Fedotova Irina Vladimirovna
Perspective plan for the work of the circle according to the rules traffic"Road Alphabet" in middle group
Explanatory note.
Every day our children, while still with us, participate in traffic. But a little time will pass and they will become its independent participants: pedestrians, passengers, drivers.
The intensity of traffic is growing to navigate in such conditions is not easy. Every year, dozens of people die on the roads, more than a thousand are seriously injured. That is why it is very important to get acquainted with the Rules of traffic and safe behavior on the road directly from preschool age.
In order to improve road literacy of children early age A program for the prevention of child road traffic injuries called "Road ABC" was created.
Goals circle work are:
Teaching children safe behavior on the roads of the city, through reading informative articles, fiction and visual arts;
To develop in children the ability to think logically, to develop competent monologue speech;
Education of personal qualities - caution, observation, discipline, which will help children adapt to the road environment.
September.
1 Week. "We get to know the street."
Purpose: to expand children's ideas about the rules of behavior in the yard and on the street "; to teach to see the source of danger to life and health.
2 weeks. "Crossing the Road" Purpose: To acquaint children with the rules for crossing the road: go to the green light of the traffic light, look around, cross the zebra. Understand the rule: if you do not follow these rules, you can get hit by a car.
3 weeks. "Reading a poem by N. Pikuleva" Sorokiny lessons "
Purpose: To teach to analyze what is read, to find examples in the text correct behavior animals, fix them.
4 weeks. "Reading a poem by I. Gurina "Rules of the road" Drawing a traffic light.
Objective: To continue to develop interest in fiction and visual activity. Learn to draw a traffic light according to the idea, consolidating knowledge of traffic signals.
October.
1 Week. "Roads on which traffic is prohibited." Reading and memorizing N. Pikuleva's poem "Motorway"
Purpose: To acquaint children with the rules of conduct on the repaired sections of the road; give the concept of "motorway", its features.
2 weeks. "Rules for crossing the road at the crossroads."
Reading a poem by T Davydova Crossroads.
Purpose: Clarify children's understanding of the concept of "crossroads". Familiarize yourself with the rules for crossing the road at the intersection.
3 weeks. "Group Movement"
Purpose: To acquaint children with the rules for crossing the road in a group, consolidating the rules of traffic rules.
4 weeks. Examining an illustration on the topic "Do animals behave correctly on the street"
Purpose: To fix the rules of behavior in the yard, street, on the road;
develop the ability to avoid traumatic situations.
November.
1 Week. "Public transport waiting rules"
Purpose: Clarify children's understanding of the concept of stop. Familiarize children with the rules of waiting, boarding and exiting public transport.
2 weeks. "Caution, tram and bus! Reading and memorizing a poem by Emelyanova O. "Go around the bus from behind, and the tram in front."
Purpose: To introduce children to the rules of behavior on the road when there are buses and trams on the roadway. Learn to anticipate the situation in case of non-compliance with these rules.
3 weeks. Reading a poem by S. Mikhalkov "My street".
Purpose: To continue to acquaint children with traffic rules, to formulate a verbal "Pedestrian's Memo"; develop an interest in fiction.
4 weeks. Application "My friend-traffic light"
Purpose: Consolidation of the concept of "traffic light", traffic signals.
December.
1 Week. Reading a poem by V. Lebedev-Kumach
"About smart little animals"
Purpose: to expand children's knowledge about safe behavior on the street, in transport, in the yard.
2 weeks. "Rules of Conduct for Car Passengers"
Purpose: To acquaint children with the rules of getting into a vehicle located on the roadway and safely exiting it.
3 weeks. "Responsibilities of a cyclist"
Purpose: To introduce children to the rules of safe cycling. Formulate a verbal "Memo cyclist."
4 weeks. Reading the story of V. Dragunsky "Motor racing along a steep wall"
Purpose: to continue to acquaint children with traffic rules, to consolidate the rules for safe cycling, to develop interest in fiction.
January.
1 Week. "traffic police and traffic police inspector"
Purpose: To introduce children to the State Road Safety Inspectorate, its employee-inspector of the road patrol service, his role is not on the road.
2 weeks. Reading of the work of S. Mikhalkov "Uncle Styopa - a policeman".
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge of the rules of the road, safe behavior in the yard and on the street.
3 weeks. Mobile game "Inspector and drivers"
Purpose: To consolidate knowledge of the rules of behavior on the street, about the work of traffic police officers, to develop the ability to quickly respond to an unexpected new situation.
4 weeks. "Machines that rush to the rescue."
Purpose: To clarify children's ideas about land transport. To acquaint children with the rules of behavior on the road when meeting with cars with special signals (fire, police, ambulance).
February.
1 Week. Reading a poem by P. Sinyavsky "The Brave Machine". Coloring the stencil "Fire Truck".
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge about the rules of behavior on the road when meeting with a fire truck, remember the phone number fire service, develop an interest in fiction.
2 weeks. Reading a poem by P. Sinyavsky "With a flasher on top". Coloring the stencil "Police car".
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge of the rules of behavior on the road when meeting with a police car, remember the telephone number of the police, develop interest in fiction.
3 weeks. Reading a poem by P. Sinyavsky "Hospital on wheels". Coloring the stencil "Ambulance".
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge about the rules of behavior on the road when meeting with an ambulance, remember the telephone number of the ambulance service, develop interest in fiction.
4 weeks. Mobile game "Sparrows and car".
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge of the rules of the road, to develop and improve motor skills.
March.
1 Week. Why do we need road signs?
Purpose: to introduce children to the types of road signs: warning signs, priority signs. prohibition signs, prescriptive, special prescription signs, information signs, service signs, signs additional information, identification marks Vehicle. Their role on the road.
2 weeks. What do the signs warn about?
Purpose: to expand children's knowledge of road signs. To acquaint with warning signs, their symbolism, meaning.
3 weeks. "What do the signs prohibit?".
Purpose: to expand children's knowledge of road signs. To acquaint with prohibition signs, their symbols, meaning on the road.
4 weeks. What do service signs say?
Purpose: to expand children's knowledge of road signs. To acquaint with the signs of service, their symbolism, meaning.
April.
Week 1: "Competition for a connoisseur of road signs."
Purpose: to consolidate children's knowledge of road signs, to learn to distinguish between warning signs, prohibition signs and service signs.
Week 2: Reading a poem by I. Gurina "The Tale of Road Signs".
Purpose: To continue to acquaint children with traffic rules; develop an interest in fiction.
3 weeks. Role-playing game "Bus on the road".
Purpose: To clarify and expand the knowledge of children about the elements of the road, road signs, traffic and rules of conduct on the road, the traffic police inspector.
4 weeks. Creation of a collective "Album of road signs".
Purpose: To continue to develop interest in the visual arts. Learn to draw road signs according to the model, consolidating the knowledge gained.
