Karaganda State Technical University (KSTU) (previously Karaganda Mining Institute, Karaganda Polytechnic Institute (KarPI)) - a state higher educational institution in the city of Karaganda, one of the leading in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the preparation of highly qualified technical personnel. Training is conducted in a wide range of technical and humanitarian specialties. Founded July 9, 1953.
background
The need to create an institute was due to a shortage of qualified personnel to work in the rapidly developing mining (and especially coal) and metallurgical industries of Kazakhstan and the USSR as a whole. In this regard, in 1953, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a Decree on the further expansion and improvement of the training of engineers in mining specialties, an increase in the admission of students to the existing mining and mining faculties and the opening of new mining institutes in Karaganda, Perm and Tula. On the basis of this resolution and orders of the Ministry of Culture of the USSR No. 1223 of July 9, 1953 and No. 1274 of July 18, 1953, a "Karaganda Mining Institute".
Development
Initially, two specialties were opened at the institute:
- "Development of mineral deposits"
- "Mining Electromechanics"
The teaching staff consisted of 30 people, including 8 candidates of sciences:
In 1953/1954 academic year new departments were created for the training of mining engineers:
- “Development of mineral deposits and geology, geodesy and mine surveying” (acting head of the department I. A. Trufanov)
- "Higher Mathematics and theoretical mechanics» (acting head of the department Sh. U. Kahn)
- "Descriptive geometry, graphics and technology of metals"
- "Chemistry and Physics" (acting head of the department E. A. Guryanova)
- "Foreign Languages" (head of the department L. L. Timokhina)
- "Physical culture and sports"
- "Marxism-Leninism" (acting head of the department N. F. Bobrov)
- "Military department" (head, Colonel V. N. Izhik)
At this time, there was also a change in leadership - by order of the Ministry of Higher Education of the USSR No. 351-K dated March 3, 1955, a candidate was appointed rector of the Karaganda Mining Institute technical sciences A. S. Saginov, who previously worked as the director of KNIUI.
Also nominated:
- doctor of technical sciences , professor , specialist in the field of mine surveying ML Rudakov for the position of vice - rector . At the same time, he was appointed head of the department of mine surveying.
Passed the competition:
- A. G. Polyakov (Sverdlovsk mine construction
- K. I. Akulov (Lithuania) for the position of head of the department of Marxism-Leninism
New stage
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An excerpt characterizing the Karaganda State Technical University
"So that's what a sovereign is! thought Petya. – No, I can’t apply to him myself, it’s too bold! but at that moment the crowd staggered back (from the front the policemen were pushing those who had advanced too close to the procession; the sovereign was passing from the palace to the Assumption Cathedral), and Petya unexpectedly received such a blow to the ribs in the side and was so crushed that suddenly everything became dim in his eyes and he lost consciousness. When he came to, some kind of clergyman, with a tuft of graying hair behind him, in a shabby blue cassock, probably a sexton, held him under the arm with one hand, and guarded him from the oncoming crowd with the other.- Barchonka crushed! - said the deacon. - Well, so! .. easier ... crushed, crushed!
The sovereign went to the Assumption Cathedral. The crowd leveled off again, and the deacon led Petya, pale and not breathing, to the Tsar Cannon. Several people took pity on Petya, and suddenly the whole crowd turned to him, and there was already a stampede around him. Those who stood closer served him, unbuttoned his frock coat, seated cannons on a dais and reproached someone - those who crushed him.
- That way you can crush to death. What is this! Murder to do! Look, my heart, it has become white as a tablecloth, - said the voices.
Petya soon came to his senses, the color returned to his face, the pain disappeared, and for this temporary inconvenience he received a place on the cannon, with which he hoped to see the sovereign who was due to go back. Petya no longer thought about filing a petition. If only he could see him - and then he would consider himself happy!
During the service in the Assumption Cathedral - a joint prayer service on the occasion of the arrival of the sovereign and a prayer of thanksgiving for making peace with the Turks - the crowd spread; sellers of kvass, gingerbread, poppy seeds, which Petya was especially fond of, appeared shouting, and ordinary conversations were heard. One merchant's wife showed her torn shawl and reported how expensive it was bought; another said that nowadays all silk fabrics have become expensive. The sexton, Petya's savior, was talking to the official about who and who is serving with the bishop today. The sexton repeated the word soborne several times, which Petya did not understand. Two young tradesmen were joking with yard girls gnawing nuts. All these conversations, especially jokes with girls, which for Petya at his age had a special attraction, all these conversations now did not interest Petya; ou sat on his cannon dais, still agitated at the thought of the sovereign and of his love for him. The coincidence of the feeling of pain and fear, when he was squeezed, with the feeling of delight, further strengthened in him the consciousness of the importance of this moment.
