Demonstration options for the OGE in social studies (grade 9). OGE in social studies Demo version of GIA in social studies

The manual contains 10 variants of standard test items for the 2016 Main State Exam.
The author of the tasks is a leading scientist, teacher and methodologist who is directly involved in the development of control measuring materials OGE.
The purpose of the manual is to develop the practical skills of students in preparing for the exam (in new form) in the 9th grade in social studies.
The book provides answers to all test options. Detailed instructions for checking and evaluating student work are provided.
The manual is intended for teachers and methodologists who use tests to prepare students for the Basic state exam, as well as for self-training and self-control of students in grade 9 of the basic school.

Examples.
Society, like nature,
1) is a system
2) forms the biological habitat of a person
3) purposefully improved
4) creates spiritual values

Mastering socially valuable qualities, developing one's own position reflect the process of becoming a person, primarily as
1) individual
2) personality
3) individuality
4) community member

The government has come up with a proposal to introduce tax incentives for small businesses. This fact can be seen as an example of the relationship
1) rights and policies
2) economics and entrepreneurship
3) politics and science
4) economics and politics

CONTENT
Work instructions
Option 1
Part 1
Part 2
Option 2
Part 1
Part 2
Option 3
Part 1
Part 2
Option 4
Part 1
Part 2
Option 5
Part 1
Part 2
Option 6
Part 1
Part 2
Option 7
Part 1
Part 2
Option 8
Part 1
Part 2
Option 9
Part 1
Part 2
Option 10
Part 1
Part 2
Grading system examination work in social studies
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
Option 5
Option 6
Option 7
Option 8
Option 9
Option 10.

Free download e-book V convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book OGE 2016, Social studies, Grade 9, Typical test tasks, Lazebnikova A.Yu. - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.

• OGE 2020, Social studies, grade 9, 10 options, Typical test tasks, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Koval T.V.
• OGE 2020, Social studies, grade 9, 10 options. Typical test tasks, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Koval T.V.
• OGE 2019, Social studies, grade 9, 32 options, Typical test tasks, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Koval T.V., Rutkovskaya E.L.
• OGE 2019, Social studies, grade 9, 40 options, Typical test tasks, Lazebnikova A.Yu., Koval T.V., Rutkovskaya E.L., Kalacheva E.N.

On the official site Federal Institute pedagogical measurements(FIPI) published demonstration OGE options in social studies (grade 9) for 2009 - 2020.

Demo Options contain tasks of three types: tasks where you need to choose one of the proposed answers, tasks where you need to give a short answer, and tasks where you need to give a detailed answer. For tasks of the first and second types, the correct answers are given, and for tasks of the third type, the content of the correct answer and evaluation criteria are given.

IN

Reduced from 6 to 4

Demonstration options for the OGE in social studies

Note that demo versions of the OGE in social studies are presented in pdf format, and to view them you need to have installed, for example, the freely distributed software package Adobe Reader on your computer.

Primary score recalculation scale

• for completing the exam 2020 in the mark on a five-point scale;
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2019 in the mark on a five-point scale;
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2018 in the mark on a five-point scale;
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2017 in the mark on a five-point scale;
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2016 on a five-point scale.
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2015 on a five-point scale.
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2014 on a five-point scale.
• primary score scale for completing the exam 2013 on a five-point scale.

Changes in demo options in social studies

In 2014 in demo version of the OGE in social studiesthe system of assessment of task B5 has been changed: it began to be evaluated not 2, but 1 point.

In 2015 in demo version of the OGE in social studies was variant structure changed:

The variant began to consist in two parts.

Numbering assignments has become through throughout the variant without letters A, B, C.

The form of recording the answer in tasks with a choice of answers has been changed: the answer has become necessary to write digit with the number of the correct answer(not circled).

IN demo version of the OGE 2016 in social studies compared to 2015 demo There were no substantive changes. only the order of several tasks in part 1 has been changed.

IN demo versions of the OGE 2017 - 2019 in social studies compared to 2016 demo there were no changes.

IN demo version of the OGE 2020 in social studies compared to the demonstration version of 2019, the analytical component of KIM was strengthened: most tasks require an analysis of practical situations, the ability to reason, explain, argue, express one’s opinion based on the facts of social life, personal social experience and social science knowledge. IN demo version 2020 in social studies

Reduced from 6 to 4 assignment of a mini-test on the text.

Demo 2016 Option 1

1. Significant aspect transformations public life carried out by the authorities are called

1) revolution 2) progress 3) evolution 4) reforms

2. The social essence of a person is due to his need for ...

1) self-realization 2) self-preservation 3) breathing 4) nutrition

3. Country A provided humanitarian assistance to country Z, which was affected by the flood. Interaction of what spheres of society illustrates this example?

