol.) 12. Oak bushes have grown along the slopes of the ravine near the spring, short velvet grass turns green, the sun's rays almost never touch its cold silvery moisture. (T.)
Exercise 2. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. He tried to move his left hand, she did not move. (Paust.) 2 . I finally fell off my feet, I was shaking with a strong fever and for some reason my face, hands and feet were swollen. (Ars.) 3. Ivlev looked around the weather got dull on all sides, molting clouds stretched and it was already dripping. (Boon.) 4. There was not a soul on the street and near the dachas. The old summer residents were already going to bed, and the young ones were walking in the grove. (Ch.) 5. The singing of larks is louder, the spring flowers are brighter, the heart is full of inspiration, the sky is full of beauty. (A.K.T.) 6. After five o'clock the weather began to deteriorate from the sea fog pulled. (Ars.) 7. Vasya immediately realized something had happened. (Er.) 8. If you miss a minute, you will lose hours. (Last.) 9. The next day, in the morning, a road wagon was brought to the porch, a cellar with a tea set and bundles of rolls and pies were put into it, the last signs of home pampering. (P.) 10. Imagine a December blizzard outside. (Cool.) 11. bright stars lit up in some places across the sky, like a fire, the glow of the rising full moon spread over the edge of the sky and a huge red ball oscillated surprisingly in the grayish haze. (L. T.) 12. There was a thaw, the mud, the cold of the river, the roads were broken, and the roads became impassable. (L. T.)
Exercise 3. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. I rushed to the stairs thick clouds of smoke rose towards me. (M. G.) 2. We warned him, he neglected the advice. (Ok.) 3. It was morning silence, mixed with honey, juicy air dripped down from the roofs, dew through the drainpipes. (Tv.) 4. I looked out the window in a cloudless sky, the stars flared up. (T.) 5. Meanwhile, the weather began to frown, the sky was again covered with clouds. (Ars.) 6. Grandfather turned out to be right in the evening a thunderstorm came. (Paust.) 7. No, the leaf did not move by itself; this spider, wanting to descend, weighed it down with its parachute. (Prishv.) 8. Usually, tree trunks serve as a support for creeping plants that strive up to the sun, they press their stems so hard into the bark of trees that they form deep scars in it. (Ars.) 9. The storm was approaching majestically from afar, the muffled roar of thunder was heard, the dust was rushing in a pillar. (Hound.) 10. The whole bush is covered with small pinkish flowers and butterflies are buzzing, bees are fluttering, shooting in all directions, bugs are buzzing, bumblebees are buzzing. (Prishv.) 11. He looked around the room in embarrassment; there was neither a mirror nor a towel in it. (Er.) 12. The glass of the open windows blushed and shone in the setting sun, joyful light sounds of young voices of continuous laughter rushed out of these windows into the street. (T.)·
Exercise 4. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. The bosses will not praise. (Kor.) 2. Akimov explained the calmness and confidence of the old man with only one thing: the danger had passed. (Mark) 3. The sun was setting in wide crimson stripes, its last rays scattered, golden clouds spread across the sky smaller and smaller. (M. G.) 4. Frost in Siberia is carried relatively easily by air; usually there is no dry wind. (N. Mikh.) 5. The sea does not foam, the wave does not splash, the trees do not move the leaves. (A.K.T.) 6. There were leaves became buds buds became foliage again. (TV) 7. We did not have an accurate map, so the path was not easy. (L.) Q. Usually we help each other, one peels potatoes, the other kindles the stove. (You.) 9. Shortly after sunset, the field camp was empty, the tractors went to their parking lots, and the shift that worked had dinner in the tent. (Bub.) 10. Do not shake the apple until the green ripens and falls by itself. (Last) 11. I'll get down to business, my hands fall off. (Sharp) 12. Be afraid of wolves to be without mushrooms. (Last) 13. Everything was clear the battalion was transferred to the disposal of the division. (Chuck.)
Exercise 5. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. I looked at the sky above the city, there were at least a thousand planes. (Kav.) 2. The grass scorched by the sun looks sadly hopeless, although it will rain, but it will no longer turn green. (Ch.) 3. The steamer could not go further behind the fog, neither buoys nor pass lights were visible. (Paust.) 4. Behind the wheel, I noticed a pine forest along the entire edge, flowering bird cherry trees were arranged in a continuous row. (Prishv.) 5. The visiting guest did not drop himself here, he said some kind of compliment very decent for a middle-aged man with a rank that is not too big and not too small. (G.) 6. It was dangerous to joke with the swamp - you will go into the quagmire and not return. (Mark.) 7. The day turned out to be extremely good, it was quiet, bright and moderately cold. (Ars.) 8. Not a single fire broke out in the windows of the barracks, all the workers were on the canal. (Paust.) 9. And the wave immediately obeyed the shore, she carried the barrel lightly and receded quietly. (P.) 10. Alyosha tried to fall asleep, but before he could, a storm suddenly came up. (Malts.) 11. A birch was wounded with a sharp ax along the silvery bark, tears rolled down. (A.K.T.) 12, Behind the closed door, the clock was quietly tapping. (Chuck.) 13. As soon as the edge of the setting sun touched the surface of the lake, fiery snakes ran across it. (L.)
Exercise 6. Rewrite with punctuation marks.
1. The meadow smells of honey and wormwood, the water in the pine stream smells of pine needles. (Sol.) 2. The clock was running, it was already half past eight, everyone had already left on a tractor for the forest. (B.) 3. They recognize trouble at home. (Ostr.) 4. If you complete the task, you will return. (Chuck.) 5. Vaturin hit the pine tree with a stick, it rang. (Paust.) 6. The wind blew, everything trembled, came to life and laughed. (M. G.) 7. I wanted to draw brushes falling out of my hands, I tried to read his eyes glided over the lines and read something completely different from what was written. (L.) 8. We drove up to the pier in the same place on the shore near the pier on a primus cook kulesh. (Prishv.) It was a sunny clear and cold day, the snow that fell during the night gently lay on the streets on the roofs and on the bald brown mountains. (Cyp.) 10 . A hawk, slowly flapping its wings, flew high over a distant forest; another flew in the same direction in the same way and disappeared. (T.) 11. It was hot, it smelled of lime, and the workers languidly wandered through piles of wood chips and garbage, a switchman was sleeping near his booth and the sun burned right in his face. (Ch.) 12. The wind blew at the top of the linden, a dry twig broke off and, clinging to the branches, fell onto the path of the alley because of the shed, a strong smell of wet hazel was drawn. (Ver.)
Literature
1. Valgina N.S., Svetlysheva V.N. Russian language. Spelling and punctuation. Rules and exercises: Tutorial. M.: Neolit, 2000. (http://www.hi-edu.ru/e-books/xbook051/01/part-002.htm)
2. Vodina N.S., Ivanova A.Yu. Oral and writing. Directory. Workshop. - M., 2001.
3. Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation. Full academic reference book/ Ed. V.V. Lopatina - M: AST, 2009.
4. Rosenthal D.E, I.B. Golub Russian language. Spelling. Punctuation. - M., 2003 (and other editions).
5. Rosenthal D.E. Spelling guide and literary editing. - M., 2008.
The purpose of the lesson: A generalization of the introductions about the setting of colons and dashes in a simple sentence.
Formation of skills:
- establish semantic relationships between parts in the BSP,
- determine the intonation in the BSP in accordance with the meaning of its parts,
- correctly put a colon and a dash in the BSP,
- determine the synonymy of BSP and SPP, SSP,
- compose BSP and use them in speech.
