The grammatical basis of the sentence with examples. How to determine the grammatical basis? Explanation of parsing a sentence, complex cases What is the number of grammatical foundations of a sentence

A10 (A9). Offer. Types of sentences by the number of grammatical foundations.

A9 (A8). Offer. The grammatical basis of the sentence. Subject and predicate as the main members of the sentence.

A8 (A7). Means of communication of sentences in the text.

A6 (A26). Replacing the attributive clause with participle turnover.

IT IS FORBIDDEN replace:

1) if the allied word which used in the indirect case with or without a preposition

2) predicate in subordinate clause used in the future tense

3) the predicate in the subordinate clause is used in the form of a conditional mood (there is a particle BY)

4) the predicate in the subordinate clause is expressed by the indefinite form of the verb (infinitive)

5) in the main part of the complex sentence there is a demonstrative word ( that one, such or its form: that, that, those, that, those, such, such etc.)

A7 (A6). Text. Semantic and compositional integrity of the text. Read text. Choose the option closest to the content of the text, reflecting its theme.

The grammatical basis of a sentence is the subject and the predicate. I define the grammatical basis as follows: I find the predicate ( main information sentences, the core of the message), I ask him a double question: WHO? WHAT? (the subject is the object of speech, that is, who or what is being reported). I remember that predicates can be compound (consist of two components). I determine the basis of the sentence and choose the correct answer.

One grammatical basis - the sentence is SIMPLE!

Two or more grammatical bases - the sentence is COMPLEX!

See how the parts of a complex sentence are connected:

WITHOUT UNION = UNION-FREE DIFFICULT SENTENCE;

COUNTING UNION (and, yes (= and), but, but, yes (= but), but, however, or, either, then ... then, not that ... not that) = COMPOUND OFFER (provided that the union is between two grammatical bases);

SUBJECTIVE UNION (because, since, in view of the fact that, in order to, in order to, when, only, only, until, barely, if, if, once, as soon, as, as if, as if, exactly what, so that, despite the fact that, although ... etc.) or UNION WORD (who, what, what, whose, which, how much, where, where, when, where, how) = COMPLEX SUBJECT OFFER.

Check what are semantic relations between parts of a complex sentence:

In compound and unionless proposals parts are equal in meaning, each part can be simple sentence, if you put a dot after it (in the BSP there is a union between the parts, in the BSP there is no union). In a complex sentence, the parts depend on each other: the subordinate part is subordinate to the main one, they cannot be divided by a dot into two simple sentences.

Synopsis (paper version of working with children)

Today, in order to be successful, a child, in addition to a certain amount of knowledge, skills, must master the ability to independently plan, analyze, control their activities, independently set new educational tasks and solve them.

And the teacher should arrange accordingly learning activities, to create conditions for the transformation of the child into a subject interested in self-change and capable of it. The organization of the active activity of students contributes to the development, increases the effectiveness of learning, allows you to solve a number of problems that have arisen in learning in Lately: a significant increase in the amount of knowledge, an increase in the theoretical level and requirements for the quality of their assimilation.

The most important components of the structure of educational activity are the actions of self-control and self-evaluation (not only for the result, but also for the method of action). Without these two leading learning activities the student will not be able to determine the deficit of his abilities (the border of knowledge and ignorance), and without this he will not be able to set himself learning task, and, therefore, to solve it.

In 2009/10 academic year I had to graduate the eleventh grade in the amount of 15 students, of which: 6 students passed the exam for a mark of “5”, and 7 students for a mark of “4”, the quality was 85%. Average score amounted to -66.7 points. And in the 2011/12 academic year, she graduated from the 9th grade in the amount of 22 students. Of these: 9 students passed the mark - "5", 9 students passed the mark - "4", and 4 students passed the mark - "3". The average score was 40.59 points; the quality was 81.7%.

The successful passing of the exams was ensured by additional general, group and individual sessions– consultations.

Special classes help students to form the means of control and evaluation - I call them thematic consultations. I bring to your attention one of these consultations on the topic "The basis of the proposal."