1) political and economic 2) economic and social

3) economic and spiritual 4) political and social

4. Are the following judgments about the individual and society correct?

A. Society and the social environment are able to influence the personality in both directions - suppressing and developing it. B. There is a direct relationship between the development of the individual and society.

5. Popular among the population of the state of Azerbaijan are those works of culture that are understandable and accessible to all ages, to all sections of the population, regardless of the level of education. Although these works are not of great artistic value, they have the widest audience. Name this form of culture.

1) elite 2) popular 3) dominant 4) mass

6. Are the following judgments about the education system in the Russian Federation correct?

A. Availability of the main general education enables a person to enter an institution of higher professional education.

B. The presence of secondary general education allows a person to enter institutions of secondary and higher professional education.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

7 . Company Z is engaged in the protection of individuals and enterprises. Labor as a factor of production of a firm includes (-its) ...

1) means of communication 2) clients of the company 3) building of the company 4) staff

8 . The economic sphere of society, in addition to the production, exchange, consumption of material goods, includes

1) creation of spiritual values ​​2) exchange of cultural achievements

3) distribution of material wealth 4) preservation of traditions and customs

9. In the country of M., all washing powders are produced in three giant enterprises. Large enterprises absorb small ones in other areas of production. This shows the process

1) privatization 2) nationalization 3) monopolization 4) standardization

10. Are the following statements about economic choice correct?

A. At the core economic choice most often lies the desire of the subject to satisfy the existing needs as fully as possible. B. The problem of economic choice is due to the limited economic resources.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

11. The nationality of a person is a characteristic of his

1) natural status 2) social role

3) achieved status 4) public prestige

12. IN medieval Europe there was a proverb: he is not worthy to be a man who is not the master of his wife. It reflects family relationships.

1) patriarchal 2) democratic 3) incomplete 4) partnership

13. Are the following statements about ethnic groups correct? A. Tribes, nationalities, nations are types of ethnic groups.

B. Members of any ethnic community are united by the unity of language, beliefs and citizenship.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

14. A political regime characterized by the concentration of all power in the hands of one person or body of political power and the reduction of the role of other institutions is

1) liberal 2) democratic 3) revolutionary 4) authoritarian

15. A distinctive feature of a federal state is 1) the election of the highest bodies of state power 2) the supremacy of executive power 3) the presence of local governments 4) the presence in the territorial entities of their own authorities

16. Are the following statements about the rule of law correct?

A. For the rule of law is characterized by the presence of a developed civil society.

B. The main difference between a rule of law state is an extensive system of legislation.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

17. The mechanism of state coercion, acting against offenders, is

1) legal capacity 2) legal relationship 3) legal consciousness 4) legal responsibility

18. The joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its subjects is (-s)

1) management of federal state property 2) general issues of upbringing, education, science 3) judiciary, prosecutor's office 4) state awards and honorary titles RF

19. Vasily signed a contract for the construction of a country house, but the workers of the construction company violated the deadlines. What branch of law was violated in this situation?

1) administrative law 2) labor law 3) criminal law 4) civil law

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

20. Are the following judgments about the authorities of the Russian Federation correct?

A. The law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation are formed through popular elections on the basis of equal and direct suffrage. B. The judicial bodies of the Russian Federation are included in the system of executive power of the Russian Federation.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

21. Compare elections and referendum. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences: 1) secret voting of citizens; 2) citizens express their approval or disapproval of any decision, law; 3) voting for candidates for public office; 4) only adult citizens have the right to vote.

22. Establish a correspondence between functions and government institutions or an official in Russian Federation that perform them: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

23. Read the given text, each position of which is marked with a letter.

(A) Since the early 2000s in country Z are political reforms. (B) It is gratifying that in the course of the reforms new political parties have appeared, funds have become free to operate mass media. (B) Opinion polls have shown that the majority of citizens support the government's policies.

Determine which provisions of the text: 1) reflect the facts; 2) express opinions.

24. Sociologists conducted a survey of adult citizens of the city Z. They were asked the question: “Which of the ways to resolve social conflicts is the most effective? ". The survey results are presented in the form of a diagram.

1) Approximately half of the respondents believe that state mediation is the most effective way to resolve the conflict.

2) The absolute majority - 97% do not consider concession to be an effective means of resolving conflicts.

3) The refusal of all conflicting parties from mutual claims is considered less effective than a long confrontation in the conflict.