Suddenly, cannon shots were heard from the embankment (these were fired in commemoration of peace with the Turks), and the crowd quickly rushed to the embankment - to watch how they were shooting. Petya also wanted to run there, but the deacon, who took the barchon under his protection, did not let him go. Shots were still going on when officers, generals, chamberlains ran out of the Assumption Cathedral, then others came out more slowly, their hats were again taken off their heads, and those who had run away to look at the guns ran back. Finally, four more men in uniforms and ribbons came out of the doors of the cathedral. "Hooray! Hooray! the crowd shouted again.
- Which? Which? Petya asked around him in a weeping voice, but no one answered him; everyone was too carried away, and Petya, choosing one of these four faces, whom he could not clearly see because of the tears that came out of his eyes with joy, focused all his delight on him, although it was not the sovereign, shouted “Hurrah! in a frantic voice and decided that tomorrow, no matter what it cost him, he would be a military man.
The crowd ran after the sovereign, escorted him to the palace and began to disperse. It was already late, and Petya hadn't eaten anything, and the sweat was pouring down from him; but he did not go home, and together with a smaller, but still rather large crowd, stood in front of the palace, during the emperor’s dinner, looking into the windows of the palace, expecting something else and envying the dignitaries who drove up to the porch - for the emperor’s dinner, and the lackeys of the chambers who served at the table and flashed through the windows.
At dinner, the sovereign Valuev said, looking out the window:
“The people still hope to see Your Majesty.
Dinner was already over, the emperor got up and, finishing his biscuit, went out onto the balcony. The people, with Petya in the middle, rushed to the balcony.
"Angel, father!" Hurray, father! .. - the people and Petya shouted, and again the women and some weaker men, including Petya, wept with happiness. A rather large piece of biscuit, which the sovereign held in his hand, broke off and fell on the railing of the balcony, from the railing to the ground. The coachman in the coat, who was standing nearest, rushed to this piece of biscuit and grabbed it. Some of the crowd rushed to the coachman. Noticing this, the sovereign ordered a plate of biscuits to be served to him and began to throw biscuits from the balcony. Petya's eyes were filled with blood, the danger of being crushed excited him even more, he threw himself on the biscuits. He did not know why, but it was necessary to take one biscuit from the hands of the king, and it was necessary not to succumb. He rushed and knocked down an old woman who was catching a biscuit. But the old woman did not consider herself defeated, although she lay on the ground (the old woman caught biscuits and did not hit with her hands). Petya knocked her hand away with his knee, grabbed the biscuit and, as if afraid of being late, again shouted "Hurrah!", in a hoarse voice.
The sovereign left, and after that most of the people began to disperse.
“So I said that we still have to wait - and it happened,” the people said joyfully from different sides.
Happy as Petya was, he was still sad to go home and know that all the enjoyment of that day was over. From the Kremlin, Petya did not go home, but to his comrade Obolensky, who was fifteen years old and who also entered the regiment. Returning home, he resolutely and firmly announced that if they did not let him in, he would run away. And the next day, although not yet completely surrendered, Count Ilya Andreich went to find out how to put Petya somewhere safer.
On the morning of the 15th, on the third day after that, an innumerable number of carriages stood at the Sloboda Palace.
The halls were full. In the first there were nobles in uniforms, in the second, merchants with medals, in beards and blue caftans. There was a buzz and movement in the hall of the Nobility Assembly. At one large table, under the portrait of the sovereign, the most important nobles were sitting on chairs with high backs; but most of the nobles walked about the hall.
All the nobles, the same ones that Pierre saw every day either in the club or in their houses, were all in uniforms, some in Catherine’s, some in Pavlov’s, some in new Alexander’s, some in a general noble one, and this general character of the uniform gave something strange and fantastic to these old and young, the most diverse and familiar faces. Especially striking were the old people, blind, toothless, bald, swollen with yellow fat or shriveled, thin. For the most part they sat in their places and were silent, and if they walked and talked, they would attach themselves to someone younger. Just as on the faces of the crowd that Petya saw on the square, on all these faces there was a striking feature of the opposite: a common expectation of something solemn and ordinary, yesterday - the Boston party, Petrushka the cook, the health of Zinaida Dmitrievna, etc.