1 Week. Street tour.
Purpose: to consolidate children's ideas about the street, the rules of behavior on it.
2 weeks. Entertainment "Journey to the country of road signs".
Purpose: consolidation of knowledge about the rules of the road, road signs; to form the habit of safe behavior on the streets and roads of the city.
3 weeks. Teamwork"City Street".
Objective: To continue to develop interest in artistic creativity. Learn to paint a highway in watercolor. Together with the children, determine the places of future objects (houses, public transport, traffic lights, road signs). Develop children's creativity. Cultivate accuracy in work.
4 weeks. Collective work "Street of the city" (continued).
Purpose: To continue to develop interest in artistic creativity. Learn to complete the work by application (gluing houses, public transport, traffic lights, road signs.) Develop attention, perseverance. Cultivate independence, accuracy.
Related publications:
The urgency of the problem. Every year the number of cars, buses, trolleybuses, motorcycles increases on the streets of cities and towns.
Purpose: - to consolidate the knowledge and ideas of children about road safety; - continue to acquaint children with the rules of the road;
Abstract of the lesson on the rules of the road "The ABC of the road, or Journey to the Sunny City" Purpose of the lesson: To continue to acquaint with the rules of the road, to learn how to practically apply them in various situations. Develop thinking.
OD in the middle group according to the rules of the road "Journey to a fabulous city." Purpose: to make children want to always follow the rules.
Perspective plan on the rules of the road for preschool children. A long-term plan for the rules of the road in BDOU No. 63 Purpose: Formation in preschool children of knowledge about the rules of the road.
A long-term plan for the work of the circle "Friendly guys" on the formation of etiquette in children of the middle group The assimilation by children of the rules of conduct and the elementary foundations of etiquette begins at a younger preschool age, and is formed at a senior preschool age.
A long-term work plan for the circle on the spiritual and moral education of children of the middle group "Ladushki" September 1 week. Subject. "In the garden, in the garden." Content. 1. Didactic game "What grows in the garden and in the garden." 2. Riddles.
Project on the rules of the road for children of senior preschool age "ABC of pedestrian sciences" Project on the rules of the road for children of senior preschool age on the topic "The ABC of pedestrian sciences" Introduction: The situation with children.
Project on the rules of the road for children of the middle group "Why do we need traffic rules?" The purpose of the project: the formation of children's ideas about road signs. Tasks: NGO "Cognitive Development": To expand and consolidate the knowledge of children.
Entertainment according to the rules of the road in the middle group "Let's Help Smeshariki" Purpose: to improve ideas about safe behavior on the street and roads. Tasks: to consolidate knowledge about the meaning of traffic lights;
Image Library:
Additional educational program
mug " Good road of childhood»
Compiled by:
Tyabokina S.V.
Bryansk
2012
Explanatory note
Let it burn green
light on your path!
The program of the circle "Good road of childhood" for grades 1-4 developed within the framework of the Federal Law "On Road Safety", the law Russian Federation"On safety", "Rules for the safe behavior of students on the streets and roads."
Program modified based on the program "Road Safety": Program and thematic planning. 1-4 grades / aut.-stat. R.P. Babina - M .: Mnemosyne, 2009 and the author's program N.F. Vinogradova / Program and lesson-thematic planning for the course "Road Safety" for children ml. school age - M .: ENAS-CLASS, 2007.
Orientation educational program socio-pedagogical: conditions are created for the social practice of the child in his real life, accumulation of moral and practical experience.
Relevance: upon transition to federal state standards second generation, modern requirements to education provide for the need to focus on compliance with traffic rules and a culture of personal safety.
The main conceptual position of this program is, first of all, the understanding that we consider the issues of studying traffic rules and preventing DDTT as one of the aspects of the child's personal safety.
Novelty of this program is that at the center of the educational process are students studying the Rules of the Road, which are written difficult language and addressed to adult road users. This program allows you to systematically introduce the duties of pedestrians and passengers in an accessible and understandable way, teaching the child the rules of safe and law-abiding behavior on the streets, roads and in transport. The number of hours has been increased by 3 times, which allows you to more thoroughly study the Rules of the Road.
Becoming schoolchildren, most first graders find themselves on the busy streets of the city for the first time. That is why a conversation about behavior in general begins with the rules of behavior on the street. These classes will help students systematize, expand and deepen their knowledge of traffic safety, form their respect for common law roads and streets, will bring up disciplined pedestrians, passengers, and possibly future drivers.
From an early age, children need to be educated with a conscious attitude to the Rules of the Road (SDA), which should become the norm for the behavior of every cultured person. The rules of the road are an important means of labor regulation in the field of road traffic, education of its participants in the spirit of discipline, responsibility, mutual forethought, and attentiveness. Compliance with all the requirements of the Rules of the Road creates the prerequisites for the clear and safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians along the streets and roads.
Program goal: learning the basic rules of behavior on the road, developing the skills of correct behavior on the street, the ability to use the rules of the road in real life.
Tasks:
1. Educational:
Teach the basic rules of the road;
Provide each child with the required level of knowledge on safe behavior on the streets and roads;
To teach the correct behavior on the streets, using the knowledge gained on this issue;
To form the ability to apply the acquired knowledge in practice, thus ensuring their own safety.
2. Educational:
To cultivate a conscious attitude to the implementation of traffic rules;
Cultivate a culture of behavior and road ethics in traffic conditions.
3. Developing:
Develop motivation for safe behavior;
To develop in students the ability to navigate in a traffic situation;
To form a personal and socially significant experience of safe behavior on the roads and streets
To form the skills of self-esteem, introspection of one's behavior on the street
and in transport.
Develop personal qualities - independence, responsibility, activity, accuracy;
Main ideas, principles, features of the program
The Good Road of Childhood program aims not to memorize traffic rules mechanically, but to form and develop cognitive activity focused on understanding danger and safety.
Focused on problem solving, the program extracurricular activities, in its content implements the following principles:
the principle of variability, which underlies the planning of educational material in accordance with the material and technical equipment of extracurricular activities.
the principle of sufficiency and conformity, the features of the formation of universal learning activities(more are laid in extracurricular activities);
compliance with didactic rules from the known to the unknown and from the simple to the complex, which underlie planning (subject, meta-subject, personal), including in independent activity;
expansion of interdisciplinary connections (formation of a holistic worldview of the child);
the sequence and gradualness of training (in certain doses according to the increasing volume of information);
the principle of developmental education (the organization of learning influences on the personality and behavior of the child allows you to control the pace and content of his development). The success of education is determined by the ability of the child to independently explain why he should do this and not otherwise. And as a result - consciously behave in real traffic situations.
the principle of unity of education and training.