4) Only 3% of respondents believe that concessions by one of the parties can help resolve the social conflict.

5) Most effective way resolving social conflicts, the respondents consider the rejection of mutual claims.

25. Students of grades 9 “A” and 9 “B” solved a social science problem: “15-year-old Ivan is in grade 9. He wants to work in his spare time. Does he have the right to conclude an employment contract? The results of the task completion (in % of the number of those who solved the task) are shown in the table.

The results of the task, presented in the table, were analyzed by the school administration. Which of the following conclusions follow directly from the information obtained from the results of the work?

Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) The students did not understand the meaning of the task.

2) Ninth graders don't like social science lessons.

3) In both classes, additional time must be allocated to study the relevant articles of the Labor Code.

4) Most students of both classes are ready to combine study with work.

5) Significant proportions of students in both classes do not know the rules for concluding an employment contract with underage workers.

Culture is everything that is not nature; everything that man artificially created himself. But at the same time, culture is always unfolding and exists only on the basis of nature. If we call culture the brain, then nature is the body of culture. We must keep and protect this body if we want to stay alive. Culture also includes the relationship of man to nature.

Since ancient times, there have been two approaches to the world around us - theoretical and mythopoetic. The latter is most clearly expressed in art, but is by no means its monopoly. The mythopoetic perception of the world was dominant in archaic and ancient cultures.

One can see the world around us, the earth as a warehouse of minerals, as a storehouse of energy, and this would be theoretically quite reasonable, but not a cultural attitude. A cultured person sees in nature not just dead matter, not just the earth as a source of crops, but also the earth as a mother. This is not a naive mistake, but a deep insight into the essence of nature. If we can't rate it. not because they grew up and became smart, but because they became one-sided, flat people and, in this sense, uncultured. “One spring morning,” said the famous naturalist G. Fechner, “I went out for a walk. The fields turned green, the birds sang, the dew shone... on all things lay the light, as it were, of some kind of transfiguration. It was only a small piece of the Earth; it was only one moment of her existence; and yet, as my gaze embraced her more and more, it seemed to me not so beautiful, but so sure and clear that she was an angel, an angel so beautiful and fresh, and like a flower, and yet so steadily, moving in the heavens so in harmony with himself, turning his whole living face to Heaven, and carrying me along with him into this Heaven - that I asked myself how people's opinions can be so alienated from life that people consider the earth only dry lump ... ".

26. Highlight the main semantic parts of the text. Give a title to each of them (make a text plan).

28 . What two approaches to the world are given in the text? Briefly explain the meaning of each.

29 . Illustrate the position of the text with three examples: “Culture is everything that is not nature; everything that man artificially created himself.

30 . The text contains a fragment of the story of the famous naturalist G. Fechner. Which of the two approaches to the world does this story correspond to? Support your opinion with a piece of text.

31. How are internal culture and man's attitude to nature related? Based on the text and social science knowledge, give two explanations.

Demo 2016 Option 2

Part 1.

1 . A distinctive trend in the development of modern society is

2 . The call to “do something good every day” refers to the area

3 . Anna Petrovna is an active and creative person. She initiated the subbotnik in her yard. This characterizes her as

4 . Are the following judgments about spheres of public life correct?

A. The economic sphere regulates the organization of state power.

B. The economic sphere ensures the satisfaction of the material needs of society.

5. What are the types of art?

6 . Are the following judgments about education in the Russian Federation correct?

A. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees free basic general education to citizens.

B. The Russian Federation provides for the possibility of free higher education on a competitive basis.

7 . In a market economy, as opposed to a command economy

1. production resources are freely sold and bought
2. fixed exchange rate of the official currency
3. leading positions are occupied by state property
4. economic proportions are formed

8 . Indirect taxes are

9 . In 1992, federal budget revenues amounted to 350 billion rubles,

And the costs are 357 billion rubles. These data indicate

10 . Are the following statements about private property correct?

A. The transfer of state property into private hands is called nationalization.

B. Private property is the basis of a command economy.

11 . Both class and nation

1. have sovereignty
2. are an element of the social structure
3. characterized by a certain place in the production system
4. exercise public authority

12 . At the beginning of the last century, 75% of the working population of Russia were peasants, 10% worked as workers in the manufacturing industry, less than 1% were employed in public service. These data characterize:

13 . Are the following judgments about social statuses and roles correct?

A. A person's marital status is an important characteristic of his social status.

B. A person in the family performs various roles.

14 . The hallmark of a political party is

1. association of people with common interests
2. creation of a branched organization
3. right of legislative initiative
4. desire to participate in the exercise of political power

15 . According to the Constitution of the USSR of 1924, one delegate from 25,000 urban residents and 125,000 rural residents was nominated to the All-Russian Congress of Soviets. This fact shows that the elections were

16 . Are the following statements about political power correct?