Pierre, from early morning pulled together in an awkward, narrow noble uniform that had become him, was in the halls. He was in a state of agitation: the extraordinary assembly not only of the nobility, but also of the merchants - the estates, etats generaux - evoked in him a whole series of thoughts long abandoned, but deeply embedded in his soul, about the Contrat social [Social contract] and the French revolution. The words he noticed in the appeal, that the sovereign would arrive in the capital for a conference with his people, confirmed him in this look. And he, believing that in this sense something important was approaching, something that he had been waiting for a long time, he walked, looked closely, listened to the conversation, but nowhere did he find an expression of those thoughts that occupied him.
The sovereign's manifesto was read, which caused delight, and then everyone dispersed, talking. In addition to the usual interests, Pierre heard rumors about where the leaders should stand at the time the sovereign entered, when to give the sovereign a ball, whether to be divided into districts or the entire province ... etc.; but as soon as the matter concerned the war and what the nobility was gathered for, the rumors were indecisive and indefinite. They were more willing to listen than to speak.
One middle-aged man, courageous, handsome, in a retired naval uniform, was talking in one of the halls, and people crowded around him. Pierre went up to the circle formed near the talker and began to listen. Count Ilya Andreevich, in his Catherine’s voivodship caftan, walking with a pleasant smile among the crowd, familiar with everyone, also approached this group and began to listen with his kind smile, as he always listened, nodding his head approvingly in agreement with the speaker. The retired sailor spoke very boldly; this was evident from the expressions of the faces listening to him, and from the fact that Pierre, known for being the most submissive and quiet people, disapprovingly departed from him or contradicted him. Pierre pushed his way into the middle of the circle, listened, and became convinced that the speaker was really a liberal, but in a completely different sense than Pierre thought. The sailor spoke in that especially sonorous, melodious, noble baritone, with pleasant grazing and contraction of consonants, in that voice with which they shout: “Cheak, pipe!”, And the like. He spoke with a habit of revelry and power in his voice.
- Well, that the Smolensk people offered the militias to the gosuai. Is it a decree for us Smolensk? If the bourgeois nobility of the Moscow province finds it necessary, they can show their devotion to the Emperor by other means. Have we forgotten the militia in the seventh year! Caterers and robber thieves have just made a profit...
Count Ilya Andreich, smiling sweetly, nodded his head approvingly.
- And what, did our militias make a benefit to the state? No! only ruined our farms. Better still a set ... otherwise neither a soldier nor a peasant will return to you, and only one debauchery. The nobles do not spare their lives, we ourselves will go without exception, we will take another recruit, and all of us just call the goose (he pronounced the sovereign so), we will all die for him, - the orator added, animated.
Ilya Andreich swallowed his saliva with pleasure and pushed Pierre, but Pierre also wanted to speak. He moved forward, feeling animated, not knowing what else and not knowing what he would say. He had just opened his mouth to speak, when one senator, completely without teeth, with an intelligent and angry face, standing close to the speaker, interrupted Pierre. With a visible habit of debating and holding questions, he spoke quietly, but audibly:
“I believe, my dear sir,” said the senator, mumbling his toothless mouth, “that we are not called here to discuss what is more convenient for the state at the present moment - recruitment or militia. We are called to respond to the proclamation with which the Sovereign Emperor honored us. And to judge what is more convenient - a recruitment or a militia, we will leave to judge the highest authority ...
Pierre suddenly found an outlet for his animation. He became hardened against the senator, who introduced this correctness and narrowness of views into the upcoming classes of the nobility. Pierre stepped forward and stopped him. He himself did not know what he was going to say, but he began briskly, occasionally breaking through French words and bookish expression in Russian.
“Excuse me, Your Excellency,” he began (Pierre was well acquainted with this senator, but considered it necessary to address him officially here), “although I do not agree with the lord ... (Pierre faltered. He wanted to say mon tres honorable preopinant), [my esteemed opponent,] - with the lord ... que je n "ai pas L" honneur de connaitre; [whom I do not have the honor to know] but I believe that the estate of the nobility, in addition to expressing their sympathy and delight, is also called upon to discuss and discuss those measures by which we can help the fatherland. I believe, - he said, inspired, - that the sovereign himself would be dissatisfied if he found in us only the owners of the peasants whom we give him, and ... chair a canon [meat for cannons], which we make of ourselves, but would not have found co-co-counsel in us.