The implementation of this program is designed for 4 years of study in primary school and will allow students to get a systematic idea of the dangers on the road and predict dangerous situations, assess the impact of their consequences on human life and health, and develop an algorithm for safe behavior taking into account their capabilities. The program includes both group classes and individual, as well as mass events.
The educational process consists of various activities:
teaching theoretical knowledge (verbal information presented by the teacher);
independent work (studying illustrations and completing tasks in textbooks);
practical development of coordination of movements, motor skills and skills of safe behavior on the streets, roads and in transport using for this complex of games (plot, role-playing, games by the rules, etc.) and special exercises(introductory, group, individual).
Classes are held in an accessible and stimulating form of interest. Every lesson has an element of play.
Gaming technologies, used in the program, make it possible for the child to get involved in practical activities, in situations aimed at recreating and mastering the experience of safe behavior on the roads and streets, in which self-management of behavior is formed and improved.
methods, methods of teacher activity aimed at deep, conscious and lasting assimilation of knowledge by students:
in training - practical (various exercises with models, with a game
material of vehicles, making models, classes at the transport site);
visual (studying the rules on models, monitoring the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, demonstrating road signs, technical means);
verbal (as a leader - briefing, conversations, explanations); work with the book (mainly reading, studying);
video method (viewing, training).
in education - (according to G. I. Shchukina) - methods of forming consciousness
personalities aimed at the formation of stable beliefs (story, discussion, ethical conversation, example);
methods of organizing activities and forming experience public behavior(educational situation, teaching, exercises);
methods of stimulating behavior and activities (competitions, rewards).
Forms of control: testing, contests, quizzes, games.
Organization educational process
The duration of the program is 4 years.
Direction of the program: socio-pedagogical.
The program is designed for children from 6.5 - 9 years old.
Type of children's group: profile.
Composition: permanent.
Set: free.
Practice mode.
The total number of hours per year is 33 hours.
Number of hours per week - 1 hour.
The frequency of classes is once a week for 25 minutes in the 1st grade, once a week for 30 minutes in grades 2-4.
The work of the circle is carried out in the form of theoretical and practical classes. The training program is built on the principle of "simple to complex" and the deepening of theoretical knowledge and practical skills at each subsequent stage of training. Each lesson organically combines the study of new and repetition of the material covered. Classes are held in the classroom using a multimedia installation, board games, visual handouts and demonstration materials, watching films on traffic rules, and the invitation of a traffic police inspector. To consolidate the material covered, it is effective to use board, didactic and outdoor games. The program is designed for classes in an equipped room, where there are thematic stands for the study of traffic rules and the prevention of DDTT.
One of the important areas of work should be considered the formation of a steady interest among the parents of students in the safety and health of children as road users.
Course Content Values
The program contributes to:
mental development- students receive and consolidate knowledge on the Rules of the road, life safety, learn to think logically, generalize, compose stories on topics, share life experiences, correctly express their thoughts, answer questions;
moral education - in the classroom, students develop a culture of behavior in the circle of peers and in the family, the skills of observing the Rules of the Road are fixed, the desire to help the elderly as needed. Students learn about life safety in environment, respect for people;
aesthetic education - students participate in competitions of drawings, posters, literary quizzes, photo contests. In the classroom, students work with colorful visual material;
labor education - students make the necessary manuals, models, didactic games for classes according to the program, scenery and costumes for performances (with the help of parents);
physical education - at each lesson with children and adolescents, outdoor games and various motor game tasks are held on topics.
Educational thematic plan
1 class
p/n
Chapter
total hours
Including
theory
practice
road users
8
4
4
Types of pedestrian crossings
4
2
2
Traffic light and its signals
4
3
1
Road signs
4
3
1
Types of transport
4
4
-
We are passengers
3
1
2
On a country road
2
1
1
Safe places for children to play
2
1
1
Holiday:
1
City Tour
1
TOTAL:
33
19
14
Calendar-thematic planning
training material on additional education
"Good road of childhood" for grade 1
1 time per week (33 lessons per year)
on 2015– 2016 academic year
№ p/n
Section and topic
total hours
Including
Planned date
Actual date
theory
practice
Section 1: Road users
8
4
4
(1)
Introduction. Why do you need to know the Rules of the Road?
(2)
Our city, the neighborhood where we live.
(3)
How dangerous situations on the roads are born
0,5
0,5
(4)
We go to school
(5)
(6)
Pedestrian and vehicle traffic (roadway and pavement)
(7)
0,5
0,5
(8)
Initiation into pedestrians
4
2
2
(1)
Pedestrian crossings.
Designation of transitions, the concept of "Zebra".
(2)
(3)
Road crossing rules.
The safest crossing.
(4)
Hidden dangers on the road. "Road Traps".
Section 3: Traffic light and its signals
4
3
1
(1)
The traffic light is our true friend.
The purpose of the traffic light and its signals.
(2)
Types of traffic lights (traffic and pedestrian).
(3)
The regulator is our assistant.
0,5
0,5
(4)
At unregulated intersections.
0,5
0,5
Section 4: Road signs
4
3
1
(1)
Our friends are road signs
(2)
Warning signs.
0,5
0,5
(3)
Prohibition signs.
0,5
0,5
(4)
Special order and service marks
Section 5: Modes of transport
4
4
-
(1)
Types of ground transport.
(2)
(3)
Special machines.
(4)
Helper cars.
Section 6: We are passengers
3
1
2
(1)
Being a passenger is a science.
(2)
(3)
Rules for boarding and exiting vehicles.
Section 7: On a country road
2
1
1
(1)
The movement of pedestrians on the road, roadside, footpath.
0,5
0,5
(2)
Crossing the railroad crossing.
0,5
0,5
Section 8: Safe Places for Children to Play
2
1
1
(1)
Where can and where not to play.
The pavement is not for play.
0,5
0,5
(2)
Where can you ride and not be afraid of cars?
0,5
0,5
(3)
Holiday:
"We know the rules of the road."
1
(1)
City Tour
(consolidation of the material covered)
1
TOTAL:
33
19
14
Program content
33 hours(1 hour per week)
The program consists of several thematic sections that are interconnected.
Unit 1: Road users (8 hours)
Introduction. Why do you need to know the Rules of the Road? First-grader as an independent pedestrian.
A story about a city, a neighborhood where children live and go to school.
How dangerous situations on the roads are born.
We are going to school. Consideration and study of the safest route for children to and from school.
Road users (pedestrian, passenger, driver).
Movement of pedestrians and cars (carriageway and sidewalk).
Rules for the movement of pedestrians on the sidewalk.
Holiday: "Initiation into pedestrians."
Section 2: Types of pedestrian crossings (4 h)
Pedestrian crossings. Designation of transitions, the concept of "Zebra".
Road signs: "Pedestrian crossing", "Underground crossing", "Elevated crossing".
Road crossing rules. The safest crossing.
