Born on November 25, 1914 in the city of Constantinograd, now the city of Krasnograd, Kharkov region of Ukraine, in a working class family. Ukrainian. After graduating from high school, he worked as an instructor in the district committee of the Komsomol in the city of Krasnograd.
In the Red Army since 1932. In 1937 he graduated from the Ulyanovsk armored military school. In 1937–1938 he commanded a tank platoon and a reconnaissance platoon in the Kiev Special Military District. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1939. In 1941 he completed two courses at the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army.
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, he participated in battles with fascist german invaders. Was wounded twice. He fought on the Leningrad and Kalinin fronts, was an assistant chief, from August 1941 senior lieutenant Vladimir Tolubko - head of the operational department, from October - chief of staff of the 21st Panzer Division, from February 1942 - chief of staff and from July commander of the 104th Panzer brigades. After the second wound in March 1943 - teaching at the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army. From February 1944 until the end of the war, he was the head of the operational department of the headquarters of the 4th Guards Mechanized Corps (3rd Ukrainian Front).
He took part in the planning and conduct of combat operations of the mechanized corps in the Iasi-Chisinau, Belgrade and Budapest operations.
In 1945-1948 he held the positions of commander of a mechanized brigade and regiment, head of department and deputy chief of staff of the association, chief of staff of a mechanized division.
In 1946, Colonel V.F. Tolubko, who graduated from the armored academy, was awarded the military rank of major general.
In 1950 he graduated from the Academy General Staff. From March 1951 - commander of a mechanized division, from May 1953 - chief of staff, first deputy commander of the formation. In 1956-1957, Assistant Commander-in-Chief - Head of the Combat Training Department of the Group Soviet troops in Germany. In 1957-1960 he was the commander of the formation and since March 1960 he was the first deputy commander-in-chief of the Strategic Missile Forces (RVSN).
In 1970, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Colonel-General Tolubko V.F. awarded the highest military rank of General of the Army.
As First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces V.F. Tolubko carried out the selection and placement of leading personnel, organized activities for the operational-strategic training of senior officers, the development of ways to improve the field and combat skills of troops, and their combat duty.
Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR from April 12, 1972 to July 10, 1985. In this high position, the fifth Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces made a significant personal contribution to improving the combat and operational training of troops and staffs, to ensuring the constant combat readiness of the missile forces, to the development of missile technology and weapons, actively supervised the rearmament, commissioning of the Strategic Missile Forces and putting on combat duty third-generation missiles with separable warheads and means of overcoming the enemy's anti-missile defense.
He supervised the creation of the grouping of the first Pioneer mobile medium-range missile systems, developed the basics of their combat use, combat duty and maneuvering. He organized flight tests of mobile missile systems MKR ground and rail-based, the development of principles for their placement and combat use.
He made the transition to a unified system of organizing and carrying out combat duty on the scale of the Strategic Missile Forces. Increased the stability and reliability of combat command and control of troops and weapons by introducing an automated command and control system.
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 12, 1976 for his great personal contribution to the creation and development of missile space technology and missile launch complexes, General of the Army Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 25, 1983, General of the Army V.F. Tolubko was awarded the highest military rank of "Chief Marshal of Artillery".
In 1985, based on a personal report, Chief Marshal of Artillery V.F. Tolubko leaves the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces and moves to the group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
Since 1971 V.F. Tolubko was elected as a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, and since 1976 - a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 8th - 10th convocations.
Lived in Moscow. He was awarded five Orders of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 2nd class, Orders of the Patriotic War 1st class, two Orders of the Red Star, the Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd class and medals, as well as foreign orders and medals.
Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko died on June 17, 1989. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Honorary citizen of the city of Odintsovo, Moscow Region, in which his bust is installed, and the name of Marshal Tolubko is given to a street in the microdistrict 7-a of this city. Honorary citizen of the Moldavian city of Comrat. A commemorative breast medal was issued in memory of him.
Tolubko Vladimir Borisovich
(born 1948)
Head of the Kharkov Higher Military Command and Engineering School of Missile Troops named after Marshal Soviet Union N. I. Krylova 1990-1992 Head of the Kharkov Order of the Patriotic War and October revolution military university 1992-1999
Born on September 3, 1948 in the city of Krasnograd, Kharkov region. In 1966 he entered the Kharkov Higher Military Command and Engineering School, from which he graduated in 1971. In 1975, he defended his Ph.D. thesis and, at his own request, was sent for further military service. In 1977, as the chief of staff of the regiment, he entered the command faculty of the F.E. Dzerzhinsky Military Engineering Artillery Academy, from which he graduated in 1979 with a gold medal. Then - regiment commander and deputy division commander, from 1984 to 1986 - student of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR named after K. E. Voroshilov. After graduation, he was appointed commander of one of the leading missile divisions, which was armed with the most modern strategic missile systems. He received the military rank of Major General. From December 1990 to August 1992 he headed KhVVKIURV, then - until February 1999, Kharkov Military University. In December 1992, he received the military rank of lieutenant general. From February 1999 to October 2000 - First Deputy Head of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine; Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for military intelligence. At present, he is the head of the National Defense Academy of Ukraine, the chief military educational institution for the training of the highest command staff of the Armed Forces of the country. In December 1991, by decision of the Higher Attestation Commission of the USSR, he was awarded academic title“Professor”, in August 1998 he was the first in Ukraine to defend his doctoral dissertation in the specialty 21.00.01 “Military Security of the State” and in October of the same year the Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine awards him the degree of Doctor technical sciences. In 1999 he was awarded honorary title"Honored Worker public education Ukraine". Member of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine.