During the classes
I. Checking homework. Actualization of knowledge about the setting of colons and dashes in a simple sentence.
What rules for putting a colon in a simple sentence do you know? Give examples of colons in a simple sentence.
Answers: "This is a colon with a generalizing word."
Examples :
- With a sharp folding knife, different patterns were cut out on a stick: either a white ringlet, or a narrow spiral, or a small checkerboard. (V. Sol.)
- The guests talked about many pleasant and useful things, such as: about nature, about dogs, about wheat, about caps, about stallions. (Gog.)
- She had no expression on her face, none at all: no excitement, no joy, no fear, nothing. (Sim.)
- And now let's recall the cases of setting a dash in a simple sentence.
Answers: “Dash between subject and predicate, dash in incomplete sentence, a dash for separating applications, a dash for plug-in constructions”.
Examples:
- Work is the best medicine.
- The task of science is to comprehend the laws of nature.
- A wound from a knife heals, from a word - never.
- The fish is looking for where it is deeper, and the person is looking for where it is better.
- November is the month of autumn frosts.
- This summer I went to Tarusa, a quiet town on the Oka River.
- One day, having dozed off after dinner - they had dinner at noon - Misha left the house and slowly went into the garden. (Boon.)
- Silence - it seemed to Natasha as deep as night water - stood in the woods. (paust.)
II. Explanation of new material. Setting a colon in the BSP.
1. A colon between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed if the second simple sentence has the meaning of the reason.
I am sad: there is no friend with me. (P.)
What syntactic construction known to you can replace this BSP?
Answer: “To a complex sentence with the meaning of a reason” (I am sad, because there is no friend with me.)”
2. A colon between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed if the second part has the meaning of an explanation.
In one place, an absolutely incredible incident happened: the seller of children's balloons was blown into the air by balloons. (Olesha)
In this case, between the parts you can put the word namely (incident, namely:)
3. A colon between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed if the second part has the meaning of an explanation.
I looked up: a girl was standing on the roof of my hut. (L.)
What compound sentence can replace this non-union?
Answer: “Complex subordinate with an explanatory clause” (I looked up and saw that a girl was standing on the roof of my hut.)
In BSP with a colon between its parts, a warning intonation sounds.
III. Material for working out the setting of the colon in the BSP.
1. Kyiv epics have a heroic character: the main purpose of the heroes is to stand on the borders of the Russian land and guard it from the invasions of the steppe nomads. (Yu. Lot.)
2. One thing was certain: he would not return back. (Turg.)
3. And two years ago, inexplicable incidents began in the apartment: people began to disappear from this apartment without a trace. (Bulg.)
4. Akaky Akakievich ran home in a complete mess: the hair that was still on his temples and the back of his head was completely disheveled, his side and chest, and all his trousers were covered in snow. (Gog.)
5. And he saw: white-white as death Lancelot stands near the dead heads of the dragon. (Schwartz)
6. I jerked my hand away: a bee flew out of the very middle of the flower with a furious hiss. (L.T.)
IV. Explanation of new material. Setting a dash in the BSP.
1. A dash between the parts of an union-free complex sentence is placed if the first part has a time value.
They plow the arable land - they don’t wave their hands.
Answer: “A complex adverbial adverbial with the meaning of time. When arable land is plowed, they don’t wave their hands.”
2. A dash between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed if the first part has the meaning of the condition.
To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest.
Which complex sentence is synonymous with the given?
Answer: “Complexly subordinate adverbial with the meaning of the condition. If you are afraid of wolves, then there is nothing to go to the forest.”
3. A dash between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed if the first part indicates a consequence, the result of what is said in the first part.
Light rain sows in the morning - it is impossible to go out. (Turg.)
Which complex sentence is synonymous with the given?
Answer: “Complex subordinate adverbial with the meaning of the consequence. Light rain sows in the morning, so it’s impossible to go out.”
4. A dash between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed with comparison relations.
The word says - the nightingale sings.
Which complex sentence is synonymous with the given?
Answer: “Complex subordinate adverbial with the meaning of comparison. The word speaks like a nightingale sings.”
5. A dash between the parts of a non-union complex sentence is placed with opposition relations.
Do not hurry with your tongue - hurry with your deeds.
Answer: “A complex sentence with opposing conjunctions. Do not hurry with your tongue, but hurry with your deeds.”
6. A dash between parts of an allied complex sentence is placed with a relationship of a quick change of events, an unexpected result.
The cheese fell out - there was such a cheat with it. (Cr.)
What construction is synonymous with this sentence?
Answer: “A compound sentence with coordinating conjunctions. The cheese fell out, and there was such a cheat with it.”
The dash appears at the highest intonational point of such BSPs.
V. Material for practicing the setting of a dash in the BSP.
1. Put a blot - I'll make you lick it off with your tongue. (Schwartz)
2. At dusk, my brother carefully looked at me - I pretended to be asleep. (Boon.)
3. Looked - and familiar; ascended - so live. (Color)
4. I tried to walk - my legs buckled. (L.)
5. The storm has long passed - the stars shone, everything was silent around. (Turg.)
6. If I knew the craft, I would live in the city. (M.G.)
7. Dawn - it's time to get up.
VI. Material for practicing colons and dashes in BSP..
1. Everyone involuntarily looked out the window: someone with a mustache in a semi-military frock coat was getting out of the cart. (Gog.)
2. Leaving the house, I went through the streets; they were strange: mute, warm, damp everywhere, all around in the bare gardens and among the poplars of the boulevard there was a thick white mist mixed with moonlight.
3. Believe me: your crying and your reproach are ridiculous for them. (L.)
4. Let me go free - I will not die of hunger, I will not be lost; give me arable land - I will pay a good dues ... (Turg.)
5. The morning dawn does not burn with fire - it spreads with a gentle blush. (Turg.)
6. You pass by a tree - it does not move: it basks. (Turg.)
7. It's not a shame not to know - it's a shame not to learn.
8. I looked out the window: stars flared up in a cloudless sky. (Turg.)
VII. The task of erudition. Complete the quotes from Russian classics, put the necessary punctuation marks.
- I remember a wonderful moment ... (P.)
- Goes right ... left ... (P.)
- There are miracles ... (P.)
- The cheese fell out ... (Wings.)
- I would be glad to serve ... (Mushroom.)
- Chin followed him ... (Mushroom.)
- And therefore my custom is such ... signed ... (Mushroom.)
- I hammered the charge into the cannon tightly and thought ... (L.)
- I invited you, gentlemen, in order to ... (Gog.)
VIII. Homework: learn the theory fiction 8 colon and dash sentences in BSP, chart them.
Card 1
1. I love Ancient Rus' I see in it the struggle of the people's suffering as an attempt by society to correct shortcomings. 2. I think the school really needs work on local history. 3. Turned out because of the next turn, a hut suddenly appeared in front. 4. The last rays of the sun have disappeared, the gold of the rocks has faded. 5. The moon, dissolving in a shroud of bluish clouds, descended to the earth, its light had already dimmed.
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 2
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
1. Far beyond the Don, heavy clouds piled up obliquely, lightning cut the sky, thunder rumbled a little audibly. 2. 3. Magpie raised her head through the thin steam of frost shone golden Bear. 4. Called a loader, climb into the body. 5. The smoky sun rises will be a hot day.
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 3
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
Woke up five stations ran back.
At first, I was offended that they weren't looking for me.
