REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUBJECT ROOM
1. The presence of an office passport, issued with an indication of the functional purpose of the equipment, devices available in it, technical means, visual aids, didactic materials, etc.
2. The presence of a work plan for the study room for the academic year and the future.
3. Compliance with the rules of safety, labor protection and sanitary and hygienic standards in the classroom.
4. Compliance with aesthetic requirements for the design of the study room: the presence of permanent and replaceable educational and information stands, etc. (according to the work plan of the study room).
5. Staffing of the classroom with educational equipment, educational and methodological complex of teaching aids necessary for the implementation educational program schools.
6. Compliance of the educational and methodological complex and the complex of teaching aids with the profile of the office, the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard and educational programs.
7. The presence of a complex of didactic materials, typical tasks, tests, independent and control works and other materials for diagnosing the quality of education and educational process(according to the profile of the office).
8. Provision of textbooks, didactic materials, handouts in accordance with the educational program.
9. Open and visual presentation to students of the minimum required content of education and. requirements for the level of compulsory training (education standard).
10. Open and visual presentation to students of samples of meters fulfilling the requirements of the mandatory standard.
11. Providing students with a set of standard tasks, tests, tests, etc. to diagnose the fulfillment of the requirements of the basic and elevated levels educational standard.
12. Availability of classroom poster material: recommendations for students on designing them learning activities, on the implementation of the UUD development program, on preparation for various forms of educational and cognitive activities (workshop, seminar, laboratory work, research, work with sources of information, conference, testing, test, interview, exam, etc.).
13. Availability of the work schedule of the study room for the mandatory program, extracurricular activities, program additional education, individual lessons with students, consultations, preparation for olympiads, etc.
To implement these requirements, it is necessary to be guided by a certain regulatory framework, it is necessary to have the relevant documentation in the office.
REQUIRED ROOM DOCUMENTATION
1. Law "On Education in the Russian Federation".
2. GEF on the subject.
3. Passport of the study room.
4. Certificate of acceptance of the study room.
5. Certificate of permission to work in the office.
6. Inventory list for existing equipment.
7. Instructions on safety and labor protection when working in the classroom and outside it (on an excursion or an educational and experimental site).
8. Magazine or card index of visual aids, handouts.
9. Journal of student briefing.
10. Rules of conduct for students in the classroom.
11. Schedule of the study room.
12. The work plan of the cabinet for the academic year.
13. long term plan office development (plan of retrofitting).
All documentation of the technology cabinet is maintained by the head of the cabinet, the teacher regularly and in accordance with the established methodological requirements and deadlines.
It should be organized, stored in numbered folders with appropriate names.
lesson development, teaching materials, media can be stored in in electronic format(structured or in the form of databases, etc.).
Folders (boxes, boxes) also accumulate other material related to the teaching of this subject.
Here are the approximate names of folders for storing materials in the technology room:
1. Technology cabinet (documentation)
2. Regulatory documents
3. Labor protection
4. Modern educational technologies
5. Teacher programs and planning
6. Working with gifted children
7. Indicators and measures of the quality of education
8. Master class
9. Creative project
10. Materials science
11. Machine learning
12. Construction
13. Simulation
14. Hand seams
15. Machine seams
16. Nodal processing
17. Embroidery
18. Application
19. Cooking
20. Residential building interior
21. Russian folk costume
22. National costumes of the peoples of Russia
23. The history of the creation of things
24. Extracurricular work on technology
And others at the discretion of the teacher
Folder "technology cabinet"
Cabinet Passport
(example, developed in OU)
1. Title page:
Cabinet ___________
School address ___________________________________________
Surname, name, patronymic of the head of the cabinet: ______________________________________
Appointment ________________________________________________________________________
2. Characteristics of the office space:
a) plan of the office;
b) power supply of premises;
c) ventilation of premises;
d) gas supply to the office;
e) water supply, sewerage;
e) lighting.
3. Room equipment in points according to the main indicators of the certification sheet
Diagnostic card of the study room (technology).
Full name of the educational institution in accordance with the statutory documents _____________
Type of school _____________________________________________________________________________
Head office: __________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Availability
1. Cabinet passport _____________________________
2. Rules of conduct for students in the technology room ___________________________________
3. Safety instructions for students ____________________________________
4. Schedule of the office (lessons according to the schedule, schedule of extracurricular activities) _______________________________________________
5. Work plan of the office for the academic year ______________________________________________
6. Long-term work plan of the cabinet ______________________________________________
7. Administrative control over the activities of the cabinet, control over
fulfillment of the requirements for the Cabinet by the Ministry of Defense ___________________________________
Cabinet decoration
1. State symbols ______________________________
2. Materials of the educational standard (normative documents, work programs, calendar and thematic planning, etc.) ________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Standard meters _________________________________________________________
5. Works of students (abstracts, creative work students, exhibitions, etc.) _______________________
6. The effectiveness of the office and its design:
quality___________________________________________________________________
turnover _________________________________________________________________
7. Aesthetics of design _________________________________________________
Ensuring the activities of the office
1. Sanitary and hygienic condition _____________________________________________
2. Preservation of school furniture _____________________________________________
3. Availability of modern educational and methodological kits, didactic materials _________________________________________________________________________
4. Availability of teaching aids for teachers, subject newspapers and magazines _____________________________
5. Availability of handouts, its systematization and storage _______________________________________
6. Availability of additional literature on the subject _____________________________
7. Provision of the TCO cabinet _________________________________________________
The act of readiness of the cabinet for academic year.
