Necessary materials for oge in social studies. Preparation for the GIA in social studies (Brief theory). Sphere of politics and social management

In a reference book addressed to graduates of grade 9 educational organizations, the material of the course "Social Studies" is presented in the volume checked at the main state exam.
The structure of the book corresponds to the modern codifier of content elements in the subject, on the basis of which the control measuring materials of the OGE are compiled.
The content lines of the course are grouped into six blocks-modules: "Man and Society", "Sphere of Spiritual Culture", "Economics", "Social Sphere", "Sphere of Politics and social management”, “Right”.
Completeness, compactness, clarity and clarity of presentation provide maximum efficiency in preparing for the exam.
Job Samples different type and all levels of difficulty (basic, advanced and high), answers to them and an indication of the approximate time for their completion will help to objectively assess the level of knowledge and skills.

Examples.
What is characteristic of both man and animal?
1) world transformation
2) accumulation of knowledge
3) the need for rest
4) striving for beauty

Paul is in second grade. secondary school. In his free time, he likes to play board games. Compare the two forms of activity mentioned in the condition of the assignment - learning and play. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences.
1) promotes personality development
2) imitates real actions
3) equips with systemic knowledge and skills
4) helps to understand the world around

Content
Preface 6
BLOCK MODULE 1. INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY
Topic 1.1. Society as a form of human life 12
Topic 1.2. Interaction of society and nature 14
Topic 1.3. Main areas public life, their relationship 16
Topic 1.4. Biological and social in man 17
Topic 1.5. Personality. Features of adolescence 19
Topic 1.6. Human activity, its main forms (labor, play, learning) 23
Topic 1.7. Man and his immediate environment. Interpersonal relationships. Communication 30
Topic 1.8. Interpersonal conflicts, their constructive resolution 40
BLOCK MODULE 2. SPHERE OF SPIRITUAL CULTURE
Topic 2.1. The sphere of spiritual culture and its features 43
Topic 2.2. Science in life modern society 44
Topic 2.3. Education and its importance in the information society. Opportunities to obtain general and vocational education V Russian Federation 48
Topic 2.4. Religion, religious organizations and associations, their role in the life of modern society. Freedom of conscience 52
Topic 2.5. Moral 58
Topic 2.6. Humanism. Patriotism, citizenship 61
BLOCK MODULE 3. ECONOMY
Topic 3.1. Economy, its role in the life of society 65
Topic 3.2. Goods and services, resources and needs, limited resources 68
Topic 3.3. Economic systems and property 72
Topic 3.4. Production, labor productivity. Division of labor and specialization 78
Topic 3.5. Exchange, trade 83
Topic 3.6. Market and market mechanism 85
Topic 3.7. Entrepreneurship. Small business and farming 92
Topic 3.8. Money 103
Topic 3.9. Wages and incentives 107
Topic 3.10. Income inequality and economic measures of social support 111
Topic 3.11. Taxes paid by citizens 115
Topic 3.12. Economic goals and functions of the state 119
BLOCK MODULE 4. SOCIAL SPHERE
Topic 4.1. social structure society 122
Topic 4.2. family like small group. Relations between generations 124
Topic 4.3. Manifold social roles in adolescence 127
Topic 4.4. Social values and norms 130
Topic 4.5. Deviant behavior. The danger of drug addiction and alcoholism for a person and society. social significance healthy lifestyle life 134
Topic 4.6. social conflict and ways to solve it. 138
Topic 4.7. Interethnic relations 142
BLOCK MODULE 5. AREA OF POLICY AND SOCIAL GOVERNANCE
Topic 5.1. Power. The role of politics in the life of society 146
Topic 5.2. The concept and features of the state 148
Topic 5.3. Separation of powers 151
Topic 5.4. State forms 153
Topic 5.5. Political regime. Democracy 157
Topic 5.6. Local government 162
Topic 5.7. Participation of citizens in political life 167
Topic 5.8. Elections, referendum 169
Topic 5.9. Political parties and movements, their role in public life 173
Topic 5.10. Civil society and the rule of law 178
BLOCK MODULE 6. RIGHT
Topic 6.1. Law, its role in the life of society and the state 187
Topic 6.2. Rule of law. Normative legal act 188
Topic 6.3. The concept of legal relations 192
Topic 6.4. Signs and types of offenses. The concept and types of legal liability 195
Topic 6.5. Constitution of the Russian Federation. Fundamentals of the constitutional order of the Russian Federation 200
Topic 6.6. Federal structure of Russia 206
Topic 6.7. State authorities of the Russian Federation 209
Topic 6.8. Law enforcement agencies. Judicial system. Relations between public authorities and citizens 219
Topic 6.9. The concept of rights, freedoms and duties. Rights and freedoms of man and citizen in Russia, their guarantees. Constitutional duties of citizens 223
Topic 6.10. The rights of the child and their protection. Peculiarities legal status minors 227
Topic 6.11. The mechanism for the implementation and protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen 230
Topic 6.12. International legal protection of victims armed conflicts 233
Topic 6.13. Civil relations. Ownership. Consumer rights 236
Topic 6.14. Family relations. Rights and obligations of parents and children 245
Topic 6.15. The right to work and labor relations. Employment of minors 254
Topic 6.16. Administrative legal relations, offenses and punishments 259
Topic 6.17. Basic concepts and institutions of criminal law. Criminal liability of minors 263
Training option examination work in social studies 271
Answers 282
Literature 285.

