The reform of the education system continues. When and how it will end is unknown, but changes in it continue. The topic of this article will be the transition to new rules for admission to institutions that provide secondary technical education, that is, to colleges (as the former technical schools are now called).
Unlike universities, where only those who have a complete secondary education (passed the Unified State Examination) are accepted, you can enroll in a college both at the end of the 9th grade and after graduating from high school.
In the first case, admission is carried out on the basis of a certificate for the 9th grade, in the second - the basis will be USE results. Since 2013, the vast majority of colleges do not need to take entrance tests or exams, and now they are accepted there on a high school diploma.
Tests for applicants are retained in a relatively small group of institutions where training is provided in professions that require specific abilities, a special temperament or certain physical conditions.
We list the main groups of such specialties:
- Training in any profession related to fine arts. (Sculpture, drawing, design (including landscape), decoration, modeling, animation, etc.)
- Training in professions related to music (vocal, playing any musical instruments, choreography, etc.).
- Training in professions that require certain physical data and / or specific character traits (law enforcement, fire safety, protection and rescue in emergencies, general medicine, dentistry, obstetrics, some areas of education, etc.).
But, again, in order to enter college for training in the vast majority of professions now (since 2013) no entrance tests (etc.) are required. Admission is carried out solely on the basis of the indicators (average score) of the school certificate
Passing score
The passing score is easy to determine. It is enough to have a list of all enrolled applicants and the average scores of their certificates. lowest GPA and will be "passing".
It depends on several factors, such as the principles and procedure for calculating the average score (for different colleges they may differ, more on that below), the ratio of the number of applicants who want to study at this college and vacancies, from the average level of applicants.
It is clear that the passing score is calculated only for a particular college, in a particular year. Moreover, this is done already at the end of the admission session, that is, after filling all the vacant educational places with former applicants who have now become first-year students.
The values of passing scores for previous years are usually posted in the public domain, on the websites of educational institutions.
The exact value of the passing score, even in one college, for the same specialty, can vary from year to year depending on a number of objective (demographic situation, for example, and subjective, such as changes in the number of admission places) factors.
True, these changes are rarely very significant, therefore, having found out the meaning passing score of the previous year and the grade in their certificate, a young man or girl can predict admission (or non-admission) to an institution of interest to him (her) with a fairly high degree of probability.
It should also be noted that the management of colleges has been given the right to independently determine which subjects of the school curriculum are important for teaching in their profile, and which are not of serious importance, and, accordingly, take (or not take into account) the grades of applicants' certificates in any subjects.
So, in most cases, when considering certificates, grades in such disciplines as, for example, physical education are not taken into account. With the same average score and a shortage of places, preference is usually given to applicants with higher performance in socio-political disciplines (history, social science).
Accordingly, the average score can be determined in different ways. You need to use the one that is practiced in this particular educational institution.
This is usually either the arithmetic average (adding all the components and then dividing by their number) of all certificate points, or the arithmetic average calculated for that group of subjects (disciplines) for which grades are taken into account when enrolling in this particular college.
Benefits and Benefits
There are special categories of applicants who have the right to benefits (advantages) when enrolling in colleges. Partially, such benefits are established by law and apply to all educational establishments in RF. For example, benefits for applicants who are orphans or disabled.
Part of the benefits can be established either by the leadership of the industry (for which this college trains specialists), for example, winners and prize-winners of Olympiads in major disciplines, or by the leadership of the college itself (an advantage for those who attended preparatory courses).
In controversial cases, when one study place two (or more) applicants with the same grade point average apply, preference is usually given to:
- Higher (on average) marks in 7 main general education disciplines.
- Higher scores in history and social studies.
- Confirmed victories (prizes) at olympiads and/or specialized competitions.
- Availability of rights to preferential enrollment (disability, absence of parents, etc.)
In addition, college management has been given the authority to maintain their own criteria for determining the most suitable applicant with the same average score for two (or more) applicants. So, in many colleges, preference is given to applicants who have previously attended preparatory courses.
Conclusion
Choosing a college to continue your education and estimating the probability of your enrollment in it, we recommend, first of all, to calculate the average score of your certificate and compare it with the values of the passing score of this institution for two or three previous (last) years.
It will also be useful to familiarize yourself in detail with the rules for determining the best applicants (with the same average score of the certificate) in the chosen college.