At a historical turning point
The characteristic features of a prominent military leader and scientist are rarely perfectly embodied in one person. As if scattered unevenly in the mass of different people, they only in combination create a generalized national character. modern defender Motherland. But there are such combinations in one person. Such is Vladimir Borisovich Tolubko. Vladimir Borisovich, leaving in 1975 to join the troops to gain experience in managing units and formations of the Strategic Missile Forces, gave his word to return to his native school in order to use the accumulated experience and knowledge in the training of highly qualified missile officers. He kept his promise. But it was not an easy choice in his life. He was persistently offered higher positions in the structure of the Strategic Missile Forces of the USSR Armed Forces, but he took a different, perhaps unusual, non-career decision in order to fulfill the dream of his military youth. While serving in the troops, Vladimir Borisovich constantly visited the school, in the units and formations that he commanded, cadets and officer-teachers of the school underwent military training. Therefore, he knew the situation at the school well, saw strong and weak sides in the preparation of its graduates. And he had big plans to strengthen the role and place of the school in the system of military universities of the USSR Ministry of Defense, to further improve the quality and efficiency of the educational process. However, soon life made unpredictable adjustments to these plans: the collapse of the USSR and the related division of the USSR Armed Forces between the newly formed states occurred. Vladimir Borisovich again received tempting offers from Moscow, but he does not hesitate to make a firm decision - to serve Ukraine and its people. With his inherent energy, activity, determination, perseverance, purposefulness and professionalism, he begins to solve extraordinary problems that unexpectedly arose in the established life of the school and its command. Let us indicate the two most acute of them. One of the problems had a political connotation and was due to the fact that the interstate agreement on the division of the USSR Armed Forces assumed the preservation of common strategic types of weapons, but there was no separate indication of the belonging of military universities related to the strategic forces (in Ukraine, they included only KhVVKIURV ). This led to the fact that the school was for some time in the spheres of influence of the Ministries of Defense of two states - Ukraine and Russia. The Ministry of Defense (MO) of Ukraine insisted on transferring the school to its structure, and the Russian Ministry of Defense sought to leave the school in its composition, since only the HVVKIURV trained rocket officers in some unique specialties and missile systems, in particular the heaviest SS-18 missiles called "Satan" in the West. Thanks to the great authority of Lieutenant General V. B. Tolubko in the highest military circles of Ukraine and Russia, his diplomacy and political wisdom, a compromise was found: the school undertook to complete the training of cadets of all previous sets in selected specialties and distribute them to those states that will be in them are interested. Another acute problem that Vladimir Borisovich had to solve in those years was the preservation of specialties, scientific schools and the teaching staff of one of the best in terms of qualifications among the military universities of the Strategic Missile Forces and the Armed Forces of the USSR, in the conditions of a hasty and not always thought out reform of military universities on the territory of Ukraine. This problem was compounded by two factors. First, the political decision to destroy nuclear missiles located on the territory of Ukraine, which sharply limited the need for missile officers. Secondly, most of the officers of the school were seized with confusion in connection with an unexpected historical break in the fate of the state to which they swore allegiance, and, consequently, in their fate. They faced the most difficult and multifaceted question - what to do? The solution of these and other problems of that time was possible only under the leadership of a strong and multifaceted personality with a rich life experience. Vladimir Borisovich fully possessed such qualities. The work of the command staff of the school was organized in two directions - within the school and in state authorities, primarily in the Ministry of Defense and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Vladimir Borisovich managed not only to maintain the achievements of his predecessors, but also to mobilize personnel for a significant improvement in all types of activities. A significant role in this was played by an atmosphere of trust and respect at all levels of management with high demands and personalized responsibility of the commanding and teaching staff. The main attention is paid to the educational process, the work on the fundamentalization, humanization and humanitarization of education is being increased, its individualization and intensification are intensifying. Computerization is becoming a priority, which includes the widespread use of computer technology and information and computer technologies in all types of classes, especially when modeling complex physical processes in various systems of rocket and space technology and technological processes during its operation and combat use. A computer training center is being created, computer classes are being opened at the departments, computer teaching and control systems are being developed. In terms of computer equipment, the school is not inferior to the best military universities in the country. The material and technical base and training samples of rocket technology are being updated at the suburban educational and technical base and major departments, thereby improving vocational training graduates. Improving the quality of published educational and methodological literature, research and training scientific personnel, indicators of inventive and rationalization work are improving, scientific publications, military-scientific work of cadets and their participation in various competitions. Vladimir Borisovich creates a permanent working group of leading scientists and practicing officers, which prepares for the Verkhovna Rada Commission on Defense and national security analytical references with proposals for reforming the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the prospects for the development of weapons and military equipment for them, including various kinds high-precision weapons, rocket and space technology. To discuss individual, most important issues meetings are held with managers and chief designers of enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Increased attention is paid to social issues, housing construction is expanding. By the end of 1991, the housing issue was actually resolved at the school. All this gave its positive results: the situation in the school remained stable, manageable, businesslike. The school fulfilled its obligations to the Strategic Missile Forces and cadets, the vast majority of them did not want to leave for military universities in Russia and graduated from the school. The rhythm of life of the departments of the school has noticeably accelerated. And this is despite the fact that Vladimir Borisovich is a People's Deputy of Ukraine (since 1990). He had to combine hard work in the Verkhovna Rada, where he was forced to spend most of his time, with the leadership of the school. As part of the Verkhovna Rada Commission on Defense and National Security, he took Active participation in the development of the concept of national security of Ukraine and priority areas development of its Armed Forces (AF). He insisted on a more balanced attitude towards the unilateral destruction of nuclear missile weapons in Ukraine (the third largest in the world in terms of potential), believing that in its absence the country would go “into the shadows” and would not play a significant role on the geopolitical map of the world. History has confirmed this prediction. During those two or three days a week, mostly Saturdays and Sundays, when he was at the school, he was able to analyze the situation, especially in the cadet units and support services, hold the necessary meetings, make decisions on the fundamental current issues of the life and activities of the school, implement reception for personal matters. Vladimir Borisovich, the command of faculties and departments carried out active work in the Ministry of Defense and other law enforcement agencies of Ukraine to retrain the school to train military personnel for them. In this regard, new specialties and specializations were opened, new curricula and programs were developed, and retraining of the teaching and engineering staff was underway. This made it possible to keep the enrollment in the school at approximately the same level and thereby maintain the permanent composition of the school. January 20, 1992 officers schools (more than 99%) took the military oath of allegiance to the people of Ukraine. Thus, in a crisis situation, Vladimir Borisovich managed not only to maintain, but also to increase the material and technical base and scientific potential of the school in the interests of Ukraine. However, the problem of the school's survival remained in the future, since the army, and, accordingly, the number of graduates of military universities in Ukraine would inevitably have to be significantly reduced. The reform of military universities in Ukraine assumed their unification. Vladimir Borisovich, both as a deputy of the Verkhovna Rada and as an authoritative military leader, did a great job of adopting Resolution No. 49 of 19.08.1992 by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on the creation of a fundamentally new, the only military university in the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense - Kharkov Military University (HVU), which united the Military radio engineering academy air defense named after Marshal of the Soviet Union L. A. Govorov and KhVVKIURV named after Marshal of the Soviet Union N. I. Krylov, which were among the leading military universities of the USSR Ministry of Defense. He was instructed to lead the organizational core for the formation of a new military university and its leadership. In a short time, the organizational and staffing structure of the university, new curricula and programs were developed. The university began its activity on August 3, 1993, on September 