Its type is a lesson-reflection. Such consultations solve a number of educational tasks: they allow to generalize knowledge at different stages of studying the material, to control the level of knowledge of concepts and methods, to create conditions for the formation of self-assessment actions, planning one's own activities.

The overall result of such consultations is an increase in the level of knowledge of educational material and the development of the most important educational activities (self-control, self-assessment, reflection).

OBJECTIVES OF THE CONSULTATION:

For the teacher: organize learning activities at the stages of generalization and reflection.

For students: to generalize knowledge about the phrase, to make a self-assessment, to realize their problems and difficulties, to increase the level of knowledge of concepts and methods.

PROCEDURE OF THE CONSULTATION:

The students had homework- on separate sheet draw up a basic summary “What do I know about the grammatical basis?”

STAGE 1: Filling in the reflective table.

Based on homework, students are asked to complete a reflective table. Its content is the answer to the question: “What do we need to know about the grammatical basis and be able to be successful in finding it correctly in sentences?” (Form of work - frontal).

Expression of the predicate by a simple verbal predicate:

1) Sister is studying in the first year of the Pedagogical University.

(indicative, present tense)

2) My sister studied in Kazan for three years.

(indicative mood, past tense)

3) My sister will study in Kazan.

(indicative mood, future compound tense)

4) My brother is fast will learn All in all, he has great abilities.

(indicative mood, future simple tense)

5) I would study only for fives.

(conditional mood)

6) Guys! learn with great desire and diligence.

(imperative mood)

Expression of the predicate with a compound verbal predicate:

We let's start (start) walkingdog at eight o'clock sharp.

Guys keep thinkingabout the upcoming deal.

They might win double the opposing team.

My dad wanted to buy me a bike.

(compound verbal predicate is expressed:

auxiliary verb and indefinite verb; Auxiliary expresses (not) possibility, (not) desirability, beginning, continuation, end of action.

The main action of laying in the infinitive, i.e. in n.f.)

Expression of a predicate by a compound nominal predicate:

1) My grandfather once was a teacher foreign language.

2) It was about the hat and everyone understood it.

3) Boy seemed smart and decent.

4) My brother became a hero.

5) Mitrofanushka lived undergrowth and didn't care about anything.

6) Mom from work today came tired.

CHECK YOURSELF:

1) The forest is festive and elegant. The house is at a crossroads.

2) The father and the boy sit hungry without her. Everyone is sitting in their seats.

3) He came home from work irritated. He came home from work late.

WHAT MEMBER OF THE SENTENCE IS THE VERB SMOKING IN THESE OFFERS:

1)Smoking - harm health.

2) Bad habit - smoke.

4) The habit of smoking hurt him badly.

5) He went out to smoke.

(1-subject, 2-predicate, 3-addition, 4-definition, 5-adverbial purpose)

1. In which sentence is the grammatical basis incorrectly highlighted:

1) In the audience there were forty five Human.

2) Catch ruff or perch - this is bliss.

3) It finally came fifteenth of May.

4) Why did this happen?

2. In which sentence is the grammatical basis incorrectly highlighted:

1)Our teacher we considered a friend.

2) Enjoy power tool need to very careful.

3) Ten nights in a rowshe couldn't find her placeworrying about his son.

4) We are with him late for a meeting with comrades.

3. In which sentence is the grammatical basis incorrectly highlighted:

1) her eyes were crying.

2) All their thoughts were concentrated at this time on their own.

3)Especially beautiful bright yellow in late autumn chrysanthemums.

4) In the middle of the clearing there were beauties - birches , small still, in growth of the person.

4. In which sentence is the grammatical basis incorrectly highlighted:

1) Trees in gardens so canvas covered in darkness.

2) Be able to express well your thoughts are the most important success condition.

3) Mounds in the steppe look like ripe watermelons.

4) Labor for a person isfight with yourself.

5. In which sentence is the grammatical basis incorrectly highlighted:

1) Chief educator of any person - his life experience.

2) One boy two girls- only three.

3) Nature is like comes alive on canvasunder the hand of a landscape painter.