Failed to get into college right after high school? Or do you want to quickly start an adult life? Go to college. This is a great opportunity to get a profession in a short time and prepare for entering a university. How to enter college after the 11th grade and what to look for, read our article.
Who to apply?
Unlike higher educational institutions, colleges prepare specialists with a narrow focus. Basically, these are workers, middle-level employees and service workers. Here you will not only learn theory, but also gain practical skills.
Destinations popular among applicants:
- computer programming and Information Security;
- car maintenance and repair;
- food industry;
- service and tourism;
- technology and construction technique;
- banking;
- pedagogy and psychology;
- medical business;
- Architecture and design;
- beauty industry;
- economy;
- jurisprudence.
Directions popular among employers:
- Auto Mechanic;
- System Administrator;
- cook;
- confectioner;
- builder;
- hairdresser;
- nurse;
- dentist;
- beautician;
- teacher primary school;
- Graphic Designer;
- hospitality specialist.
The Ministry of Labor has developed a list of the most popular specialties based on secondary vocational education(SPO)
In 2017, guys most often applied to auto mechanics
How to choose a college
If you have decided on the direction, look for the right college. Here are the main criteria to pay attention to:
- Availability of a valid license and accreditation in the chosen direction. Without a license, the college is not allowed to conduct educational activities. If there is no accreditation, you will not receive a state diploma.
- Status of the educational institution: state or non-state. Budget places are allocated only public colleges, in commercial accept on a fee basis.
- Contest. Here you need to take into account your average score on the certificate. If it is low, it will be difficult to enter top colleges on a budget. In this case, choose an institution with small competition in place.
- Employment. Choose a college that helps you find a job after graduation. Find out which organizations the institution cooperates with.
- Dormitory. If you are from out of town, find out where they are ready to provide places for everyone.
- Reputation. Choose a proven educational institution that has been operating for a long time. Read reviews on the Internet, chat with students on the forum or in thematic communities of social networks.
- Admission to the University. Look for a college that cooperates with universities. Or choose a college at the university. Upon successful completion, it will be much easier for you to pass internal exams and enroll in this university on a budget. Top universities have their own colleges, such as Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, PRUE them. G. V. Plekhanov, MIIT, MIREA, MGUPI, GUU, RANEPA.
You can find a convenient college search throughout the Russian Federation in the section
Getting into college is much easier than going to university.
College conditions
The term of study in college is 2-4 years, depending on the specialty. If you go on a budget, you can get a scholarship. To do this, you need to successfully pass the session. Payments will be less than at the university, from 700 to 1000 rubles, depending on the type of scholarship.
If you are a recruit you can count on reprieve from the army. As long as you get into an accredited college. But after its completion, you still have to serve. There will be no further delay at the university.
Features of admission to college
Acceptance of documents to colleges begins on June 20, ends on August 15. If you need to take an entrance test, documents are accepted until August 10(and this is convenient, given that the last orders for admission to the university for the budget ends on August 8, 2018). Subject to availability, admission can be extended until October-November. Such terms make it possible to use the college as a fallback if you did not go to the university.
Going to college is much easier than going to university. We don't need exam results here. the competition is held on the basis of the average score of the certificate. The higher the score, the greater the chance of admission. Benefits and special rights are not provided. To whom to give an advantage with equal points, each educational institution decides independently. More often see who has higher grades in core subjects college.
In some specialties, additional entrance examinations are provided. In the medical and pedagogical direction, you need to pass psychological testing. In the specialties that are related to architecture and fine arts, it is required to take a drawing. Creative exams are expected upon admission to music, theater and circus specialties.
For admission you need to provide:
- statement indicating the chosen direction;
- passport;
- school certificate;
- 4 photos 3 x 4 cm;
- certificate f.086u (if required);
- military ID, if you are liable for military service.
If you did not pass the competition for the budget, you can enter the paid department. The cost of education is lower than in universities. IN public institutions from 15,000 to 100,000 rubles per year.
As you can see, going to college after 11th grade has its perks. And this is not at all ashamed, as some believe. The main thing is not to stop there, develop further.
Reform Russian education is difficult, the new minister of the Ministry of Education will have to clean up Augean stables formations polluted by supporters of the Bologna, and popularly called the "swamp" system schooling and training of specialists. The Finns at one time realized that the education system that existed in the USSR was really the best in the world and stifled it, adapting it to their educational standards. Now the best in the world is the Finnish education system.
