Educational and research work "History of the village of Old Mataki". About the settlement

Miftakhov Ilmir, Tikhonov Viktor

Introduction

Today, it is relevant to study one's past in order to understand the present and predict the future. It is impossible to understand the historical events of one's country without direct contact with the historical past of one's village, one's family. In our research work, we will historical sources, analyze the material received, according to the guards of the village and witnesses historical events. We will give a description of the natural features of the region, the socio-economic development of the village and nearby settlements.

The chronological framework of the study is the era of the Volga Bulgaria to the present. Directions of work: the history of the village at various historical stages, the emergence of the name of the village, biographies of interesting people.

In our work, we used the following sources: Tatar Encyclopedic Dictionary. Chief Editor M.Kh. Khasanov. Kazan. Institute of the Tatar Encyclopedia of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, 1999 G.;(Atlas of the Republic of Tatarstan Production mapping association "Kartography" Moscow 2005) From which I learned about the officially adopted concept for the emergence of the village, as well as brief data on the number of inhabitants and occupations of the village population.

I was able to determine what the state of the region was during the period of the “Kazan Khanate” and what our land represented in this period. A study of the writings of Ahmad - Zaki Walidi and Asrar Ghali contributed huge contribution in the study of the history of the Turkic peoples, in the initial period of the Golden Horde dominion, they made it possible to determine the version of the origin of the name of the village.

Work in the school museum to study the collected material, archaeological sources and national characteristics of the population of the region made it possible to reveal a general picture of the life of the village. There is especially a lot of material on the period of the late 19th century - the 20th century and the present.

Work was carried out to collect information from the villagers - witnesses of various historical events. The richest material was collected from the study of the period of the Great Patriotic War. One of the main pages of my research is the genealogy of my family. Touching upon the history of the family of the twentieth century, the essence of the history of my village and the country as a whole was revealed to me step by step. Documents, letters, photographs, all this became the object of our study.

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MOU "Staro - Matakskaya general education

high school» Alkeevsky municipal district

Republic of Tatarstan

Educational - research

"History of the village of Old Mataki".

Completed by: Miftakhov Ilmir,

Tikhonov Victor

IX grade students

Head: Tikhonov Sergey Yurievich teacher of history and social studies - I quarter. categories

January, 2008

From the Tatar Encyclopedia (1st volume):

SETTLEMENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

UPPER MATAKI, Turi Matak - a village in Alkeev. district of Rep. Tatarstan. Located in the upper reaches of the river. Aktai, 10 km SW from the district. center - with. Bazaar Mataki. It has been mentioned in documents since 1710, the second name is noted - Chuvashskoe Tyugulbaevo. The peasants belonged to the category of yasak, from the beginning. 18th century - State, engaged in agriculture. Until 1920 it was part of Bazarno-Matakov. Spas parish. y. Kazan. lips., from 1920 - in Spas. canton of Tatars. ASSR, since 1930 - in Alkeev. district In the beginning. 20th century there was a school, there were 2 windmills, a smithy, 2 grocery stores. Number of inhabitants: in 1782 - 93 men; 1859 - 355 people; 1897 - 590; 1908 - 674; 1926 - 544; 1938 - 511; 1949 - 456; 1958 - 473; 1970 - 554; 1989 - 293; 2000 - 265 people (Chuvash). There are beginnings. school, club.

ABDUL-SALMANY (Abdul Salmany)

A village in the Alkeevsky district, in the upper reaches of the river. Salmanka, 17 km west of the village. Bazaar Mataki. For 2000 - 66 inhabitants. (Tatars). Beef cattle. Main in the 17th century At 18 - 1st floor. 19th centuries residents belonged to the state category. peasants. They were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding. In the beginning. 20th century you. a mosque, a mekteb, 2 grocery stores functioned. Until 1920 A.-S., under the name. Abdulov Salman, were part of the Matak parish. Spassky at. Kazan province. Since 1920 it has been part of the Spassky Canton of the TASSR. Since 10.8.1930 in Alkeevsky, since 1.2.1963 in Kuibyshevsky, since 12.1.1965 in Alkeevsky districts. Number of inhabitants: 211 in 1859, 255 in 1897, 290 in 1908, 266 in 1921, 182 in 1926, 236 in 1938, 255 in 1949, 189 in 1958, 240 in 1970, 1979 - 216, in 1989 - 75 people.

Introduction

Today, it is relevant to study one's past in order to understand the present and predict the future. It is impossible to understand the historical events of one's country without direct contact with the historical past of one's village, one's family. In our research work, we will process historical sources, analyze the material received from the words of the guards of the village and witnesses of historical events. We will give a description of the natural features of the region, the socio-economic development of the village and nearby settlements.

The chronological framework of the study is the era of the Volga Bulgaria to the present. Directions of work: the history of the village at various historical stages, the emergence of the name of the village, biographies of interesting people.

In our work, we used the following sources:Tatar encyclopedic dictionary. Chief editor M.Kh. Khasanov. Kazan. Institute of the Tatar Encyclopedia of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1999; (Atlas of the Republic of Tatarstan Production mapping association "Kartography" Moscow 2005)From which I learned about the officially adopted concept for the emergence of the village, as well as brief data on the number of inhabitants and occupations of the village population.

From the magazine (Echo of the Ages 1994 No. 1-2 st. 53).I was able to determine what the state of the region was during the period of the “Kazan Khanate” and what our land represented in this period. The study of the works of Ahmad - Zaki Validi and Asrar Gali, who made a great contribution to the study of the history of the Turkic peoples, in the initial period of the Golden Horde domination, made it possible to determine the version of the origin of the name of the village.

Work in the school museum to study the collected material, archaeological sources and national characteristics of the population of the region made it possible to reveal a general picture of the life of the village. There is especially a lot of material on the period of the late 19th century - the 20th century and the present.

Work was carried out to collect information from the villagers - witnesses of various historical events. The richest material was collected from the study of the period of the Great Patriotic War. One of the main pages of my research is the genealogy of my family. Touching upon the history of the family of the twentieth century, the essence of the history of my village and the country as a whole was revealed to me step by step. Documents, letters, photographs, all this became the object of our study.

Purpose of the study:

“Open” the veil of the history of your village, school as widely as possible; awareness of one's place between past and future, ancestors and descendants.