Hidden dangers on the road. Danger when crossing the street - road "traps". Road traps are situations of deceptive safety.
Section 3: Traffic lights and their signals (4 hours)
The traffic light is our true friend. Traffic lights and their signals. Assignment of traffic lights. Pedestrian traffic light, its signals. Types of traffic lights (traffic and pedestrian).
Analysis of traffic situations using traffic lights, road signs, road markings.
The regulator is our assistant. Its role in the organization of traffic. The value of traffic controller signals for vehicles, pedestrians. Analysis of traffic situations using traffic controller signals, traffic lights, signs, markings.
At unregulated intersections. Unregulated intersections are dangerous place for road users. Why? Rules for crossing unregulated intersections. Pedestrian crossing lines. Axial line.
Section 4: Road signs (4 hours)
Our friends are road signs. Purpose of road signs, their classification.
Warning: "Pedestrian crossing" (1.22), "Children" (1.23).
Forbidding: "Movement on bicycles is prohibited", "Pedestrian traffic is prohibited."
Information-indicative: place of public transport stop. Pedestrian crossings.
Service marks: "Item one medical care", "Telephone".
Analysis of traffic situations using road signs and road markings.
Section 5: Modes of transport (4 hours)
The concept of "vehicles". Types of ground transport.
Vehicles for public and private use.
Special machines. Their purpose. Helper cars.
Unit 6: We are Passengers (3 hours)
Being a passenger is a science. The concept of "passengers". Public transport: bus, trolleybus, tram. Rules for using public transport and behavior in it. Stopping public transport - a zone of increased danger.
Road signs: "Bus, trolley bus stop", "Tram stop".
Rules of conduct at stops and in the passenger compartment.
Rules for boarding and exiting vehicles. Danger of a sudden exit to the roadway due to a vehicle standing at the sidewalk (shoulder). Crossing the street when exiting the tram, bus.Section 7: On a country road (2 hours)
Road. The roadway. Roadside. A footpath is a place for pedestrians to move.
Road crossing points. Crossing the railroad crossing. A place where a pedestrian crosses a railroad track. Road signs. Prohibition of walking on rails, embankments, prohibition of games near railway tracks.
Section 8: Safe places for children to play (2 hours)
The road is not a place to play. Dangers arising from playing football or hockey on or near the roadway (the ball or puck rolls out to a moving car, the child running after it does not see it).
Danger of skiing or tobogganing from slides overlooking the road (child and driver do not expect each other to appear, it is difficult to change direction due to slippery surfaces). The danger of the "desert street".
Cars in your backyard.
Signals by which you can determine the direction of the car (turn signals, reverse signals). Exit from the entrance to the courtyard. Playgrounds and car parks.
Holiday:"We know the rules of the road." (1 h)
City tour (consolidation of the material covered) (1 h)
Practical acquaintance with the traffic rules of pedestrians on the streets and roads, at intersections.
Observation of traffic control devices at intersections, the movement of vehicles at intersections, the movement of pedestrians at intersections. Identification of violators of the transition rules.
Practical exercises: crossing streets at regulated and unregulated intersections. Analysis of errors. Summarizing.
Levels of educational results
social knowledge
Formation value attitude to social reality
Gaining experience in independent social action
rules of the road, the importance of their implementation;
information about roads, intersections and roadway markings;
traffic lights and traffic controllers;
pedestrian rules of the road, rules for bypassing standing vehicles, rules for crossing streets and roads;
modes of transport, rules for cycling;
the rule of safe behavior when traveling by rail, the duties of a passenger;
road signs, understand their schematic representation (warning, prohibiting, prescriptive, indicative);
about traffic police officers, their duties;
culture of behavior of citizens on the street, in public places;
the daily routine of primary school students, the necessary conditions to ensure the preservation and strengthening of his health.
value your life, loved ones and those around you;
take care of one's physical and spiritual health, close and surrounding people through social actions and events;
be psychologically prepared for unforeseen situations in life;
cherish friendship, be able to find contact with peers;
take care of property at school, public places and at home;
correctly cross the road, crossroads;
choose the safest route from home to school and other destinations;
distinguish between traffic lights and traffic controllers and act in accordance with them;
ride a bicycle in accordance with the rules of the road on the carriageway; anticipate a dangerous situation on the road and be able to respond to it;
apply the acquired knowledge in practice on traffic rules and life safety;
Formation of universal learning activities
Personal
adopting the image of "good pedestrian, good passenger";
independence and personal responsibility for one's actions, healthy lifestyle life;
respect for other road users;
awareness of human responsibility for the general well-being;
ethical feelings, first of all, benevolence and emotional and moral responsiveness;
positive motivation and cognitive interest to classes under the program "Young traffic inspectors";
the ability to self-esteem;
basic skills of cooperation in different situations.
Metasubject
skills of control and self-assessment of the process and result of activity;
the ability to pose and formulate problems;
skills of conscious and arbitrary construction of a message in oral form, including a creative one;
establishment of causal relationships;
Regulatory
the use of speech to regulate their actions;
adequate perception of the proposals of teachers, comrades, parents and other people to correct the mistakes made;
the ability to identify and formulate what has already been learned and what still needs to be learned;
the ability to correlate the correctness of the choice, planning, execution and result of an action with the requirements of a specific task;
Communicative
During the learning process, children learn:
work in a group, take into account the opinions of partners that are different from their own;
ask questions;
ask for help;
formulate your difficulties;
offer help and cooperation;
listen to the interlocutor;
negotiate and come to a common decision;
formulate own opinion and position;
exercise mutual control;
adequately evaluate their own behavior and the behavior of others.
The results of the study of the program
students 1st class By the end of the course you should:
know:
A diagram of the microdistrict in which the school is located, the safest way to school and back, where and how to cross the street and the road.
The main parts of the street and the road are the carriageway, pavement, roadside, ditch, dividing strip.
Where pedestrians should be or move along the street, and where vehicles.
Features of the movement of pedestrians in difficult weather conditions (wind, rain, fog, ice)
Possible consequences from games and pranks on the road and near it.
The main causes of road accidents in the microdistrict.
General rules for orientation on the street and the road for a safe stay on it and its safe transition:
Do not stand close to the corners of the intersection and at the edge of the carriageway (including at public transport stops);
Do not stand close to the edge of the sidewalk, turning your back to the roadway;
Before starting to cross the road, you must first look to the left, then to the right and again to the left, only after making sure that the crossing is safe, start the crossing, looking to the left, cross the road to the middle without stopping, and, looking to the right, after the middle of the road;
Be especially careful on the road in rain, fog, snowfall, icy conditions, in poor lighting and in the evening;
The road must be crossed, but not run across.
Name, purpose and possible installation locations of the studied road signs.
Traffic and pedestrian traffic lights, the meaning of light signals (red - stop, yellow - wait, green - go).