The act-permission to conduct classes in the technology room.
Plan of work of the cabinet for the year.
The plan is drawn up by the subject teacher responsible for the classroom in accordance with its profile and functional purpose.
1st part: analysis of the work of the office in the last academic year.
2nd part: tasks for the new academic year, which reflect thematic planning, updating didactic material, compiling reference notes, diagnostic maps, diagrams, purchasing videos, tables of educational and methodological material according to the profile of the cabinet, respectively, the standard of education and the educational program of the school; preservation of the material and technical base of the office.
3rd part: methodical work.
4th part: work with students.
Perspective work plan of the cabinet (plan for retrofitting).
Inventory list for technical training aids.
Job description of the head of the technology office.
Folder "labor protection"
It must contain the following documents:
1. Labor protection instructions for technology rooms.
2. Labor protection instructions for students in the technology room, developed on the basis of instructions from the OSH rules.
3. Instructions on the conduct of training and instruction in labor protection.
4. Providing first aid.
5. List of funds and medicines for the first-aid kit of the technology room.
6. Approximate fire extinguishing plan in the technology room.
7. Information about special properties and substance storage groups from the Model List for Educational Institutions.
8. A journal for instructing students during extracurricular and out-of-school activities.
9. Information about the nearest medical institutions (children's polyclinic, children's hospital, adult polyclinic and adult hospital, children's and adult trauma centers: name, address, telephone).
In the classroom, a corner on labor protection should be drawn up, where the rules of conduct in the technology room, safety instructions, a memo on first aid for victims of accidents, an approximate fire extinguishing plan, and drawings depicting safe working methods in the technology room are posted.
Folder "regulatory documents"
Includes the main guiding documents of the Ministry of Education (laws, regulations, instructions, instructive-methodical letters, etc.):
1. Law on Education of the Russian Federation.
2. Law on education in Moscow.
2. Federal State Educational Standard.
3. Work programs for institutions providing general secondary education. Technology, grades 5–8. Basic and advanced levels.
Folder "modern educational technologies"
Folder "work programs and teacher planning"
It contains the following material:
1. Work programs according to which the subject is taught in this educational institution.
2. Work plans (may be in separate folders for sections or topics).
4. Work programs of electives, electives, circles, elective courses (name, class, subject and dates of classes are required).
Folder "work with gifted children"
Contains tasks of the Olympiads different levels, reports on their implementation, materials for preparing for the Olympiads, etc.
Folder "indicators and meters of education quality"
In fact, this is a classifier of materials for testing the knowledge, skills and abilities of students, which can be arranged in the form of tables. For example:
Similarly, tests practical work, laboratory experiments, cards for independent work and so on. You should indicate where certain works are located (in which thematic folder or separately, on which shelf, in which cabinet).
In the office there must be a card file of available literature. It can be formatted as follows.
Card file of educational and methodical and reference literature
1. Textbooks and teaching aids.
2. Reference books, collections of problems.
3. Methodological aids.
4. Additional literature on the subject.
5. Magazines and newspapers.
Literature should be stored in the office according to this card index in a certain order so that it can be easily found and conveniently used.
The following sections are suggested:
1. Textbooks.
2. Technology teaching methodology.
3. Collections of tests.
4. Entertaining cooking.
Didactic material
Visual aids contribute to the successful assimilation of students educational material, significantly expand the information field of the topics studied, facilitate understanding and provide an opportunity to achieve better results in the process of work. Visual aids can be permanent.
1. Natural (natural) objects: collections of cotton, linen, wool, etc.
2. Samples of hand and machine seams.
3. Nodal processing of the product.
4. A sample (standard) of products in full size (apron, skirt, nightgown, dressing gown, shorts, trousers, blouse, etc.).
5. Tables.
6. Media - visual aids.
7. Handouts (worksheets, flow charts for laboratory work, instruction cards for practical work, etc.).
They also need to be classified:
– technological maps:
Library:
Folders "Master class" and "Extracurricular and extracurricular work by technology"
They can accumulate material for lessons and extracurricular work, as well as extracurricular activities, both developed by the teacher himself, and taken from the literature.
It is very convenient to have thematic folders with lesson developments, materials for working in the lesson, technological maps for laboratory work and so on. In the same folders, you can gradually compile a list of additional literature on this topic, articles from periodicals, methodological journals and manuals, collect the development of competitive lessons from colleagues.
All folders should have a table of contents with a list of materials available there for ease of search and use.