7, 1996 it was awarded a battle flag, and on March 23, 1999 the Charter of the University was approved. Thus, under the leadership of V. B. Tolubko, a unique multidisciplinary interspecific military educational and scientific institution was created, which provides high-quality training of military personnel for various types of troops of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other power structures. In May 1995, HVU was the first among the military universities of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine to be accredited at the highest, fourth, level. The main tasks of the university in peacetime were the training of officers of the operational-tactical and tactical levels, retraining and advanced training of officers of the troops for various types of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel, initial training and advanced training of teachers and organizers educational process in the system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the training of reserve officers from among the students of the Kharkov national university them. V. N. Karazin. The university conducts training and retraining of military specialists of foreign states. For effective use scientific potential at the HVU, three military scientific centers were created (then one of them - the Scientific and Metrological Center (military standards) - was separated into an independent structure), the research department scientific problems military education and the research department of the troops of radiochemical and bacteriological protection. For the practical training of students and cadets in the operation, repair, combat use of weapons and military equipment, the university included a regiment for providing the educational process and a training center. The team has created a creative atmosphere, favorable conditions for the educational process, scientific, methodological and academic work, advanced training of the teaching staff. Vladimir Borisovich firmly associated the quality of training of students and cadets with professional level teaching staff, it has always been an indisputable truth for him the need to maintain the high intellectual potential of a military university. Therefore, he set the task of attracting the maximum number of highly qualified scientists to the university. At the end of 1998, 115 doctors of sciences and professors, 658 candidates of sciences and associate professors worked at the university, which accounted for more than 50% of the scientists of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. Compared to 1993, the number of doctors of sciences and professors has increased by 52%, and that of candidates of sciences and associate professors by 28%. Such growth became possible thanks to the painstaking work of the command to return to the university scientists who retired from the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 1989-1992, and to improve the efficiency of training scientific personnel, which was facilitated by the creation at the university of 5 specialized academic councils (3 doctoral and 2 candidate) for 14 scientific specialties. Since 1993, the university began to publish a scientific-methodical collection "Initial-vicinal process: methodology, completion, problems" on behalf of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. Then it became actually interspecies. HVU, as part of the integration of higher military education with civilian education, made the transition to training military specialists at four educational and qualification levels (junior specialist, bachelor, specialist and master) in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On Education" and other regulatory documents. The university took part in the development of the concept of military education as the main executor of research work, given by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. The training of military specialists with higher military special education and with the educational and qualification level "specialist" began at the university in the 1993/94 academic year. To this end, significant methodical work on the preparation of educational and qualification characteristics (OKH), educational and professional programs (EPP) and curricula for all specialties and specializations, curricula And thematic plans for disciplines studied at the university. The PPP was based on the nationwide bachelor's PPP programs, which led to a significant change in the traditional officer training system that had developed at the university in previous years, and the associated educational documentation, as well as the organizational and staffing structure of the university. For the first time, bachelor's degrees were awarded to university cadets after four years of study in 1997. Thus, Colonel-General V. B. Tolubko has a considerable merit in the creation and development of the Kharkov Military University. The inspections and checks carried out under his supervision confirmed that the university adequately fulfills the task of training highly professional military personnel for the Armed Forces of Ukraine. He became a recognized organizer of higher military education in Ukraine, a modern leader, distinguished by systemic and non-standard work, a sharp analytical mind, great capacity for work, high demands on himself and his subordinates, on their professional and business qualities, the ability to take responsibility and solve the most complex tasks. , the ability to see the future and constantly move forward. Vladimir Borisovich is a prominent scientist in the field of military development and the country's military security. Has over 70 scientific works, including 6 textbooks, 1 monograph, more than 50 scientific articles, 7 copyright certificates for inventions. He is the scientific director of research works in the field of construction of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the development of weapons systems. Evidence of the high appreciation of selfless work, recognition of the authority of a talented military leader, a prominent scientist, Colonel-General V. B. Tolubko are the awards of the Motherland - the Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree, Red Star, the distinction of the President of Ukraine "For Impeccable Service" III degree, the distinction of the Minister of Defense of Ukraine "For Valor and Honor" and 14 medals of the USSR and foreign countries.
On November 8, 1932, he voluntarily joined the Red Army and was sent to a junior school. commanding staff with a separate sapper squadron of the 14th cavalry division, after the successful completion of which he was appointed assistant platoon commander of the same school, and then - tank commander of a mechanized regiment at the 14th cavalry division. In November 1935, Vladimir Fedorovich became a cadet of the Ulyanovsk armored school. After graduation in 1937 (since April 1937 - Ulyanovsk Armored School) he was sent to the Kiev Military District as the commander of a tank platoon of the 12th mechanized brigade. Successfully continuing his service in the 12th mechanized brigade, in April 1938 he was appointed platoon commander of a reconnaissance battalion. The young, energetic platoon commander skillfully and persistently passed on to his subordinates the knowledge gained at the school, instilled in them a love for military equipment, instilled in them a sense of self-confidence and reliability of equipment and a constant readiness to take up arms to defend their homeland.
In harsh prewar years the country's army and navy needed highly educated command personnel. The best commanders were sent to study at higher military educational institutions.
In September 1938, a student of the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army named after. I.V. Vladimir Fedorovich also becomes Stalin. While studying at the academy in the party description for senior lieutenant V.F. Tolubko noted that he was "very capable and energetic." And from the final certification of 1941 it followed: “Firm and persistent, strong-willed, works hard on himself. Deserves to be promoted to the rank of "Captain" in an extraordinary manner." However, the title was awarded only in January 1942. In May 1941, after graduating from the academy, he was appointed assistant chief of the 1st department of the headquarters of the 21st tank division of the Leningrad Military District.
From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, V.F. Tolubko takes an active part in the defense of Leningrad. From August 1941 he was chief of the 1st division of headquarters, from October he was chief of staff of the 21st Panzer Division; from February 1942 he was chief of staff, and from July - commander of the 104th tank brigade already on the Kalinin front. During heavy fighting in January 1942, the chief of staff of a tank division was given the following description: "In the most difficult conditions of battle, he does not lose his composure and makes the right decisions, putting them into practice to the end." When nominated for the post of tank brigade commander V.F. Tolubko is characterized as follows: "He can independently organize and conduct a battle with a tank brigade in any conditions." At the end of July 1942, V.F. Tolubko was seriously wounded, after recovering from February 21, 1943 he was appointed teacher of tactics at the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army. I.V. Stalin. However, it was difficult for a combat officer to come to terms with work in the rear. He submits one report after another with a request to send him to the front. Finally, in February 1944, his request was granted, and he was sent to the active army - first to the post of chief of staff of a special military unit, and from April 1944 - chief of the operational department of the headquarters of the 4th Guards Mechanized Corps of the 3rd Ukrainian front. Vladimir Fedorovich takes part in planning the combat operations of the corps in the Iasi-Kishinev, Belgrade, and Budapest operations. During the battles V.F. Tolubko shows creative initiative, high organizational skills, courage and determination. In the combat description of May 16, 1944, the chief of staff of the guard corps, Colonel V.F. Chizh and Commander of the Guard Major General tank troops IN AND. Zhdanov wrote: "In offensive battles in the Odessa region, he showed the ability to lead the headquarters of mechanized units. Having sufficient experience in controlling mechanized units in battle, he correctly aimed headquarters to fulfill the will of the commander. Headquarters, led by Comrade. Tolubko, they coped with the assigned tasks in battles.