Rules for crossing streets and roads at pedestrian crossings, regulated traffic signals outside intersections and at intersections (where vehicles not only move in a straight direction, but also make turns).
Variety of modes of transport.
be able to:
Distinguish between modes of transport and vehicles;
Walk the safest route to and from school on your own.
Determine the most dangerous sections of streets and roads for pedestrians;
Observe the rules for boarding and disembarking passengers, crossing the carriageway;
find (distinguish) studied road signs (on the way to school), use them in a specific situation;
Determine where schoolchildren should not cross the street and the road (near sharp turns and breaks in the road, in the presence of large-sized facilities and other objects that restrict the view of the road, at unregulated intersections with heavy traffic and a large number adjacent roads, driveways, exits, etc.).
If necessary, ask for help from adult pedestrians when crossing the carriageway of streets and roads in places of heavy traffic.
Financial technical support
Logistics and technical support includes a minimum - allowable list library fund(printed products), printed manuals, technical computer and other information training aids, educational - laboratory equipment and natural objects, as well as classroom equipment, taking into account the characteristics educational process in elementary school and the specifics of the course being studied. year, No. 196-FZ.
Rules of the road of the Russian Federation. Council Decree approved
Ministers of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 07.05. 2003 No. 265.
Entered into force on July 1, 2003.
Sakharova Elena
The program of the circle for familiarization with the rules of the road for children of senior preschool age "Traffic light"
Explanatory note
According to federal law "About security traffic» basic security principles traffic are: the priority of life and citizens' health participating in road traffic, over the economic results of economic activity; priority of state responsibility for ensuring security traffic over the responsibility of citizens participating in road traffic; observance of the interests of citizens, society and the state.
In the Russian Federation, the number of accidents involving children aged up to 14 years per 10 thousand vehicles is almost 10 times higher than in the UK, 30 times higher than in Italy and 20 times higher than in France and Germany.
The current situation with children road- transport injuries, according to the estimates of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, testifies to the children's ignorance of the rules of the road(hereinafter SDA) and inability correctly navigate the road, which is insufficient attention to the problems of preventing child injuries, in the first place, on the part of educational authorities. Despite the fact that in Russia there are a number of regulatory documents obliging educational establishments carry out consistent preventive work for the study Rules of the road, the results of the control and analytical work of the State traffic inspectorate in major cities show that more than half road– traffic accidents occur due to the fault children violating rules street behavior and roads.
should influence the situation the federal law RF of May 7, 2009 No. 86 - FZ "On Amendments to the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative offenses».
The program is designed for preschoolers, And directed to provide additional training in the study Rules of the road and their practical application.
Relevance programs
Teaching safe behavior, instilling psychological resistance to dangerous situations, discipline, caution, observation.
Form presentations. Teach traffic rules. Expand and consolidate the acquired knowledge.
Target programs
Purposefully to form a culture of behavior and observance among the younger generation traffic rules to attach to universal human values - life and people's health, enter preschooler into the world of relationships between the driver and the passenger, where there is a combination of knowledge about behavior, compliance and compliance with traffic rules.
Targets
1. Introduce safe behavior preschool children on the streets, familiarization with various modes of transport - trucks and cars, trams, trolleybuses, buses, - with regulation traffic on city streets, settlements;
2. Assimilation of norms and rules of conduct, manifestations of tolerance for antisocial acts;
3. Formation children skills and abilities to monitor road situation and foresight of dangerous situations, the ability to bypass them;
4. Education of discipline and conscious compliance with the rules of the road, culture of behavior, excerpts in road- transport process.
The program is oriented:
To ensure the safety of a child aged 5-7 years, individualization of personality through awareness child of his needs, abilities and abilities,
Promotes the development of personal qualities that will help them adapt to road environment,
Contributes to the acquisition by children of a certain skill of behavior, experience, development of communication children,
Formation of skills of a value attitude, both to one's own and to someone else's life;
Development program material;
Develop cognitive activity and independence;
To form the ability to observe, compare, analyze, draw conclusions;
Ability to apply the acquired knowledge in practice;
Features of the organization of the educational process
1. A child gains knowledge, skills and abilities in a playful way.
2. The main form of organization - circle.
3. Subgroup form of education - 8-10 children.
4. The duration of the OOD is 25 minutes.
5. OOD mode - 1 time per week.
Provides for the further formation of knowledge about compliance with traffic rules. At the same time this program reveals in an accessible way children level of contradiction of relations "Pedestrian driver" and ways to resolve it. Students learn about the real problems facing people; that knowledge and observance rules of the road -
necessary condition for conservation health and life. Along with this, it contributes to the formation of children
respect for the general law roads, both in your city and in the country, all over the planet. Children preschool
age acquire certain skills that allow them to participate in practical activities.
Learning principles
The basis circle the work is based on the following didactic principles learning:
The upbringing nature of education;
Scientific nature of the transmitted information;
Systematism in the organization of classes;
Availability of the studied material age of pupils;
visibility of learning;
Individual approach to pupils.
Educational nature of education
Provides children with the opportunity to assimilate world experience, study the patterns of development of society. Forms a scientific worldview. Cultivates moral qualities. Develops morally, aesthetically. The scientific nature of the transmitted information. Promotes correct reflection of reality, the more clearly expressed in cognitive activity of representation about real objects, the more understandable for children taught material.
Systematic organization of work mug
Justified age And psychological characteristics children, so the teaching of educational material sent mainly for the formation cognitive activity.
Availability of the studied material
The material must be available to this group children, match them age and level of development. A sign of the accessibility of education is the connection of the acquired knowledge with those that are enshrined in minds of students.
Individual approach.
Knowledge in the process of education is acquired individually by each child. In the course of work, the teacher has the opportunity to work with a group and individually with each.. individual differences children speed up or slow down the learning process A variety of methods, forms, means of teaching the working programs allow for widespread use modeling: creating graphic and dynamic diagrams that help children understand and articulate rules and standards of acceptable behavior. Program provides for the teacher's story, which should be bright, emotional, arousing interest in the material being studied, contributing to its assimilation.
Content programs provides ample opportunities for a differentiated approach to children in learning. Program also provides for the use additional materials for study, which will allow to take into account individual characteristics children and develop their interests and abilities, form a culture of behavior.
Structure programs.
Consists of educational blocks: theory, practice. The content is combined into blocks, each of which implements a separate task. All educational tasks include not only the assimilation of theoretical knowledge, but also the formation of practical experience.
Practical tasks.
Contribute to the development of children creativity, ability to create situations
taking place in Everyday life, develop imagination, thinking. At the heart of practical work
lies execution creative tasks to create such situations. Children of this age capable of emotional
figurative level, perform the proposed tasks.
Expected results
know the rules and street rules;
To be able to show tolerance for antisocial acts;
Ability to anticipate and manage dangerous situations road.