Research methodology

In doing the work, we used the methods of conversation, interview, survey. In the process of processing documents, they analyzed, questioned the reliability of facts, drew conclusions and summed up.

I. 1. From the ancient history of the village.

As you know, the history of the village is directly related to the history of the region. The ethnic history of the village is directly intertwined with all the ethnic representatives who inhabited our region in different historical eras. This is the Imenkovskaya archaeological culture, Finno-Ugric tribes, Magyars, 7-8 centuries. Bulgarians, 13th c. Mongolo-Tatars, 16th c. Slavs.

On the left bank of the Aktai River, opposite the modern village of Starye Mataki, there is the Old Matak settlement. It has two rows of earthen ramparts. The most preserved inner row is the so-called "Kremlin". The area of ​​the settlement covers about 3000 square meters. It can be assumed that the Kremlin was surrounded by an oak palisade. fragments of the underground part of the palisade were found. The fortress is located between two ravines with steep banks. The Aktai River flows from the southwestern and southern sides of the fortress.(See diagram Appendix 3)This settlement according to Professor A.Kh. Khalikov belong to the early feudal period of the Bulgar state.

In the north, 5 - 6 km from the modern village of Starye Mataki, there are earthen ramparts of the ancient Bulgarian city of Nukhrat. According to a legend that has survived to this day, the Old Matak settlement was connected with the city of Nukhrat by an underground passage, but the scientific justification for this legend is present stage not available. The city of Nukhrat was located in the center between the great cities of the Volga Bulgaria: Bolgars, Bilyar, Suvar.

In the summer of 2005, an archaeological expedition was carried out by Kazan archaeologists, led by A. Burganov. On the site of the Kremlin ancient city Nuhrat found finds of the Bulgar period, mainly tiles, arrowheads, several remains of tools; the most interesting of all is the coin of the Golden Horde Khan Khyzyr. Most of the exhibits are currently under study in Kazan, after which some of them will be transferred to local history museum district

Near the Old Matak settlement, local residents found armor, arrowheads, the remains of combat swords, chain mail, testifying to the battles. Not far from the settlement, a Bulgarian battle hatchet was found, which was minted iron in the second half of the 8th - 9th centuries.(See photo attachment 2)

In 1236, Khan Batu had previously encountered the Magyars and after their defeat he headed for the Bulgarian cities of Bulgar, Bilyar, Suvar, Nukhrat. 3 km east of the village of Old Mataki is the village of Upper Mataki. In pre-revolutionary sources, the village is referred to as Chuvashskoe Tyugulbaevo.(Tatar encyclopedic dictionary, editor-in-chief M.Kh. Khasanov. Kazan. Institute of Tat. Encyclop. AN. RT. 1999)Locals call the inhabitants of the Upper Mataks - Magyars. There is a legend about the origin of this name. The inhabitants of the village of Upper Mataki were residents of the modern village of Tyugulbaevo (this is 10 - 12 km east of the modern village) and in the process of the great migration of peoples they had to move to modern place the location of the village. The population was not homogeneous. The settlers were mostly Hungarians. And it can be assumed that further assimilation processes as a result of which the language and culture of the Hungarians dissolved in the language and culture of the prevailing Chuvash culture of the area. But folk memory brought to us the ethnic name of this people - the Magyars. Although most often today the population of Upper Matak is perceived as an insult.

1-2 km to the south-west of the Staro - Mataksky village there was a "Girl's Town". The name of the town can be assumed to have come from the bulk of the inhabitants. The men were mostly killed in combat with the enemy. The presence of the town is evidenced by the finds of ceramics, earthen ramparts at this place. After the establishment of the state Golden Horde the modern village of Old Mataki is founded. As you know, the Horde did not allow the former fortresses to be rebuilt, so the Old Mataks no longer acquired their former power.

According to another officially existing version, today the Staro-Matak settlement is an archaeological monument of the era of the White Horde and the Kazan Khanate. Early 13th - mid 14th centuries (Atlas of the Republic of Tatarstan Production mapping association "Kartography" Moscow 2005)

Our land, according to written sources, was a wild land until these lands were handed out "The letter of the tsars and Grand Dukes John Alekseevich and Peter Alekseevich on the allotment of wild land, the Kazan district, to the estate of the Tartar Derbysh Akhmimetov, the son of Urmancheev, who served from the Murza".

And according to the decree of the Great Sovereigns, and according to the letter from the order of the Kazan Palace, he, Murza Urmancheev, was ordered to measure out from the wild land good arable land in the villages of Kamkino one hundred and twenty-quarters in the field, and hay mowing for a hundred kopecks, and arable land granted in Alatyrsky district from - write out of the books for him, and write off the current arable land, granted land in Moscow for him, and keep it to Murza Urmancheev forever, and not take it away from anyone". (Echo of centuries 1994 No. 1-2 st.53).

Written sources mention some historical events with the participation of our population in them. Bashkir uprising 1705 - 1709 ; 1735 - 1740 Near the village were government troops led by A.I. Babikov.

The population of the region carried duties in favor of the state and performed various duties, including recruitment service in the army and the construction of the Kazan shipyard, and timber rafting for the construction of ships as lashmans. The most brutal exploitation of the population led to the manifestation of discontent and participation in various uprisings.

The second half of the 19th century - the Bezdninsky uprising - the village of Bezdna under the leadership of Anton Petrov. In this uprising, the villagers took a direct part.

I. 2. Where did the name of the village come from and what does the word “mataki” mean?

Let us turn to the world famous scientist, historian, public and political figure Ahmad - Zaki Validi, who made a great contribution to the study of the history of the Turkic peoples during the reigns of Genghis Khan and Aksak Timer. Between their states there was an exchange of troops, they shared valuable knowledge. The peoples living along the banks of the Volga, Kama and Vyatka were sent to military service to China, and the Chinese were sent here to teach their crafts, to master local crafts. The Arabs lived more by trade, they also came to Central Asia, Siberia and on the coast of the Volga and Kama. “Myatag” is an Arabic word, it should mean valuable things, living creatures, household items and a trading place. Asrar Gali in the third book of his novel "Gali Batyr" explains the origin of this name. For the Arabs, the trading place was Myatag. It was difficult for the local people, especially those who were not Muslims, to pronounce the word Myatag, it is easier for them to pronounce Matag. (Chuv. "Mataga karamar" - let's go to Mataki). And for the common people, the most convenient, of course, is Matak. In this regard, the transformation of the word "Myatag" into "Matak" is similar to the truth. Perhaps our modern regional center Bazarny Mataki was such a place, but the village of Starye Mataki is older in origin (its name also testifies to this, although there is a lot of obscurity here. Since in the Chuvash version of the name Starye Mataki is the canopy of Matag, that is, New Mataki, and Bazarny Mataki - kivi Matag - Old Mataki) The American historian M. Gilderhus wittily remarked: "Lock a dozen historians in a room, give them the same set of sources - and they will certainly come to ten different conclusions."