Many moved away from the circle, noticing the contemptuous smile of the senator and the fact that Pierre speaks freely; only Ilya Andreich was pleased with Pierre's speech, as he was pleased with the speech of the sailor, the senator, and in general always with the speech that he had last heard.
“I believe that before discussing these issues,” Pierre continued, “we should ask the sovereign, most respectfully ask His Majesty to communicate to us how many troops we have, what is the position of our troops and armies, and then ...
But Pierre did not have time to finish these words, when they suddenly attacked him from three sides. The Boston player Stepan Stepanovich Apraksin, who had long been known to him and was always well disposed towards him, attacked him most strongly. Stepan Stepanovich was in a uniform, and, whether from a uniform or from other reasons, Pierre saw a completely different person in front of him. Stepan Stepanovich, with suddenly manifested senile anger on his face, shouted at Pierre:
- Firstly, I will report to you that we have no right to ask the sovereign about this, and secondly, if Russian nobility, then the sovereign cannot answer us. The troops move in accordance with the movements of the enemy - the troops decrease and arrive ...
Another voice of a man of medium height, about forty years old, whom Pierre had seen in former times among the gypsies and knew for a bad card player and who, also changed in uniform, moved closer to Pierre, interrupted Apraksin.
“Yes, and this is not the time to argue,” said the voice of this nobleman, “but you need to act: there is a war in Russia. Our enemy is coming to destroy Russia, to scold the graves of our fathers, to take away our wives and children. The nobleman thumped his chest. - We will all get up, all of us will go, all for the king, father! he shouted, rolling his bloodshot eyes. Several approving voices were heard from the crowd. - We are Russians and will not spare our blood to defend the faith, the throne and the fatherland. And nonsense must be left, if we are sons of the fatherland. We will show Europe how Russia rises for Russia, the nobleman shouted.
Pierre wanted to object, but could not say a word. He felt that the sound of his words, no matter what thought they conveyed, was less audible than the sound of an animated nobleman's words.
Ilya Andreevich approved from behind the circle; some briskly turned their shoulders to the speaker at the end of a sentence and said:
- That's it, that's it! This is true!
Pierre wanted to say that he was not averse to donations either in money, or peasants, or himself, but that one would have to know the state of affairs in order to help him, but he could not speak. Many voices shouted and spoke together, so that Ilya Andreevich did not have time to nod to everyone; and the group grew larger, disintegrated, again converged and moved all, humming in conversation, into the large hall, to the large table. Pierre not only failed to speak, but he was rudely interrupted, pushed away, turned away from him, as from a common enemy. This did not happen because they were dissatisfied with the meaning of his speech - it was forgotten after a large number speeches that followed it - but to inspire the crowd, it was necessary to have a tangible object of love and a tangible object of hatred. Pierre became the last. Many speakers spoke after the animated nobleman, and all spoke in the same tone. Many spoke beautifully and originally.
The publisher of the Russian messenger Glinka, who was recognized (“writer, writer!” was heard in the crowd), said that hell should reflect hell, that he saw a child smiling at the flash of lightning and thunder, but that we will not be this child.
- Yes, yes, with thunder! - repeated approvingly in the back rows.
The crowd approached a large table, at which, in uniforms, in ribbons, gray-haired, bald, seventy-year-old nobles were sitting old men, whom Pierre had seen almost all of them, at home with jesters and in clubs outside of Boston. The crowd approached the table without ceasing to buzz. One after the other, and sometimes two together, pressed from behind to the high backs of chairs by the leaning crowd, spoke the orators. Those standing behind noticed what the speaker did not finish, and they hurried to say what they missed. Others, in this heat and tightness, fumbled in their heads to see if there was any thought, and hurried to speak it. The old nobles familiar to Pierre sat and looked back at one or the other, and the expression of most of them only said that they were very hot. Pierre, however, felt excited, and the general feeling of a desire to show that we didn’t care about anything, expressed more in sounds and facial expressions than in the sense of speeches, was also communicated to him. He did not renounce his thoughts, but he felt guilty about something and wanted to justify himself.
“I only said that it would be more convenient for us to make donations when we know what we need,” he said, trying to outshout other voices.
One nearby old man looked back at him, but was immediately distracted by a shout that began on the other side of the table.
Yes, Moscow will be surrendered! She will be a redeemer! one shouted.