During the Iasi-Chisinau offensive operation Vladimir Fedorovich, being in the battle formations of his troops, set an example of courage, courage and courage to his subordinates. He personally led the brigades in the direction of the main attack on the enemy. The fact that the corps was the first to reach the river. The rod, thereby cutting off the retreat route that fell into the "bag" of the enemy grouping, was to a certain extent his merit. In the following days, the head of the operational department of the corps actively participated in the destruction of the encircled group of Nazi troops. In one of the sections, the tank battalion, in which Vladimir Fedorovich was located, met a retreating German column. Tolubko quickly orientated himself in the situation and clearly distributed the directions of attacks on it. About one and a half thousand soldiers and officers remained lying on the ground after a stunning attack by tankers, 720 people surrendered.
In the presentation for the next awarding of the order, in particular, it says: “The head of the operational department of the guards corps. lieutenant colonel V.F. Tolubko took an active part in the preparation of troops for military operations in the mountains ...
In the last combat operation - during the mountain march and the capture of Belgrade - he was always in the operational group with the corps commander, leaving for the most difficult and critical areas of the battle, directly into the battle formations of the formation. With the 13th Guards Motorized Rifle Battalion, he participated in the assault on the Yugoslav capital and was the first to break into the southwestern outskirts of Belgrade, which subsequently contributed to the overall success of the corps during the assault on the city.
Guard Colonel V.F. Tolubko was the first Soviet commandant in the Bulgarian city of Varna.
The combat experience gained during the war years, Vladimir Fedorovich skillfully applied in the training and education of troops, occupying in 1945-1948. positions of commander of the 13th Guards Mechanized Brigade, chief of the operational department of the headquarters of the 2nd Guards tank army, Chief of Staff of the 4th Guards Mechanized Division, Chief of the Operations Department and Deputy Chief of Staff of the 5th Guards Mechanized Army of the RVGK.
In December 1950, V.F. Tolubko graduated from the Higher Military Academy with a gold medal. K.E. Voroshilov and in March 1951 was appointed commander of the 19th Guards Mechanized Division of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSVG). In May 1953 he was appointed chief of staff, in December 1954 - first deputy commander of the 4th Guards Mechanized Army, from June 1956 assistant commander in chief - head of the combat training department of the GSVG, from July 1957 - commander of the 1st Guards Tank, from April 1958 - 8th guards army. Autumn inspection check in 1959 under the leadership of the Minister of Defense of the USSR Marshal of the Soviet Union R.Ya. Malinovsky showed that combat training in the army is at the proper level, strong military discipline is maintained in the units, and the morale of the personnel is high. The leadership of the country and the Armed Forces gives Vladimir Fedorovich special confidence, and in March 1960 he was appointed 1st Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces. Arriving in Moscow, V.F. Tolubko embarked on a new, completely unfamiliar business for him: together with the Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces, Chief Marshal of Artillery M.I. Nedelin, other military leaders, to create a new, most powerful branch of the Armed Forces of the USSR from scratch.
In 1960-1961. by decision of the government of the country, work was launched on a wide front to select and approve the position areas for connections of intercontinental ballistic missiles. The main organizational work was entrusted to the Main Staff of the Missile Forces and directly to the Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Colonel-General Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko. The work was successfully completed.
In 1962, the Rocket Forces took part in Operation Anadyr. It was necessary to covertly transfer to Cuba a missile division consisting of five regiments, a large number of equipment and over 10 thousand people. This was the first time such a task had been solved in the Strategic Missile Forces. Vladimir Fedorovich was responsible for communication with the Ministry navy on issues allocated to troops in the Baltic, on the Black Sea - in Odessa, Nikolaev and Sevastopol - transports. We had to coordinate hundreds of issues for each port, monitor the timely arrival of units and equipment for loading and their shipment to Cuba. The Deputy Commander-in-Chief coped with this task successfully.
But the most important thing was that in the 60s. of the last century, conditions were created for nuclear-missile parity with the United States. “It was a critical period,” recalled Vladimir Fedorovich, “when the scales fluctuated: will we have time for the Americans, will we have time to deliver our missiles without being late, without falling behind, without giving them the temptation to unleash a war.”
During the formation and development of a new type of troops, he carried out the selection and placement of leading personnel, organized activities for the operational-strategic training of senior officers, developed ways to improve the field and combat skills of troops, and carry out combat duty. With his direct participation, missile systems were created, improved organizational structure missile troops, increased the level of combat and political training.
Vladimir Fedorovich recalled the first years of his work as First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces: “It was a difficult, but very interesting and truly heroic time. The task was to create and strengthen at any cost the new kind Armed Forces. To solve it, they did not spare themselves, they worked hard. It was important to implement the decisions of the party and the government within the allotted time, erect a powerful missile shield of the country, capable of protecting it from any surprise, putting an insurmountable barrier to lovers of military adventures.
In 1968 V.F. Tolubko graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff. K.E. Voroshilov and was appointed commander of the Siberian Military District, from May 1969 - the Far Eastern Military District. During this period, the situation Far East remained tense and difficult. Events on Damansky Island in March 1969, violation of airspace by an American aircraft in the summer of 1969 in the area Kuril Islands led to a sharp aggravation of the situation in the region. The new commander had to immediately get involved in the work of increasing combat readiness, strengthening order and organization in the district. Under the leadership of V.F. Tolubko district troops persistently improved their combat skills. Much has been done to equip the troops, a modern training and material base has been created, new military equipment and weapons have been received. Most of the time V.F. Tolubko spent in the garrisons, and not in the office silence of the district headquarters. With his generals and officers, he was directly in the units and formations, taught the command and political staff how to organize the training and education of subordinates, and solve the assigned tasks. All this contributed to an increase in field and air skills, technical and combat training of troops. The Far Eastern District rightfully occupied leading positions in the Armed Forces of the USSR, was a forge for the training of command personnel. It was from the Far Eastern District that many military leaders came out, who later became the country's defense ministers, commanders-in-chief of the branches of the Armed Forces, districts, and also held positions in the central apparatus of the Ministry of Defense.
In September 1970, the troops of the Far Eastern District were visited by the Minister of Defense of the USSR, who got acquainted with the state of combat and political training of motorized riflemen, tankers, pilots, missilemen, artillerymen, with the study of cadets of military schools and training units, with their life and way of life. A.A. Grechko drew attention to the high demands of commanders, headquarters, political agencies and party organizations, their responsibility for the state of combat readiness of the troops, and, based on the results of the work, he highly appreciated the commander of the district, Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko.