But still, I will follow my logical chain and assume that the Arabic word underlies the name of our settlement. There is another assumption on the origin of the name of the village - this is a legend preserved in the memory of the people, which says that there was a legendary man who brought our people to these places and ordered to build a dwelling and plow the land, and his name was "Matak". Perhaps this version has the right to exist, but it requires more careful processing, additional sources and their analysis.

The Bulgarians had close ties with many peoples, including Byzantine Empire. At the beginning of the 6th century, they participated in the Byzantine civil strife on the side of some contenders for power in the Roman Empire. From that moment on, the Bulgarians are almost constantly mentioned in Byzantine, Syrian, and Armenian sources, for example, in Paul the Deacon, Theophylact Simokatta, Zacharias Rhetor, etc. Greek the word "Metek" was used to refer to a settler and, accordingly, meteki are settlers. Close contacts are known to lead to mutual cultural enrichment and borrowing of individual words for a more accurate definition of certain things. It can be assumed that the Bulgarians adopted the word "Metek" and later used in their language in its direct sense - a settler, settlers. Perhaps this has something to do with the name of our village.

II.1. From the modern and recent history of the village of Old Mataki.

Old Mataki is a village in the Alkeevsky district on the river. Aktai, 6 km southwest of the village. Bazaar Mataki. In 1989, 456 inhabitants of the Chuvash, in 1997, 451 inhabitants. High school. The main occupation of the population is farming and cattle breeding. Founded no later than the beginning of the 18th century.Tatar encyclopedic dictionary. Chief editor M.Kh. Khasanov. Kazan. Institute of the Tatar Encyclopedia of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1999

The village at the beginning of the 20th century was divided into two parts: Chuvash and Russian. Before the revolution, a church functioned in the village and it was located on the site of a school site. The building of the church was wooden, and during the fire of 1932 it completely burned down.

The 20th century entered the history of the village as rapidly as it did the history of the country. The Great October Revolution after which great changes began in the village. In the spring of 1918, the division of the land took place. The peasants hoped to reap a rich harvest and sell the surplus. Already in June 1918, committees of the poor began to be formed, the main purpose of which was to collect grain for the benefit of the state. The Kombed in the village is organized by Ignatiy Petrovich Leontiev, Nikita Mikhailovich Lychnikov, Evdokim Vasilyevich Nagornov (chairman). The village suffered greatly in the hungry years of 1920-21. The local cemetery has two mass graves from 1921 and 1931. In 1929 collectivization began in the village. The collective farm "Bolshevik" was organized, which included 10 families, these are the families: Leontyeva I.P., Bulankina Y.T., Volkova M.F., Lychnikova N.M., Chvanova A.I. and others. The first chairman, was Bulankin Vasily Gurevich, later he was repressed. Efrosinya Kalmykova became the next chairman. Then Kuzma Platonovich Kalmykov, who worked for only one summer, becomes chairman. A 25,000-strong Kirpichev appears in the village, a worker in one of the factories in Kazan, who is appointed chairman. The village was disturbing. The usual life of the peasants has changed innovations. There were clashes between the government and the people. According to the stories of the watchman V. Volkov, in the summer of 1932, the horse yard of the collective farm was set on fire. The flames under a strong wind spread to a wooden church, which completely burned down. About ten houses were also burned down. In this fire, trying to save the collective farm good, Alexander Vasilyevich Kazakov perishes. In the same year, A.I., the chairman of the village council, was shot from a kulak sawn-off shotgun. Kazakov. This crime was attributed to the intrigues of ardent enemies of the collectivization of the kulaks and 12 families were deported from Tatarstan, and their property became the property of the collective farm. In such conditions, the Bolshevik collective farm was created.

II. 2 Great test.

The news of the beginning of the war in June 1941 interrupted the peaceful life of the villagers. In the fields and on the farm, men were replaced by women and teenagers. These are: E.I. Bulankina, T.I. Volkova, I.I. Irdinkina, M.A. Leontiev - worked as tractor drivers. 14-15-year-old teenagers performed real male work: Stepan Bulankin, Nikolai Lychnikov, Dmitry Ivanov, Pyotr Irdinkin, V. Kazakov.Children who had to endure all the hardships and hardships of that terrible war. “It was hard exhausting work, poor food. A cow and a potato helped to survive, ”recalls Maria Grigoryevna Bulankina. Winters were cold. During the war, all the crosses were collected at the cemetery for firewood. The children got sick very often. And the diseases were mostly associated with malnutrition and hunger. The most common diseases were: rickets, trachoma, scabies and others. Despite the hardships and hardships, people have not lost their appearance and have always treated each other with reverence and respect. This meant that it was impossible to break and defeat such a people.

II. 3. Post-war recovery

In 1957, the Bolshevik collective farm became part of the Salmanovsky state farm. The village of Old Mataki became the 5th branch of the state farm. In 1963, on the basis of this department, the Alkeevsky state farm was founded.

IN different years the directors of the state farm were: Kiyamov M.K., Spirin N.T.,

Safin G.G., Gaifullin R.K., Moshkov V.Ya., Akhmadullin R.A., Nagornov Yu.V., Ibatullin R.S. Moshkov V.Ya. was the initiator of the construction and improvement of the village of Old Mataki. The center of the village was recreated, where cultural and administrative buildings and objects were concentrated. Were built: kindergarten, administrative building, dining room with hotel department. Store area of ​​500 sq. meters, house of culture. In the center of the village there is a monument to the "Warrior Liberator". Construction began in the second half of the 1980s modern school villages.

At present, the village has received an investor since 2006, it is part of the Krasny Vostok - Agro joint-stock company. The foreman is Ibatullin R.S.