Free download e-book V convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book Social Studies, A complete guide to preparing for the OGE, Grade 9, Baranov P.A., 2016 - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

Social science, A large collection of thematic tasks for preparing for the main state exam, Baranov P.A., 2018

Human and society

Interaction of society and nature. spheres of public life. Personality. Human activity. Interpersonal relationships.
Sphere of spiritual culture

Science in the life of society. Education and its importance. Religion and freedom of conscience. Morality. Humanism. Patriotism.
Economy

The role of the economy in the life of society. Goods and services. resources and needs. Economic systems. Production and labor productivity. Exchange and trade. market mechanism. Entrepreneurship. Money. Income. Taxes (in this part of the program, one of the main problems of schoolchildren is solved - the inability to solve economic problems).
Social sphere

The social structure of society. Family. Social values and norms. social conflict. International relations.
Sphere of politics and social management

Power. State forms. Political regime. Participation of citizens in political life. Elections, referendum. Political parties and movements. Civil society and the rule of law.
Right

Rules of law. Offenses. Legal liability. The constitutional system of the Russian Federation. Federal structure of the Russian Federation. State authorities of the Russian Federation. Law enforcement agencies. Protection of human rights and freedoms. Civil relations. Family relations. Labor relations. Administrative relations. Criminal law (in this section, schoolchildren have a lot of confusion in terms - we give information in a convenient circuit form).
Work with text

State final certification of 2019 in social studies (society) for graduates of the 9th grade educational institutions is carried out in order to assess the level of general education of graduates in this discipline. The tasks check the following skills and methods of action within the framework of the discipline of social science:

Describe the main social objects, highlighting them essential features; man as a socially active being; basic social roles.
Compare social objects, judgments about society and man; identify them common features and differences.
Explain the relationship of the studied social objects (including the interaction of society and nature, man and society, spheres of public life, citizen and state.
Give examples of social objects of a certain type, social relations; situations regulated various types social norms; activities of people in various fields.
Evaluate people's behavior in terms of social norms, economic rationality.
Solve, within the framework of the studied material, cognitive and practical tasks that reflect typical situations in various fields of human activity.
Search social information By given topic from its various media (media materials, educational text and other adapted sources).

Dates for passing the OGE in social studies (society) 2019:
May 30 (Thursday), June 4 (Tuesday).

There are no changes in the structure and content of the examination paper in 2019 compared to 2018.

In this section you will find online tests to help you prepare for passing the OGE(GIA) in social studies (society). We wish you success!