4) Three times three is nine

ANSWERS:

1-1; 2-4; 3-2; 4-3; 5-3

Write down the grammatical basis from the sentence:

1. Three tents stood under the trees around the circumference of the lawn. (A. Rybakov)

2. Pausing, Pinchuk decided to mend a hole in his tunic. (M. Alekseev)

3. Directors of enterprises came here to agree on connecting a new workshop, a new house. (D.Granin)

4. In winter and summer, autumn and spring, the Russian forest is good. (I.Sokolov-Mikitov)

5. The wind, whistling, carried either large cold drops or prickly ice. (E. Dubrovsky)

6. Here, at the exhibition of a small dim window, several cardboard boxes with paired, removed ribbons and bouquets, wedding candles have been gathering dust for years. (B.Pasternak)

7. A dark cloud of smoke clouded the sky. (Yu. Kolesnikov)

8. I was not taken into the army because of severe myopia (K. Paustovsky)

9. I see a late road and I sprinkle in the fields. (S. Kuznetsova)

10. Fog is an excellent cover from enemy aircraft. (L.Platov)

ANSWERS:

1) Three tents stood 2) Pinchuk decided to mend

3) Directors came 4) Good forest

5) The wind carried 6) Several boxes were gathering dust

7) The cloud clouded 8) They didn’t take

9) I see 10) Fog - cover

REQUEST FROM GIA:

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 18:

(18) And the earth is getting wider.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 32:

(32) And my mother, and father, and sister, and all the neighbors, and birds of passage, and settled birds - all mine.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 28:

(28) -Son, you turned out to be a hero.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence 30:

(30) - I did not hide, but freely walked everywhere, because I knew the languages, customs of these people, and they took me for their own, - the prince answered.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 22:

(22) And to protect nature means to protect the homeland.

(4) This milk was boiled in an earthenware pot, covered with a ruddy froth on top, and under that froth it was fragrant, unusually tasty, and tea from it became excellent.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 1:

(1) For some reason I wanted to take colored pencils and draw something beautiful.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 23:

(23) I did so, and the snow on the roof became white, and dirty on the horizon.

Write out the grammatical basis from sentence 2:

(2) Five sisters, golden-haired slaves, guard every step of their queen.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 4:

(4) Beauty listens all day long to the singing of slaves, admires how they curl wreaths of fragrant roses, walks on the marble slabs of her chamber and misses.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 4:

(4) The best pieces of him, as a rule, were snatched out from under their noses by others.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence 16:

(16) "I wonder what he saw there?" thought the wolf.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 21:

(21) He endured a lot and therefore could better appreciate his happiness.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 38:

(38) Now people say that he is the most beautiful among the beautiful swans, the lilac inclines fragrant branches into the water, and the sun caresses with its warm, gentle rays.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 26:

(26 ) It was probably stronger near the shore.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 42:

(42) At some point, he wanted to say that Dimka was lying - he didn’t save anyone, but simply waved his arms and shouted, but he felt ashamed at the mere thought of attracting attention to himself ...

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 7:

(7) I could not answer this question then ...

(18) How do you not notice if your mother is beautiful, if your child is beautiful or if your sister is beautiful.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 10:

(10) At the time of Lermontov, photography and cinema were not yet known.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 5:

(5) Once a poet, in order to describe Moscow and the Kremlin, climbed its highest tower - the bell tower of Ivan the Great, from where he looked at ancient city: houses, monuments, palaces, Moscow-river.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 13:

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 7:

(7) The human personality is formed in childhood; childhood impressions, observations, experiences largely determine what a person will become

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 6:

(6) Moscow “clad in granite” – the river is now bordered by shady boulevards.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence 18:

(18) And so that the inhabitants know new capital what work it cost their fathers to build new life in place of the old one, they must find out what old Moscow was like, how and what kind of people lived in it.

Write down the grammatical basis from sentence 1:

(1) Many years ago, the film "Chang" was shown in Leningrad.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 44:

(44) They disappeared from view, and only a black cloud - a flock of magpies - marked their path.