A. Political power performs the functions of management and control in society.

B. Political power is directed to all citizens of the state.

17 . What applies to social rights human?

18 . The highest body of legislative power in the Russian Federation is

19 . A citizen was watering flowers on the balcony and dropped a flower pot on the hood of a car parked in front of the house. What branch of law governs the relationship between a citizen and a car owner?

20 . Are the following legal statements correct?

A. Enforcement of legal norms is a free choice of citizens.

B. Legal norms come from the state.

21 . The above list shows the similarities between science and art and the differences between science and art. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences.

1. is an area of ​​spiritual culture
2. uses artistic expressions
3. requires accuracy and validity of statements
4. creates spiritual values

22. Establish a correspondence between the types of social structures and their characteristics: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Write down the selected numbers in the table.

23. Read the text below, each position of which is numbered.

Determine which provisions of the text are worn

A) the actual nature B) the nature of value judgments

Write under the position number the letter that indicates its nature. Transfer the resulting sequence of letters to the answer sheet.

24. In the course of a sociological survey, adult residents of country Z were asked to answer the question: “Is it necessary to introduce special ethics lessons at school?” The results obtained are presented in the diagram.

What conclusion can be drawn from the diagram?

1) The majority of respondents, regardless of education, believe that there is no need for special ethics lessons.
2) The proportion of those who believe that ethics lessons are necessary only in the lower grades is the same among respondents with secondary and higher education.
3) Among respondents with higher education, the opinion that there is no need for special lessons is the least popular.
4) The proportion of those who believe that ethics lessons are necessary in all classes among respondents with secondary education is higher than among respondents with higher education.

25. In country Z, in the course of sociological surveys (2006 and 2012), respondents were asked to answer the question: “Did you, your family have to refuse treatment, restore health due to lack of money?” The results obtained are presented in the table.

Various interpretations of the survey data have been presented in the media. Below are some opinions. Which of the journalistic assessments really (actually) corresponds to the information contained in the table?

1) Most of the respondents prefer not to go to medical institutions.
2) The respondents do not pay due attention to their health.
3) It can be assumed that the financial situation of the respondents has worsened.
4) Human rights are seriously violated in country Z.

Read the text and complete tasks 26-31.

Civil society

Civil society is a structured society. It contains within itself a mass of non-state associations independent of the state, and a person, being a member of one or several unions or associations, no longer stands alone in the face of the state machine. She can no longer calmly drive through him and not notice.

I am here not so much a citizen of the state as a member of the consumer union, a member of the firefighters assistance club, a parishioner of the temple, a visitor to the sports club. I am a member of a team with which we have common interests, we protect each other, we help each other. The same "Union of Consumers" - a very serious public organization, which, at your request, can sue any company that produces low-quality goods and services. This organization has its own magazine, its own lawyers and can, in principle, ruin any public or private enterprise if it is convicted of disrespect for consumer rights.

The sprouts of civil society are just emerging in our society. But if we take, for example, modern Germany where it is highly developed. Small enterprises are being created that call themselves “collectives”, “social projects”. These are centers of preschool education, food cooperatives, workshops, public libraries. There is a broad civil rights movement.

All this, taken together, creates a picture of a rich civil society, where a person can always find a group of like-minded people, can always receive protection from the injustices of the state and from his own loneliness. A person feels like a person only in his small group, where everyone knows, loves him and helps each other.

According to the encyclopedia for schoolchildren

26 . Highlight the main semantic parts of the text. Give a title to each of them (make a text plan).

27 . What two functions of civil society are named in the text?

28 . What manifestations of civil society are named in the text? List any five manifestations.

29 . Give three examples of civil society protecting the interests and rights of a citizen. In each case, name the protected right of a citizen, and then give an example.

30 . Some scholars believe that the full functioning of civil society is possible only under the rule of law. Give two reasons to support this opinion.

31 . The text contains the statement: "A person feels like a person only in his small group." Do you agree with this statement? Based on the text and social science knowledge, give two arguments (explanations) in defense of your position.

Demo 2016 Option 3

Part 1.