Remember
The weather calmed down, the clouds dispersed, the sun shone again.
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 4
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
I wanted to draw brushes fell out of my hands.
Behind, a forest stood with a hat; in front, a swamp spread out; on the right, there was a wasteland.
The cuckoo cuckooed it's time to sow flax.
I looked out the window and saw the whole sky covered with clouds.
Frost is not terrible air dry wind no .
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 5
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
Turned out because of the next turn in front suddenly appeared a hut.
In the yard in mid-December, the surroundings, engulfed in a boundless snowy shroud, are quietly numb.
For the first time, I felt offended that they weren't looking for me.
Turned to the right in front of a sudden river appeared.
Remember well
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 6
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
The clay road became sour from the rain, so we had to huddle against the wet bushes.
Far beyond the Don, heavy clouds piled up obliquely, lightning cut the sky, and thunder rumbled barely audibly.
The sun is beating hard in the evening, a thunderstorm will gather.
The last rays of the sun have disappeared, the gold of the rocks has faded.
Remember, one evil person is never happy.
Keys
| Card 1 | Card 2 | Card 3 | Card 4 | Card 5 | Card 6 |
|
| : reason | , afterbirth | - quick change of events | - counter | - fast change of sob. | - consequence |
|
| : complements, clarifies | ; complicated | - consequence | , listed | ; complication | , at the same time events |
|
| - quick change of events | : explanation | : reason | - condition | : reason | - consequence |
|
| - consequence | - condition | : explained | : explained | - fast change of sob. | - consequence |
|
| ; complication d.o | - consequence | , listed | : reason | : explained | : explained |
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 1
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
1. I love ancient Rus' : I see in it the struggle, the suffering of the people, an attempt by society to correct shortcomings. (cause) 2. I think : The school needs a lot of local history work. (adds, clarifies) 3. They turned out because of the next turn - a hut suddenly appeared ahead. (quick change of events) 4. The last rays of the sun have disappeared - the gold of the rocks has faded. (consequence) 5. The moon, dissolving in a veil of bluish clouds, descended to the earth; her light has already dimmed. (1 ex. complicated d.a.)
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 2
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
(simultaneity of events)
(complicated by p. ob.)
Magpie raised her head: through the thin steam of frost, the golden Bear shone. (explanation)
Gruzdev called himself get in the body. (condition)
The smoky sun rises - it will be a hot day. (consequence, result)
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 3
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
I woke up - five stations ran back. ( fast turnaround)
2. The sun is very hot, a thunderstorm will gather in the evening. (consequence, result)
3. In the first minute I was offended: they are not looking for me. (cause)
4. Remember: no evil person is ever happy. (explanation)
5. The weather calmed down, the clouds dispersed, the sun shone again. (enumeration)
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 4
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
I wanted to draw, the brushes fell out of my hands. (opposition)
Behind the hat was a forest, ahead was a swamp, on the right was a wasteland. (enumeration)
The cuckoo cuckooed - it's time to sow flax. (condition. time)
I looked out the window and saw: the whole sky was covered with clouds. (explanation, addition)
Frost is not terrible: the air is dry, there is no wind . (cause)
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 5
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
They turned out because of the next turn - a hut suddenly appeared ahead. (quick change of events)
It's mid-December outside; the surroundings, engulfed by a boundless snowy shroud, quietly freeze. (complicated by p. ob.)
For the first time I was offended: they are not looking for me. (cause)
We turned right - a river suddenly appeared ahead. (quick change of events)
Remember well: not a single person could pass through this swamp. (explanation)
Verification work on the topic "Punctuation marks in a non-union complex sentence", Grade 9
Card 6
Task: put punctuation marks, explain their setting.
The clay road became sour from the rain - we had to huddle up to the wet bushes. (consequence, result)
Far beyond the Don, heavy clouds piled up, lightning cut the sky obliquely, thunder rumbled barely audibly. (simultaneity of events)
The sun is beating hard - a thunderstorm will gather in the evening. (consequence, result)
The last rays of the sun have disappeared - the gold of the rocks has faded. (consequence)
5. Remember: no evil person is ever happy. (explanation)
Didactic material
I. Comma and semicolons
Comma is put in a non-union complex sentence to separate parts that are closely related to each other (you can put a union between them And ) and denoting simultaneously or sequentially occurring events.
Cannonballs are rolling, bullets are whistling, cold bayonets hang. (A. Pushkin)
Semicolon is put in the case when the parts of the non-union complex sentence are less interconnected (in meaning and intonation they are close to independent sentences), and also when the parts are already common (have commas) or are grouped according to the meaning (in this case, the use of a comma between the parts of the non-union complex offer is an insufficient sign).
The morning is magnificent; the air is cool; the sun is low.(I. Goncharov) The pale gray sky grew lighter, colder, bluer; the stars now twinkled with a faint light, then disappeared; the earth became damp, the leaves were sweating, in some places living sounds, voices began to be heard. (I. Turgenev)
Exercise 1 . Read the text. Observe intonation, stylistic features of non-union complex sentences, justify the use of commas and semicolons.
It's fun 2 to make your way 6 along a narrow path 6 6 , between two walls of high 3 rye. Ears of wheat quietly beat 1 you in the face, cornflowers cling 6, 2 to your legs, quails scream around, the horse runs at a lazy 2 trot. Here is the forest. Shadow and silence. Stately 5 aspens high babble 6 above you 3; long hanging birch branches barely move 6 ; a mighty oak stands like a fighter near a beautiful linden 4, 7.
(I. Turgenev)
Attention! Parts of a non-union complex sentence, separated by a semicolon, are pronounced with a lower voice towards the end of the part (almost like a dot) and significant pauses between parts. The pace of speech in such sentences is usually slow.
Given this information, prepare an expressive reading of I. Turgenev's text. Try to feel the mood that the author conveys.
Determine which language tools expressiveness used in the last sentence.
Choose a synonym for the word stately.
Specify the types of one-part sentences. What is their role in the text?
Task 2. Read the non-union complex sentences and find in them grammar basics. Decide in which non-union complex sentences between parts you need to put a comma, and in which - a semicolon. Justify your choice.
Write sentences with punctuation marks. Insert the missing letters, open the brackets.
1) In the meantime, the night shone and fell like a thundercloud, it rose together with the evening vapors from_everywhere it rose and even (from) above it was dark. 2) Everything around quickly turned black and died down, only per_sang occasionally shouted. 3) Already I (with) difficulty distinguished separate (n, nn) objects, the field shone indistinctly around (behind) it (with) every moment, gloomy darkness rose up in huge clubs. 4) One p_log hill was replaced by another p_lya endlessly, but the bushes rushed after the p_lyami as if suddenly rose from the ground in front of my very nose. 5) Everywhere, large drops of r_sa were scattered with radiant _diamonds, and I met them clean and clear, as if they were also washed in the morning (n, n) with cold, the sounds of kol_k_la came. 6) The wind fell as if the wings were alive and froze with a cold soulful warmth that blew from the earth. 7) The night, hard and damp, sighed to me in a hot (n, n) face, it was getting ready for black clouds, merging and crawling across the sky, I could see my smoky eyes.