Write down the grammatical basis from the sentence27:

(27) But even when they come to nature, people do not know it, they do not know how to love it.

Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence 14:

(14) If Ivan Makarovich from childhood saw every day how, dispersing, the goon tramples a birch tree, on top of a pine tree, tilting it, puts on an empty bottle, tin cans, throws newspapers behind him, pours gasoline on the grass, then maybe he’s used to to this as to normal, which from the age it was supposed to be.

Grammatical basis: subject and predicate

Task Formulation:

Write out the grammatical basis of sentence 22. Because in our school they are creating a museum for the Great Victory Day.

Correct answer: create What you need to know:

The concept of the grammatical basis of a sentence

Difficulties in determining the subject

Difficulties in determining the predicate

Task 8 is related to task 11 of the OGE in Russian, in which it is required to indicate the number of grammatical bases in a complex sentence. Given the specifics of task 8, where it is required to write out the grammatical basis, we will not analyze the theoretical material in detail, but consider the main "pitfalls" that you can encounter when determining the grammatical foundations of sentences.

The grammatical basis of the sentence

GRAMMATICAL BASIS- this is the basis, core or main part of the sentence, which consists of its main members: subject and predicate: An old one grew under the window oak, which in the summer heat gave silence and coolness. Proposal core: the oak grew, which gave

Difficulties in determining the subject

To correctly highlight the subject, it must be remembered that

subject denotes actor(subject) and answers the question Who? What? Words ME, YOU, HER, US, YOU, HIM, THEM answer the question to whom? and subject are not:To me don't like this onecolor . (in this sentence, the subject iscolor . as he performs the action);

in the subordinate part of a complex sentence, the role of the subject is often played allied words WHICH, WHICH, WHICH, WHICH, WHAT:Book,which lay on the table, was open.(in the subordinate part, the object that performs the action is called the word which - this is the subject);You never know,What tomorrow awaits you;

a word with a quantitative meaning + a noun in the genitive case: Several people came to the lecture later. On the shelf wasfive books. About a thousand offers Received in the newspaper from readers:

subject can be expressed word in the nominative case + FROM + word in genitive case: Each of us wanted to be excellent.Many of the critics the manuscript was fairly evaluated;

subject can be expressed a word in the nominative case + C + a word in the instrumental case (if the predicate is in the form of a plural chila):Me and Tamara we go as a couple;

subject can be expressed a proper name consisting of several words:Black Sea Very beautiful.

To correctly highlight the predicate, it must be remembered that

The predicate denotes the action of the subject and answers the questions: what does the subject do? what is the subject? what it is?;

the predicate can be simple or compound;

Difficulties in determining the predicate

Simple verb predicate

​Can be expressed:

verb in the form of the indicative, imperative or conditional mood: I I draw . draw anything.Let's anythingdraw . Let him draw anything.would draw anything.She Nothingdidn't draw . Please note: particles GET IT, LET IT, WOULD NOT are part of the predicate, even if there are other words between them and the verb;

​​phraseological unit or descriptive phrase:Two students believed the raven all day(= idled).HeI took part in the census(= participated);

verb in the future tense: Each of us will read book. Shewon't go to the cinema.

Compound verb predicate

Can be expressed:

auxiliary verbwith the value of the beginning, end, continuation of the action + infinitive:Hiskept asking sing another song(= asked). He began to worry about the exam(= worried). me and my brother finished writing letter(= wrote);

​auxiliary verbwith the meaning of desire, possibility, desire for action + infinitive:Tatyana Larina dreamed of seeing with Evgeny.I would like to hand over exam.He seeks to enroll to university.Alexei could betterstudy;

​auxiliary verbwith the meaning of thought, feeling + infinitive:He afraid to be late to school.Me and mom we don't like to travel . Relatives expected to come to visit;

​short adjective RAD, MUST, CAPABLE, OBLIGED, READY, INTEND, AGREE, FORCED + infinitive:We were ready to come to the meeting.I obliged to inform about what happened.He intends to win party;