1. What sphere of public life regulates the relations of power, the organization of the management of society? 1) spiritual 2) political 3) economic 4) social

2. The biological essence of man is due to his need for

1) self-realization 2) food 3) creativity 4) communication

3. Anna Petrovna is an active and creative person. She initiated the subbotnik in her yard. This characterizes her as

1) personality 2) administrator 3) intelligent person 4) professional

4. Are the following statements about society correct?

A. The concept of "society" is applicable to any historical era.

B. Society arose before the state.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

5. The right of a person to have his own opinion, any beliefs and follow them is called

1) patriotism 2) freedom of conscience 3) selfishness 4) humanism

6. Are the following statements about morality correct?

A. The fulfillment of moral norms is a free choice of a person.

B. Moral norms are based on people's ideas about good and evil.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

7. Economics studies

1) forms of government 2) social stratification

3) family types in modern society 4) ways of managing people

8. Taxes in the form of surcharges on the price of goods and services are called

1) indirect 2) direct 3) income 4) property

9. In which of the following cases is it about the production of public goods by the state?

3) the introduction of new technical standards 4) the implementation of money emission

10. Are the following statements about unemployment correct?

A. The concept of "full employment" means the complete absence of unemployment.

B. Unemployment is feature market economy.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

11. Which of the named social groups is singled out on a professional basis?

1) military personnel 2) youth 3) conservatives 4) Muscovites

12. What social role can be performed by both teenagers and adults?

1) student high school 2) motorist 3) voter 4) consumer

13. Are the following statements about social conflict correct?

A. Social conflict always leads to negative consequences.

B. Social conflicts differ in form and nature of development.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

15. The organization brings together people who have common views on public problems. It seeks control over the government of the country and for this takes Active participation in government elections. This organization is 1) a parliamentary faction 2) a political party 3) an initiative group 4) a trade union

16. An administrative offense is

1) refusal to pay child support 2) walking the dog in the playground

3) refusal to give way to a disabled person in transport 4) refusal to pay rent for a rented apartment

17. The offense is

1) the imposition of a penalty by the boss on the subordinate 2) the disclosure of state secrets

3) collecting old coins 4) breaking a word given to a friend

18. You can make and certify a copy of the matriculation certificate (document of graduation from the secondary basic school), other certificates and documents that have legal force, you can at

1) a lawyer 2) a prosecutor 3) a judge of a district court 4) a notary

19. Citizens of the state participate in the formation of the parliament by electing its deputies. This shows their rights.

1) socio-economic 2) cultural 3) political 4) human

20. Are the following statements about international humanitarian law correct?

A. International humanitarian law prohibits the use of any weapon.

B. The goal of international humanitarian law is the complete prohibition of wars as forms of social conflicts.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

21. The above list shows the similarities and differences between the norms of law and morality. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences. 1) regulate the life of society 2) are accepted by the state 3) are formally fixed 4) establish rules of conduct

22. Establish a correspondence between examples of offenses and types of legal liability applicable in each case: for each element given in the first column, select an element from the second column.

Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters:

23. Read the text below, each position marked with a letter.

(A) A person's belonging to a certain ethnic community is important, it shows the spiritual connection of the individual with the language, culture, mentality of a certain nationality. (B) Article 26 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation states that every person has the right to determine and indicate his nationality, and no one can be forced to determine and indicate his nationality. (C) The definition of nationality by the ethnicity of the father or mother is illegal, this is a private matter of a citizen, an object of his cultural, linguistic and everyday preferences.

Determine which provisions of the text 1) reflect the facts 2) express an opinion

Record in the table the numbers indicating the nature of the relevant provisions.

24. In countries Z and Y, one of the study funds public opinion conducted a survey among adult citizens: “Do you trust law enforcement agencies?”.

The results obtained (in % of the number of respondents) are presented in the form of a diagram.

Find in the list of conclusions that can be drawn from the diagram, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) The proportion of those who trust law enforcement agencies because they protect the rights and legitimate interests of citizens is larger in country Z than in country Y.

2) The share of those who trust law enforcement agencies, because real professionals work there, is lower in country Z than in country Y.

3) In country Z, more than half of the respondents trust law enforcement agencies, as they are confident in their professionalism.

4) In country Y, equal proportions of respondents are apprehensive about law enforcement and do not trust them.

5) In country Z, a larger proportion of respondents, compared with country Y, experienced difficulties in answering the question.

25. The statistical services of country Z studied the dynamics of sales of household appliances in the period from 2002 to 2012. The results of the study (in % of the number of respondents) are presented in the form of a diagram.

The results of the study, reflected in the diagram, were published and commented on in the media. Which of the following conclusions directly follow from the information obtained during the study? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Household appliance companies in country Z are actively mastering the production of new models.

2) The demand for household goods in country Z has decreased.