(I. Turgenev)
1) Meanwhile, the night was approaching and growing like a thundercloud; it seemed that together with the evening vapors, darkness rose from everywhere and even poured from the heights. 2) Everything around quickly turned black and subsided, some quails occasionally screamed. 3) Already I could hardly distinguish distant objects; the field was vaguely white all around; behind it, with every moment advancing in huge clubs, gloomy darkness rose up. 4) One gently sloping hill gave way to another, fields stretched endlessly after fields, bushes seemed to suddenly rise from the ground in front of my very nose. 5) Large drops of dew blushed everywhere like radiant diamonds; towards me, clean and clear, as if also washed by the morning coolness, came the sounds of a bell. 6) The wind fell, as if folding its wings, and froze; fragrant night warmth wafted from the earth. 7) The night smelled heavy and damp in my flushed face; it seemed that a thunderstorm was preparing; black clouds grew and crawled across the sky, apparently changing their smoky outlines.
(I. Turgenev)
Task 3 . (Formation of speech skills and punctuation skills.) Continue the sentences so that you get unionless complex: a) with a comma; b) with a semicolon.
1) The sky in the east began to darken...
2) Lights lit up in the evening streets...
3) Lightning shone almost continuously...
4) The river overflowed heavily during the flood ...
5) Thunder rumbled outside the village ...
6) All nature breathes freshness ...
7) The air is clean and transparent...
Task 4. Prepare an expressive reading of the text, paying attention to intonation and choice of punctuation marks in sentences.
Do you know what pleasure leave in the spring dawn? You go out onto the porch... On dark gray sky somewhere stars twinkle; damp breeze occasionally runs in a light wave; a low, indistinct whisper is heard nights; the trees faintly rustle, drenched in shadow ... Behind the wattle fence, in the garden, snoring peacefully watchman; each sound seems to stand in the frozen air, stands and does not pass. Here you sat down; the horses set off at once, the cart rattled loudly ... You are a little cold, you cover your face overcoat collar; to you dozing... But now you have driven four versts ... The edge of the sky turns red; in birch trees they wake up, jackdaws awkwardly fly; sparrows chirp near the dark stacks. Brightens air, more visible road, clearer the sky, the clouds turn white, the fields turn green. In the huts with red fire are burning splinters are heard behind the gate sleepy vote. And meanwhile the dawn flares up; here are the golden stripes stretched out in the sky, in the ravines swirl steam; larks sing loudly, predawn the wind blew - and quietly emerges crimson Sun. The light will rush in like a stream; heart in you startle, like a bird. Fresh, fun, love! .. The sun is fast rises; the sky is clear... you climbed the mountain... what a view! River winds ten versts, dimly blue through the fog; for her watery green meadows; beyond the meadows gentle hills; far away lapwings screaming curl above swamp; through the moist sheen, poured in the air, the distance clearly stands out ... How freely the chest breathes, how cheerfully are moving members like grows stronger the whole person engulfed fresh breath of spring!
(I. Turgenev)
Title the text, define its main idea.
How many paragraphs can be distinguished in this text?
What is the role of non-union complex sentences in the text?
What explains the differences in punctuation marks (comma and semicolon) between parts of non-union complex sentences?
What means of expression are used by the author?
Explain the spelling of the underlined words.
Compose small text, using non-union complex sentences with a semicolon and a semicolon, on one of the following topics:
1. Before a thunderstorm.
2. Early in the morning.
3. Summer evening.
4. Snowstorm.
5. Leaf fall.
II. Colon staging
Colon between parts of an asyndetic complex sentence is placed in the following cases:
1. If there is a causal relationship between the parts (the second sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first sentence), in this case, unions can be put before the second part because, since .
Ignorance should never boast: ignorance is impotence.(N. Chernyshevsky)
2. If there are explanatory relations between the parts (the second part explains, concretizes the expressed idea of the first part), in this case explanatory-attaching unions can be put before the second part namely, that is .
The weather was terrible: the storm wind roared from the night, the rain poured down like a bucket. (I. Goncharov)
3. If the second part complements the content of the first part by expanding one of its members (usually a predicate). In the first part, in this case, you can insert the verbs of speech, thoughts, feelings, perceptions ( hear, see, feel and the like). Test unions: what how .
He raised his head: through the thin steam, the golden Bear shone.
Exercise 1. Read the sentences. Indicate non-union complex sentences in which the second part
a) indicates the reason for what is said in the first part;
b) reveals, explains the content of the first;
c) complements the meaning of the first part.
1) I entered the hut: two benches and a table and a huge chest near the stove made up all of its furniture. 2) I could not sleep: in front of me in the darkness, a boy with white eyes kept spinning. 3) I got up and looked out the window: someone ran past him a second time and disappeared God knows where. 4) We looked at each other: we were struck by the same suspicion. 5) I looked up: on the roof of my hut stood a girl in a striped dress, with loose braids, a real mermaid. 6) She was pretty: tall, thin, her eyes were black, like those of a mountain chamois, and looked into your soul. 7) I am stupidly created: I do not forget anything. 8) Grushnitsky took on a mysterious look: he walks with his hands behind his back, and does not recognize anyone. 9) A long-forgotten thrill ran through my veins at the sound of that sweet voice; she looked into my eyes with her deep and calm eyes: they expressed incredulity and something like a reproach. 10) One thing has always been strange to me: I have never become the slave of the woman I love; on the contrary, I have always acquired an invincible power over their will and heart, without even trying to do so. 11) One should never reject a penitent criminal: out of desperation, he can become twice as criminal. 12) Oh, I ask you: do not torment me as before with empty doubts and feigned coldness. 13) I laugh at everything in the world, especially at feelings: it starts to scare her. 14) I looked at her and was frightened: her face expressed deep despair, tears sparkled in her eyes. 15) Our conversation began with slander: I began to sort out our acquaintances present and absent, first showing their funny, and then their bad sides. 16) These patients are such a people: they know everything. 17) I got down and crept up to the window: the loosely closed shutter allowed me to see the feasters and hear their words. 18) Here are my conditions: today you will publicly renounce your slander and ask me for forgiveness. 19) I ask you one thing: shoot quickly. 20) Everything is arranged as best as possible: the body has been brought ... the bullet has been taken out of the chest. 21) A lot of time has passed since then: I have penetrated into all the secrets of your soul. 22) I will never love another: my soul has exhausted all its treasures, its tears and hopes on you. 23) I took from the table ... an ace of hearts and threw it up: everyone's breathing stopped. 24) I walked around the hut and approached the fateful window: my heart was beating strongly. 25) I like to doubt everything: this disposition of the mind does not interfere with the decisiveness of character. 26) There are two people in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him.
What story are these lines taken from? Name the author.
How to explain the frequent use of personal pronouns I in these proposals?
Give a complete punctuation description of sentence 10.
Draw a sentence diagram 9.
Task 2. Read. Determine the semantic relationships between the parts of non-union complex sentences. Write down sentences, punctuating, emphasizing grammatical basics, in the following sequence:
1) the second sentence indicates the reason for what the first sentence says;
2) the second sentence reveals, explains the content of the first one;
3) the second sentence complements the meaning of the first sentence.
1) There are such happy faces in the world that anyone can look at them like they are warming you or stroking you. 2) It was not only by the half-wild charm spilled over her entire subtle body that she attracted me; I liked her soul. 3) It wasn’t my legs that carried me, it wasn’t the boat that carried me, I was lifted by some kind of wide strong wings. 4) Suddenly I hear someone calling me. 5) My head was spinning too many impressions flooded into it at once. 6) He loved her passionately and never forbade her anything; in his heart he considered himself guilty before her.
(I. Turgenev)
Task 3. Continue the sentences so that you get non-union complex sentences with a colon. Determine the semantic relationships between the parts.