​words NECESSARY, NECESSARY, NECESSARY + infinitive:To menecessary betterget ready to the exam. To mehad to get away .​

​When is the infinitive not part of the predicate?

it is necessary to take into account the meaning of the predicate: They start preparing to exams. (In this sentence, only the word "begin" cannot be singled out as a predicate, since it does not name the main action that "they" perform.WhenAndrey will finish work,Igor onlywill start . In this sentence, the verbs "will finish" and "begin" take on the meaning of independent actions and are simple verbal predicates;

​ if the verb and the infinitive denote the actions of different persons, then we have a simple verbal predicate. The infinitive must have the meaning of the will (to ask, beg, order, persuade):Hisasked to write an application.Predicate hereasked , and the word "write" is an addition (askedabout what? write);

​if the infinitive depends on the verb of motion, then we have a simple verbal predicate and a goal circumstance:He came to learn about the health of the aunt.(camefor what purpose? to know);

​if the infinitive can be given question WHAT?, then we have an inconsistent definition, and not part of the predicate:ABOUTjota wanderattacked on him.(huntingwhich? wander).

Compound nominal predicate

Can be expressed:

the linking verb BE (IS, I WILL, WILL BE, WOULD, LET IT BE and other forms) and the nominal part (noun, adjective, numeral, pronoun, participle, adverb): brother soonwill be a student;

the linking verb BE, APPEAR, BECOME, BECOME, LOOK, BECOMING, RECOGNIZE, BE and the nominal part: Shecame herebyprofessional in your area. Childlooked absolutelyconfused . Sunseemed red .

a linking verb with the meaning of movement, position in space + nominal part:Autumncame rainy. Doglay calm.

How to distinguish a simple verbal predicate from a linking verb?

Compare offers:Anyaseemed upset (= was upset) andfar awayseemed small village(= appeared, saw). Obviously, in the first example we havecompound nominal predicate with a linking verb , and in the second example, the verb "seemed" gets a full-fledged lexical meaning and it can only be replaced by another full-fledged verb, therefore, issimple verb predicate . More examples:Mom became thoughtful (= became thoughtful, thoughtful) andAfter the item is brokenwill not be done by itself(= won't fix).

grammatical basis sentences form the main members of the sentence ( subject and predicate). That is, the grammatical basis of the sentence (predicative basis, core) is the main part of the sentence, which consists of its main members: the subject and the predicate. See also introductory words..

Subject.

Remember!

Subject can be expressed not only by a noun or pronoun in nominative case, but also:

Predicate.

There are three types of predicates in Russian. The following algorithm of actions will help you determine which type is represented in your proposal.

Distinguish!

If there are homogeneous predicates in the sentence, then each of them should be considered separately.

Also watch the video presentation.

Clue.

1) Most often, doubts are caused by the definition of a simple verbal predicate, expressed in more than one word:

I I will take part in the exhibition.

In this example I will take part- a complex form of the future tense, which is defined in syntax as a simple predicate. And the combination participate is a phraseological unit that can be replaced by the word I participate. Therefore, we have a simple verbal predicate.

Trap!

Often they make a mistake, calling the following construction simple verbal predicates:

Everything in Moscow is saturated with poetry, pierced with rhymes.

This error is due to two factors.

First, a short passive participle should be distinguished from the past tense form of the verb.

Remember!

The short participle has suffixes -T-, -N-, and the verb -L-. Means, impregnated, pierced are short passive participles.

Secondly, we have a predicate that is expressed in just one word, but what is it - simple or compound (see Morphological analysis of a word with examples)? Try adding some adverbial tense to the sentence, for example, at the beginning of the twentieth century, and see how these forms behave.

At the beginning of the 20th century, everything in Moscow was saturated with poetry, rhymes were pierced.

A bunch appears was and the predicate already clearly becomes compound. The Russian language is not characterized by constructions in the present tense with a bunch be. Agree, it sounds clearly foreign if we say: All in Moscow There is impregnated with verses, rhymes There is pierced.

Thus, if in a sentence you encounter predicates expressed by short passive participles, then you are dealing with compound nominal predicate.