In the technology room, it is necessary to equip "Corner creative project" , where the following materials can be placed:
1. Regulations on the student project on the subject "Technology".
2. Sample program section "Technologies of creative and experimental activity".
3. Topics of projects in the subject "Technology" ("bank of projects" - a list of possible project tasks for students of specific years of study).
4. Samples of project implementation (designing a portfolio, an explanatory note, the product itself, made by students).
5. Educational-methodical and reference literature.
RULES OF USE OF THE EDUCATIONAL ROOM
- The classroom should be open 15 minutes before the start of classes and closed by the teacher leading the last lesson in the classroom.
- Conducting extracurricular activities in the office is organized according to a plan approved by the school principal. All extra-curricular activities, circle classes, electives are allowed in the afternoon until 18.30.
- Students are in the classroom only in changeable shoes.
- Students must be in the classroom only in the presence of the teacher.
- The office should be ventilated every change.
- The head of the office supervises the cleaning of the office at the end of classes in it.
Combined training workshops are created in the general education school:
By metal processing and timber for boys in grades 5-9;
For the processing of fabrics and for work with food products for girls.
Training workshops are equipped with machine tools and other equipment, tools, fixtures, educational and visual aids, technical teaching aids in accordance with the current standard lists of educational and visual aids and educational equipment, as well as didactic materials, technical and technological documentation.
Equipment that is not provided for in the Model Lists, including home-made equipment, is installed in workshops with the permission of the technical labor inspectorate and is drawn up by the relevant acts.
In the training workshops, workplaces of students for individual and collective use and workplace teachers. The design and organization of workplaces should ensure the possibility of performing work in full accordance with curricula, as well as take into account the differences in the anthropometric data of students, the requirements of ergonomics, the scientific organization of labor and technical aesthetics. The layout of the workshops and the placement of workplaces, equipment and furniture in them should provide the ability to control the actions of each student.
Student Workplace for individual use - a workbench or a special table with a folding side or retractable seat. The design of the workbench (table) should ensure its readjustment in accordance with the growth of students or allow the use of footrests. The workplace is equipped with constantly used tools and devices, which are placed in stacks of various designs.
The number of jobs in the workshops is determined by the occupancy of the classes.
Teacher's workplace in the workshop should be located on a raised podium.
It is equipped with:
a table
· chalkboard with a set of cool tools;
a device for emergency de-energization of students' workplaces.
The workplace of the teacher in the workshops for the processing of wood and metal is additionally equipped with a workbench to demonstrate the methods of performing work.
Each training workshop should be equipped with washbasins with brushes and soap in the amount of 20% of the number of students, as well as electric hand dryers or towels (washbasins are allowed in the recreation area adjacent to the workshop).
Containers for waste, shavings, garbage, cleaning materials are placed in specially designated places. The set of workshop equipment includes a stretcher and a universal first aid kit; next to the first aid kit, the address and telephone number of the nearest medical institution, as well as fire fighting equipment, including a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.
The premises of the workshops are decorated with stands, tables and posters for permanent use, including those on labor safety, materials science, vocational guidance and others. The workshops organize permanent exhibitions of products made by students, indicating who and when made the exhibits.
In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated April 10, 1981 No. 387, schoolchildren who have passed medical checkup and without any contraindications. Information about students who are not allowed to work in educational workshops, the teacher receives from the medical staff assigned to the school. All work in the workshops, students perform in overalls (robe, beret, apron, scarf). The use of overalls must be strictly individual.
Students are allowed to perform each new type of work only after a briefing on labor safety.
The conclusion on the suitability of the workshops for conducting classes is given annually by the school admission commission for the academic year and
drawn up by act.
Teachers of labor training are required once every five years to undergo a retraining course on labor protection and certification, on knowledge of the rules for the technical operation of electrical installations with voltage up to 1000 V, used in training workshops, with the assignment of a qualification group of at least 3rd.
Workshops for textile processing and cooking Fabric processing and cooking workshops can be separate or combined. In the latter case, a special zone (20-25% of the area) is allocated for work with food products.
Workplaces for individual use These workshops are universal work tables with built-in sewing machines, equipped with manual and electric drives, with tablets for instructions and stacks with tools.
It is allowed to equip workplaces for individual use with single tables with a light-colored surface made of water-repellent material with sewing machines installed on them.
Workplaces for collective use are overlockers, ironing boards, a fitting room, electric (gas) stoves, cutting and dining tables, as well as additional equipment. In the absence of universal working tables, a table or a removable shield for cutting fabric is installed in the fabric processing workshop.
Places for wet-heat treatment should be located in the immediate vicinity of the teacher's workplace.
Hot and cold water is supplied to the sinks in the workshops. cold water.
The teacher's workplace in the fabric processing workshop is additionally equipped with a mannequin with a set of drawings for the basics of garments.
Equipment of the block "Processing of fabrics".
Samples of fabrics of different textures and colors:
cotton;
wool;
¨ mixed fabrics.