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 20 of these 25 tasks offer answers. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. For tasks in which the answer options by the compilers of real control measuring materials(KIM) are not provided, we have significantly increased the number of answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 20 of these 25 tasks offer answers. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. For tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (CMM), we have significantly increased the number of answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, only 20 of these 25 tasks offer answers. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the site administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. For tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (CMM), we have significantly increased the number of answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in social studies contains two parts. The first part contains 25 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 6 tasks for which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 25 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current structure of the exam, among these 25 tasks, only 20 answers are offered. However, for the convenience of passing the tests, the website administration decided to offer answers in all tasks. However, for tasks in which answer options are not provided by the compilers of real control and measuring materials (KIMs), we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will encounter at the end of the school year.

When completing tasks A1-A20, select only one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A20, choose only one correct option.

We present to your attention the section on preparing for the OGE in Social Studies. This subject is the third most popular after the compulsory and the first most popular among elective exams. We are pleased to provide you with the most useful and necessary material for each task with a detailed explanation and theory. We are sure that this section will help you pass the exam in social studies in grade 9 with excellent marks!

General information about the exam

The OGE in social studies consists of two parts, which in total contain 31 tasks.

First part contains 25 tasks with brief answer. Second part - 6 tasks with deployed answer.

For the implementation of the examination work in social science is given 3 hours(180 minutes). Answers to tasks 1-20 are written as one digit, which corresponds to the number of the correct answer. Answers to tasks 21-25 are written as a sequence of numbers in the answer field in the text of the work.

Part 2 includes the text and 6 tasks for it. To complete these tasks, you must:

select the required information from the text
disclose (including examples) its individual provisions
correlate the information from the text with the knowledge gained during the course
apply existing knowledge to analyze social situations
express and justify your own opinion.

Answers to the tasks of part 2 are recorded on separate sheet. When performing tasks Can use draft. Draft entries do not count towards the evaluation of the work.

Theory for the OGE in Social Studies

Brief theory for the successful completion of tasks (recommended for reading before analyzing options).

The main state exam in social studies is one of the elective tests that students can take at the end of grade 9. This subject is chosen by those students who decide to continue their studies in the 10th grade with a humanitarian bias or decide to enter secondary special educational establishments for the humanities.

Also, the OGE can be the first step in preparing for the delivery of a unified state exam in this subject at the end of full schooling.

Peculiarities

You have 3 hours to complete all items of the exam. In order for it to be read out as completed, you must score at least 15 points - this corresponds to a "satisfactory" rating. 25 - 33 points - the range for a solid four. Maximum amount, which can be earned - 39 (from 34 rating "excellent"). There are no permitted visual materials and aids for this type of OGE; only a form with texts and a pen can be placed on the examinee's table.

The structure of the main state exam provides for the execution of tasks of two types - there are 31 in total.

The first part includes 25 tests (numbered 1-25) that require a short answer. Here you will find options in which you need to choose the only correct option from those offered, correlate the terms and their definitions, indicate correct sequence actions and so on.

The second part is 6 tasks for which you need to give a full detailed answer. These are questions numbered from 26 to 31. For example, an informational text is given that you need to carefully read and then answer a series of questions.

Preparation algorithm

Repeat all sections school curriculum- for this you can use textbooks, teaching aids or own notes;
Study various demonstration materials and additional literature - they can be found in specialized stores or on the Internet;
Use online OGE tests- they can be found on thematic sites, including ours. They will help to consolidate what they have learned and simulate the format of work as close as possible to the real exam. This will help you master the sequence of all actions and give confidence on the test itself.

How are the results evaluated?

From 1 to 21 numbers are worth 1 point, the same number in questions 23-25. For number 22 they get 2 - if everything is correct, 1 - if there is one error, 0 - if there are two or more of them. The result of the second part depends on the correctness and completeness of the answers. Questions 26-28, 30 and 31 bring a maximum of 2, with incomplete disclosure of the topic - 1. No. 29 with high-quality performance will add 3 points.