3) The protectionist policy of the government of country Z contributed to the reorientation of consumer demand from foreign-made goods to goods produced by country Z.

4) An increase in sales of new foreign household appliances was recorded.

5) Household appliances manufactured by country Z are less in demand on the market than appliances from foreign manufacturers.

Read the text and do the tasks.

Inclinations and abilities

A child is born not with ready-made abilities, but with inclinations, i.e. such features of the structure of the brain and sensory organs, which act as natural prerequisites for the development of abilities. The makings are multivalued, i.e. on the basis of the same inclinations, different abilities may arise depending on the requirements of the corresponding activity. So, acute observation and good visual memory can enter the structure of the abilities of an artist, investigator, geologist.

Whether the inclinations develop into abilities depends not only on individual features personality, but also on historical conditions, on the needs of society. These or other abilities develop when there is a social need for them.

Consider from this point of view such an imaginary situation. Somewhere on a distant island pacific ocean a boy with outstanding musical inclinations was born. What can he become, given that the people of his tribe do not know any other music than monophonic singing, and no other musical instrument except the drum? At best, this boy will go down in the history of the island as the most wonderful drummer. In other words, he will reach such a level of development of his musical talent that is possible under certain social conditions. His fate would have been completely different if he had ended up in a country with a highly developed musical culture and got there with good teachers.

26. Plan your text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.

28. What three conditions does the author single out as necessary for the development of inclinations in ability?

29. Andrey F., four years old, has a good musical memory and is able to accurately reproduce a complex polyphonic melody after one listening. Name three areas of activity in which he can reach the maximum disclosure of his abilities. Point out any social condition that will help him develop his inclinations.

30. The author notes that on the basis of the same inclinations, different abilities may arise depending on the requirements of the relevant activity. How does he illustrate this conclusion? Give your own example confirming this position (for example, good natural plasticity is important for both an athlete and an actor).

31. "Nature makes a man great, and society makes him great." Do you agree with this statement? Justify your opinion.

Demo 2016 Option 4

1. Social scientists define society as...

1) the whole world in the variety of its forms and manifestations 2) an integral part of nature

3) the unity of animate and inanimate nature 4) a part of the world isolated from nature

2. Which example illustrates interpersonal conflict?

1) The government of the country announced an increase in customs duties.

2) Classmates quarreled over the duty schedule. 3) The traffic police officer issued a fine for speeding. 4) The employee has filed a claim with the employer regarding the late payment of wages.

3. Ekaterina is a college student. In her free time, she actively participates in the activities of the youth parliament. This characterizes her as

1) individual 2) youth representative 3) personality 4) comrade

4. Are the following statements about human activity correct?

A. Studying a school course in physics is an example of cognitive activity.

B. Activity implies the conscious activity of a person.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

5. The spiritual sphere of society includes the relationship between 1) the director of the film and the actors

2) a cinema spectator and a cashier at the cinema box office 3) a cinema spectator and a cinema hall security guard 4) a director of the cinema hall and a repair team that carried out repairs in it

6. Are the following statements about morality correct? A. The fulfillment of moral norms is a free choice of a person. B. Moral norms are based on people's ideas about good and evil.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

7. All used in the production process Natural resources called

1) production capital 2) labor 3) information 4) land

8. In a command economy, as opposed to a market economy

1) there is competition between producers 2) labor is a commodity

3) resources are distributed centrally 4) income tax is established

9. In country Z enterprises independently decide what and how much to produce, focusing on the behavior and preferences of consumers. What type of economic systems can be attributed to the country's economy Z ? 1) command 2) market 3) planned 4) traditional

10. Are the following statements about taxes correct?

A. Direct taxes exist in the form of surcharges on the price of certain goods.

B. Direct taxes include property tax.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

11. TO social sphere societies include the relationship between

1) governments of states 2) entrepreneurs of one state

3) the state and the entrepreneur 4) the state and the pensioner

12. Masha and Olya's parents died in a car accident. The girls live and are raised by their grandmother. Their family is 1) patriarchal 2) large 3) incomplete 4) small (nuclear)

13. Are the following statements about social norms correct? And all social norms are formal. B. As a rule, social norms are fixed in normative legal acts.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

14. The legislature of the Russian Federation is

1) Government of the Russian Federation 2) Supreme Court of the Russian Federation 3) Federal Assembly 4) President of the Russian Federation

15. Country Z is a unitary state. It means that

1) the regions of country Z can have their own governments 2) the principle of separation of powers is implemented in country Z 3) the regions of country Z have their own constitutions 4) country Z is divided into regions that do not have signs of sovereignty

16. Are the following statements about the separation of powers correct? A. The division of powers into legislative, judicial, executive contributes to the legal restriction of state power.