1. Plants freshen the air: ...
2. The forest affects the air temperature: ...
3. Love nature: ...
4. Read the book by V. Kaverin "Two Captains": ...
5. I looked at the sky: ...
6. I'm happy: ...
7. I ask you one thing: ...
III. Setting a dash
Dash is placed between parts of an asyndetic complex sentence in the following cases:
1. If the content of one part is sharply opposed to the content of another part. These relationships can be tested by inserting conjunctions ah, but, but .
Feet carry - hands feed. (Proverb)
2. If the first part indicates the time or condition of what is said in the second part. Verification unions: time - When , conditions - If .
1) Evening will come - the stars will light up in the sky. 2) If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.(Proverb)
3. If the second part contains a conclusion or a consequence of what is said in the first part. These relationships can be tested by unions so, therefore .
The layer of clouds was very thin - the sun shone through it.(K. Paustovsky)
4. If the parts of a non-union complex sentence have a comparison value. Test unions: as if, as if, as .
Look - the ruble will give. (Proverb)
5. If the parts of a non-union complex sentence draw a quick change of events.
Cheese fell out - with him there was such a cheat. (I. Krylov)
6. If the parts of an all-union complex sentence are connected by concessions. Test unions: although despite the fact that .
I spoke the truth - they did not believe me. (M. Lermontov)
Exercise 1. Read the sentences. What semantic relations are expressed by a dash in these non-union complex sentences? What alliances can test these relationships? Draw intonation schemes of the 1st, 2nd, 8th sentences. Write out the words with the highlighted letters, explain their spelling.
1) I was g O Comrade to love the whole world - m e nya n And who (not) understood. 2) He (not) r A waved his hands - a sure sign of some secrecy of character. 3) I repeat O ril pr And pronouncement - he And what (not) answered. 4) Vd A whether in And dust cleared - Azamat sk A feces per l And hom Karagoze. 5) Try O shaft go p e shkom - my legs one To O tried. 6) Shot p A surrendered - smoke filled the room A that. 7) Mountain lake e ro sv e barks in the sun - shimmers with all colors e Tami in O magical krista ll. 8) Mist of Ra ss e I lysya - in e rshiny again A St. e roared in the sun. 9) I was modest - m e nya obv And nyali in bow V stve.
(M. Lermontov)
Task 2 . Write off, grouping the proverbs according to the semantic relationships of their parts. Insert the missing letters, highlight and mark the spellings in these words.
1) Summer adds - winter gives. 2) Darkness does not like light - the evil one does not tolerate the good. 3) They go ahead - they don’t burn in_los. 4) The source quenches thirst - good word animates the heart. 5) By eye, turn_sh_ - crookedly measured_sh_. 6) The brave ones win - the cowardly ones die. 7) Do not shout about s_be - let others quietly say about you. 8) Science does not work for nothing - science gains by labor. 9) They teach the alphabet - for the whole hut kr_chat. 10) Finished the job - walk boldly. 11) There is patience - bud_t and skill. 12) Business time - fun hour. 13) Human labor feed_t - laziness port_t. 14) Better plowing_sh_ - more bread in_zmesh_. 15) The red sun rose - goodbye, the moon is bright. 16) A man without a homeland is a nightingale without a garden. 17) From the world on a thread - a naked shirt. 18) The eyes are afraid - the hands are doing. 19) I believe in Altyn - they don’t believe in the ruble. 20) It fell from the cart - you can’t find it_. 21) A white pen is a black soul. 22) With stupid people - you yourself are stupid. 23) Talk to a smart person - drink water. 24) A friend quarrels with a friend - an enemy in_with_lit_sya. 25) If you don’t know how to wave a stick, your neck will hurt. 26) The root of the teaching is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. 27) A scientist without practice is a bee without honey. 28) I read a good book - I met a friend. 29) Together they take up the cause - the desert blooms. 30) One tongue, a pair of ears - once say, two p_listen. 31) Do not look for an impeccable friend - stay alone. 32) Diseases pass, and diseases pass - habits remain forever. 33) A happy whistle talks about luck - an unhappy one cries loudly about his misfortune. 34) He smacked him with love - he gave him half his health. 35) The rich man did not find a heifer in his herd - he took the last heifer from a b_day. 36) Do not regret the work, do not fill it up - in the flower_current, in the end, the key is pr_vr_tit_sya. 37) The first stone crookedly grew into the ground - the whole wall went awry. 38) Offended by a friend - lie down with a stone word. 39) A smart head feeds a hundred heads - thin and does not feed one. 40) Mel_t day until evening - there is nothing to listen to. 41) If you read books, you will know everything. 42) The enemy of the poddakiva_t is the friend of the dispute_t. 43) Do not get up in the morning - the day is gone. 44) Khv_stun will tell the truth - no one will believe him.
Indicate sentences whose content is based on the use of antonyms.
Name the proverbs that are synonymous in meaning.
IV. Training exercises
Exercise 1 . Read the sentences. Convert compound and complex sentences into complex non-union sentences. Write with proper punctuation.
1) Proverbs and sayings are always short, and the mind and feelings are invested in them for whole books. (M. Gorky) 2) With his feet, a person must grow into the land of his homeland, but let his eyes survey the whole world. (J. Santayana) 3) There is a popular belief that lightning bolts “bury bread”, that is, they illuminate it at night. This makes the bread pour faster. (According to K. Paustovsky) 4) Small rooms or dwellings gather the mind, while large ones disperse it. (Leonardo da Vinci) 5) If you are going to love someone, learn to forgive first. (A.Vampilov) 6) Not only did you collect the books, but the books also collected you. (V. Shklovsky) 7) If you want to be rich, do not think about increasing your property, but only reduce your greed. (K. Helvetius)
Determine the main idea of the proverbs (sentences 8, 9, 10). What advice is contained in the proverb Read without thinking - what to eat without chewing?
Task 2. Write down sentences, put punctuation marks, justify your choice. Underline the grammatical foundations of the sentences.
1) He who goes on the road and is bored alone, let him take a book as his companion; (Ancient Eastern wisdom) 2) Love a book, it will help you sort out the motley confusion of thoughts, it will teach you to respect a person. (M. Gorky) 3) It [the book] introduces people to the life and struggle of other people, makes it possible to understand their experiences, their thoughts, their aspirations; it makes it possible to compare, understand the surroundings and transform it. (N. Krupskaya) 4) It is necessary to deal with the word honestly; it is the highest gift to a person. (M. Gorky) 5) Science must be loved; people have no power more powerful and victorious than science. (M. Gorky) 6) And my request is the following, take care of our language. (I. Turgenev) 7) I looked around my heart, it ached sadly to enter the peasant's hut at night. (I. Turgenev) 8) A narrow path led between the bushes to the steepness, the fragments of the rocks made up the shaky steps of this natural staircase, clinging to the bushes, we began to climb. (M. Lermontov) 9) It was getting hot, white shaggy clouds quickly fled from the snowy mountains, promising a thunderstorm, Mashuk's head was smoking like an extinguished torch; Around it, gray wisps of clouds curled and crawled like snakes, held back in their striving and seemed to be clinging to its thorny bushes. (M. Lermontov) 10) People from the fortress gathered around him, he [Kazbich] didn’t notice anyone, stood and talked and went back, I ordered to put money for the rams near him, he didn’t touch them. (M. Lermontov) 11) Pechorin is not indifferent listlessly he bears his suffering, he madly pursues life, looking for it everywhere, he bitterly accuses himself of his delusions. (V. Belinsky) 12) Water is the master of water and fears fire. (Proverb) 13) Do not dig a hole for another, you yourself will fall . (Proverb) 14) Do not swear, it will not be clean in your mouth. (Proverb) 15) A mare with a wolf competed with one tail and a mane remained. (Proverb) 16) Amid the noisy crowd of the unknown, those sounds more understandably reminded me twice as miraculously of power, they are all dear to my heart. (A. Fet) 17) A colored ball is jumping in the yard in front of me, this ball is very nice, it has not yet beaten glasses. (G. Vieru) 18) Each case has a special smell in the bakery it smells like dough and baking. You walk past the carpenter's shop with a smell of shavings and a fresh board. (J. Rodari) 19) You just need to do something good to do something, then our mothers will smile and cry from the happiness of their mother. (O.Shestinsky) 20) There is nothing holier and more disinterested than a mother's love; all affection, all love, all passion is either weak or selfish in comparison with it. (V. Belinsky)
Select sentences that match the following schemes:
– ; – .
