Physics exam statistics. USE results in mathematics: a series of observations

So, the exams are passed, the mountains of textbooks and notebooks are put away on the far shelves, and the sites with the results are updated daily. While you wait for your scores, we will tell you how fruitful the past year has been.

Has the rating system been revised? Updated the format of the state exam? What discipline is now popular? Read about it below.

Innovations

New tasks

The developers have introduced several questions in such subjects as the Russian language, physics, chemistry. The graduates themselves say that certification has not become more difficult because of this, on the contrary, there is a good opportunity to earn more!

Completely changed

The same can be said about informatics. Most of examination KIM has been revised and brought under modern conditions. Schoolchildren themselves are glad that common programming languages ​​are used in the tasks.

Points recalculated

In the USE, the most important thing is the criterion for setting marks and the final amount, since it is this that will affect the successful admission to the university. In social science, literature has been modernized this system. Hence the following conclusion: carefully study the updates in order to have an idea of ​​​​the scoring structure.

Became clearer

You, for sure, faced with the fact that you did not understand the meaning of the tasks and the requirements for his answers. This problem was eradicated by the introduction of more clear and specific wording in the description of the test question and the assessment criteria. This applies to foreign, social science, physics.

USE statistics 2018

In 2018, 731 thousand Russian schoolchildren took part in state tests. Of these, 645,000 are graduates of previous years. This is significantly more than last year.

As usual, “society” turned out to be the most relevant, it was chosen by 62% of the guys. This discipline will be required for the humanitarian, social and pedagogical areas of universities. It can be assumed that the competition here will be high, and therefore the best of the best will be able to enter. We must not forget that the number budget places predominantly decreases annually.

Natural science subjects exceeded the figures of 2017. Physics became the second most popular exam - 29% of high school students (the value increased by 2%).

25% of schoolchildren signed up for biology, which was unexpected for Rosobrnadzor specialists. A significantly smaller number of future applicants wanted to take history - 24%.

17% passed Chemistry, 15% English, 14% Computer Science, 11% Literature.

What are the results?

So far no one knows. The verification is still ongoing, the forms are scanned, the scores are affixed, but not published, and the participants in the state exams are in an anxious wait. However, tentative dates have already been published when everyone will know how hard they prepared. The first will be geography - June 15th.

But do you know why the check takes so long?

On average, 15-19 days pass from the moment of leaving the audience to receiving a score on the computer screen.

3-4 days the forms are scanned, the information received is recognized and checked against the records for correctness. Scans without a membership number are checked regionally.

7-8 - checking for federal level(it is precisely because of this that ninth-graders find out their results for the OGE before eleventh-graders - they do not have this level). There is a recheck, after which the work is returned to their regions.

1-4 - the final results are approved and the publication itself takes place.

In this regard, before swearing at a long wait, remember this long chain that your work goes through.

Expectations from the USE 2019?

Official sources claim that the state certification will not see changes in the near future. Well, we just have to wait. We will inform you about future innovations as soon as possible so that you have time to prepare to the maximum!

The Unified State Exam in Russian is a mandatory exam. In total, 616,590 people took part in the main period of the USE in the Russian language in 2017 (in 2016 - 658,392 people; in 2015 - 672,407 people).

USE results in the Russian language in 2017 are generally comparable with the results USE past years.

On the official website of FIPI in the section "Analytical and teaching materials"published" Guidelines for teachers prepared on the basis of the analysis common mistakes USE participants 2017", this is where you can find information about Which GPA USE in Russian was in 2017.

Download document.

Table 1

Average USE score in the Russian language 2015 - 2017

The share of examinees who scored 100 points on the exam results remained unchanged compared to 2016 - 0.5%. The share of high scorers also remains stable: 25.5% in 2016 and 25% in 2017.

In 2017, the share of graduates who did not pass minimum threshold(who did not receive the minimum (24) test score): from 0.99% (2016) to 0.54% (2017). The main reasons for the decline in the share of such participants in the Russian language include the successful implementation of the system of measures of Rosobrnadzor to improve the quality of teaching the Russian language in the subjects Russian Federation. Data on the change in the number and share of 100-point students in 2015–2017 are given in table. 2.

table 2

Overall performance statistics individual tasks allows you to identify the main problems in the preparation of examinees in the Russian language. As in previous years, the sections of the course related to the formation of communicative competence remain insufficiently learned. Insufficiently developed skills of analytical work with the word and text, the lack of sufficient practice in the analysis of linguistic phenomena also affect the quality of writing an essay-reasoning. Graduates experience the greatest difficulties when applying punctuation and spelling norms in written speech.

An interesting article is presented on the site "Teach at School" Average USE score 2017 in Russian, based on other data from the Internet.

The unified state exam in mathematics in our country is required to be taken by every student graduating from the course high school. We will not go into details of possible changes in the form of the exam and those exceptional cases when a graduate, being a winner, for example, All-Russian Olympiad, automatically receives 100 points for the exam.