However, let us return to the Russian reform and pay attention to the fact that in 2013, in order to encourage applicants to enter colleges, that is, in order to motivate, first of all, graduates of the 9th grade to receive special education mid-level were abolished entrance exams.
Instead, competitions for certificates and passing scores after grade 9 were introduced. At the same time, each, let's call them by analogy with universities, SSUZ for each specialty determines independently. So the question of what is the passing grade for college after 9 years of schooling sounds ridiculous, as is the case with the question of the average temperature of hospital patients.
Passing grade to technical school
College and technical school - these educational institutions are twin brothers for receiving SSO after 9 years at school. And paraphrasing Mayakovsky, which of them for quality education more valuable, we can argue that when “college” is said in a foreign manner, then technical school is meant, when “technical school” is said, then college is meant.
The same as in college, the controversial definition of a passing score to a technical school, firstly, it is necessary to clarify what the passing score is grade 9, that is, with incomplete or for a graduate with a complete secondary education.
Secondly, in what specialty are you interested in the passing score and, thirdly, you need to indicate a specific technical school.
Because for graduates of the 9th grade, the passing score is set according to the average grade of the certificate, somewhere in the range from 3.5 to the maximum grade of 5, for graduates with complete secondary education from 130 to the maximum 200 points of the USE result.
As for passing indicators in the specialty, here, too, there is approximately the same range of knowledge assessments. And if we take individual technical schools, then they can independently set the passing parameters to the lower side of the lower values.
Passing score for medical college
Without going into banal arguments about humanity and the need for medical professions, which are always in demand by society, it should be noted that secondary medical education can be obtained after 9 classes.
The passing score in a medical college also depends on specialties such as nursing and midwifery, as well as on the average of the certificate, which the educational institution determines on its own, depending on the enrollment and number of applicants per place.
As for other areas that are considered related in medical colleges, the principle of determining the average passing score is the same here as for the main specialties.
More recently, medical schools everywhere complied with the requirement that for admission it was necessary to pass exams in biology, as well as in the Russian language.
Now everything has changed and for admission it is necessary to pass a written psychological test on the correspondence of the psychological and physical abilities of the applicant to the requirements for a specialist in medicine.
College Passing Scores 2017
If we take, for example, any medical college, then the passing score of 2017 is unlikely to differ from previous years. Moreover, it is likely that the average passing mark of the certificate and the result of the Unified State Examination will be below the threshold of previous years due to a significant reduction in the number of applicants due to the so-called “demographic hole” that happened at the beginning of the “zero”. It's just that in those days there were not as many children born as there were before.
Therefore, such situations are not uncommon, especially in provincial colleges, where passing grades may not be strictly fixed, for example, in cases where 30 applications for 30 places are submitted to the college, then in this case all 30 applicants enter. Then the passing grade will be considered the average mark of the certificate with the lowest indicators, or the lowest USE indicator. The main thing here is that the grades are, as they say, adequate to the profile of education, and also correspond to the status, or rather, the indicator that the college gives itself an assessment of.
The student graduated from high school and at which school he studied. For example, if a student of a lyceum or gymnasium does not finish well, cannot withstand a heavy load and cannot cope with the program, he will be asked to choose another educational institution and will not be enrolled. In this case, you can transfer to a regular school, finish it and enter a university. Ultimately, it is not at all necessary to study at a school with in-depth study of subjects in order to pass the exam well.
Write down what you can improve around you. Keep records right from the moment you get to work. Think and watch. How to make the reception of a person better and faster, how to bring him up to date, how to establish interaction between employees of different departments. Even if you work as a janitor, think about everything that is around. How to take care of the company's machines, how to store shovels and brooms. Think about how to make a career growth for a janitor. Write whatever comes to mind.
When summer comes, school graduates face many questions, because they have to choose an educational institution, decide on future profession. Since the beginning admission campaign many are beginning to wonder how to find out the GPA.
Why this indicator is needed and how it is calculated is a topical issue for all applicants.
What is the indicator for?
The average score of the certificate is calculated by those applicants who plan to enter a secondary specialized educational institution. Now in Russia there is a rule according to which people are enrolled in colleges without entrance examinations (but there are some exceptions). The selection committee looks only at the average score of the document on education, they do not take into account the results of the Unified State Examination.