III. 1. From the history of the school.

The school was opened as a one-class zemstvo school from 11/1/1885. Taught: since 1890 — Maxim Petrov, since 1893 — Andrey Tikhonov, since 1895 — Semyon Ivanovich Makarov, since 1902 — Kozma Evgeniev, since 19006 — Yakov Semyonovich Vorontsov and Ivan Yakovlevich Aldanov, since 1909 — I'M WITH. Vorontsov and Timofey Sergeev. Students: in 1890 - 40 m., 1 day; in 1893 - 43 m., 4 days; in 1895 - 35 m., 10 days; in 1902 - 38 meters, 12 days; in 1906 - 57 meters, 26 days; 1909 - 81 m., 10 days.See V.M. Berkutov "Pre-revolutionary schools on the territory of Tatarstan" School. Kazan 2007. Pp. 145.

In the early 20s, an elementary 4th summer school.

She served as an educational program and taught children from 8 to 9 years old. There were 40-42 students in the classes. The main building of the school was in the building of the village church. Due to the lack of classrooms, classrooms were housed in abandoned houses. At the end of the 4th grade, students took exams and entered the Bazarno-Matakskaya or Staro-Sikhtirma seven-year school. The school had its own school grounds. They grew vegetables and fruits. Children were fed for free. According to a student elementary school Smorodinova M.I.: “Wooden building - 2-3 classrooms with a common passage corridor. The walls inside were plastered and whitewashed.”

Students from neighboring villages studied at the school: Upper Mataki, Shapkino, Tyazhberdeno, Nokhrat. The first director of the school was Zheltukhin Alexander Timofeevich, teachers: Zoya Petrovna Gracheva, Tuterov Andrey Iosifovich, Gordeev Vasily Vasilyevich, Ivanov Mikhail Yakovlevich, Zheltukhin Sergey Trofimovich, Chvanova Varvara Semyonovna, Terentyeva Nina Tikhonovna. (See photo attachment 2)

III. 2. School during the war

During the Great Patriotic War, classes in grades 5-7 began in October. September was a busy month. The teachers, together with the students, worked in the field and on the current. The teachers were: Bulankina M.G., Terentyeva N.T., Yakovleva V.V., Gordeeva (Gnedenkova) A.F., Yaroslavlev P.N., Irdinkin A.A., Gnedenkov V.V.. Gracheva Zoya Petrovna is the director of the school. teachers primary school- Chvanova (Sotnikova) A.V., Kalmykova P.L., Kalmykova A.S., Kazankova (Zheltukhina) V.M. To raise the spirit of the villagers, an amateur art circle was organized. The leaders were - Bulankina M.G., Chvanova V.S. and Sotnikova A.V.

III. 3. School after the war.

The war is over. The school continued to play the role of inspiration for the party's ideas. Despite the heavy ideological burden, the school brought up kindness, mercy, mutual understanding and mutual assistance in children. New teachers appear, this is Smorodinova M.I. - she graduated from the seven-year plan right before the war itself. Then there were courses for tractor drivers and two years of exhausting work. 1946 graduated from Baz. Mataki High School. 1947-1948 - external student of the Aksubaevsky Pedagogical School.

1954-1976 - worked at the Staro-Matakskaya eight-year school.

Rybakov Viktor Semyonovich worked in different years until 1950, he worked as a director of the school. He was also the head of the Alkeevsky RONO, the Director of the Bazarno-Mataksky school, since 1968 the director of the youth school No. 2 in the city of Volzhsk.See photo attachment 2)

Zheltukhina V.M. graduated from seven classes in 1939 and entered the Aksubaev School, which she graduated in 1942. On August 15, 1942, she was appointed a primary school teacher in St. Matak school. She worked at the school until 1957 and was transferred to the Upper Matak Primary School.

Bulankina M.G. She was appointed as a teacher at the Star Matak School in 1943 and worked until 1977. Terentyeva Nina Tikhonovna worked at the school from 1937 to 1977.

In 1980, the school becomes secondary. In 1981, a modern school building was put into operation. The teaching staff of the 1990s. Yaroslavlev Ivan Nikiforovich - director of the school, Taskin Ivan Mikhailovich - teacher of mathematics, Chvanova Maria Nikolaevna - teacher of physics, Yaroslavleva Lyubov Ivanovna - teacher of mathematics, Zheltukhina Valentina Semenovna teacher of biology, geography, chemistry, Iskakova Valentina Romanovna - teacher of Russian language and literature, Irdinkin Petr Sergeevich - teacher of labor, Sotnikova Anastasia Vasilievna - teacher German language, Pozharskaya Zoya Alexandrovna - teacher of Russian language and literature, Potapova Elena Evgenievna - teacher of Russian language and literature, Lychnikova Maria Ilyinichna - teacher of mathematics, Sevrikeeva Nadezhda Petrovna - pioneer leader, Astafiev Nikolay Nikolaevich - teacher of scientific and military training, Demidov Gennady Petrovich - teacher of technology.

IV. 1. The current state of the village.

Today the village is under construction. The village is supplied with gas, and the villagers have been using associated gas since 2001. The village has been connected by a highway since November 2007. Telephonization of the village made it possible to connect to the Internet.

As of September 1, 2007 - farms - 140, population 393: Russians - 24, Tatars - 2, Chuvashs - 365, Tajiks - 2. great country our fellow villagers live and achieve not bad results. Irdinkin V.V.—teacher of the St. Petersburg Higher Command School of the Navy, Tukmakov O.G.—major of the GRU serves in Solnechnogorsk, the Sevrikeev brothers have their own business in the city of Ivanovo with an annual income of more than a million rubles.

Downstream of the Aktai River in the eastern part of the village, in the late 80s of the 20th century, a dam was built with a sluice system for discharging water during a flood. In the summer of 2007, this system was updated. Fry of carp, perch, pike are launched into the reservoir. Wild ducks, gulls, and gray herons nest on the pond.

The Western Zakamsky climatic region has warm and insufficiently humid summers, moderately cold and relatively snowy winters.

The amount of precipitation per year averages 480 - 500 mm, the average temperature in January is -14°С, in July +19.2°С.

The average snow depth in the field is 45 cm or more.

The Aktai River is an actively self-purifying river, the length is 78 km, the basin area is 1016 sq. km., the average annual consumption in the village. Karavaevo 2.1 cubic meters m / s., the density of the river network is 0.33 km / sq. km. Soils and land resources - gray forest, dark gray forest, podzolized chernozems, leached chernozems, typical chernozems, meadow chernozems. The content of humus in the arable horizon is on average 3 - 4%, the share of agricultural land is more than 80% of all land.