He is the enemy of mankind! shouted another. “Let me speak… Gentlemen, you are crushing me…”
At that moment, Count Rostopchin, in a general's uniform, with a ribbon over his shoulder, with his protruding chin and quick eyes, entered with quick steps in front of the parting crowd of nobles.
- Sovereign Emperor will be here now, - said Rostopchin, - I have just come from there. I believe that in the position we are in, there is not much to judge. The sovereign deigned to gather us and the merchants, - said Count Rostopchin. “Millions will pour out from there (he pointed to the merchants’ hall), and our business is to set up a militia and not spare ourselves ... This is the least we can do!
Meetings began between some nobles who were sitting at the table. The entire meeting passed more than quietly. It even seemed sad when, after all the previous noise, old voices were heard one by one, saying one: “I agree”, another for a change: “I am of the same opinion”, etc.
The secretary was ordered to write a decree of the Moscow nobility that Muscovites, like the Smolensk people, donate ten people out of a thousand and full uniforms. The gentlemen in the meeting got up, as if relieved, rattled their chairs and went around the hall to stretch their legs, taking some by the arm and talking.
- Sovereign! Sovereign! - suddenly spread through the halls, and the whole crowd rushed to the exit.
On a wide course, between the wall of the nobles, the sovereign passed into the hall. All faces showed respectful and frightened curiosity. Pierre stood quite far away and could not quite hear the sovereign's speech. He understood only, from what he heard, that the sovereign spoke of the danger in which the state was, and of the hopes that he placed on the Muscovite nobility. The sovereign was answered by another voice, announcing the decision of the nobility that had just taken place.
- Lord! - said the trembling voice of the sovereign; the crowd rustled and again fell silent, and Pierre clearly heard the so pleasantly human and touched voice of the sovereign, who said: - I never doubted the zeal of the Russian nobility. But on this day, it exceeded my expectations. I thank you on behalf of the fatherland. Gentlemen, let's act - time is more precious than anything ...
The sovereign fell silent, the crowd began to crowd around him, and enthusiastic exclamations were heard from all sides.
“Yes, the most precious thing is ... the royal word,” the voice of Ilya Andreevich spoke from behind, sobbing, who did not hear anything, but understood everything in his own way.
From the hall of the nobility the sovereign passed into the hall of the merchant class. He stayed there for about ten minutes. Pierre, among others, saw the sovereign leaving the hall of the merchants with tears of tenderness in his eyes. As they later found out, the sovereign had just begun a speech to the merchants, as tears splashed from his eyes, and he finished it in a trembling voice. When Pierre saw the sovereign, he went out, accompanied by two merchants. One was familiar to Pierre, a fat farmer, the other was a head, with a thin, narrow-bearded, yellow face. Both of them were crying. The thin one was in tears, but the fat farmer sobbed like a child, and kept repeating:
- And take life and property, your majesty!
At that moment, Pierre felt nothing but a desire to show that everything was nothing to him and that he was ready to sacrifice everything. His speech with a constitutional direction seemed to him like a reproach; he was looking for an opportunity to make amends. Upon learning that Count Mamonov was donating the regiment, Bezukhov immediately announced to Count Rostopchin that he was giving away a thousand people and their maintenance.
Old man Rostov could not tell his wife what had happened without tears, and immediately agreed to Petya's request and went himself to record it.
The next day the sovereign left. All the assembled nobles took off their uniforms, again settled in their houses and clubs and, groaning, gave orders to the managers about the militia, and were surprised at what they had done.
Napoleon started the war with Russia because he could not help coming to Dresden, he could not help being misled by honors, he could not help but put on a Polish uniform, he could not help but succumb to the enterprising impression of a June morning, he could not refrain from a flash of anger in the presence of Kurakin and then Balashev.
Alexander refused all negotiations because he personally felt offended. Barclay de Tolly tried to manage the army in the best possible way in order to fulfill his duty and earn the glory of the great commander. Rostov rode to attack the French because he could not resist the desire to ride on a level field. And so precisely, due to their personal characteristics, habits, conditions and goals, all those innumerable persons who participated in this war acted. They were afraid, conceited, rejoiced, indignant, reasoned, believing that they knew what they were doing and what they were doing for themselves, and all were involuntary tools of history and carried out work hidden from them, but understandable to us. Such is the unchanging fate of all practical workers, and the more they are placed in the human hierarchy, it is not freer.
Now the figures of 1812 have long since left their places, their personal interests have vanished without a trace, and only the historical results of that time are before us.