Tools, devices, fixtures:
¨ scissors - 10-15 pieces;
¨ zigzag scissors - 2 pcs.;
¨ long rulers (75-100 cm) - 5-10 pieces;
¨ flexible centimeter-5-10 pieces;
¨ pattern - 5-10 pieces;
¨ irons - 3 pcs.;
¨ ironing boards - 2 pcs.:
¨ pins for cleaving fabric -1 box;
¨ scale paper - 1 roll.
The "Home Economy" block should have:
¨ safety and labor protection instructions;
¨ 2 electric stoves;
fridge;
¨ Waste tank with pedal and lid;
¨ enameled bucket;
¨ enameled basin - 3 pcs.;
¨ dish dryer-2 pcs.;
¨ 3-4 teapots;
¨ sieve-2 pcs.;
¨ rolling pin - 6 pcs.;
¨ cloth tablecloth with napkins - 2 pcs.;
¨ brush for washing the sink - 2 pcs.;
¨ a set of pots;
¨ a set of frying pans;
¨ 3 tea sets;
To make labor classes as safe and interesting as possible, state general educational federal standards prescribe the use of certain equipment. All classroom equipment must comply with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for technology rooms for boys.
According to the Federal State Educational Standard, the main elements of equipping the technology room for boys are specialized furniture and machines. Such equipment allows you to perform practical work directly during the lessons.
Proper equipment of the technology room for boys in compliance with all the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard is a guarantee of success educational process.
Requirements for equipping a technology room for boys
According to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, the equipment of the technology room for boys consists of:
material equipment;
· multimedia equipment;
stands;
methodological support.
The material equipment of the technology room for boys according to the Federal State Educational Standard contains the following elements.
1. Joiner's workbenches.
2. Screw-cutting machines.
3. Metalworking machines.
4. Vice locksmith.
5. Woodworking machines.
6. Screw-cutting lathes.
7. Drilling machines.
8. Woodworking machines.
9. Band and assembly saw.
10. Milling cutter.
11. A set of cutters.
12. Frazier.
13. End saw.
14. Grinding machines.
15. Inverter.
16. Lathes for metal.
17. Electric jigsaws.
18. Slotting machines.
19. Compressors.
20. Desktop drilling machine.
21. Grinder.
22. Engraver.
23. Nails.
24. Emery wheel.
25. Drill (battery).
26. Drill.
27. Muffle furnace.
28. Vacuum cleaner (for cleaning chips).
29. Hacksaws (set).
30. Sets of planers, screwdrivers, keys, chisels.
31. Pliers.
32. Round nose pliers.
33. Nippers.
The technology room for boys also includes multimedia equipment, including a laptop, projector, printer and speakers.
The stand design of the equipment of the technology room for boys includes thematic stands that clearly show a particular process, a blackboard and a stand with safety rules. Subject stands allow students to demonstrate visual aids that are located in special cells and a collection of tools that may be required during training (for example, tool kits). All necessary tools are securely fixed on the stand with special clamps.
On special shelves you can display best work students. In order to accommodate as many works as possible, it is recommended to use a cord system.
TO methodological support educational process include:
· training and metodology complex by technology;
library (reference books, educational journals, etc.);
technological tables;
Visual exhibits
· electronic media (discs, presentations, etc.).
According to the requirements for equipping a technology room for boys, all mechanisms and machines must have protection that will protect the student and teacher from electric shock.
All equipment should be easy and simple to operate, so that even a student can handle it. High-quality hand tools will help students independently perform the simplest operations in the processing of materials (wood, polymers, metal, etc.).
Visual aids, additionally installed in the office, will allow you to quickly learn the theoretical part. Such visualization will allow students to quickly master a complex topic.
Educational and Material Base - "Technology"
2.8. Cabinet and workshops educational field
"Technology"
For the educational area "Technology" it is necessary to allocate the following premises:
Office of artistic work (grades 1-IV);
Metalworking workshop (workshop for processing construction materials);
Workshop for wood processing (workshop for the processing of structural materials);
Fabric processing workshop;
Food processing workshop;
Office of technical graphics.
If there is space, it is allowed to create an office "Electroradiotechnology". It is allowed to organize combined workshops "a workshop for processing fabrics and food products", as well as a "workshop for processing structural materials", in which electrical and radio engineering work is carried out with the allocation of various working areas in these workshops in areas.
2.8.1. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for classrooms and workshops of the educational field "Technology"
2.8.1.1. Natural and artificial lighting of the office should be provided in accordance with SNiP-23-05-95. "Natural and artificial lighting".
2.8.1.2. Natural lighting when working in workshops and offices should ensure the performance of work on the III category (precision work), and when teaching the technology of sewing work - on the II category (high-precision work).
In training and production workshops, combined (top and side) lighting can also be used.
2.8.1.3. The orientation of the windows of the classrooms should be to the south, east and southeast sides of the horizon. The windows of the technical graphics room can be oriented to all sides of the horizon, including the north.
2.8.1.4. The room should have lateral left-hand lighting. With double-sided lighting at a depth of more than 6 m in the cabinet, a right-sided lighting device is required, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.