Landscape zoning typical and southern forest-steppe subzone It belongs to the Malocheremshansky lowland region with Privolzhsky linden-oak forests and Zakamsko-Volga forests in combination with linden-oak and linden forests on dark gray forest, podzolized chernozems and gray forest soils.

Biological resources - broad-leaved and mixed forests - linden - oak, with maple, elm, forests. Non-forest vegetation of mixed herbs - feather grass, meadow steppes. Annual agricultural crops (cereals, vegetables, industrial crops, etc.) and perennial crops.

Anthropogenic impact on the natural-territorial complexes in the area is medium and moderate.

Agricultural specialization and production - spring wheat, winter rye. Winter wheat, barley, oats, peas, potatoes, buckwheat, sugar beet, beef and dairy cattle breeding, pig breeding, sheep breeding.

State and security environment satisfactory. The level of technogenic load is below average, integral assessment atmospheric pollution potential - low (1.8 - 2.4), intensity of manifestation emergencies- the largest. The intensity of man-made emergencies is the least.

Terrestrial vertebrates living in the area - fox, badger, hamster, elk, wild boar, kestrel, gray partridge, grosbeak, goldfinch, crow, rook, black grouse, hare, vole, field and forest mice, reddish ground squirrel, quail, field harrier, field lark, gray warbler, meadow chaser, lentil, magpie, shrew, mustachioed bat, weasel, hare, garden dormouse, cuckoo, honey buzzard, spotted and gray woodpeckers, gray toad, moor frog, ob. already. Rare species of birds listed in the Red Book - partridges (grey partridge, quail)

IV. 2. Socio-economic sphere.

Population. The administrative structure of the village

Provision of the population with housing per person - more than 23 square meters. km.

Secondary school for 200 students. In which branches of sports and music schools work.

SHPK Alkevsky was reorganized and became part of Krasny Vostok-Agro in December 2005. Basically, the population of the village transferred their land shares to Krasny Vostok - Agro, for which the population receives dividends in the form of grain and hay for two years. Grain for one share is - 700 kg, hay - in dry form 2 rolls of 300 kg.

In terms of implementation national project"Young Family" and mortgage construction in 2007, residential buildings were being built - Chvanova V.K. and Matyushkin V.A.

There are 3 shops on the territory of the village, 2 of them are state of emergency - this is

Leontiev V.E. and Karmanaev V.P. and one store from a district consumer organization. Functioning FAP - which provides all possible medical care population and conducts preventive measures to prevent various epidemics. FAP paramedic Sovetnikova Valentina Gennadievna. There is a KFOR - director

Kalmykov S.P. Mass events in KFOR are New Year's Eve, various meetings, gatherings of citizens. In connection with the transitional stage, some villagers have not been able to adapt to the new economic conditions and at the present stage are experiencing difficulties in family and everyday life.

IV. 3. Old Matak Local Government Council.

Staromatakskiy SMS organizes its activities guided by the approved and registered Charter of the settlement, the Laws of the Republic of Tajikistan, decisions and resolutions of higher authorities. Our SMS includes six settlements: with. Old Mataki farms 140 with a population of 388 people, the village of Verkhniye Mataki farms 107 with a population of 254, the village of Abdul Salmany farms 28 with a population of 55 people, with. Chuvash Shapkino farms 46 with a population of 128, village Tatarskoe Shapkino farms 47 with a population of 126 people and Novaya Sikhterma farms 26 with a population of 80 people. The total population is 1031 people. Women - 522, men - 509, able-bodied population - 542, disabled - 489 of them pensioners - 252 people.

According to national composition:(See Appendix 1)

Families characteristics:(See Appendix 1)

According to the federal law on acts of civil status, the Council of Staromataka rural settlement performs state registration of marriage, birth, adoption, adoption, establishment of paternity, change of name and death.

In 2007, 9 were born, 4 marriages were registered, 1 divorced, 1 established paternity and 22 died.Conclusion: natural increase is negative.

By settlements:

Analysis of the age population:

Total inhabitants -1031 people. by age:(See Appendix 1)

In 2007, the Council of Staromataka local self-government held 2 gatherings of citizens, which considered issues of improvement of settlements and the territory as a whole, about unauthorized landfills, issues of water supply to the population, and damage to crops. According to the work plan, meetings of the Council of the rural settlement are held, 38 decisions were made - this is about recognizing young families in need of better housing conditions under the target program” social development villages until 2010” to provide housing for young families and young professionals living in countryside, about

landscaping and cleaning and landscaping settlements, about amendments to the Charter of the Staromataksky rural settlement, on the approval of the regulation on the procedure for assigning monthly bonuses for long service to specialists of cultural institutions in the Staromataksky joint venture on the provision financial assistance from the fund of additional funds by Knyazbeev from Chuv, Shapkino and Abasiev from Starye Matak., approval of the budget for 2008.

According to the results of the livestock census for 2007 on a personal household plot: cattle - 341 of which 208 cows, 380 sheep, 38 horses, 434 pigs.Compared to previous years, the number of cows in private farms is declining.

There are three farms on the territory of the rural settlement.

Krasny Vostok Agro, Khuzangaevsky SHPK, Shapkinsky LLC and one farm.

The largest farm is KV-Agro. With the arrival of this investor, capital reconstruction of farms was carried out in three settlements. The work of livestock breeders was completely mechanized. The farm began to specialize in fattening cattle. Currently, there are more than 1910 head of cattle. Most of the able-bodied population in these settlements are employed.

In 2007, livestock breeders finished with the following results:

Machine operators began to work on modern tractors and combines. All this affected the results. This year's grain yield was

30 centners per hectare, corn for grain 87 centners per hectare. Compared with the yield of previous years (on average 17-20 centners per hectare), the yield exceeds the figures by 2-4 times.Conclusion: The economic feasibility of farming allows you to conduct it profitably.Villagers receive dividends for leased land shares. Of course, not all of these farms pay the same dividends for shares to the population. SHPK Khuzangaevsky issued only two centners of grain, LLC Shapkino two centners. grain and two bales of hay. KV Agro at 7c. grain and two bales of hay.