(because)
: .
Indicate a non-union complex sentence, the relationship between the parts of which is causal.
Illustrate the following spellings with examples from the sentences:
1) -tsya, -tsya in verbs: ...
2) n, n in suffixes of different parts of speech: ...
3) Not with different parts of speech: ...
4) roots with alternating vowels: ...
5) unstressed vowels, checked by stress: ...
By using explanatory dictionary Explain the meaning of the underlined word.
Write down the words, the structure of which corresponds to the schemes:
Indicate the parts of speech in the 17th sentence.
Task 3. Read the Fragments literary works. Indicate the author, title of the work, define the genre.
Write off by inserting the missing letters, placing punctuation marks.
1) One poor mother did not sleep. She clung to the head of her dear sons, who were lying nearby, she combed their small, carelessly tangled (n, nn) curls and wetted them with tears, she looked at them with all her feelings and could not be impudent. She raised them with her own (n, nn) breast, she grew up, took them up, and only for one moment saw them before the battle. My sons, my dear sons, what will happen to you, what awaits you, she said, and the tears stopped in the mists that changed her once beautiful face.
2) Sweet good old tender
You don't make friends with sad thoughts
Listen to this snow harmonica
I ra (s, ss) tell about my life.
3) Don't leave mothers alone
They fade from loneliness.
Among worries in love (n, n) awn and books
Don't forget to be kind to them.
4) I know a lot about the exploits of women who carried wounded (n, n) fighters from the battlefield, who worked for men who donated their blood to children following their husbands along the Siberian highways. I never thought that all this had to do with my mother. To a quiet, shy, everyday oz_boche (n, n) oh, only by how to tell us to put on shod_rech_ ...
Now I look back at her life and see she went through it all. I see it with op_building. But I see.
5) If your heart has become severe
Be the children more affectionate with her.
B_r_gite Mother from an evil word
Know the children will hurt all the b_lney!
...Mother will die and not erase the scars.
The mother will die and the pain will not be relieved.
I swear take care of Mom
Children of the world take care of Mother!
6) My friend my brother my comrade my
if your mother calls you
Rush to her with your heart. Sp_shi.
Rush to her in the most winged river.
Every moment counts. Be faster than sound
and than light.
You stop on the way, you don’t forget this forever.
.....................................................
Ah, the maternal covenant, and what are you wiser in the world?
You take us to the stars, even on dark, deaf nights.
I dare say there are few bad mothers in the world!
Why, then, is evil still crawling on earth?
AND selfishness stinks? And dries the heart hoarding?
But how on earth would it be light for people
If all the mothers of theirs were obeyed, there would be nurturing.
7) Give me a bigger soul
Kind heart
Eye (not) dormant
Goal_with soft outgoing affectionate
Hands are strong (not) spiteful
It is very difficult to be a mother!
(N. Gogol. "Taras Bulba"; S. Yesenin. "Snow jam is crushed and prickly"; A. Dementiev, Yu. Yakovlev. "Heart of the Earth"; R. Gamzatov. "Take care of mothers"; S. Ostrovoy. "Mother "; A. Yashin. "Mother's prayer.)
Draw diagrams of non-union complex sentences, indicate the grammatical foundations in them.
Use a dictionary to find the meaning of the underlined words.
Task 4. Prepare an expressive reading of the text.
The constant presence of my mother merges into my every memory. Her image is inextricably linked with my existence... I sometimes lay in oblivion, some kind of intermediate state between sleep and fainting: my pulse almost stopped beating, my breathing was so weak that they put a mirror to my lips to find out if I was alive; Doctors and all those around me have long condemned me to death: the doctors - on undoubted medical grounds, and those around me - on undoubted bad omens. It is impossible to describe the suffering of my mother, but her enthusiastic presence of mind and the hope of saving her child never left her. “Mother Sofya Nikolaevna,” said more than once, as I myself heard, a distant relative devoted to her soul, “stop torturing your child; after all, both the doctor and the priest told you that he was not a tenant. Submit to the will of God: put the child under the image, light a candle and let his angelic soul come out of the body with peace. After all, you only interfere with her and disturb her, but you cannot help ... ”But my mother met such speeches with anger and answered that, as long as the spark of life glimmers in me, she will not stop doing everything she can to save me, - and again put me unconscious in a fortifying bath, poured rhine wine or broth into my mouth, rubbed my chest and back with her bare hands for hours, and if that didn’t help, then filled my lungs with her breath - and after a deep sigh, I began to breathe stronger, as if waking up to life, gaining consciousness, began to eat and talk, and even recovered for a while. This happened more than once ... I attributed my salvation to vigilant care, unrelenting care, boundless attention of my mother. Attention and care was like this: constantly in need of money, interrupting, as they say, from a penny to a penny, my mother got an old Rhine wine in Kazan, for almost five hundred miles, for an unheard-of price at that time. In the city of Ufa there were no so-called French white loaves at that time - and every week, that is, every mail, a generously rewarded postman brought three white loaves from the same Kazan. I mentioned this as an example; exactly the same was observed in everything. My mother did not let the dying lamp of life die out in me; as soon as he began to fade, she nourished him with a magnetic outpouring own life, own breath.
(S.T. Aksakov)
Formulate and write down the topic and main idea of the text. (The selfless struggle of a mother for the life of her child is the theme of the text. The meaning of the text is deep: as long as there is a Mother on earth, a person is not afraid, she will kindle a light in the darkness of the night, will not let her get lost and abyss, will help, close from trouble, warm the soul, save, brought back to life.)
Explain the punctuation marks in the text.
Indicate non-union complex sentences in the text.
Draw a diagram of the third sentence, give it a description.
Remember the spelling "letters n And nn in words of different parts of speech”, illustrate it with examples from the text.
Complete the table with examples from the text:
Checked unstressed vowels in the root
Unchecked unstressed vowels in the root
Roots with vowel alternation
Prepare to take dictation.
Task 5. Read the text. Write down, punctuating, justify your choice.
You bought new book... It can be in hard card (n, n) binding with calico n_covered in hard card (n, nn) o (paper) cover or in soft paper cover_ke. The book is new, clean and crisp. Do you want to store it in that form? Remember
Books are afraid of 1 sunlight (do not) read 6 of them in the bright sun. 7
Books are afraid of damp (do not) read them in the rain.
Books are afraid of dirt and grease stains (do not) read them (while) eating (do not) brush with dirty hands.
Books are afraid of dust, clean 2, 3 of them, preferably with a dust_sucker.