Remember!

Words can't, can, must, must included in composite predicates.

To me need to get off at this stop.

Trap!

Be careful with words to be, to appear, to be, because by highlighting only them, you can skip one more component of the predicate.

She seemed funny to me.Wrong!

If you highlight only the words seemed, then the meaning of the sentence is completely changed ( seemed = dreamed, dreamed, imagined).

Right: She seemed funny to me

Wrong: The teacher was strict (was = existed, lived).

Right: The teacher was strict.

Trap!

In this task, quite complex sentences are offered for analysis and the answer options are very often similar to each other. What "traps" can you expect here?

1) Offers can be made according to different models:

• subject + predicate;
• only predicate or subject (single-member sentences);
• subject + homogeneous predicates;
• homogeneous subjects + predicate.

In the answer option, the subject, predicate, or one of the homogeneous subjects or predicates may be omitted.

Remember!

The grammatical basis includes ALL the main members of the sentence, the omission of one of them is a clear mistake.

2) In the answer option, the subject and predicate of different grammatical bases can be combined.

3) The subject can only be in I.P.! Answer options with nouns, pronouns not in I.P. deliberately incorrect (except when they are part of the predicate and without them the whole meaning of the sentence changes).

4) The answer option may contain participial or participle turnover, which are never included in the grammatical basis.

Distinguish!

Structures should be distinguished verb + noun in V.P. And noun + passive participle.

The coordinates were calculated. ? Coordinates calculated.

IN first case coordinates is a noun in the accusative case that depends on the verb (i.e. addition), and in second is a nominative form that agrees with the past participle (i.e. subject). If you change each of the designs, the differences will be visible. Let's put the predicates in each of the sentences in the singular form:

Calculate coordinates. coordinate calculated.

The subject and predicate always agree with each other, and the object will remain unchanged.

5) Sometimes words which, which V complex sentences are subject.

[And shiny droplets crawled down his cheeks] , (which are on the windows during the rain). (which = droplets).

Parsing the task.

1. Which of the combinations of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of a complex sentence?

(1) So what is the difference between human and animal perception? (2) For an animal, only concrete things exist; its perception is inseparable from the real environment in which it lives and acts. (3) So, for example, the "television version" of a dog means nothing to a cat. (4) Man, in the process of evolution, acquired unique ability create in your imagination ideal images of reality, but they no longer seem like a direct cast from a specific thing. (5) Thanks to the development of cognitive activity, in particular, the processes of abstraction and generalization, a person can isolate any individual features of the object being studied, being distracted from all other, insignificant details. (6) Thus, a person has the ability to form a generalized image of a real thing, which allows you to see and recognize common features and qualities of various phenomena of reality.

1) perception is (sentence 2)

2) acquired the ability (sentence 4)

3) they are not represented as a cast (sentence 4)

4) which allows you to see (sentence 6)

Option number 1 is not a grammatical basis, since here the predicate is not fully represented, which distorts the meaning of the whole sentence (perception is = in the meaning of “comes, arrives somewhere for some reason”). See point 3 in the Predicate section.

Option number 2 is also incorrect, since it lacks a subject. Who acquired the ability? In sentence 4, the subject is the word Human.

Option number 3 true, although at first glance it seems wrong. The authors of the task are deliberately trying to confuse us. Although the word cast does not stand in the form of I.P., but it is part of the predicate, since without it the logic of the narrative is lost. They do not introduce themselves = Images do not call their names?!

Option number 4 incorrect . The subject is highlighted correctly. Word which, as we have said, may be subject. In the subordinate part, it is replaced by the word image and performs the same functions, that is, it is the subject. But the predicate is not fully represented. In the offer it is allows you to see and recognize.

So way, the student who chooses option 3 will be right.

2. What words are the grammatical basis in the sixth (6) sentence of the text?

(1)… (2) They are united by one desire - to know. (3) And their age is different, and the professions are very different, and completely different level knowledge, but everyone wanted to know more than they already knew. (4) This expressed the need of millions and millions of people, eagerly absorbing all the secrets of the world, all the knowledge and skills accumulated by mankind. (5) Library visitors either studied somewhere or dreamed of studying. (6) They all needed books, but when they came to the library, they got lost in the ocean of books. (7) ... (According to K. Chukovsky).