2.8.1.5. For artificial lighting, luminescent lamps of the following types should be used: LS002x40, LP028x40, LP002-2X40, LP034-4X36, TsSP-5-2x40. Luminaires should be installed in rows along workshops parallel to windows. It is necessary to provide for separate (in rows) switching on of lamps. The blackboard should be illuminated by two mirror lamps of the LPO-30-40-122 (125) type (“oblique light”) installed parallel to it. Lamps should be placed above the top edge of the board by 0.3 m and 0.6 m towards the classroom in front of the board.
2.8.1.6. In accordance with the rules of SP 2.4.2.782-99 and SNiP 23-05-95, the lowest illumination in metal and wood processing workshops (structural materials processing workshops) is set at 300 lux fluorescent lamps; with incandescent lamps - 150 lux; in the office of technical graphics - 400 lux; V
workshops on the technology of sewing - 400 lux, on a blackboard - 500 lux. Artificial lighting can be general, zone, individual, local and combined. Luminaires must have frosted protective screens.
2.8.1.7. The area of the glazed surface of windows should be at least 1/4 of the area of the floor of the room.
2.8.1.8. Workplaces in the workshops are arranged in such a way that the light fell on the left as far as possible, the workbenches were located perpendicular to the windows.
2.8.1.9. Emergency lighting fixtures are connected to an electrical network independent of the working lighting network.
2.8.1.10. Workshop premises must be provided with heating and supply and exhaust ventilation in such a way that the temperature in the premises is maintained within 18 - 21 C, and the relative humidity is 60 - 40% at an air speed of not more than 0.3 m / s.
2.8.1.11. Washbasins with hot water supply and electric dryers should be installed in workshops and offices. It is allowed to place washbasins in recreation adjacent to the workshop.
2.8.1.12. Workshops and classrooms must be supplied with high-quality drinking water with a temperature not higher than + 20 and not lower than + 8 C. The water source must be located at a distance of no more than 75 m from workplaces.
2.8.1.13. In a food processing workshop, hot and cold water must be connected to sinks.
2.8.1.14. All workshops and offices must be equipped with a first aid kit.
2.8.1.15. Windows should be equipped with opening vents or transoms, regardless of the presence of ventilation facilities. The area of vents or transoms must be at least 1/50 of the floor area to ensure natural ventilation (three-fold air exchange).
2.8.1.16. Air exchange in workshops with natural, mechanical and mixed ventilation should not be less than 20 cubic meters per hour per person.
2.8.1.17. The floors of the premises are made smooth and non-slip.
2.8.1.18. The floor material should be easy to clean and not generate additional dust.
2.8.1.19. The floor material must be warm, resistant to mechanical shocks, not absorb oils and aggressive liquids.
2.8.1.20. Walls and ceilings in workshops should be covered with light-colored oil and emulsion (silicate) paints that are not washed out when wiped with wet materials.
2.8.1.21. To increase illumination due to reflected light, walls, ceilings, floors are painted in light colors. The coefficient of light reflection of the walls should be in the range of 0.5-0.6; ceiling 0.7-0.8; sex 0.3-0.5.
2.8.1.22. To reduce the impact of industrial noise in workshops, sound-absorbing materials (wood-fiber boards, building felt, plywood, dry plaster, resonant absorbers) should be used.
2.8.1.23. The power supply of the cabinet must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 28139-89 and PUE.
2.8.1.24. Electrical wiring must be done in a hidden way.
2.8.1.25. Plug sockets used for voltages of different magnitudes must be different from each other.
2.8.1.26. To ensure safe work in workshops, the frames of switchboards, cabinets, steel pipes in which electrical wires are placed must be grounded. Cabinets and workshops must be equipped with a residual current device.
2.8.1.27. The arrangement of the electrical network of classrooms and workshops must comply with the "Safety Rules for Conducting Classes in Classrooms of General Education Schools".
2.8.1.28. 220V and 42V AC voltage must be supplied to the students' desktops (in the art room, fabric workshops, woodworking workshops or combined workshops).
2.8.1.29. Electricity should be supplied to the workplaces of students from the switchboard. Turning on and off the entire electrical network of the office (workshop) should be carried out by one common switch or using a residual current device.
2.8.1.30. Elements of the heating system must be covered with wooden gratings.
2.8.1.31. Workplaces of students in the classroom of artistic labor, intended for work on burning, must be equipped with an exhaust device.
2.8.1.32. Fabric, wood, metal and combined workshops should be soundproofed by finishing the walls and ceiling with sound-absorbing tiles.
2.8.1.33. In fabric processing workshops, sewing machines must be grounded.
2.8.1.34. Ventilation must be installed in food processing workshops. The ventilation grill must be at least 2.5 m from the floor.
2.8.1.35. The organization of the safe operation of electrical installations should be carried out in accordance with GOST 12.1.030-80 "Electrical safety. Protective grounding. Grounding" and "Rules for the technical operation of electrical installations" (PTE).
2.8.1.36. In food processing workshops, protective earthing of electric stoves must be provided. The use of gas stoves is not allowed.