Books are afraid of mechanical damage (not) over byte 2 them (do not) put (in) them thick objects turning over 2 grab the edge of the sheet and (do not) salivate your finger_. 7
In_use these tips, the youth of your 3 books 1 will be provided 4.
(From the calendar)
Title the text. Determine its main idea.
Explain the meaning of the underlined word.
Perform the specified types of analysis.
Choose cognates for words book, reading.
Task 6. Prove that the colons in the examples refer to three different punctograms. What is the similarity of the intonation of all sentences with a colon?
1) I rode at a pace and was soon forced to stop: my horse was stuck, I didn’t see a thing. (I. Turgenev) 2) Work saves us from three great evils: boredom, vice, need. (Voltaire) 3) I looked around: the night stood solemnly and regally. (I. Turgenev) 4) V.G. Belinsky argued: "Literature is the consciousness of the people, the color and fruit of its spiritual life." 5) Knowledge is based on three things: much to see, much to learn, and much to suffer. (W. Foscolo)
Task 7 . Read. Explain the use of colons in text.
Fable
DRAGONFLY AND ANT
In autumn, the ants got wet wheat: they dried it. A hungry dragonfly asked them for food. The ants said: “Why didn’t you gather food in the summer?”. She said: "There was a lack of time: she sang songs." They laughed and said: "If you played in the summer, dance in the winter."
(L.N. Tolstoy)
Formulate and write down two questions to the fable.
Task 8. Indicate where the dash is placed: a) between the subject and the predicate; b) in an incomplete sentence; c) before a generalizing word; d) in a non-union complex sentence; e) in a compound sentence.
1) Light snow began to fall - and suddenly it fell in flakes. (A. Pushkin) 2) To comprehend one's guilt to the end - this is the property of a wise man and a brave man. 3) A bird is visible by feathers, and a person by speeches. (Proverb) 4) Communication with a book is the highest and indispensable form of human intellectual development. 5) We went down into the ravine, the wind died down for a moment - measured blows clearly reached my ears. (I. Turgenev) 7) Read a book - enrich your memory, continuously learn new things.
Task 9. Find the third one. Justify your choice.
I. 1) Thoughts should be attacked with thoughts: ideas are not fired from guns. (A. Rivarol) 2) She raised her eyes with an effort and immediately turned them away: Gogol looked at her, smiling. (K. Paustovsky) 3) The homeland is made up of concrete and visible things: huts, villages, rivers, songs, fairy tales, picturesque and architectural beauties. (V. Soloukhin)
II. 1) I lived, I was - for everything in the world I answer with my head. (A. Tvardrovsky) 2) Never lose patience - this is the last key that opens the door. (A. de Saint-Exupery) 3) To be able to endure loneliness and enjoy it is a great gift. (B. Shaw)
III. 1) Do not sing, beauty, with me you are sad songs of Georgia: they remind me of another life and a distant shore. (A. Pushkin) 2) The desired time will come: love and friendship will reach you through gloomy gates. (A. Pushkin) 3) I give way to you: it’s time for me to smolder, for you to bloom. (A. Pushkin)
Task 10. Write, punctuating, inserting missing letters, opening brackets.
1) Learning is the same as going (down) with the flow. Stopped for a minute and you were thrown (on) back. 2) The morning is dawning on the white sky slope, the golden pale field is fresher and the wind is getting harder. (N.Gogol) 3) For everything that exists in the nature of water, air, clouds, clouds, rains, l_sov, a lot of rivers and lakes, meadows, fields of flowers and herbs, in the Russian language there are many good words and n_titles. (K. Paustovsky) 4) The word is the key and open hearts. (Proverb) 5) There is (in) the autumn of the initial short but marvelous f_ra all day long, as if crystal and radiant in_chera. (F. Tyutchev) 6) If a person depends on nature, then she depends on him, she did him, he remakes it. (A. France) 7) Give a man all the blessings of life, but deprive him of his understanding of the meaning of life on earth, he will be unhappy. (K.Ushinsky) 8) An evil man is like a g_rshka l_easily flies but (c) it is difficult to glue a good man like a jug of gold (c) it is hard to cling but easily glues. (Indian folk wisdom) 9) The exceptional happiness of a person is to be with his own f_st_yanny favorite business. (Vl. Nemirovich-Danchenko) 10) Closely connected is the bliss of the Russian man with the existence of a r_stenia zh_v_sya x_r_sho r_steniy х_r_sho zh_vet_sya and a man. Dying_t r_stenie an unstoppable disaster threatens a man too. (K. Timiryazev) 11) The wealth of other people (not) should be seen, they acquired him with such a price that, not according to our pocket, they sacrificed for his sake with some kind of health and honor. This is too expensive (s, h) the deal brought us only a loss. (J.Labruyère) 12) Love is a great adornment of life, it makes the birth of flowers play with colors, sing wonderful songs, dance in_l_cool dances. (A. Lunacharsky) 13) Too much dignity sometimes makes a person (un)suitable for society go to the market (not) with gold ingots, they need r_zme (n, nn) th m_net, especially a trifle. (N. Chamfort)
Indicate non-union complex sentences, draw their diagrams.
Task 11 . Read. Solve riddles. Write with punctuation marks.
1) One pours 1 the other drinks the third grows. 2) One says let's run let's run 6 the other says 6 we'll stand we'll stand the third one says we'll stagger we'll stagger. 3) Little black dog 6 curled up 2 lies does not bark does not bite and does not let into the house. 4) 2 rivers are pouring 6 we are lying. Ice on the river we run 4 .
List the parts of speech in the first sentence.
Perform types of analysis.
Task 12. Read the text. Explain the placement of punctuation marks and highlighted spelling. Get ready to take dictation.
Summer, July morning! How gratifying br O play on z A re! green dash l O lives the trace of your feet on the river O system, pob e left handed grass. you pa h dvin e those wet bush - you will be covered with nak O drunk warm app A home of the night; all the air O en fresh bitterness O lyni, honey gr e sneezes and porridge; wda whether the wall O um oak forest and bl e stit and a l eet on co l no; still St. e and O, but already V stuve ts I am the proximity of the heat. G O l O va languidly circle ts I am from excess A G O hoots. Shrub no to O nca... Something where is wda whether e flies posp e ro zh, y h kimi p O blushes in patches e sneeze. Here is the screen And sang t e lega; sample step And paradise ts I'm a man, he puts the horse in the shade in advance ... You p O zd O rushed with him, from O walked - sound ch th la h g to O cheese A zd A e ts I'm behind you. The sun is getting higher and higher. dry quickly e t grass. It's already hot... Through the thick bushes O solver, p e R e puta nn 2 tenacious grass, descent e te 2 you to the bottom O enemy ... Under the very O break t A it is historically ch ik; oak bush greedily pa With threw his pawed bitches over the water b I; big s e R e bubbling bubbles, O sighing, up And toil from the bottom, covered with small bar A thick moss 4 ... you are in the shade, you breathe And those n A shitty cheese O stu; you x O R O sho 3... But what is it? Wind out e suddenly n A l e bodies and raced; the air trembled all around: isn’t it thunder? .. But weakly St. e lightning flashed... Eh, yes it is gr O behind! The sun is still shining brightly all around. O wants b it's still possible. But the cloud A steth: its front edge is drawn And sleeved O nyah ts I am a vault. Grass, bushes, all suddenly sweat e swamped ... Hurry! out, it seems ts I'm in And today ts I am nn oh s A paradise... soon! you ext e sorry, in O walked... What's the rain like? what are lightning bolts? some- where through O scrap nn Water dripped on the fragrant hay on the roof ... But then the sun began to play again. Thunderstorm Ave O walked; you exit And those. My God, how cheerfully everything sparkles all around, like the air and 3 and liquid, how it smells e buttermilk 2 and mushrooms!..