This allows the population to keep livestock in private households. This is additional income for the population. This year, the population sold 92 tons of milk in the amount of 532 thousand rubles, 20 tons of meat in the amount of 1,800,000 rubles.

Additional income affects the well-being of citizens, and this is the timely payment of taxes by citizens replenishing the budget of a rural settlement.

This year, land tax was collected and received 369.2 rubles

Rent of property 35.1 rubles

Land rent 67.5 rubles

Property tax RUB 37.1

Income tax RUB 81.7

Total own income: 590.5 rubles.

Old Mataki is the center of the Old Mataki SMS. The Chairman of the Local Self-Government is Yury Vladimirovich Nagornov, the secretary is Nadezhda Nikolaevna Volostnova. Deputies from the Staro - Mataksky settlement - Chvanova Maria Nikolaevna - director of the school, Ibatullin Rafael Samigulovich foreman of the 12th brigade of the ZP "Krasny Vostok Agro" teacher of history and social studies of the Staro-Matakskaya secondary school, deputies from the Shapkinsky settlement - Varlamova Tatyana Alekseevna teacher of physics

Chuv. Shapkinskaya secondary school, Ermolaev Vasily Vasilyevich - director of the KFOR, deputies from Abdul Salmansky settlement Salakhov Gumer - foreman of the livestock mini-complex.

Prominent people of the village.

V. 1. Smorodinova M.I.

We talked with Matryona Ivanovna Smorodinova, and this is what she told me. scary word- Matrena Ivanovna Smorodinova heard the war when she was barely 16 years old. On this day they worked in the field, in the evening a representative from the region arrived and told the terrible news about the beginning of the war. Everything changed overnight: men and boys were mobilized for the war.

Many families accompanied their fathers and brothers to the war.

In 1941, the harvest of grain crops was born to glory, but there was no one to harvest, children, women and the elderly harvested until late autumn. I worked along with everyone else. As the oldest in the family, from the very first days of the war, I had to work on my native collective farm. Although in 1941 I managed to send my documents to the Kuibyshev Pedagogical College, I did not have to study, due to a lack of workers. In the same year, she completed short-term courses for tractor drivers in Bazarny Mataki. Until 1944, not knowing any rest and peace, she worked as a tractor driver. I had to work around the clock, my eyes hurt from hard work, my legs swelled from hunger. But she, like all her peers, overcame military difficulties.

The whole burden of military hard times fell on women's and children's shoulders. Manual labor, backbreaking. The food is bad.

They plowed, harrowed on cows, or even harnessed themselves to a plow or a harrow. It was then that a bitter, like wormwood, ditty was born:

I'm all alone, I'm all alone

All by myself, all by myself

Me and the horse, me and the bull

I am both a woman and a man.

Matrena Ivanovna never left the dream of getting an education. In 1946 she graduated from the Bazarno-Matakskaya secondary school. And then she entered the Aksubaev Pedagogical Pedagogical College, which she successfully completed in 1949.

Her labor activity She began at the Urgagar seven-year school, and since 1954 she has been a teacher of Russian language and literature at the Staro-Matakskaya secondary school.

Smorodinova Matryona Ivanovna has many awards for her long-term work: the badge "Winner of the Socialist competition", the medal "Veteran of Labor", the medal of motherhood of the II degree.

Currently he lives with his son, and always feels the care of children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

V. 2. Lychnikov N.K.

In July 2007, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War died. We have repeatedly met with him and this is what he said at one of these meetings. Lychnikova Nikolai Kuzmich was born on May 12, 1924 in the village of Starye Mataki, Alkeevsky District, Republic of Tatarstan. Nationality - Chuvash, Christian, non-partisan. Before the war, he graduated from elementary school in 1935. I worked in the village. There were three brothers in the family. The older brother Dmitry died in the first days of the war, an inexperienced recruit. He was drafted into the army from the city of Yaroslavl in 1942, where he worked in peat mines. He immediately got to the first Ukrainian front to scouts. Started as a private. There were battles in Western Ukraine, he was wounded, through a wound in his right shoulder. After the hospital, he ended up on the Second Ukrainian Front. The liberation battles were already underway. There were heavy fierce battles on Lake Balaton, there I was wounded for the second time, the wound was severe in the leg and arm. Maybe this wound saved his life. Grandfather met Victory Day in the hospital. After the hospital, he was discharged from the wound, ended the war as a sergeant. On the battlefields, he received a large number of awards:

Order of Glory, third class

Medal for the Liberation of Budapest

Medal for victory in the Great Patriotic War and all commemorative medals.

After the war, he worked as a foreman, groom, builder. He married and raised five children.

big story is made up of small destinies. Human life can be compared to a ladder along which there is an ascent from childhood to maturity. Every adult remembers himself from childhood. And for humanity, memory is history. That is why we remember the past, in order to get lost on the paths of life, not to forget what has already happened to us and who we are now.

V. 3. Astafieva (Leontieva) M. A.

“My earliest memories of childhood are connected with how our family was dispossessed. We had a new wooden five-walled house, two huts. We were kicked out of the house, the house was broken. I remember those people a little. I remember that I had a burgundy scarf, and I hid it in my bosom so that they would not be taken away, ”recalls Maria Alekseevna. Their family began to live in an apartment in a small house. Before dispossession, the family kept livestock: horses, a cow, calves, sheep, chickens, geese, ducks. They also had a winnowing machine, which apparently served as another reason to consider them kulaks. They did not want to be accepted into the collective farm. “Father wrote a statement several times, but he was refused. Only the third time was consent given. For some reason, women were afraid to join the collective farm, - continues Maria Alekseevna. Mom was one of them. Her father persuaded her: "All power is given by God and must be obeyed." Maybe these words had an effect, or maybe she was just tired of resisting, and they joined the collective farm. On the collective farm, my father began to work as a groom.

The family had three children. The father died suddenly. And a month after his death, my mother gave birth to another girl.

“Life on the farm was very hard. Bread crops were grown high, but the villagers did not get it. The thought of food never left us. It was impossible to take something - the fields were guarded, even for a kilogram of stolen grain they were imprisoned. Women, trying to feed their children, ended up behind bars, ”says Maria Alekseevna, sighing heavily.

She went to school at the age of 7, graduated from elementary school and studied for a year in the 5th grade of the Sikhterminsky school. In the 6th grade I went to the Bazarno-Matakskaya secondary school, having finished the 8th grade, because of the difficult financial situation, I had to leave the school. In the spring of 1941 she left for Yaroslavl for peat extraction.