This program will provide an opportunity to achieve successful results in the training and education of disciplined participants traffic and also help reduce child injury rates. Form views children about road safety. Teach traffic rules. Expand and consolidate the acquired knowledge. This knowledge will help children save health and possibly life.
Educational and methodological support
Development Centers
Theatrical Center; - design center; - center of fine arts; - center of physical activity; - center for traffic rules.
Technical training aids
Record player; -CD and audio materials; - computer.
Visual - didactic material
Pencils, felt-tip pens, paints, glue, scissors, brush, album sheets;
Attributes road guard service: wands, helmets, signs;
Transport of various functional purposes (trucks and cars, buses, trains, fire and postal vehicles, etc.);
- traffic lights, figures of people (pedestrians, drivers);
Posters;
Story pictures reflecting traffic situations;
Attributes for role-playing, games of traffic controllers, drivers and pedestrians (baton, whistle, cap, etc.);
- Road signs.
Didactic games:
1. "Our street"
2. "Put road sign»
3. "Teremok"
4. "Guess What Sign"
5. "Types of intersections"
6. "City Street"
7. "Forbidden - Allowed"
8. "Collect traffic light»
9. "What do the signs say?"
10. "Where is the sign hidden?"
Methodological techniques:
Story;
Role-playing game;
Didactic games;
Reading and memorizing poetry;
Examining illustrations;
Observation;
Excursions;
target walk to a specially equipped platform.
In the learning process children traffic rules cannot be limited to verbal explanations. A significant place should be given to practical forms learning: observation, excursions, target walks during which children learn by doing rules for pedestrians, are watching road traffic reinforce previously acquired knowledge.
Through targeted walks and excursions with children through the streets at different times of the year, to observe how pedestrians and vehicles interact, to pay attention children at such important moments for safety movements: like lighting, weather, state roads, the number of pedestrians, their physical activity (walking or hurrying, running across road or calmly walk along the transition).
In winter, pay attention to slippery road: you can slip and fall; it is difficult for the driver to stop the car (even after he presses the brake, the car slips and drives a few more meters).
Visibility of learning.
Illustrations, diagrams, tables, photo and video materials are used that help children to freely present the subject being studied. This contributes to a better assimilation of the material presented.
Working with parents
1. Consultations What parents should know when they are with their child on the street, "Be polite - rules behavior in public transport, "The safety of your children in your arms» , “Parents are an example for children» etc. 2. Visual information "Safety on road» , “We study and observe traffic rules together with children”, "Baby in the car!", « typical mistakes when crossing the street and roads» etc. 3. Group meeting for acquaintance with a work plan for the prevention of child road– transport injury. 4. Participation in competitions of drawings, crafts according to traffic rules, children's holidays.
CALENDAR - THEME PLANNING
Program content
Cooperative activity
b Safety training.
1. « Walk around the city»
Target: consolidate concepts "Roadway", "Sidewalk", "Crosswalk", "Dividing Line". Get to know the concepts"Border", "Safety Island" and their purpose. Exercise in the ability to navigate in the microdistrict closest to the kindergarten, to understand this scheme. 1. D/ and "Our street". Conversation "Pavement for cars, sidewalk for pedestrians".
2. Discussion on the topic "What is the danger of standing on the roadway transport"
3. P / s "Orientation".Consideration of illustrations.
4. Conversation "The roadway. Sidewalk. island of safety".
5. Reading S. Mikhalkov "Walking Carefully", A. Dmokhovsky "Wonderful Island", V. Golovko « Traffic rules» , S. Mikhalkov "Our street".
6. Collective application "The Street I Live On".
b 2. « Traffic light»
Target: consolidate knowledge of signals traffic light: red, red and yellow at the same time, green flashing, green, yellow. introduce with additional sections traffic light: arrows right or left, their purpose and rules crossing the carriageway on their signals. Practice getting started traffic on a green traffic light only making sure all cars have stopped. 1. Discussions on the topic “How to cross the roadway at the intersection with traffic light having additional sections with arrows”, “What is the danger movements pedestrian on authorized signal traffic light»
2. P / s « Traffic light» , p/i "The quieter you go, the further you'll get"- exercise in walking, running with a stop on a signal traffic light. Reading V. Kozhevnikov « Traffic light» .
3. Modeling « Traffic light» . Making layouts traffic light.
5. Simulation of situations on the layout of the intersection and city streets.
b 3. « Road signs»
Target: consolidate knowledge about the appointment road signs. Familiarize yourself with road signs"Pedestrians Movement Prohibition» , "No entry", "Parking place", "Telephone", « Going straight, right, left", "Food Point". Continue to develop the ability to pay attention to road signs and take into account their purpose.
1. D / i "Guess What Sign" Reading I. Gurin "Tale about road signs» , G. Tsyferova "Tales on Wheels", Ya. Pishumov "It's just a sign".
2. Examination of illustrations, posters with road signs. Conversation "Our Helpers"(acquaintance with signs "Pedestrians Movement Prohibition» , "No entry", « Going straight, left, right» .
3. D / i "Who will name more road signs» , logical exercise How is one picture different from another?
4. Modeling on the street layout « Place road signs correctly» .
5. Drawing "Signs traffic» .
b 4. "Transport"
Target: to form the ability to navigate in the variety of vehicles in your microdistrict (ground, railway) . introduce with warning signals given by drivers, cycling rules. Clarify knowledge about the work of the driver.
1. Conversations about what kind of passenger transport children use with their parents. Examining the illustrations various kinds transport.
2. Reading M. Ilyin "Cars of our street", N. Nosov "Automobile".
3. Discussions on topics "What is the danger of slow moving vehicles", “What is the danger of transport passing by you”
4. Conversation « Cycling rules» . Reading M. Ilyin "Stories about cars".
5. Designing various types of transport from the constructor Lego.
6. Drawing "The bus is running road» .
b 5. Rules track, roadside"
Target: shape u children understanding of the meaning of new words: pavement, pedestrian track, curb; skills of disciplined behavior, the ability to anticipate danger; educate observation, caution. Expand knowledge children about road signs and their purpose.
1. Reading a poem by O. Bedarev "The ABC of Security", S. Mikhalkov "Walking Carefully".p/n "Go".
2. Conversation on the topic " Rules behavior on the sidewalk, pedestrian track, roadside", « Cycling rules» . Reading S. Volkov "Pro Traffic Laws» .
3. Modeling on the street layout various situations during the transition roads.
4. Drawing road signs regulating cyclist movement».
b Safety training.
6. "Controller's Signals"
Target: give initial view about the work of a police officer. Form skill recognize traffic controller gestures, their correspondence to signals traffic light.
1. A conversation about the work of a policeman - a traffic controller. Di "Gestures of the traffic controller"- display of traffic controller signals.