1) books were needed, they were lost

2) they needed, they were lost

3) books were needed, coming here, they were lost

4) books were needed, they were lost in the ocean

The right one is Option 1, since in the remaining options, the second included secondary members of the sentence in the basis: in the second, the word is superfluous them (addition, stands in D.P.), in the third there is a participial turnover that is not included in the basis of the sentence, and in the fourth there is a circumstance in the ocean.

3. What combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences (or part of it)?

(1) ... (2) She will die of hunger if the gate is strong and no one opens it, but does not think to move away from the gate and pull it towards her. (3) Only a person understands that one must endure, work hard and do not what one wants, in order to get what one wants. (4) A person can restrain himself, not eat, not drink, not sleep, only because he knows what is good and should be done and what is bad and should not be done, but his ability to think teaches him this. (5) Some people increase it in themselves, others do not. (6)…

1) she will die (sentence 2)

2) what you want (sentence 3)

3) what is good and should do (sentence 4)

4) teaches ability (sentence 4)

This is an advanced task.

Option number 1 incorrect, since not all predicates are indicated by the authors. The proposal has a rather difficult structure for analysis. It is complex with a subordinate clause that is wedged between two homogeneous predicates. Therefore, you may not notice that the basis she will die must also include the predicate won't think of stepping back and pulling.

Option number 2 is also excluded. Verb I want to is impersonal and cannot have a subject.

Option number 3 similar to the previous one. This offer is also impersonal. Word must in dictionaries it is defined as a category of state, which is used in sentences without a subject.

True is Option 4.

The grammatical basis of the sentence. The number of grammatical bases in a sentence.
Grade 9 OGE. Part 2. Options for task 11 (according to the 2015 demo)

1. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Alice could freely enter the theater courtyard, which was guarded by a strict watchman, and other children could not get into this interesting world. Answer ( )

2. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
When I sat down in the teacher's room for notebooks, it turned out that six papers from the pack had disappeared. Answer ( )

3. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
They managed to bring out the cows, and the calf in the farthest cage was closed - you won’t get close. Answer ( )

4. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
I'll tell you what: because of a stranger, you lose a good price, if you do not put him out, then you will bitterly regret it! Answer ( )

5. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Sitting on the windowsills, the scouts watch the two of us eat, and their eyes are kind. Answer ( )

6. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
The crab was terribly large and flat, and, looking closely, you could see bumps and spines, some kind of seams, jagged combs on it. Answer ( )

7. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
On the deck of the ship, Vitya Panfilov played Tchaikovsky's melodies, Raya Ivanova danced, and Vera Borodulina read poetry. Answer ( )

8. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Calmly, routinely and publicly, in broad daylight, for the sake of a penny profit, he betrayed a man for whom he, without hesitation, would go through fire and into water. Answer ( )

9. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
And then high school students passed by, and everyone looked at him and asked whose fiancé he was. Answer ( )

10. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Then all five rushed to the sides, Lyovka got to his feet, and in his hand he held a bugger that fired special caps. Answer ( )

11. Specify the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Mother scolded Pashka for heaping all sorts of sticks at the well, but everything worked out. Answer ( )

12. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Everything aroused envy and disgust among classmates: a jacket with a zipper, girlish eyelashes, an annoying pretty face and linen napkins in which a homemade sandwich was wrapped. Answer ( )

13. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
You do not need - you leave, I need - I stay. Answer ( )

14. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in the sentence. Write your answer in numbers.
Lisapeta, of course, was a good girl, but when she appeared, I immediately wanted to shrink - so she fussed and turned around. Answer ( )

Source of material for the interactive test: OGE. open bank FIPI assignments http://old.fipi.ru/

Tests on the site "Russian language for schoolchildren". Saint Petersburg. Nedorezova M., Nedorezova E.