But suppose that the people of Europe, under the leadership of Napoleon, had to go into the depths of Russia and die there, and all the self-contradictory, senseless, cruel activity of the people - participants in this war, becomes understandable to us.
Providence forced all these people, striving to achieve their personal goals, to contribute to the fulfillment of one huge result, about which not a single person (neither Napoleon, nor Alexander, nor even less any of the participants in the war) had the slightest expectation.
Now it is clear to us what was the cause of death in 1812 French army. No one will argue that the cause of the death of Napoleon's French troops was, on the one hand, their entry at a later time without preparation for a winter campaign deep into Russia, and on the other hand, the character that the war assumed from the burning of Russian cities and inciting hatred for the enemy in the Russian people. But then, not only did no one foresee the fact (which now seems obvious) that only in this way could the eight hundred thousandth, the best in the world and led by the best commander, die in a collision with twice as weak, inexperienced and led by inexperienced commanders - the Russian army; Not only did no one foresee this, but all efforts on the part of the Russians were constantly directed towards preventing that which alone could save Russia, and on the part of the French, despite the experience and so-called military genius of Napoleon, all efforts were directed towards this. to stretch out to Moscow at the end of the summer, that is, to do the very thing that was supposed to destroy them.
In historical writings about 1812, French authors are very fond of talking about how Napoleon felt the danger of stretching his line, how he was looking for battles, how his marshals advised him to stop in Smolensk, and give other similar arguments proving that then they already seemed to understand there was the danger of the campaign; and Russian authors are even more fond of talking about how, from the beginning of the campaign, there was a plan for the Scythian war to lure Napoleon into the depths of Russia, and they attribute this plan to some Pful, some to some Frenchman, some to Tolya, some to Emperor Alexander himself, pointing to notes, projects and letters that actually contain hints of this course of action. But all these allusions to the foresight of what happened, both on the part of the French and on the part of the Russians, are now put forward only because the event justified them. If the event had not taken place, then these hints would have been forgotten, just as thousands and millions of opposite hints and assumptions are now forgotten, which were in use then, but turned out to be unjust and therefore forgotten. There are always so many assumptions about the outcome of each occurring event that, no matter how it ends, there will always be people who will say: “I said then that it would be so,” completely forgetting that among the countless assumptions there were made and completely opposite.
Assumptions about Napoleon's consciousness of the danger of stretching the line on the part of the Russians - about luring the enemy into the depths of Russia - obviously belong to this category, and historians can only at a great stretch attribute such considerations to Napoleon and his marshals and such plans to Russian military leaders. All facts completely contradict such assumptions. Not only during the entire war, the Russians had no desire to lure the French into the depths of Russia, but everything was done to stop them from their first entry into Russia, and not only Napoleon was not afraid of stretching his line, but he was glad how triumph, every step forward and very lazily, not like in his previous campaigns, he looked for battles.
At the very beginning of the campaign, our armies are slashed, and our only aim is to link them up, although there is no advantage in linking up armies in order to retreat and draw the enemy inland. The emperor is with the army to inspire it in defending every step of the Russian land, and not to retreat. A huge Drissa camp is being set up according to the plan of Pfuel and it is not supposed to retreat further. The sovereign reproaches the commander-in-chief for every step of retreat. Not only the burning of Moscow, but the admission of the enemy to Smolensk cannot even be imagined by the emperor’s imagination, and when the armies unite, the sovereign is indignant that Smolensk was taken and burned and not given before the walls of his general battle.
So the sovereign thinks, but Russian military leaders and all Russian people are even more indignant at the thought that ours are retreating into the interior of the country.
Napoleon, having cut the armies, moves inland and misses several cases of battle. In the month of August he is in Smolensk and thinks only about how he can go further, although, as we now see, this forward movement is obviously fatal for him.