B. The judiciary is an independent and autonomous branch of government.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

17. Which of the following is an indication of a crime?

1) detention by a police officer 2) initiation of a criminal case

3) conclusion of the investigator 4) public danger of the act

18. What branch of law regulates the procedure for considering cases of moral damages in court? 1) criminal procedure law 2) constitutional law

3) administrative law 4) civil procedure law

19. At the bus stop public transport teenagers used foul language. What offense did they commit? 1) civil misconduct 2) disciplinary misconduct

3) administrative offense 4) criminal offense

20. Are the following judgments about the Constitution of the Russian Federation correct?

A. The Constitution of the Russian Federation has the highest legal force.

B. The Constitution is the code of laws of the Russian Federation.

1) only A is true 2) only B is true 3) both judgments are correct 4) both judgments are wrong

21. The above list shows the similarities and differences in the role of the state in market conditions and in a command economy. Select and write down in the first column of the table the serial numbers of the similarities, and in the second column - the serial numbers of the differences:

1) collects taxes; 2) sets prices for the main types of raw materials;

3) carry out the redistribution of funds through the state budget;

4) creates a legal framework for the development of competition.FORMS OF DEMOCRACY

A) popular election of the president

B) referendum

B) elections of deputies of parliament

2) representative

23. Read the given text, each position of which is indicated by the corresponding letter.

(A) The Law “On Education” was adopted in our country in the early 90s. (B) The variety of types of schools it provides contributes to a more complete consideration of the interests of students. (C) However, permitted homeschooling does not always provide a meaningful education.

Determine which provisions of the text: 1) reflect the facts; 2) express opinions.

24. In country Z, a sociological service conducted a survey among adult citizens aged 18-55 years. They were asked the question: “Do you know about the changes in pension legislation”?

Find in the list of conclusions that can be drawn on the basis of

diagrams, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) Most of the respondents are poorly versed in changes in pension legislation.

2) More than a third of the respondents are not interested in pension issues.

3) About a third of the respondents express a desire to better understand the issues of pension legislation.

4) Half of the respondents complain about the excessive frequency of changes in pension legislation.

5) The smallest share of the surveyed respondents is well versed in pension legislation.

25. The sociological services of country Z conducted a public opinion poll. Citizens participating in the survey were asked the question: “What method of stimulating the labor activity of workers do you consider the most effective?”

The results of the survey (in % of the number of respondents) are presented in the table.

The results of the survey, reflected in the table, were published and commented on in the media. Which of the following conclusions directly follow from the information received during the survey? Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) "The spirit of competition" is more pronounced in men than in women.

2) Material methods of stimulating labor are leading for workers.

3) Workers refuse to work in uncomfortable conditions.

4) Women rarely use the opportunities of their professional and career growth.

5) Men are more likely to participate in internal corporate events.

Read the text and complete tasks 26-31.

social structure

Modern Western society distinguishes between upper, middle and lower classes. A number of sociologists single out the working class as a separate group. One of the criteria for their distinction is wealth and income.

Wealth is all the wealth that belongs to a person. It includes primarily a house, land, that is, real estate. It also includes savings, stocks. Income consists of wages for labor, as well as income received from investments (interest or dividends).

The upper class is numerically small - only a few percent of the total population - but it owns a significant share of the wealth. At the same time, the number of people owning shares is increasing. So, in England in 1979, there were only 5%% of such people, and in the late 80s, more than 20%% of the population were shareholders.

The middle class is formed by representatives of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as high-class specialists of various categories. The working class consists of the so-called blue-collar workers - people engaged in physical labor. The lower class is made up of, among others, people who remain unemployed for a long time.

Some sociologists believe that class distinctions in economically developed countries are losing their significance. Taxes against the rich, combined with benefits for the poor and the disabled, blur the distinction between top and bottom.

26. Plan your text. To do this, highlight the main semantic fragments of the text and title each of them.

28. Which social groups, forming the middle class, are given in the text?

Name any three groups.

29. Based on social science knowledge, indicate two other indicators, in addition to wealth and income, that determine the social position of a person in society. Give an example of representatives of two professional groups that are close in income, but differ in other indicators.

30. Mikhail N. works as a machine tool mechanic at a car factory. His salary exceeds the income of some employees of this enterprise. Can it be attributed, from the point of view of the author of the above text, to the middle class? Give the position of the text that helped you answer this question.

31. The text provides a point of view according to which social class differences in modern Western countries are smoothed out. Do you agree with this conclusion? Based on the text and social science and historical knowledge give two arguments (reasons) in defense of your position.