Universities have completely different rules. Many may not even think about how to calculate the GPA. The fact is that institutes, academies and universities do not look at this indicator. Applicants are accepted only taking into account the results of the exam in certain subjects or taking into account the results of entrance examinations conducted for certain categories of persons.
On the absence of entrance examinations in secondary schools
Entrance examinations are not provided for in many specialties. For example, you will not need to take anything if you choose "Economics", "Law and Organization social security"," tourism "," hotel service". A small test is provided for those specialties that require certain professional qualities. Tests run on nursing"," medical business. On creative specialties related to design, applicants perform a drawing.
For educational programs that provide for tests, creative tasks, special admission rules apply. First, employees of a particular technical school or college look at the result of the entrance test. It can either be "fail" or "pass". In the first case, the applicant is denied admission, not even paying attention to what average mark of the certificate he has. With the "offset" the applicant is allowed to participate in the competition of certificates.
An example of calculating the average score of a certificate
Let's say we have a certificate of education. How to calculate GPA? Take the insert that accompanies this document. Next, we consider how many disciplines we have studied during our school years. We got 20 items. Next, we take a calculator and add up all the grades that are indicated in the appendix to the certificate, or we consider the total amount in our mind. The final value is 87.
Now we need to calculate the average score of the certificate. As you can see, we have 2 values. Divide the score by the number of items. On the calculator screen, we are shown the number 4.35. This is our grade point average. The maximum possible value is 5. Such an average score has round excellent students.
Competition between applicants: equality of average scores
Often, admissions officers are faced with a situation where budget place there is only one, and several people with an equal average mark of the certificate apply for it. How do I know who will be enrolled? The choice of an applicant for the last budgetary place is carried out taking into account grades in certain subjects.
For example, let's take the Moscow College of the Russian Foreign Ministry. If the average scores are equal in this educational institution, they look at the grades for profile disciplines- In Russian, English language and history. In other educational institutions, it is recommended to clarify the conditions for admission, because specific specialized subjects are defined for each specialty.
If the score is high
Round honors students do not even need to think about how to calculate the GPA. They open the way to different technical schools and colleges. If the average score is 5, then documents can be submitted to any educational institution. Enrollment is guaranteed in specialties without additional entrance examinations.
On educational programs with additional tests creative tasks may or may not do. However, the likelihood of this happening is very low. Excellence students are always preparing for admission responsibly. “Failure” is possible only if the applicant is too worried. An unsatisfactory result can also be with the wrong choice of profession, a rash step. But it is possible purely theoretically. In practice, a different picture is observed.
If the average score is low
It is impossible to enter prestigious and highly sought-after colleges with a low GPA on a budget certificate, because after the entrance campaign, the best applicants are selected. With poor grades, it is recommended to apply to such educational institutions that are not in high demand.
There is another option - to go to college not after the 9th, but after the 11th grade. After the 9th grade, many graduates go to apply to colleges. The competition is very high. After the 11th grade, there are fewer students who want to become students of technical schools and colleges. The main part of the graduates aims to get higher education.
A few years ago, graduates did not think about how to calculate the GPA, did not worry about the grades in the document. Admission to colleges was based on the results of passing exams in general education subjects. For example, in medical colleges when entering the “nursing business”, applicants wrote a dictation in the Russian language. In biology, the exam was carried out by tickets.
Now you don’t need to prepare for exams, but it’s worth taking care of grades in order to get a higher GPA for college admission. Therefore, in the 9th and 11th grade, be more responsible for your studies. If you have problems in any subjects, think about the services of a tutor. He will help you understand school material, sort out difficult topics. Schools often conduct additional classes, electives. You can also visit them.
And one more piece of advice. If your grades are low in 9th grade, then consider continuing your studies at school. In 10th and 11th grades, you can get better grades if you pay attention to your studies and show diligence. If a significant part of the subjects does not lend itself to you in any way, concentrate on preparing for the exam in those disciplines in which you are the strongest. Also choose a specialty related to these subjects. Having passed the exam well, you will get a chance to enter the university. In any academy, they will not even look at your average score, but will take into account the results of the Unified State Examination.
How to calculate the GPA is a fairly simple question. Use the above method. You can also define the indicator differently. Multiply the number of triples by "3", the number of fours by "4", the number of fives by "5", then add all the values and divide by the number of subjects studied. As a result, you will get the same average score.