In April 1972, V.F. Tolubko is appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR. Vladimir Fedorovich invested all his energy, knowledge and experience in improving the combat and operational training of troops and headquarters, in ensuring the constant combat readiness of the Strategic Missile Forces, in the development of missile technology and weapons. He actively led the rearmament of the Strategic Missile Forces and the putting on combat duty of third-generation missile systems - with multiple warheads and means of overcoming anti-missile defense (RS-18, -20, -16) and Topol mobile intercontinental missiles, and subsequently work to improve tactical -technical characteristics of these missiles.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces had a considerable merit in creating the grouping of the first Pioneer mobile-based RSD missile systems, developing the foundations for their combat use, combat duty and maneuvering. V.F. Tolubko directly organized their flight tests, the development of principles for their placement and combat use.
In the conditions of lack of time, representatives of the Rocket Forces had to solve a lot of issues, coordinate them with representatives of the industry. Therefore, under V.F. Tolubko, such a form of work appeared as joint meetings of the military council of the Strategic Missile Forces and collegiums of the Ministry of Defense Industries, as well as visits directly to factories to resolve issues on the spot, as a result of which many problems were resolved promptly and efficiently.
The commander-in-chief paid special attention to issues of combat duty. Under his leadership, in December 1976, a transition was made to a unified system of organizing and carrying out combat duty on the scale of the Strategic Missile Forces. Common days were established for all and a single procedure for preparation, intercession and shifts, optimal composition of calculations.
Vladimir Fedorovich did a lot to improve the living conditions and life of the personnel of the missile garrisons. Only in the period 1978-1980. more than 1 million residential buildings were built and put into operation square meters, more than 20 thousand apartments. During these years, the movement "For towns of high culture and exemplary social order" was widely developed in the rocket garrisons. And now, in terms of infrastructure development and arrangement, the residential towns of the Strategic Missile Forces are among the best in the Armed Forces.
In all posts, Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko showed a high sense of responsibility, gave his knowledge and extensive experience to strengthening the Armed Forces, increasing their combat readiness. He enjoyed the well-deserved respect of his subordinates and comrades in the service, he was repeatedly elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
During his service in the Rocket Forces, he was present at almost all tests and at most launches of ICBMs, spaceships, during explosions of developed samples of nuclear and thermonuclear munitions.
On August 12, 1976, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, V.F. Tolubko was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, and in 1983 - the military rank of Chief Marshal of Artillery. July 10, 1985 Vladimir Fedorovich was appointed Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
V.F. Tolubko was fond of sports from his youth. Athlete-weightlifter E.A. Penkovsky recalled how the Commander-in-Chief once attended a training session for athletes: “Medium height, stocky, with a small scar near the superciliary arch, he could easily pass for a weightlifter or a classical style wrestler ... The training was in full swing, and the Chief Marshal of Artillery also decided to train , recall your cadet years at the Ulyanovsk Armored School. I will say that on that day he was 57 years old and weighed 80 kg. The marshal's retinue bustled again. We quickly found the smallest barbell. There were small folk bars in those years. Vladimir Fedorovich refused to lift it. I went up to the Olympic and tried to lift 55 kg. He squeezed the weight easily and beautifully, it was felt that once great strength was walking in his muscles. He asked to install 70 kg and also easily overcame them. A smile lit up the marshal's manly face. Now the youth was surprised at the veteran of the Great Patriotic War. ...Marshal Tolubko finished his performance in the bench press with a weight of 85 kg. Pulled out 75 in scissors and pushed 95 kg. I tore off 150 from the platform and sat down with a weight of 130 kg, causing a storm of applause from those present.”
Marshal Tolubko managed to obtain permission from the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR A.N. Kosygin, according to which the rocket troops, as an exception, were allowed to build a sports palace in the city of Odintsovo. On September 6, 1979, the Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces signed a directive “On secondment of a volleyball team to the Military Academy. F.E. Dzerzhinsky with a place of deployment in the Vlasikha garrison. The team named "Iskra" still represents the city of Odintsovo at the Russian volleyball championship.
V.F. Tolubko is the author of the books "Rocket Forces", "To Live - to Serve the Motherland". In collaboration with N.I. Baryshev Vladimir Fedorovich published a historical and memoir essay "From Vidin to Belgrade" about the military operations of Soviet tankers in the Belgrade operation and the book "On the southern flank", dedicated to combat way 4th Guards Mechanized Corps in 1942-1945 In 1979, the publishing house "Young Guard" in the series "Life of Remarkable People" published a book by V.F. Tolubko "Nedelin. First Commander-in-Chief Strategic. Vladimir Fedorovich knew well the front-line and post-war activities of M.I. Nedelin, worked directly with him, performing complex and responsible tasks for the creation and development of the Strategic Missile Forces. Many lines from this work help to get to know Tolubko himself better. He wrote: “I have been working on this book for several years. I wanted to describe the life and combat path of a remarkable person, a prominent and talented military leader Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin, with whom my service was connected. Work with this wonderful charming person, together with him to carry out complex and responsible tasks for the creation and development of the Strategic Missile Forces has always been a great happiness for me, which brought complete moral satisfaction.
The motherland highly appreciated the merits of V.F. Tolubko before the country. He was awarded five Orders of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 2nd class, two Orders of the Patriotic War 1st class, two Orders of the Red Star, the Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd class. , foreign orders and medals. Chief Marshal of Artillery V.F. Tolubko was an honorary citizen of the city of Odintsovo, where a bust of the marshal was erected, and one of the streets of the city was named after him.
Vladimir Fedorovich died on June 17, 1989 and was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
Grave of the Hero of Socialist Labor V.F. Tolubko at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.
Sergei Migulin,
candidate historical sciences, Senior Researcher
Research Institute of Military History
Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Youth
Vladimir Fedorovich Tolubko was born into a working-class family. Ukrainian.
He graduated from 7 classes of high school in 1930, pedagogical courses in 1931. Since 1931 - a teacher at Krestishchenskaya high school. Since May 1932 - instructor of the district committee of the Komsomol in Krasnograd.
Pre-war years and the Great Patriotic War
When a new branch of the military was created - the Strategic Missile Forces, Tolubko was transferred to them and in March 1960 was appointed First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces, at the same time from June 1960 to April 1968 - a member of the Military Council of the Strategic Missile Forces. He played a big role in the formation of a fundamentally new kind of troops. In 1962, he participated in the organization and conduct of Operation Anadyr, being responsible for sending sea vessels rocket parts. In 1968 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR. In April 1968 he was returned to the Ground Forces and was appointed commander of the Siberian Military District. Since May - Commander of the Far Eastern Military District. General of the Army (1970). But then he was again transferred to the Strategic Missile Forces and on April 12, 1972 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR. In 1983 he was awarded the military rank of Chief Marshal of Artillery. This is the only case when such a rank was awarded to a person who previously had the rank of "general of the army", all other chief marshals of the military branches previously had the rank of marshal of this branch of service. Tolubko's activities as Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces are assessed positively by most military experts.
Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1971-1976), member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1976-1989). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 8-11 convocations (1970-1989).
Military ranks
- captain (January 1942)
- major general of tank troops (3.08.1953)
- lieutenant general of tank troops (12/18/1958)
- colonel general (no later than 1960)
- army general (04/30/1970)
- Chief Marshal of Artillery (03/25/1983).
Awards
- Hero of Socialist Labor (08/12/1976)
- five Orders of Lenin (1972, 1974, 08/12/1976, 1982, 1984)
- four Orders of the Red Banner (09/09/1944, 09/29/1944, 1953, 1968)
- Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, 2nd class (November 3, 1944)
- two Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class (07/25/1944, 03/11/1985)
- two Orders of the Red Star (1948, 1964)
- Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR", 3rd class (1975)
- USSR medals.
- Foreign orders and medals.
Compositions
- Tolubko V. F., Baryshev N. I. On the southern flank. Combat path of the 4th Guards Mechanized Corps (1942–1945). - M .: Nauka, 1973. - 400 p.
- Tolubko, V.F. Rocket troops. - Moscow: Knowledge, 1977.
- Tolubko V. F. Nedelin. The first commander-in-chief of strategic. - M .: "Young Guard", 1979. - 222 p. (The life of remarkable people. A series of biographies. Issue 4 (590)).
- Tolubko VF To live - to serve the motherland. - Moscow: DOSAAF Publishing House, 1978. - 87 p., 5 p. ill.; 20 cm
- Tolubko V.F., Baryshev N.I. From Viden to Belgrade. Historical-memoir essay on the fighting of Soviet tankers in the Belgrade operation. - Moscow: Nauka, 1968. - 240 p., 1 sheet. plan. : ill.; 20 cm
Memory
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Notes
Literature
- Sukhnev G. A., Masliy S. B. Military Council of the Strategic Missile Forces. - Moscow, 2007.
- Petrov V.I. Chief Marshal of Artillery V.F. Tolubko. "Military Historical Journal". - 1984. - No. 11. - P. 49-52.
- "Tashkent" - Rifle cell / [under the general. ed. A. A. Grechko]. - M. : Military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1976. - 690 p. - (Soviet military encyclopedia: [in 8 volumes]; 1976-1980, v. 8)..
- Military Encyclopedic Dictionary of Strategic Missile Forces / Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation .; Ch. editors: I. D. Sergeev, V. N. Yakovlev, N. E. Solovtsov. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 1999. - 632 p. - 8500 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-315-X..
Links
Site "Heroes of the Country".
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An excerpt characterizing Tolubko, Vladimir Fedorovich
“They are always wise with older children, they want to do something extraordinary,” said the guest.- What a sin to conceal, ma chere! The countess was wiser with Vera, said the count. - Well, yes, well! all the same, she came out glorious,” he added, winking approvingly at Vera.
The guests got up and left, promising to arrive at dinner.
- What a manner! Already sitting, sitting! - said the countess, seeing off the guests.
When Natasha came out of the living room and ran, she only ran as far as the flower shop. In this room she stopped, listening to the conversation in the living room and waiting for Boris to come out. She was already beginning to get impatient and, stamping her foot, was about to cry because he was not walking right away, when not quiet, not quick, decent steps of a young man were heard.
Natasha quickly rushed between the tubs of flowers and hid.
Boris stopped in the middle of the room, looked around, brushed a speck off the sleeve of his uniform with his hand, and went up to the mirror, examining his handsome face. Natasha, hushed, peered out of her ambush, waiting for what he would do. He stood for some time in front of the mirror, smiled and went to the exit door. Natasha wanted to call him, but then changed her mind. Let him search, she told herself. As soon as Boris left, a flushed Sonya came out of another door, whispering something angrily through her tears. Natasha refrained from her first movement to run out to her and remained in her ambush, as if under an invisible cap, looking out for what was happening in the world. She experienced a special new pleasure. Sonya whispered something and looked back at the drawing-room door. Nicholas came out of the door.
– Sonya! What happened to you? Is it possible? Nikolay said, running up to her.
“Nothing, nothing, leave me!” Sonya sobbed.
- No, I know what.
- Well, you know, and fine, and go to her.
- Sooonya! One word! Is it possible to torment me and yourself like that because of fantasy? Nikolai said, taking her by the hand.
Sonya did not tear her hand away from him and stopped crying.
Natasha, without moving or breathing, looked from her ambush with shining heads. "What will happen now"? she thought.
– Sonya! I don't need the whole world! You alone are everything to me,” Nikolai said. - I'll prove it to you.
“I don't like it when you talk like that.
- Well, I won’t, sorry, Sonya! He pulled her towards him and kissed her.
"Oh, how good!" Natasha thought, and when Sonya and Nikolai left the room, she followed them and called Boris to her.
“Boris, come here,” she said with a significant and sly air. “I need to tell you one thing. Here, here,” she said, and led him into the flower shop to the place between the tubs where she had been hidden. Boris, smiling, followed her.
What is this one thing? - he asked.
She was embarrassed, looked around her and, seeing her doll thrown on a tub, took it in her hands.
“Kiss the doll,” she said.
Boris looked into her lively face with an attentive, affectionate look and did not answer.
- You do not want? Well, then come here, - she said and went deeper into the flowers and threw the doll. - Closer, closer! she whispered. She caught the officer by the cuffs with her hands, and solemnity and fear were visible in her reddened face.
- Do you want to kiss me? she whispered in a barely audible voice, looking at him from under her brows, smiling and almost crying with excitement.
Boris blushed.
- How funny you are! he said, leaning towards her, blushing even more, but doing nothing and waiting.
She suddenly jumped up on the tub, so that she stood taller than him, hugged him with both arms, so that her thin bare arms bent above his neck, and throwing her hair back with a movement of her head, kissed him on the very lips.
She slipped between the pots to the other side of the flowers and, head down, stopped.
“Natasha,” he said, “you know that I love you, but ...
- Are you in love with me? Natasha interrupted him.
- Yes, I am in love, but please, let's not do what is now ... Four more years ... Then I will ask for your hand.
Natasha thought.
“Thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen…” she said, counting on her thin fingers. - Fine! Is it over?
And a smile of joy and reassurance lit up her lively face.
- It's over! Boris said.
- Forever? – said the girl. - Until death?
And, taking him by the arm, with a happy face she quietly walked beside him into the sofa.
The countess was so tired of the visits that she did not order to receive anyone else, and the porter was only ordered to call everyone who would still come with congratulations to eat without fail. The Countess wanted to talk face to face with her childhood friend, Princess Anna Mikhailovna, whom she had not seen well since her arrival from Petersburg. Anna Mikhailovna, with her tearful and pleasant face, moved closer to the countess's chair.