2.8.1.37. Walls in food processing workshops near stoves, sinks and work tables in the laboratory kitchen should be covered with facing tiles to a height of 1.5 m from the floor.
2.8.1.38. Dolina soldering is carried out using acid-free fluxes.
2. 8.2. Requirements for the premises of classrooms and workshops of the educational field "Technology"
2.8.2.1. The number of workshops, their variety and area in each school are accepted depending on the number and content of classes (classes-sets) taking into account the "Nomenclature of building types, composition and area of premises of general education schools".
2.8.2.2. The area of working premises should correspond to the ratio - 4 square meters. m per student in the art room, 4.5 sq.m per student in metal and wood processing workshops, 5.4 sq.m for a combined workshop and 4.5 sq.m for fabric processing workshops and 4.5 sq.m for a cooking room in accordance with departmental building codes VSN 50-86 " Comprehensive schools and boarding schools. Design standards". The area of the classrooms and workshops of the educational area "Technology" should allow placing furniture and technological equipment in it in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
2.8.2.3. The volume of the working room for each worker is at least 15 cubic meters. The height of the premises is at least 3.2 m. If more than 15 people are engaged in cabins, the door width should be 0.9 m.
2.8.2.4. Workshops for metal and wood processing should be located on the ground floor. It is not allowed to place workshops in the basement and basement.
2.8.2.5. From the workshops for processing metal, wood and structural materials, an additional, insulated exit should be provided.
2.8.2.6. Special premises (tool room, pantry for storing raw materials and finished products) provided for in the workshops should be used to store tools, fixtures, blanks, materials, student work in progress, teaching aids, and procurement work. These rooms must be adjacent to the workshop rooms. The instrument room should have two exits, one in the corridor, the other in the workshop.
2.8.2.7. The tool room should occupy from 16 to 32 sq.m, and the pantry for storing raw materials and finished products - from 12 to 16 sq.m, depending on the capacity of the classes-sets.
2.8.2.8. In specially designated metal and wood processing workshops, containers for waste, shavings, garbage, cleaning materials should be placed.
2.8.2.9. The location and geometry of the storage room should provide the possibility of cutting long-length (up to 6 m) lumber on a circular saw.
2.8.2.10. Workshops for food processing technology are not allowed to be located under the toilet or use basements and walk-through rooms.
2.8.2.11. In the workshop on food processing technology, two zones should be allocated: a "kitchen-laboratory" and an area for theoretical training.
2.8.2.12. In the food processing technology workshop, places for primary processing of products, places for thermal processing of products and jobs for the brigade should be allocated.
2.8.2.13. There should be a wall of mirrors in the fabric processing workshop for trying on.
2.8.2.14. For the storage of materials and unfinished work of students in the fabric processing workshop, there must be a laboratory room with an area of at least 18 sq.m.
2.8.2.15. For an office of technical graphics, it is recommended to allocate a room on the second floor and above.
2.8.2.16. The office of technical graphics should be located in a bright room ranging in size from 60 to 81 sq.m, depending on the type of school.
2.8.2.17. If the area of the technical graphics room is less than 60 sq.m, there should also be a laboratory room.
2.8.2.18. Student tables for drawing can be arranged in three or four rows, depending on the configuration of the office.
2.8.2.19. In classrooms and workshops, the distance from the blackboard to the demonstration table must be at least 1.00 m, and from the demonstration table to the first row of student tables - 0.9 m.
2.8.2.20. The distance between the tables in a row is 0.6 m, between the rows of tables and the side walls of the room is 0.5-0.7 m, from the first tables to the front wall is about 2.6-2.7 m. from the blackboard - 8.6 m.
2.8.2.21. A blackboard should be placed on the front wall of the office.
2.8.2.22. In the office of technical graphics on the front wall, a demonstration drawing device of the "Kulman" type is allowed.
2.8.2.23. A combined sectional cabinet for storing educational equipment from 8 to 18 sections should be installed along the back wall, depending on the area of the room.
2.8.2.24. The side wall (opposite the windows) is used for permanent and temporary display.
2. 8.3. Requirements for a set of furniture in the workshops and classrooms of the educational field "Technology"
2.8. 3.1. Classrooms and workshops of the educational area "Technology" must be equipped with furniture and blackboards that meet the requirements of the standards GOST 22046-89, GOST 20064-86.
2.8.3.2. Classrooms and workshops of the educational area "Technology" should be equipped with the following furniture (based on the occupancy of the class 15 students - for grades 5-9 and 25 students - for grades 1-4):
Tables and chairs for the teacher (GOST 18313-93) for classrooms and workshops of the educational field "Technology";
Student tables for an art work room (grades 1-4), a food processing room;
Single student tables for drawing (GOST 19549) of different height groups in the technical graphics room;
Universal work tables with built-in sewing machine for fabric processing cabinet;
School chairs and stools (GOST 11016-93);
Workbenches for metalwork, carpentry, combined (OST 79-1-02-84);
Stands for technical training aids (GOST 22361-95); demonstration tables (GOST 18607-86),
Cabinets for teaching aids, storage of materials and products (GOST 18666-95);
Blackboards (GOST 20064-86);
Ironing tables or boards.