(According to I. Turgenev)
How can you title this text?
How many paragraphs can it have? Which? Try to plan the text.
Determine artistic idea text. Check out the means to do this.
In what type of speech does the author express his thoughts? Prove it.
What means of interphrasal communication does I.S. Turgenev?
Indicate the parts of speech in the last sentence.
Draw diagrams of non-union complex sentences. Underline the grammatical foundations in non-union complex sentences.
Give a full punctuation description of the fourth sentence.
Perform types of analysis.
Task 13. Prepare an expressive reading of the text. Explain the placement of punctuation marks, spelling of the highlighted words. Prepare to take dictation.
I remember for a long time: heat, stuffiness, hair stuck together at the temples, throwing V half delirious: hard sick child. And suddenly from somewhere, as if from another world, floats something cloudy, soft, cool and smoothes the forehead, relieving pain and reducing fever; and finally comes a dream - a sound restful sleep recovery...
Mother's hands. I remember them then, in childhood, - beautiful, with long fingers. I know them and current... I also know: will it break out unexpected trouble, will the soul ache, will you lose yourself or love, the first hand extended to help, will be the mother's hand.
True, sometimes we appreciate it too much. late And belated we are trying with flowers redeem my callousness, inattention, and sometimes - that they were shy for some reason talk to her about love. In life.
Differently their fates, the fates of our mothers, were formed. Look at these hands, like the branches of an old tree, sadly flow down they are on their knees. Years left their marks on them: deep paths marked loss, grief, fatigue, lack of sleep, swollen, like streams in flood, overburdened veins ... I see my mother on the threshold of the house: I worked from dawn until evening, she went out onto the porch, sighed, sat down on the heated steps, folding her hands in her lap. waiting something? Maybe yes: son, what a long time ago was not away, daughter, what grew imperceptibly, grandchildren. Here they come running - she will caress them, she will tell a long a fairy tale or sing a song, sorting through children's curls...
Invest mother's hands in yours, raise, zoom in to your face, look into wrinkled fingers. They once upon a time were flexible and agile, soft and smooth. But whatever they are - young or old, smooth or "with knots", Nothing there is no more beautiful than them and cannot be in the world.
(According to O. Kuzmina)
Express your attitude to the problem raised in this text in a short creative work. Think about questions like:
2) how can we repay, repay mother for her love, carried like a burning candle through all the years of her life? for sleepless nights spent near our crib, in the fight against enemies and ailments that often fall to the lot of children? for the daily, painstaking, ongoing from year to year, and at the same time so inconspicuous work around the house, around the house?
(According to A. Vladimirov)
Use, where possible, non-union complex sentences to express your thoughts.
Task 14. Read the sentences. Try to name the author, work, genre. Write with punctuation marks.
1) Suddenly the cheese spirit Fox stopped Fox sees cheese Fox cheese captivated. 2) The crow croaked at the top of its crow's throat, the cheese fell out with him, it was such a cheat. 3) I will find a secret and I will open the Casket for you in Mechanics and I am worth something. 4) Here he began to twirl the Casket from all sides and breaks his head. 5) Ignorant they judge exactly what they don’t understand, then everything is a trifle with them. 6) "And to be angry in vain, he deigns to stir up a drink for him, in no way I can." 7) You look at the businessman of another, he is busy rushing about, everyone is amazed, he seems to be torn from the skin, but everything does not move forward like a squirrel in a wheel. 8) The frog in the meadow, seeing Ox, started herself in fertility she was envious of equaling him. 9) With Pylades, my Orestes gnaw, only shreds fly up by force, finally they were poured with water. 10) I am your old matchmaker and godfather came to put up with you not at all for the sake of a quarrel, let's forget the past, set a common fret! 11) Everything has passed with the cold winter, the need for hunger is coming The dragonfly no longer sings, and who in the mind will go to the stomach to sing hungry! 12) Although it [the bridge] is simple in appearance, but a liar has a wonderful property, not one of us dares to cross it until it reaches halfway, fails and falls into the water. 13) This Pike teaches you to be smarter and not to follow mice. 14) The peasant's undertakings are not great, he immediately found a good thing in Bulat. 15) That's what I heard about that from the side dry the lion showed contempt for the mosquito, the lion took an evil offense, not having endured the mosquito, he rose up against the lion in war. 16) Here the Nightingale began to show his art, began to click, whistled in a thousand frets, pulled, shimmered. 17) There are many such examples in the world, no one likes to recognize himself in satire.
Explain punctuation marks. Draw diagrams of non-union complex sentences.
Give a complete punctuation description of sentences 5, 7, 9, 11, 12.
Determine the meanings of the highlighted words.
What is the meaning of the word dry in the 15th sentence? Choose synonyms for it.
Remember the rule "Spelling -tsya, -tsya in verbs” and illustrate it with examples from these sentences.
Perform types of analysis.
Indicate the parts of speech in the 9th sentence.
Continue the formulation of the conclusion: "I. Krylov's fables contain ...".
What phenomena, vices does I. Krylov ridicule in his fables?
Task 15 . Read the sentences. What punctuation marks should be placed in them? Explain your choice. Fill the table.
BSP
Dash
Colon
Semicolon
Comma
comparison
quick change of events
conclusion,
consequence
time,
condition
opposes.
meaning explanation
additional
cause
enumerated
enumerated
1) The day turned out to be slushy in the morning, sleet began to fall interspersed with rain ... (B.Mozhaev) 2) Fomich examined his dilapidated tarpaulin boots and decided to tie the rubber soles with rawhide straps. The road to Tikhanov is a long one. (B.Mozhaev) 3) The day was chilly milky white tousled clouds rose to meet him in the blue span between the houses. (V.Nabokov) 4) She looked at herself in the mirror: her face was paler than usual. (V.Nabokov) 5) In his appearance there was something like a badger, a blunt-nosed face stretched forward with a black mustache and a white beard, a sloping low forehead and a gray stubble of short hair lying tightly, as if licked. (B.Mozhaev) 6) It’s not for nothing that winter is angry that its time has passed, spring knocks on the window and drives it out of the yard. (F. Tyutchev) 7) October has already come, the grove is shaking off the last leaves from its bare branches. (A. Pushkin) 8) Over the hills in clean hours, the air smoked, carrying the bitter, intoxicating smell of dry wormwood, distant voices sounded clearly, flying birds screamed. (V. Rasputin) 9) I lost a lot of weight, my mother, who arrived at the end of September, was scared for me. (V. Rasputin) 10) Frightened by the elk, Nastenka looked in amazement at the snake, the viper still lay curled up in a warm ray of the sun. (M. Prishvin) 11) The air is already beginning to get dark and everything around is cooling. (M. Prishvin) 12) The autumn cold has died, the road freezes through. (A. Pushkin) 13) It was so customary in their family that all misfortunes fell just on Frolov's day. (B.Mozhaev) 14) Renovation would be the death of the house. (V.Belov) 15) I remember a wonderful moment you appeared before me. (A. Pushkin) 16) Freedom and licentiousness of the concept are completely opposite to each other. (Quintilian) 17) Education needs three things in giving science exercise. (Aristotle)
What proposals did you not write out? Why?
Which columns of the table are left blank? Fill them in with your own examples: make up your own sentences or write them out from literary works.