“I worked mainly on loading wagons. It was very hard. They didn't let me go home for a whole year. But among us were women who left their young children at home. All our plans were broken by the war, and we began to work for the front.”

They worked 12 hours a day, were half-starved. Of course, not everyone survived in such conditions. Some tried to run. Maria and her friends also made such an attempt, but they were caught. The second attempt ended with 4 months in prison. Maria served a "term" in Bolgar, at a logging site, in rafting logs. Then they were again sent to Yaroslavl. I took with me boiled and dried potatoes for the road and went with my friends to the Bryandino station. We traveled for a very long time in calf wagons, and reached the city only on the 33rd day. After a year of hard, exhausting labor, they were allowed to go home.

“I missed my home a lot. In the village, I began to work on a tractor: I plowed, I repaired it myself. Fate hardened us from a young age. Such difficult times have fallen to our lot, ”the veteran ends his story.

We must not forget a simple truth: the brighter and more significant the merits of the previous generation, the more necessary it is for us to remember this. Everything we do today, everything that happens to us tomorrow, will be history. And what it will be. Depends on ourselves.

We managed to interview Rauf Nurtdinovich, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, and this is what he told me about that terrible war.

In the early morning of June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany attacked the USSR. The Great Patriotic War began. Men were sent to the front. Even young girls and boys who were not even 17 years old were sent to war.

V. 4. Sattarov R.N.

Here is our fellow villagerSattarov Rauf Nurtdinovichfell into their number. I asked several questions to veteran of the Great Patriotic War Rauf Nurtdinovich Satarov.

How and when did the news of the war come?

Where did you work at that time, what did you do, what was the composition of the family?In 1940 I was sent to Tumba in the FZU. We cut wood there. It was in the FZU that I heard about the war on June 22, 1941. There were 6 people in our family.

How were they sent to the front?

How did it happen?

My father took me to the Spassky district, from where we were taken on a steamboat.

All conscripts were imprisoned and taken away. We were seen off with an accordion and songs. Everyone was crying and saying that we must fight for their Motherland as their defenders, and no matter what it costs us to win the victory and return safe and sound.

Which of the relatives fought on the fronts of the Second World War?

I was the only one from my family who fought in the war.Where and when were they called? What was the age at that moment?As I said earlier, at that time I was in the FZU from there and was called up for war. In 1941 I was only 17 years old.

What battle did you participate in?

I fought near Ukraine and Romania.

If there are rewards, wounds take them away.

Where I served, they did not give awards. I was wounded in both hands, after which I was taken to the hospital. The last hospital where I lay for 6 months was in Ukraine and was called "Brave". Patients were transported from one place to another. I have been treated for a very long time.

What were the living conditions of the fighters?

The conditions were very bad. We were immediately sent for training, but we did not study there, but dug trenches. Where we were taken, there was flat ground. We dug trenches there. They made a dining room out of logs. There was no forest nearby. For logs we went to the forest, which was located three kilometers from the place where we were. They were dragged by hand, there were no tractors and horses. 25 people were assigned to one log. Sometimes we were taken to exercises, we froze because there were bitter frosts. Some could not even come back from the teaching, we carried them on ourselves. The living conditions of the fighters were very difficult, but we steadfastly endured all the hardships of wartime, because we believed in victory.

Where and how did you find out about the victory?

How was the return home?

How were you met? What songs were sung at the front?

After the hospital in 1944, on April 1, I was sent home. I already learned about the victory at home in the village. I arrived home unexpectedly for everyone. When they found out that I was wounded, they wept, cursed the war, but then they calmed down that it could still be fortunate, because I survived. There was no time to sing songs, but at night they sometimes played the harmonica and sang songs about the war, about victory, about home.

V. 5 Smorodinov I.V.

The brilliant constellation of talented commanders and major military leaders of the Great Patriotic War is known to the entire Soviet people. With a deep knowledge of military affairs, courage and clarity of thought, the breadth of the strategic outlook, the Soviet leading military cadres far surpassed the generals of the Nazi Wehrmacht.

Among those who made a significant contribution to the defeat Nazi Germany, was one of the responsible employees General Staff, Chuvash, Colonel General Ivan Vasilyevich Smorodinov (See photo attachment 2). His colleague during the Great Patriotic War, the head of the Operational Directorate of the General Staff, S.M. Shtemenko, called I.V. Smorodinov the largest specialist in the field of formation and recruitment of troops Soviet army.

Childhood I.V. Smorodinov took place in the Chuvash village of Starye Mataki in the Spassky district of the Kazan province (now the Alkeevsky district), where he was born on August 31, 1894 in a peasant family. After elementary school, Ivan Smorodinov graduated from an agricultural school in Spassk in 1909 and became a specialist in fishing.

The fate of I.V. Smorodinova abruptly changed the first World War. In January 1915 he was called to royal army, and in May they were already sent to the Northern Front in the 1st Caucasian Infantry Division. For bravery and courage he was awarded the rank of sergeant major.

After the February bourgeois-democratic revolution, I.V. Smorodinov became involved in an active political life, he was nominated to the Committee of Soldiers' Deputies at the division headquarters. Smorodinov became close to the slogans of the Bolsheviks.

The soldiers demanded peace. After the failure of the offensive at the front and the liquidation of Kornilov, more and more masses of soldiers began to refuse to support the policy of the Provisional Government. I.V. actively participated in all these events. Smorodinov. In the autumn of 1917, when the flight of reactionary-minded officers from the army began; Ivan Vasilyevich was appointed senior adjutant to the chief of staff of the division. He was then elected Chief of Staff of the 184th Infantry Division. By this time, he already had extensive experience in staff work, which he later came in very handy. And Smorodinov began to serve the proletarian state.

To help local formations, the Red Army was urgently sent to Eastern front thousands of communists from industrial cities, workers' and communist detachments, the Moscow and revolutionary, Vitebsk, Tver, Novgorod, Kursk and other regiments. In August 1918, the 3rd Rzhevsky detachment arrived in the Kazan region, where the former sergeant major I.V. served as assistant commander. Smorodinov. Military operations took place just not far from the places where Ivan Vasilyevich spent his childhood.