We present to your attention the section on preparing for the OGE in Social Studies. This subject is the third most popular after the compulsory and the first most popular among elective exams. We are pleased to provide you with the most useful and necessary material for each task with a detailed explanation and theory. We are sure that this section will help you pass the exam in social studies in grade 9 with excellent marks!

General information about the exam

The OGE in social studies consists of two parts, which in total contain 31 tasks.

First part contains 25 tasks with brief answer. Second part - 6 tasks with deployed answer.

For the implementation of the examination work in social science is given 3 hours(180 minutes). Answers to tasks 1-20 are written as one digit, which corresponds to the number of the correct answer. Answers to tasks 21-25 are written as a sequence of numbers in the answer field in the text of the work.

Part 2 includes the text and 6 tasks for it. To complete these tasks, you must:

• select the required information from the text
• disclose (including examples) its individual provisions
• correlate the information from the text with the knowledge gained during the course
• apply existing knowledge to analyze social situations
• express and justify your own opinion.

Answers to the tasks of part 2 are recorded on separate sheet. When performing tasks Can use draft. Draft entries do not count towards the evaluation of the work.

Theory for the OGE in Social Studies

A brief theory for the successful completion of tasks (recommended for reading before analyzing options).

1. Appointment of KIM for OGE- assess the level of general education in social science of graduates of the ninth grade educational organizations for the purpose of the state final certification of graduates. The results of the exam can be used when enrolling students in specialized secondary school classes.

OGE is conducted in accordance with federal law of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”.

2. Documents defining the content of KIM

3. Approaches to the selection of content, the development of the structure of KIM

Exam Model work of the OGE reflects the integral nature of the subject: in the aggregate, the tasks cover the main content lines of the social science course, the basic provisions of various areas of scientific social science.

The objects of control are didactic units of knowledge and requirements for the formation of skills, enshrined in the Federal component of the state educational standard. This is a wide range of subject skills, methods of cognitive activity and knowledge about society in the unity of its spheres and basic institutions, about the social qualities of the individual and the conditions for their formation, about the most important economic phenomena and processes, about politics, law, social relations, the spiritual life of society.

KIM tasks for the OGE differ in form and level of complexity, which is determined by the method of cognitive activity necessary to complete the task. The performance of KIM tasks involves the implementation of such intellectual actions as recognition, reproduction and extraction of information, classification, systematization, comparison, concretization, application of knowledge (according to a model or in a new context), explanation, argumentation, evaluation, etc. Tasks of increased and high levels Complexities, in contrast to the basic ones, involve a more complex, as a rule, cognitive activity that is complex in nature.

The specificity of the subject and social and humanitarian knowledge as a whole is also taken into account when selecting sources of information used in the examination work. These are usually the results of sociological research, adapted texts from publications of a popular science, socio-philosophical nature, extracts from legal acts. For tasks to distinguish between judgments reflecting facts and evaluative statements, small texts are constructed that are close in style to information messages MASS MEDIA.

4. Communication examination model OGE with KIM USE

A number of tasks of the exam model of the OGE are similar in type USE assignments. This approach seems to be quite justified, since the list of skills being formed, the basic components of the content in the main and high school largely coincide. In addition, this approach allows, given the role of the state final certification of graduates of the basic school in the emerging all-Russian system assessment of the quality of education, to ensure the continuity of the two stages of the state final certification.

At the same time, when developing KIM for the OGE, the cognitive capabilities of students of the main school, the volume and nature of the educational content presented to them in the subject were taken into account. This predetermined the features of the examination model of the OGE. Part 2 of the exam paper has the most significant differences from the KIM USE, which is not only an independent, but also an internally integral section: all six tasks of various types are directly connected here with a specially selected text that illuminates a certain side of social reality.

5. Characteristics of the CMM structure

The examination paper consists of two parts, including 31 tasks. Part 1 contains 25 short answer tasks, part 2 contains 6 long answer tasks.

For each task 1-20 of the work, four possible answers are offered, of which only one is correct. The task is considered completed correctly if the student wrote down the number of the correct answer. The task is considered failed in the following cases: a) the number of the wrong answer is recorded; b) the numbers of two or more answers are recorded, even if the number of the correct answer is also indicated among them; c) the response number is not recorded.

In tasks 21-25, the answer is given as a sequence of numbers (for example, 125), written without spaces and separator characters.

Answers to the tasks of part 2 are independently formulated and recorded by the examinee in expanded form. Verification of their implementation is carried out by experts on the basis of a specially developed system of criteria.