2. Reading and discussing the story Dorohova"Influential Wand", Ya. Pishumova "Guard".Consideration of illustrations. Reading thin. works.
3. Modeling of regulation situations movements guard - regulator. Memorizing a poem by S. Mikhalkov "Guard".
4. Paper construction "Regulator's Wand".
T 5. "We are passengers"
Target: form knowledge rules use of route transport: where the route transport is expected, the behavior of passengers during boarding, during movements and when leaving the transport, to cultivate a culture of behavior in transport.
1. Discussion on the topic “On what roads public transport stops are more dangerous - on narrow or wide? Examination of illustrations, posters, books.
2. Conversation "ABOUT rules behavior in public transport. Reading
S. Mikhalkov "Bad History".
3. Simulation of travel situations in transport - “Grandma got on the bus; a woman with heavy bags; woman with baby. Riddles about transport road signs, traffic lights.
4. Collective production of a street model for modeling situations traffic.
b 6. "We are pedestrians"
Target: expand knowledge children about the rules of behavior on the street. introduce with duties of pedestrians, traffic rules pedestrians on the sidewalk and crossing the carriageway in groups and individually.
1. Discussions on topics “Which standing vehicle is more dangerous than the others?”, “What is the danger if a child runs across road?» Reading
S. Volkov "Pro Traffic Laws» .
2. Quiz "Best Pedestrian". Simulation of situations on the layout "Arrange correct signs»
3. Reading D. Denisov "How to Cross the Street", Learning by T. Shorygin « Traffic light» .
4. Application "Pedestrians walk down the street"- exercise in the ability to cut out symmetrical shapes from paper folded in half; encourage the creation of a collective composition, reflecting the impressions of the world around.
Y 9. "Crossroads"
Target: fix the concept "Crossroads", form knowledge rules intersection crossing. introduce with views of the cross stkov: four-sided, three-sided, multi-sided. Practice applying personal experience in joint play activities.
1. Conversation "Dangerous Crossroads"- expand knowledge about features movements vehicles and pedestrians at the intersection, give an idea of "controlled intersection", O movement rules pedestrians and cars with traffic light. Di "Crossroads".
2. Discussions on the topic “How to cross the roadway at the intersection with traffic light, which has an additional section with an arrow? Reading
D. Denisov "How to go road» , "A. Dorokhov"Green, yellow, red".
3. Entertainment "Who is the most literate?"- strengthen the ability to navigate road using knowledge traffic rules for pedestrians and drivers in various practical situations.
Used Books
1. Program education and training children in kindergarten"Birth to School" edited by N. E. Veraksa. Ed. "Mosaic - Synthesis", Moscow, 2015
2. Avdeeva N. N. Security. Tutorial on the basics of life safety children of senior preschool age. - St. Petersburg. Childhood - Press, 2007
3. Poddubnaya L. B. Traffic Laws. Older And preparatory group. Ed. "Corypheus", Volgograd, 2027
4. Solomennikova O. A. Education and training in senior group kindergarten. Program And guidelines. Publishing house "Mosaic - Synthesis", Moscow, 2006.
5. Shorygina T. A. Conversations about the basics of safety with children aged 5-8 years. Ed. shopping center "Sphere", Moscow, 2008
Introduction
The norms and rules of human behavior on the road are absorbed, assimilated and implemented in the course of all his life from the moment he first goes out into the street.
Receptivity to knowledge is especially high in childhood. Skills that are acquired in childhood are developed and become sustainable. Developing and enriching life experience children, it is possible to achieve significant results in their mastery of the basic concepts, skills and abilities, which in the future will contribute to increasing the level of culture of their behavior on the streets of the city. To do this, at the stage of primary and secondary preschool age, a “Pedestrian Club” was planned. Its goal is to form the foundations of correct behavior on the roads, the assimilation of norms, the Rules of the Road and an adequate response to situations that arise in road conditions.
The proposed thematic plan of the "Pedestrian Club" is a platform on which the process of educating a competent and cultured road user is built in the future. This is one of the most important intermediate links in the child's passage from the stage of unconscious mastery of the culture of traffic to the stage of its conscious application.
Perspective plan of the Pedestrian Club
The end of the table.
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Lesson number |
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Conversation "Information about the roads" |
1. Give children the concept of "crossroads" - 2. To consolidate knowledge about the names of the streets of the city. 3. Develop observation |
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Conversation "Traffic signals" |
1. Teach children to distinguish between traffic lights. 2. To consolidate children's ideas about the street, roads. 3. Cultivate interest in listening, develop speech |
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Conversation "Signals of the traffic controller" |
1. Teach children to distinguish between traffic controller gestures. 2. To consolidate the concept of "regulator". 3. Raise organization in children |
|
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Conversation "Duties of pedestrians" |
2. Consolidate children's knowledge of road signs. 3. Cultivate friendly feelings |
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Conversation "Road signs" |
1. Teach children to distinguish between traffic signs. 2. Consolidate children's knowledge of traffic signals. 3. Cultivate the ability to behave correctly on the roads |
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Conversation "Rules for crossing streets and roads" |
1. Teach children to cross the road correctly. 2. Develop mindfulness in children. 3. Raise interest in the lesson |
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Conversation "Obligations of passengers in public transport" |
1. Teach children the rules of conduct in public transport. 2. Cultivate determination |
|
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Conversation "Introduction to the movement of organized columns" |
1. Teach children to listen. 2. Consolidate knowledge about traffic rules. 3. Raise curiosity in children |
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Conversation "Rules of cycling" |
1. Teach children the rules of cycling. 2. Consolidate knowledge about traffic rules. 3. Cultivate smart and observant pedestrians |
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Parents' conference "Prevention of child injuries - the task of the family and the public" |
1. To consolidate the knowledge of parents about traffic rules. 2. Develop parents' imagination and fiction in joint evenings - KVNakh according to traffic rules |
Approximate content of the Pedestrian Club conversations
Lesson number 1. Why you need to know and follow the rules of the road
Transport transports various cargoes necessary for factories, factories, construction sites, delivers passengers home, to work, to visit. The streets of our cities live in a certain rhythm. And for this, in order not to disturb this rhythm and mode of operation of transport, all drivers and pedestrians must comply with the Rules of the Road.
Ignorance and non-observance of these Rules often lead to accidents and accidents. Due to road accidents, traffic schedules are violated, delivery of goods to important facilities is delayed, but the worst thing is that people die and suffer as a result of accidents.
Some children grossly violate the Rules of the Road, run across the road in front of nearby vehicles, play games on the roadway, cling to cars and get injured.
In order not to find yourself in such a situation, you need to know and follow the Rules of the Road, carefully monitor the environment and obey the traffic lights.