2.8.3.3. Furniture must have a hygiene certificate and a certificate of conformity.
2.8.3.4. The height of tables and chairs should correspond to the height groups of students. Depending on the height of students, tables and chairs should be marked with a number and color.
In one-complete and two-complete schools, when students of grades 5-11 study in the same room, there should be a predominance of medium furniture groups - NN 4.5.
2.8.3.5. In the office of artistic labor, the height of tables at workplaces for collective use should correspond to height groups 4-6.
2.8.3.6. The office must have at least two special stands for the installation of projection equipment, made in accordance with GOST 22361-95.
2.8.3.7. The blackboard should be equipped with devices for fastening and displaying tables.
2.8.4. Requirements for the organization of jobs for teachers and students
2.8.4.1. In the training workshops, the workplaces of students for individual and collective use, the workplace of the teacher are equipped. The design and organization of workplaces should ensure the possibility of performing work in full accordance with the curricula, as well as take into account the differences in the anthropometric data of students, the requirements of ergonomics, the scientific organization of labor and technical aesthetics.
2.8.4.2. The number of jobs in the workshops is determined by the occupancy of the classes, taking into account the division of the Y-1X classes into subgroups. The subgroup should be no more than 15 people.
2.8.4.3. The teacher's workplace in the workshop should be equipped with a table with a container for equipment (GOST 18313-93, type P), a workbench with a set of necessary tools and devices for processing metal and wood to demonstrate work methods, a blackboard with a set of classroom tools.
2.8.4.4. For an office, it is recommended to use a blackboard with five working surfaces, consisting of a main board and two folding ones. The size of the main shield: 1500 x 1000 mm, folding shields: 750 x 1000 mm. These boards must have a magnetic surface.
2.8.4.5. The student's workplace for individual use is a workbench or a special table with a folding, side or retractable seat. The workplace is equipped with constantly used tools and devices, which are placed in stacks of various designs.
2.8.4.6. For the processing of structural materials, as well as for various occupations during after hours 4-6 workplaces for collective use should be equipped in the office.
2.8.4.7. Workplaces for collective use in workshops are machine tools, a muffle furnace, a stamping press, universal devices for rolling and bending sheet metal, wire, etc. optional equipment for the socially useful work of students.
2.8.4.8. Machine workplaces are equipped with bedside tables or stacks for placing measuring and cutting tools, workpieces, finished products and documentation. Lathes are additionally equipped with hooks for removing chips.
2.8.4.9. Painting products by spraying in workshops should be carried out in a fume hood specially equipped for this purpose.
2.8.4.10. In the absence of a combined power supply kit (KEK) in the workshops, power supply with a voltage of not more than 42 V can be supplied to the workplaces for performing electrical and radio engineering work.
2.8.4.11. To immediately turn off electrical units, a push-button device is mounted on the teacher's table that controls the magnetic starter of the power line, as well as a remote control. remote control projection equipment and blackout.
2.8.4.12. When soldering and burning out in workshops, sets of special equipment with air suction are used. In the absence of such a soldering kit, special workplaces are equipped with the obligatory installation of local ventilation exhausts.
2.8.4.13. In fabric processing workshops, individual workplaces must be equipped with universal work tables with a sewing machine with a manual and electric drive built into them.
2.8.4.14. Fabric processing workshops should be equipped with workplaces for wet-heat treatment of garments, for trying on, for processing cuts.
2.8.4.15. Workplaces of students should be equipped with containers for collecting fabric scraps and other waste.
2.8.4.16. The teacher's workplace in the fabric processing room is a demonstration table for the physics room of 2 sections (total length - 2400) and a teacher's table with a chair.
2.8.4.17. Workplaces in the office must be equipped with individual and local lighting installations.
2.8.4.18. The student's workplace in the technical graphics room is equipped with a specialized single student table for drawing and a chair.
2.8.4.19. In classrooms designed for 24 students, there can be tables of the following height groups: N 4 - 6 pcs., N 5 - 18 pcs., student chairs of the same height groups.
2.8.4.20. The student's individual workplace in the art room should be equipped with a universal desktop, equipped with removable stacks, in which there are sets of hand tools, as well as marking stencils and simple pencils.
2.8.5. Requirements for equipping the classroom and workshops of the educational area "Technology" with projection equipment and devices.
2.8.5.1. The following equipment should be placed in offices and workshops:
Slide projector;
epiprojector;
Graphic projector;
Color TV with a diagonal screen size of at least 61 cm;
VCR (video player);
Computer for the work of the teacher and students;
Copy technology.
2.8.5.2. To obtain the optimal image size, the projection equipment must be placed on mobile carts.
2.8.5.3. For the projection of banners, experiments, models, there must be a screen with an adjustable tilt angle.
2.8.5.4. In offices and workshops there should be a device for curtaining windows for working with projection equipment (for one window and for all windows).