"I'll be completely frank with you," said Anna Mikhailovna. “There aren’t many of us left, old friends!” That's why I treasure your friendship.
Anna Mikhailovna looked at Vera and stopped. The countess shook hands with her friend.
“Vera,” said the countess, turning to her eldest daughter, who was obviously unloved. How do you have no idea? Don't you feel like you're out of place here? Go to your sisters, or...
Beautiful Vera smiled contemptuously, apparently not feeling the slightest insult.
“If you had told me long ago, mother, I would have left at once,” she said, and went to her room.
But, passing by the sofa, she noticed that two couples were sitting symmetrically in it at two windows. She stopped and smiled contemptuously. Sonya was sitting close beside Nikolai, who was copying for her the poems he had composed for the first time. Boris and Natasha were sitting at the other window and fell silent when Vera entered. Sonya and Natasha looked at Vera with guilty and happy faces.
It was fun and touching to look at these girls in love, but the sight of them, obviously, did not arouse a pleasant feeling in Vera.
“How many times have I asked you,” she said, “not to take my things, you have your own room.
She took the inkwell from Nikolai.
“Now, now,” he said, wetting his pen.
“You know how to do everything at the wrong time,” Vera said. - Then they ran into the living room, so that everyone felt ashamed for you.
In spite of the fact, or precisely because what she said was perfectly true, no one answered her, and all four only looked at each other. She hesitated in the room with an inkwell in her hand.
- And what secrets can there be between Natasha and Boris and between you at your age - all just nonsense!
“Well, what do you care, Vera? - Natasha spoke intercessively in a quiet voice.
She, apparently, was to everyone even more than always, on this day kind and affectionate.
“It’s very stupid,” Vera said, “I’m ashamed of you. What are the secrets?...
- Everyone has their own secrets. We don’t touch you and Berg,” Natasha said, getting excited.
“I think you don’t touch it,” Vera said, “because there can never be anything bad in my actions. But I'll tell my mother how you get along with Boris.
“Natalia Ilyinishna treats me very well,” said Boris. “I can't complain,” he said.
- Leave it, Boris, you are such a diplomat (the word diplomat was in great use among children in the special meaning that they attached to this word); even boring,” said Natasha in an offended, trembling voice. Why is she coming to me? You will never understand this,” she said, turning to Vera, “because you have never loved anyone; you have no heart, you are only madame de Genlis [Madame Genlis] (this nickname, considered very offensive, was given to Vera by Nikolai), and your first pleasure is to make trouble for others. You flirt with Berg as much as you like,” she said quickly.
- Yes, I’m sure I won’t run after a young man in front of the guests ...
“Well, she got her way,” Nikolai intervened, “she told everyone troubles, upset everyone. Let's go to the nursery.
All four, like a flock of frightened birds, got up and left the room.
“They told me trouble, but I didn’t give anything to anyone,” Vera said.
— Madame de Genlis! Madame de Genlis! laughing voices said from behind the door.
The beautiful Vera, who produced such an irritating, unpleasant effect on everyone, smiled and, apparently not affected by what she was told, went to the mirror and straightened her scarf and her hair. Looking at her beautiful face, she seemed to become even colder and calmer.
The conversation continued in the living room.
- Ah! chere, - said the countess, - and in my life tout n "est pas rose. Can't I see that du train, que nous allons, [not all roses. - with our way of life,] our state will not last long! And it's all a club, and its kindness. We live in the country, do we rest? Theatres, hunts, and God knows what. But what can I say about me! Well, how did you arrange all this? I often wonder at you, Annette, how it is you, at your age, ride alone in a wagon, to Moscow, to Petersburg, to all the ministers, to all the nobility, you know how to get along with everyone, I'm surprised!
- Ah, my soul! - answered Princess Anna Mikhailovna. “God forbid you find out how hard it is to be a widow without support and with a son whom you love to adoration. You will learn everything,” she continued with a certain pride. “My process taught me. If I need to see one of these aces, I write a note: “princesse une telle [princess such and such] wants to see such and such” and I myself go in a cab at least two, at least three times, at least four, until I achieve what I need. I don't care what they think of me.
- Well, what about, whom did you ask about Borenka? the countess asked. - After all, here is your officer of the guard, and Nikolushka is a cadet. Someone to bother. Whom did you ask?
- Prince Vasily. He was very nice. Now I have agreed to everything, I have reported to the sovereign,” Princess Anna Mikhailovna said with delight, completely forgetting all the humiliation through which she went through to achieve her goal.
- Why is he getting old, Prince Vasily? the countess asked. - I didn’t see him from our theaters at the Rumyantsevs. And I think he forgot about me. Il me faisait la cour, [He dragged after me,] - the countess remembered with a smile.
- Still the same, - answered Anna Mikhailovna, - amiable, crumbling. Les grandeurs ne lui ont pas touriene la tete du tout. [The high position did not turn his head at all.] “I regret that I can do too little for you, dear princess,” he tells me, “order.” No, he is a nice person and a wonderful native. But you know, Nathalieie, my love for my son. I don't know what I wouldn't do to make him happy. And my circumstances are so bad,” Anna Mikhaylovna continued sadly and lowering her voice, “so bad that I am now in the most terrible position. My unfortunate process eats up everything I have and does not move. I don't have, you can imagine, a la lettre [literally] no dime of money, and I don't know what to equip Boris with. She took out her handkerchief and wept. - I need five hundred rubles, and I have one twenty-five-ruble note. I am in such a position ... One of my hopes is now on Count Kirill Vladimirovich Bezukhov. If he does not want to support his godson - after all, he baptized Borya - and assign him something to support, then all my troubles will be lost: I will have nothing to equip him with.
The Countess shed a tear and silently pondered something.
“I often think, maybe it’s a sin,” said the princess, “but I often think: Count Kirill Vladimirovich Bezukhoy lives alone ... this is a huge fortune ... and what does he live for? Life is a burden for him, and Borya is just starting to live.
“He will probably leave something for Boris,” said the countess.
“God knows, chere amie!” [dear friend!] These rich people and nobles are so selfish. But all the same, I’ll go to him now with Boris and tell him straight out what’s the matter. Let them think what they want about me, it really doesn't matter to me when the fate of my son depends on it. The princess got up. “Now it’s two o’clock, and at four o’clock you have dinner.” I can go.
And with the manners of a Petersburg business lady who knows how to use time, Anna Mikhailovna sent for her son and went out with him into the hall.
“Farewell, my soul,” she said to the countess, who accompanied her to the door, “wish me success,” she added in a whisper from her son.
- Are you visiting Count Kirill Vladimirovich, ma chere? said the count from the dining-room, also going out into the hall. - If he is better, call Pierre to dine with me. After all, he visited me, danced with the children. Call by all means, ma chere. Well, let's see how Taras excels today. He says that Count Orlov never had such a dinner as we will have.