Consider the results of the Unified state exam in mathematics in previous years, when it contained at the same time and completely simple tasks, and complicated, but solved by graduates of ordinary schools, and very complex, requiring special training. Based on the statistics published on the Official information portal Unified State Exam ( http://ege.edu.ru/ru/main/satistics-ege/), the picture is as follows:

Results of a recent exam in mathematics

In fact, the entire 11th grade (and sometimes even longer) is preparing for the final exam, which for some of them is also an entrance exam. And what's the bottom line? The majority of graduates wrote the Unified State Exam with 51-60 points (26%), the percentage of “twos” is very noticeable (up to 20 points, this is about 6.2% or almost 50,000 people!), And only 0.7% of all students were able to pass the Unified State Examination by 91-100 points! And in general, only 8% of all children who graduated from 11 grades of secondary school were able to pass on worthy scores (more than 70), which are necessary for admission to the leading universities of the country.

It is interesting to compare the results of the USE in mathematics with the results of the USE in the Russian language.

USE results in mathematics and Russian language

We see that it was incomparably easier to successfully pass the Russian language. The break in points occurs in the region of 60. This is also shown by the average score: in Russian - 63.4, in mathematics - 48.7.

At the same time, the paper was written for 100 points: in the Russian language - 2559 people, and in mathematics - 538 (i.e., almost five times less), which is less than 0.07% of all results.

It is in mathematics that the lowest percentage of maximum results among all subjects taken in USE form! And this is still an “optimistic” statistic! Not so long ago, after a series of scandals around the Unified State Examination, high results were carefully rechecked, and as a result, only 64 people received the maximum score in mathematics - 8.4 times less than the year before! As a result of inspections, the share of graduates who passed more than 80 points also decreased.

Now let's look at the results of graduates of the same year who were trained at Mathematushka. More than 70 points were scored by 32 people, of which: 71-80 - 19 people, 81-90 - 9 people, 91-100 - 4 people.

Now they are students of the Moscow state university them. M.V. Lomonosov, National research institute « graduate School Economics, Russian University of Economics them. G.V. Plekhanov, Moscow state institute international relations(MGIMO), Moscow State technical university them. N.E. Bauman, Federal University under the government of the Russian Federation and other prestigious universities of our capital.

Among the graduates of "Matematushka" there is also a 100-point result for the Unified State Examination. Ivan Pavlov received it in the year when only 157 people from 43 regions of Russia passed the exam for the maximum score. It is logical that among all the faculties Ivan chose the Mechanics and Mathematics Department of Moscow State University. Very close to this result was Konstantin Slavnov, who entered the faculty of the VMIK of Moscow State University. He passed the Unified State Examination by 98% (then 214 people passed 100 points in the Unified State Examination in mathematics, which accounted for 0.03% of all graduates).

Thus, "Matematushka" carefully prepares its graduates, and they successfully pass the Unified State Examination not only for high, but even for maximum points! What, as can be seen from USE statistics, is a very, very rare result.

Recently, a new wave of the unified state exam has started, and for those 8 years that the USE has been in a mandatory mode, the controversy around it has not subsided. In this article, we make an attempt to show the dynamics of the average USE scores in Russian language and mathematics in the regions, as well as explain what regional differences in exam results may be related to.

The data presented here is collected from open sources. The results of the USE were obtained from the regional websites of educational departments and centers for assessing the quality of education. Other indicators are collected on the websites of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Rosstat, and the Federal Treasury.

USE results: regional differences

If you look at the map, you can see that the highest average scores in both the Russian language and mathematics show the regions of the Central federal district. In 2015, Orenburg and Samara region, and Perm region, By specialized mathematics- Republic of Kalmykia, Perm Territory and Udmurtia. The lowest results, contrary to stereotypes, are observed not in the North Caucasian regions, but in the Far East.

Of particular interest is the dynamics of the USE results in the regions. It is incorrect to compare scores by years directly - over the years, the exam has experienced many changes. For example, in 2013, during the massive leaks of answers, the scores of participants in the whole country were higher, and in 2014, after tightening security measures, they fell. With this in mind, we looked at the position of the regions relative to the average score in Russia and used standardized z-scores. In other words, we compared the dynamics of the regions relative to the national average. The results of the regions in 2010 and 2014 were compared, since during this period the content and structure of the exam were the most stable.

In general, a significant (more than one standard deviation) growth over these five years was demonstrated by 16 subjects of the Russian Federation in mathematics, and 11 subjects of the Russian Federation in the Russian language. Basically, these are the regions that in 2010 showed results below the average. A serious decrease in scores occurred in mathematics in 6, and in the Russian language in 3 regions - where in 2010 there were enough high scores. In the subjects of the Russian Federation with average results, there were no significant changes in scores.