2.8.5.5. To connect projection equipment and other technical teaching aids in the classroom, at least 3 sockets should be provided: one - at the blackboard, the other - on the wall of the office opposite from the blackboard, the third - on the wall opposite the windows.
2.8.5.6. When demonstrating filmstrips and transparencies (with a screen width of 1.2 - 1.4 m), the distance from the screen to the first tables of students should be at least 2.7 m, and the height of the lower edge of the screen from the podium or floor should not be lower than 0 .9 m
2.8.5.7. The location of the TV should be such that it provides an optimal viewing area for the TV and movies, at least 2.7 m away from the TV screen. The height of the TV from the floor or podium should be within 1.2 - 1.3 m.
2. 8. 6. Requirements for equipping classrooms and workshops of the educational area "Technology" with educational, equipment, and necessary documentation
2.8.6.1. The composition of educational equipment in the classrooms and workshops of the educational area "Technology" is recommended to be determined according to the current "List of educational equipment for the educational area "Technology" for educational institutions Russia", approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
2.8.6.2. The set of workshop equipment includes a stretcher and a universal first aid kit (TU 64-7-51-72) (the address and telephone number of the nearest medical institution are indicated near the first-aid kit), as well as fire fighting equipment, including a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher.
2.8.6.3. Equipment that is not provided for by the "Lists", including home-made equipment, is installed in workshops with the permission of the technical inspection of the sanitary and epidemiological station, which is formalized by the relevant acts.
2.8.6.4. In the classroom and workshops of the educational area "Technology" there should be tools and materials intended for the repair of educational visual aids and the manufacture of teaching aids by students (scissors, glue, paper, ink, felt-tip pens, foils, etc.).
2.8.6.5. In the office there should be card indexes of reference literature, methodical literature for the teacher, for students, a file of teaching aids systematized by class, by topic, a file of teacher preparation for the lesson, a thematic file containing individual, group tasks for students.
2.8.6.6. An inventory book should be provided in the office, listing the available equipment, furniture, fixtures and indicating their inventory number.
2.8.7. Requirements for placement and storage of equipment
2.8.7.1. The system of placement and storage of educational equipment should provide:
Safety of teaching aids;
Permanent place, convenient for the extraction and return of the product; fixing a place for this type of educational equipment based on the frequency of use in the classroom;
Fast accounting and control to replace failed products with new ones.
The basic principle of placing and storing educational equipment is by type of educational equipment, taking into account the frequency of use of this educational equipment and safety rules.
2872 Educational equipment and manuals should be stored in sectional cabinets placed along the back wall and having adjustable shelves and half-shelves.
2.8.7.3. The lower sections of the cabinets should be with solid doors, the upper ones - with glazed ones, the mezzanine upper ones - with solid doors.
2.8.7.4. On the bookshelves of sectional cabinets, filmstrips, transparencies, audio cassettes, collections of materials from current periodicals should be placed. The lower doors of these cabinets must be deaf.
2.8.7.5. Filmstrips should be placed in special stacking. The cells and boxes of filmstrips must be marked and given the same numbers as on the boxes of filmstrips.
2.8.7.6. All screen, sound and screen-sound aids should be located away from the heating system.
2.8.7.7. Tables should be stored in large folders or pasted on cardboard and placed in label boxes located under the blackboard or installed separately.
2.8.7.8. Tables are placed in sections and boxes according to classes, topics, indicating the list and number of tables.
2.8.7.9. Tools and devices are stored in special packings at the workplaces of students.
2.8.7.10. The tool should be stored in such a way as to exclude the possibility of injury if it is carelessly touched: chisels, chisels, awls, compasses are stored in a vertical position in special nests with the cutting and piercing ends down; knives of planers, sherhebels, jointers and other similar tools are wedged flush with the sole; drills are inserted into the nests of a wooden stand with the working ends down; bow saws are hung behind the beam stand, turning the teeth inward, and hacksaws are inserted into special sockets so that the cutting part is closed, small tools are stored in a special stack with sockets of different diameters.
2.8.8. Requirements for the interior design of offices and workshops
2.8.8.1. The interior of classrooms and workshops should correspond to the peculiarities of teaching the subject.
2.8.8.2. Classrooms should display materials that are used on a daily basis or during a series of lessons. Distinguish between materials of permanent and interchangeable exposure.
2.8.8.3. The materials of the permanent exhibition are stands, tables and posters for permanent use, including those on labor safety and industrial sanitation, materials science, and vocational guidance.
2.8.8.4. Interchangeable exposure includes instructional materials and tables explaining how to perform individual operations.
2.8.8.5. To place the exposition, special exposition boards are used, which are fixed along the side wall opposite the wall with window openings.
2.8.8.6. In classrooms and workshops there should be permanent exhibitions of products made by students, indicating who and when made the exhibition items.
Pedagogical and ergonomic requirements for teaching aids Specialized pedagogical and ergonomic requirements for machines, workbenches and tools