Tolubko Vladimir Fedorovich was born on November 25 (according to Art. 12), 1914 in Constantinograd, Poltava province (now Krasnograd, Kharkov region, Ukraine) in a working class family. Ukrainian.
He graduated from 7 classes of secondary school in 1930, pedagogical courses in 1931. Since 1931 - a teacher at the Epiphany secondary school. Since May 1932 - instructor of the district committee of the Komsomol in Krasnograd.
Education. Graduated from Ulyanovsk BTU (1937), VAMM (1941).
Participation in wars, military conflicts. The Great Patriotic War.
Service in the Red Army. From November 8, 1932, he was a cadet of the junior commanding school with a separate sapper squadron of the 14th cavalry division, after the successful completion of which he was appointed assistant platoon commander of the same school, and then - tank commander of the mechanized regiment of the 14th cavalry division.
From November 1935 to 1937 he was a cadet of the Ulyanovsk armored school (from April 1937 - the Ulyanovsk armored school).
Since 1937 - the commander of a tank platoon of the 12th mechanized brigade (Kiev Military District). Successfully continuing his service in the 12th mechanized brigade, in April 1938 he was appointed platoon commander of a reconnaissance battalion.
In September 1938 - May 1941 - a student of the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army named after. I. V. Stalin.
In May 1941, he was appointed head of the 1st branch of the headquarters of the 21st Panzer Division in the Leningrad Military District.
During the Great Patriotic War he fought on the Leningrad and Kalinin fronts.
In July - August 1941, assistant chief of the operational department, from August to October 1941, head of the operational department, from October 1941 - chief of staff of the 21st Panzer Division. From February to July 1942 - Chief of Staff of the 104th Tank Brigade. A short time in July 1942 - commander of the 104th tank brigade. At the end of July 1942 he was seriously wounded in battles on the Kalinin front.
After recovery from February 21, 1943, he was appointed teacher at the Department of Tactics of the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization of the Red Army. I.V. Stalin. In February 1944, he was again sent to the active army as the chief of staff of a military unit ??, from April 1944 - head of the operational department of the headquarters of the 4th Guards. mechanized corps on the 3rd Ukrainian front. In this position, he participated in the Odessa, Iasi-Kishinev, Belgrade, and Budapest operations.
In 1945 - commander of the 13th Guards. mechanized brigade, head of the operational department of the headquarters of the 2nd Guards. tank army, chief of staff of the 4th Guards. mechanized division, head of the operations department and deputy chief of staff of the 5th Guards. mechanized army of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command.
From 1948 to December 1950 - studying at the Higher military academy named after K. E. Voroshilov.
Since 1950 - Chief of Staff of the Guards Mechanized Division. From March 1951 - commander of the 19th Guards. mechanized division in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. From May 1953 - Chief of Staff, and from December 1954 - First Deputy Commander of the Guards Mechanized Army. From June 1956 - Assistant to the Commander-in-Chief - Head of the Combat Training Department of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. From July 1957 - Commander of the 1st Guards. Panzer Red Banner Army (headquarters in Dresden). From April 1958 - Commander of the 8th Guards. Combined Arms Order of Lenin Army (headquarters in Nora).
When a new type of troops was created - the Strategic Missile Forces, Tolubko was transferred to them and in March 1960 was appointed First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces, at the same time from June 1960 to April 1968 - a member of the Military Council of the Strategic Missile Forces. He played a big role in the formation of a fundamentally new kind of troops. In 1962, he participated in the organization and conduct of the Anadyr operation, being responsible for the dispatch of missile units by sea vessels.
In 1968 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces. In April 1968 he was returned to the Ground Forces and was appointed commander of the Siberian Military District. From May 1969 - commander of the troops of the Far Eastern Military District. General of the Army (1970). But then he was again transferred to the Strategic Missile Forces and on April 12, 1972 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces - Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR.
In 1983 he was awarded the military rank of Chief Marshal of Artillery. This is the only case when such a rank was awarded to a person who previously had the rank of "general of the army", all other chief marshals of the military branches previously had the rank of marshal of this branch of service. Tolubko's activities as Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces are assessed positively by most military experts.
Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1971-1976), member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1976-1989). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 8-11 convocations (1970-1989).
On July 10, 1985, he was relieved of his post and appointed Inspector General of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Lived in Moscow.
Military ranks: lieutenant (1937), senior lieutenant, captain (January 1942), major (1942), lieutenant colonel (1943), colonel (1944), major-gen. military lieutenant (12/18/1958), colonel general (05/07/1960), army general (04/30/1970), chief marshal of artillery (03/25/1983).
Awards: Hero of Socialist Labor (08/12/1976), Hammer and Sickle Medal (No. 17860 of 08/12/1976), five Orders of Lenin (1972; 1974; No. 424987, 08/12/1976; 1982; 1984), four Orders of the Red Banner (09.09 .1944, 09/29/1944, 1953, 1968), Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, II degree (11/03/1944), two Orders of the Patriotic War, I degree (07/25/1944, 03/11/1985), two Orders of the Red Star (1948, 1964), Order "For service to the Motherland in Armed Forces USSR "III degree (1975).
Medals: "For Military Merit" (1944), "For the Defense of Leningrad" (1942), "For the Victory over Germany" (1945), "For the Capture of Vienna" (1945), "For the Liberation of Prague" (1945), "30 years Soviet army and Navy" (1948), "40 years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1957), "30 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic war 1941-1945" (1975), "For strengthening military commonwealth"(1980), "40 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." (1985).
Foreign orders and medals.
Order "Partisan Star" I degree (1944); Order of Georgy Dimitrov (1985);
Compositions
- Tolubko V.F., Baryshev N.I. On the southern flank. Combat path of the 4th Guards Mechanized Corps (1942–1945). - M.: Nauka, 1973. - 400 p.
- Tolubko VF Rocket troops. - M.: Knowledge, 1977.
- Tolubko V. F. Nedelin. The first commander-in-chief of strategic. - M.: Young Guard, 1979. - 222 p. - (The life of remarkable people. A series of biographies. Issue 4 (590)).
- Tolubko VF To live - to serve the motherland. - M.: Publishing house DOSAAF, 1978. - 87 p., 5 p. ill.
- Tolubko V.F., Baryshev N.I. From Vidin to Belgrade. Historical-memoir essay on the fighting of Soviet tankers in the Belgrade operation. / Ed. and with preface. V. F. Chizha. - M.: Nauka, 1968. - 240 p., 1 sheet. plan. : ill.
Honorary citizen of the cities of Odintsovo (Moscow region), Comrat (Moldova). His bust was erected in the city of Odintsovo, his name was also given to a street in the microdistrict 7-a. In memory of V. F. Tolubko, a departmental medal of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation was established.