The facts clearly show that neither Napoleon foresaw the danger in moving towards Moscow, nor did Alexander and the Russian military leaders then think about luring Napoleon, but thought about the opposite. The lure of Napoleon into the interior of the country did not happen according to anyone's plan (no one believed in the possibility of this), but came from a complex game of intrigues, goals, desires of people - participants in the war, who did not guess what should be, and what was the only salvation Russia. Everything happens by accident. The armies are cut at the start of the campaign. We try to unite them with the obvious goal of giving battle and holding the enemy’s advance, but also this desire for unity, avoiding battles with the strongest enemy and involuntarily retreating under acute angle, we bring the French to Smolensk. But it’s not enough to say that we are withdrawing at an acute angle because the French are moving between both armies - this angle is becoming even sharper, and we are moving even further because Barclay de Tolly, an unpopular German, is hated by Bagration (who has to become under his command ), and Bagration, commanding the 2nd Army, tries not to join Barclay for as long as possible, so as not to become under his command. Bagration does not join for a long time (although this is the main goal of all commanding persons) because it seems to him that on this march he puts his army in danger and that it is most advantageous for him to retreat to the left and south, harassing the enemy from the flank and rear and completing his army in Ukraine. And it seems that he invented it because he does not want to obey the hated and junior rank German Barclay.
Engineering personnel for the production of coal, mineral resources in post-war years, in connection with the opening of new mines and factories, was categorically lacking. In 1953, a decision was made to further train engineers of various profiles and to open new mining institutes in Karaganda, Perm and Tula. Based on this decision, an order was created by the Minister of Education and Culture in 1953 on the opening of the Karaganda Mining Institute.
The appearance of the Mining Institute on the territory of the city of Karaganda has become a great holiday not only for the city, but for the entire state. The educational authorities in the city of Karaganda allocated a temporary large room for the training of specialists, and the first applicants were distributed in the hostels of our city. The first mining engineer of Kazakhstan, who graduated from the Moscow Institute of Miners in 1934, Yunus Nurmukhamedov, became the director of the institute.
The institute had only two specialties "Development of mineral deposits" and "Mining electromechanics". Those wishing to study higher education There were many, but the situation did not allow to accept everyone. Only 200 first applicants were recruited. The teaching staff in those years consisted of only 30 people, staffing was very slow, as there were simply not enough specialists ready to teach. In subsequent years, teachers from other countries replenished the staff.
A few years later, a material problem arose - new offices were needed, equipment for practical work and more qualified Teaching Staff. Further, due to the lack of utility sets, in 1958 an order was issued to transform the institute into a Polytechnic Institute. Additional funds began to be allocated, a course was taken for accelerated training of engineers. In 1960, the first graduation of polytechnics - mining engineers took place, namely, 157 people received diplomas of highly qualified specialists.
In the early 70s, an innovation appeared - work combined with education. Such a system had advantages for the state - more work force, but created some difficulties in educational process generally. Therefore, the system was quickly eliminated and returned to the traditional system - the passage of practices in summer time. At the same time, the institute already had more than 20 departments, 25 special educational laboratories and many subject rooms were rebuilt.
In 2016, Karaganda State Technical University opened its own college "College innovative technologies KSTU "providing services for obtaining secondary special education in 11 popular specialties. Since this year, KSTU has become an institution with continuous education.
The university has seven academic buildings, the total area of which is 72 square kilometers. There are several hostels and large canteens. The largest hostel of KSTU is "Armandastar Ordasy". This dormitory is the largest in the country - designed for 1,000 people, built as part of the presidential program "Housing for Students". Residential sections are designed for 2-3 people. Each room has its own furniture - beds, tables, wireless internet. Each floor is equipped with classrooms for homework, kitchens and dining rooms for 60 people. There is also a first-aid post, a laundry room, a conference room and even a cinema. The hostel building is very comfortable, as it has everything you need.
There is the most a big library in Central Kazakhstan - it has more than one and a half million copies of books. The library was organized in 1938, more than 100 thousand readers pass through it every year, in addition to books there are more than two million different documents, the library is replenished annually by 100-170 thousand copies. The university has a research institute, consisting of five laboratories equipped with the latest technical capabilities - the latest devices and software. For 2017, more than 7000 electronic textbooks which are used in university and college.
Studying at our university implies the possibility of academic mobility. The main goal and task of academic mobility is to train highly qualified personnel from among the most talented youth, practice foreign languages, exchange of experience and expansion educational services. The university also implements double-diploma education with higher educational institutions America, Europe and CIS. To date, there are more than 170 partner universities, some of them are in the TOP-30, and more than 100 students study at these universities under the Bolashak programs. In 2013, in the European ranking of universities, ours took 3453 place, which is the best among all universities in Kazakhstan.
Karaganda state Technical University this is the first and only educational institution, which united 86 backbone enterprises. A dual training system is being carried out, in order to increase competitiveness among specialists, 6 centers for training and retraining employees in demanded professions - mining, telecommunications, engineering, construction and welding were also created.