Factors of Regional Differences in USE Results

2009-2014:

In order to understand what explains the results of the USE in mathematics and in the Russian language in 2009-2014, we analyzed their relationship with a number of regional characteristics. The focus was, firstly, on the role of resource support for schools, and secondly, on the role of family resources.

School resources are largely determined by the amount of public funding. If per capita school funding is adjusted for inflation and differences between regions in the cost of living, then the increase in this indicator from 2006 to 2013 was about 40 percent. At the same time, the maximum gap in per capita financing over the same period slightly decreased - from 6 to 5 times. The largest increase in school funding occurred in 2012, when the “May Decrees of the President” were adopted.

Changes in school funding are important for student outcomes. According to our estimates, regions with a higher level of per capita funding show higher average USE scores in mathematics (with an equal level of economic development, incomes of the population and a number of other characteristics of the regions). According to the Russian language, there was a significant correlation between the results of the USE and per capita funding (taking into account other regional indicators) in 2009-2014. not detected. In part, this can be explained by the fact that the social characteristics of families play a large role in the results in the Russian language.

The main share in the budget financing of schools is teachers' salaries. At the same time, the dynamics of their salaries relative to the average level of wages in the region is important. In general, this trend has been positive. The most significant increase in the relative salaries of teachers was observed in 2008 and 2012-2013, with a slight decrease in 2007 and 2010.

According to our estimates, the level of teachers' salaries relative to the average salary in the region is positively associated with the regional results of the Unified State Examination in both the Russian language and mathematics. What teachers will come to schools and with what attitude they will work depends on wages. For example, data from the 2012 PISA survey of school principals shows that teachers in regions with higher relative salaries are more motivated, enthusiastic, and driven to achieve.

In addition to the state, families invest in the education of children. The resources of families are determined by their income. Our analysis shows that in regions with a high level of poverty (the share of people with incomes below the subsistence level), the USE results are lower. High level income inequality within the region also has a negative impact on average USE scores (with an equal level of budgetary funding for schools and a number of other regional characteristics).

In other words, family resources are also important for improving the educational achievements of schoolchildren. At the same time, in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with low incomes, the resources of regional budgets, and hence the funding of schools, are on average lower.

In general, at this stage, equalizing the level of budgetary funding of schools between regions is not enough to equalize the scores of children.

2015:

If we talk about the results of 2015, then the gap between the regions with the minimum and maximum average USE scores can be 28 points in the Russian language and 16 in mathematics. Socio-economic characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (gross regional product, school funding per student, share of the population with higher education, as well as the share of the urban population) explain the average USE score in mathematics by 25 percent and the average USE score in Russian by 34 percent. Children from less prosperous regions are less likely to score high on exams than those who live in more economically developed parts of the country. Moreover, in the Russian language, this gap is somewhat larger than in mathematics.

Almost to the same extent (28 percent in mathematics and 30 percent in Russian) the average scores in the regions are explained by the characteristics of schools and teachers. It is important to take into account how many children in the region go to college after grade 9, and how many remain in high school and take the exam. As our analysis shows, in schools where less than half of the ninth-graders remain in the upper grades, the results are also higher than in those where the selection (or self-selection) of children is less strict.

Teacher characteristics also matter. In all regions, teachers with completed higher education predominate, however, where there are more than 80 percent of such teachers, the results of the USE of students are higher. But the connection of the results with the category of the teacher was not so unambiguous - top results among graduates in regions where the proportion of teachers with the highest category varies from 22 to 30 percent.

Thus, our analysis shows how unequal the chances of students from different regions for high USE scores are. By the way, the average results of Moscow schoolchildren on the Unified State Examination are 13 points higher in specialized mathematics and 5 points higher in the Russian language than those of schoolchildren from the Republic of Buryatia.

In general, the economic and educational characteristics of the regions determine the USE scores by 64 percent in the Russian language and by 53 percent in mathematics. At the same time, these factors are outside the sphere of influence of teachers and schools themselves, so it is incorrect to evaluate them by this result.

conclusions

As our analysis shows, in Russia there are rather large regional differences in educational outcomes schoolchildren. These differences can determine the future fate of children, including affecting admission to universities.

In many ways, this difference is related to the extent to which schoolchildren are provided with educational resources. Inequality of resources exists both at the level of families and at the level of public funding of schools. Often one accompanies the other.

Our analysis does not account for variation in scores single exam within the regions, although this task seems to be extremely useful in developing measures educational policy. Such analysis requires access to anonymized USE data for researchers. In developed countries, the results of such tests are used to analyze and develop management decisions, and it is important to use this experience in Russia as well.

The USE, as an objective tool for evaluating school graduates, showed the existence of a problem with inequality in education. It is impossible to place the entire responsibility for solving this problem on the exam itself or teachers. Equalization of educational opportunities is a task of state policy.