Control questions
1. What is the role of transport in the life of the country?
2. Why do accidents happen on the roads?
3. What do you need to know and do to ensure safety?
Lesson number 2. Information about roads, intersections and roadway markings
A road is a lane reserved for traffic. Roads are dirt, gravel and asphalt (concrete). They can also be with two-way and one-way traffic. On dual carriageways, vehicles travel in two directions.
directions, and on one-way - in one. In our country, the movement of vehicles and pedestrians is right-handed.
The road consists of a carriageway and a shoulder. The carriageway is intended for traffic. Roadside - for stopping, parking and for pedestrian traffic. An intersection is a place where roads cross.
Marking is a line, inscriptions and other designations on the roadway. Marking lines are applied with white or yellow paints. They serve to facilitate the orientation of drivers and pedestrians. The center line - a white line running in the middle of the carriageway - serves to separate oncoming traffic flows. It is intermittent or continuous.
A pedestrian crossing is indicated by wide solid lines that are drawn on the carriageway parallel to the center line.
Control questions
1. What is a road?
2. Which intersection is called regulated?
3. What is the purpose of the center line?
4. How are pedestrian crossings marked?
Lesson number 3. Traffic signals
Traffic lights are used to regulate the movement of vehicles and pedestrians. The traffic light has 3 sections - 3 signals, they are located from top to bottom: red, yellow, green.
Red signal - prohibits the movement of vehicles. Yellow - prohibits pedestrians from starting to cross the street, and vehicles from entering the intersection. Pedestrians who were on the roadway must complete the crossing or stop at the "safety island". The green signal allows the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.
If the traffic light is equipped with an arrow for the direction of movement of vehicles, then traffic is allowed only when it is turned on.
Control questions
1. Location of traffic lights.
2. The meaning of each traffic light.
Lesson number 4. traffic controller signals
The signals of the traffic controller are the position of his body, gestures with his hands and a baton. The signals of the traffic controller, as well as traffic lights, must be followed by all participants in the movement.
If the traffic controller is standing with his left or right side to pedestrians, his arms are extended to the sides or lowered - this corresponds to a green traffic light, and movement across the carriageway is allowed.
If the traffic controller raises his hand or baton, then this corresponds to a yellow traffic light. In this case, pedestrians are prohibited from crossing the streets. If this signal caught a pedestrian at an intersection, then he must reach the sidewalk.
If the traffic controller is facing the pedestrians with his back or chest with outstretched or lowered arms, crossing the carriageway is prohibited.
If the traffic controller stretched his right hand forward, this means that pedestrians can cross the carriageway behind the back of the traffic controller.
At an intersection where traffic is regulated simultaneously by a traffic light and a traffic controller, you must follow the instructions of the traffic controller.
security question
What gesture of the traffic controller corresponds to a green signal, red, yellow?
Lesson number 5. Road signs
Traffic signs are installed on the roads to ensure traffic safety.
Road signs are divided into 4 groups: warning; forbidding; prescriptive; index.
Warning signs are triangular and yellow with a red border. Signs in this group warn drivers and pedestrians.
Prohibition signs are round in shape, painted yellow and have a red border around the circumference. Apply
these signs in cases where it is necessary to establish any restriction.
Mandatory signs are round and blue in color. The symbols on them are white, they allow movement only in the indicated directions.
Directional signs are rectangular, blue in color. They report on the peculiarities of the road situation or inform about the location of the objects indicated on these signs along the route.
Road signs are installed on columns, poles in order to be better seen at night.
Control questions
1. What groups are road signs divided into?
2. Appointment of road signs.
Lesson number 6. Obligations of pedestrians and rules for bypassing standing vehicles
Pedestrians are only allowed to walk on sidewalks or footpaths, keeping to the right.
In cases where there are no sidewalks, footpaths, roadsides or it is impossible to move along them, you need to walk along the edge of the carriageway and only in one row.
You can not walk on the left side of the sidewalks towards the flow of pedestrians in groups of several people in a row. You can not stop in groups on the sidewalk, it interferes with the movement.
Drivers of cars, buses can overtake each other and bypass standing cars. Transport must be bypassed from behind. The tram cannot be bypassed from behind, it must be bypassed from the front.
Control questions
1. What are the rules for pedestrian traffic?
2. Why do parked vehicles need to be passed from behind?
Lesson number 7. Rules for crossing streets and roads
For a safer crossing of the carriageway, pedestrians are assigned certain places: underpasses, pedestrian crossings, marked with lines, markings, clear signs, road signs.
Pedestrians must cross the carriageway only at pedestrian crossings, in places marked with markings or a road sign "Pedestrian crossing".
Before you start crossing the carriageway, you need to make sure that it is completely safe: first look to the left, and in the middle of the road to the right. If the traffic moves from right to left, then when crossing the street you need to look to the right. You need to cross the roadway calmly, slowly, in order to see the approaching transport.
Do not cross the road in front of nearby vehicles.
Control questions
1. How is a pedestrian crossing marked?
2. How to cross a two-way and one-way road?
Lesson number 8. Responsibilities of public transport passengers
Each passenger is obliged to comply with the rules for using public transport. It is allowed to wait for the bus only at the landing sites, and where there are none, on the sidewalk opposite the bus stop.
It is allowed to enter the bus at stops only through the back platform, and to get off - through the front one, so as not to interfere with other passengers and not delay traffic. On buses, children must give way to adults and be polite.
Passengers boarding and getting out of cars is allowed only from the sidewalk, and into the body of a truck - through the tailgate.
Passengers are forbidden to open the doors until the transport stops completely, to stand at the doors. It is forbidden to ride on footrests.
Control questions
1. Through which door should I enter the bus?
2. What are the rules for boarding and disembarking passengers?
Lesson number 9. Movement of organized columns
The movement of groups of children is only allowed on the sidewalk or footpaths. Children must be accompanied by an adult. Children walking in columns should not be out of line. At the front and at the end of the column there should be escorts. They are required to have red flags, and in the dark - lighted lanterns.
Control questions
1. Where should organized columns cross the street?
2. How should the children in the column behave?
3. What attributes should accompanying columns have?
Lesson number 10. Rules for cycling
A bicycle is a convenient and most common mode of transport. It is not allowed to ride a bike on the streets and roads for teenagers under 14 years old. The bike must have an audible signal. The cyclist must have a document confirming knowledge of traffic rules, a bicycle license plate. Cycling on the carriageway is allowed only in one row, at a distance of no more than one meter from the right edge of the road. Cyclists are allowed to ride on the side of the road. It is not forbidden for a cyclist to turn, but before turning he must give a warning signal: stretch his arm to the side or raise it up, bent at the elbow. The cyclist is prohibited from:
Ride on sidewalks.
Drive without holding the steering wheel.
Carry passengers.
Transporting cargo.
Control questions
1. At what age can you ride a bike on the road?
2. How should the bike be equipped?