The university also has multifunctional, equipped with modern equipment electronic rooms and reading rooms, the center of languages "Trinity" and an exhibition of inventions of our students and teachers "Innovations of KSTU".
In 1953 appeared military department, the first release of reserve officers amounted to 138 people. Today we have a whole military institute, training in which largely replaces military service, because after graduating from the institute, students can receive the rank of junior lieutenant and start serving in government agencies.
Karaganda State Technical University is the university of the first President of Kazakhstan.
Accepts applications for participation in the competition for the award educational grants from 23 to 31 July. Enrollment in students will take place from 10 to 28 August.
The draft Model Rules provide for repeated and additional comprehensive testing.
Acceptance of documents for participation in the repeated comprehensive testing is carried out by universities from August 1 to 8, and testing takes place from August 19 to 24.
Applicants who have not scored the established threshold score based on the results of repeated comprehensive testing, have the opportunity to conditionally enroll in a university on a paid basis for a period until the end of the first academic period for full-time learning.
From June 20 to July 1, applications will be accepted for creative specialties. Creative exams will be held from 2 to 7 July.
Applicants entering the pedagogical specialties, will take a special exam in the form psychological testing. Applications for participation are accepted from June 20 to July 4. The exam will be held from 5 to 14 July.
Acceptance of documents for higher education in accelerated (3.5 years) and for a second higher education in reduced (2.5 years) forms of education is carried out from June 20 to August 25.
UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering (ASF), phone 56-78-44
В042000 "Architecture" (2 creative exams)
В042100 "Design" (2 creative exams)
B073000 "11 arbitrarily building materials, products and structures" (physics)
B072900 "Construction)) (physics)
В074500 "Transport construction" (physics)
Faculty of Mining (GF), phone 56-75-88
В070600 "Geology and exploration of mineral deposits" (physics)
B070700 "Mining" (physics)
В070800 "Oil and gas business" (physics)
13071100 "Geodesy and cartography" (geography)
B073Y00 "Life safety and protection environment» (physics)
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (MF), phone 56-54-13
В070900 "Metallurgy" (physics)
B071000 "Materials Science and Technology of New Materials" (Physics)
B071200 Mechanical Engineering (Physics)
B073200 "Standardization and certification (by industry)" (physics)
B072400 "Technological machines and equipment (by industry)" (physics)
B012000 Vocational training
Transport and Road Faculty (TDF), phone 56-88-16
B071300 "Transport, transport equipment and technologies" (physics)
B090100 "Organization of transportation, traffic and operation of transport" (physics)
B090900 "Logistics (by industry)" (geography)
Faculty of Innovative Technologies (FIT), phone 56-54-44
B060200 "Informatics" (physics)
B070300 " Information Systems» (physics)
B070400 "Computer Engineering and Software" (Physics)
B070500 "Mathematics and computer modelling» (physics)
5В073700 "Enrichment of mole minerals" (chemistry)
5В071600 "Biotechnology" (biology)
5V100200 "Systems information security» (physics)
5В072100 "Chemical technology organic matter» (chemistry)
Faculty of Engineering Economics and Management (FIEM), phone 56-52-40
5В051000 "State and local government" (geography)
5В051100 "Marketing" (geography)
5В050700 "Management" (geography)
5В050800 "Accounting and audit" (1geography)
5В050600 "Economics" (geography)
5В090800 "Assessment" (geography)
5VO10400 "Basic military training" (2 creative exams)
Faculty of Energy, Automation and Telecommunications (FEAiT), phone 56-54-90
5В070200 "Automation and control" (physics)
5В071700 "Heat power engineering" (physics)
5В071800 "Power industry" (physics)
5В071900 "Radio engineering, electronics and telecommunications" (physics)
5В071600 "Instrument making" (physics)
The military department of KSTU is the only department in central region Kazakhstan, where training is being conducted under the program of reserve officers for the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 6 military specialties.
Faculty of distance learning, phone 56-42-33
POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION, phone 56-16-13.
Accepts documents for the Master's and Doctoral PhD studies from July 10 to 30.
Entrance exams from 1 to 20 August. Enrollment is made until August 28.
Address: 100027, Karaganda, B. Mira, 56, Selection committee, 56-44-22
Schedule: Monday - Friday from 8.30 to 17.00, Saturday from 8.30 to 15.00
Bus travel: 1.43, 53; fixed-route taxis: 05, 07.13, 23, 28, 29 stop "Polytech". *