Soon I.V. Smorodinov was entrusted with new command posts, in September 1918 he was appointed envoy to the commander of the Pravoberezhny group of troops. At the army, in October - the chief of staff of a separate Simbirsk brigade, commanded by N.I. Vakhrameev. In early November 1918, before the closure of navigation, the brigade was transferred along the Volga and Kama to the mouth of the Belaya River, from where it moved in the direction of Birsk, contributing to the successful offensive of the main forces of the 5th Army on Ufa.

In the difficult days of March 1919, when Kolchak's offensive began, I.V. Smorodinov became assistant chief of the operations department of the headquarters of the 5th army. She then went on the offensive again. In the twentieth of July, units of the 27th division occupied Chelyabinsk with a swift blow. As a result of this operation, the 5th Army defeated Kolchak's last strategic reserve, captured 3,000 prisoners, 100 machine guns, 32 locomotives, over 3,500 wagons, and many other trophies.

I.V. Smorodinov returned to the operational department of the headquarters, worked as his chief until February 1920, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee awarded him a gold watch.

From February to June 1920 I.V. Smorodinov - Chief of Staff of the 35th Infantry Division. From the autumn of 1921, he became head of the mobilization department of the headquarters of the 5th and East Siberian military district. He was elected a member of the Irkutsk City Council. This was the period of the defeat of the White Guard ataman Semyonov in Transbaikalia and Baron Ungern in Mongolia. At this time, Ivan Vasilievich was assistant chief of staff of the 5th Army.

The days of the complete liberation of the Far East from the White Guard were approaching. During the summer of 1922, the government of the Far Eastern Republic did a great job of strengthening and restructuring its People's Revolutionary Army (NRA). I.V. was recommended by the chief of staff of the army. Smorodinov. Here is how the command of the 5th Army certified him: “Comrade Smorodinov is an outstanding proletarian nugget without a special military education, but who has gone through a harsh school civil war. All assignments are handled well. It is especially valuable in the field of organizational and mobilization work. Energetic, executive able-bodied. “Worthy for promotion to the post of chief of department, chief of staff of the district and head of department of the central apparatus” - such was the conclusion of military experts.

In 1924-1927 I.V. Smorodinov was in responsible positions in the recruitment and military mobilization departments of the Red Army, then he studied again. After an appropriate internship - chief of staff of the rifle corps, then - deputy chief of staff of the military district, soon - deputy chief of one of the departments of the headquarters of the Red Army. 1933 - 37s I.V. Smorodinov was in the apparatus of the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs of the USSR, as deputy head of the Administration and head of the administrative and economic department.

Before the war, Ivan Vasilyevich was the head of the military districts, deputy chief of the General Staff of the Red Army. His efforts were aimed at increasing the combat capability and mobilization readiness of the country's Armed Forces.

As Deputy Chief of the General Staff

I.V. Smorodinov was directly involved in the development and implementation of the operation plan for the liberation of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus, the defeat of the White Finnish adventure in the winter of 1939-40, to strengthen the western borders of the Soviet state. His merits in strengthening the country's defense capability were awarded the second Order of the Red Banner.

In 1939, Ivan Vasilyevich was accepted by the party organization of the General Staff of the Red Army as a member of the CPSU (b). In the same year, he was awarded the military rank of commander of the second rank, in June 1940 - lieutenant general, and in October 1941 - colonel general. 1941-43 he served as Chief of Staff Soviet troops in the Far East. In August 1943 I.V. Smorodinov was recalled from the Far East to the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander and headed one of the main departments. Since April 1946, while remaining in the same post, Colonel General Smorodinov became assistant to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

The Communist Party of the Soviet State appreciated the military activities of Colonel General I.V. Smorodinov, awarding him two Orders of Lenin, Orders of Kutuzov and Suvorov I degree, three Orders of the Red Banner and many medals. He was also awarded the Polish Order of the Cross of Gronwald, 2nd class, and the Yugoslav Order of Merit of the People, 1st class.

I.V. served for thirty-five and a half years. Smorodinov in the Soviet Army. In May 1953, he retired due to illness. He died on November 8 of the same year.

V. 6. Our Good Shepherd.

Archpriest Vladimir Mikhailovich Lychnikov (See photo attachment 2)was born on July 13, 1899 in Tatarstan, in the village of Starye Mataki. Alkeyevsky district. His parents were peasants, and his son went into the service of God. He managed to finish four classes of the elementary zemstvo school. What influenced the further choice is unknown, but already at the age of 13, the spur of Vladimir became a novice of the Belogorsky Monastery. Apparently, the reason for this was the piety characteristic of most peasant children. The novice Vladimir worked in the Belogorsk Monastery until 1918. Then he was drafted into the Red Army and in 1920 he was dismissed from it due to the amputation of frostbite toes of both feet.

Although at that time the negative attitude of the new authorities towards everything church, and first of all the clergy, was already felt, the young man remained true to the choice he made in his adolescence - he returned to Belaya Gora, where he began to study church singing. After the closing of the monastery, he was a psalm reader in the temples of Kungur in the Kungur region. In 1931 he married Anna Petrovna Druzhinina, who became his faithful companion and assistant. In the same year, Vladimir was ordained a deacon. The deacon service was held in the Assumption Cathedral of Kungur, in the Old Cemetery Assumption Church in Perm. In 1939, Deacon Vladimir was ordained a priest and sent to the city of Lysva to a church in the name of the Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian. Thus began his laborious priestly ministry, which continued with a short break until his death. Mother Anna helped him. She knew the service well, church singing, had a beautiful voice. She organized a church choir and led it for a long time. Father Vladimir himself would also be an excellent singer and sang with pleasure in the choir when it was possible.

During the Great Patriotic War, the role of the church began to increase. Abandoned temples were opened - those that did not have time to destroy. There were not enough priests, and Father Vladimir had to serve in two districts: in Lysva and Chusovoy. He also responded to the call to donate funds for the construction of the tank column named after Dmitry Donskoy, making a contribution to 25thousand rubles. For this he was awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War."
During his pastoral service, Father Vladimir was repeatedly awarded church awards: a golden pectoral cross, the rank of archpriest, and a club.
INIn 1954, grief befell the family of Father Vladimir and mother Anna: by an absurd accident, their only son Igor, by that time a 20-year-old student at the Sverdlovsk Conservatory, drowned. His musical abilities were especially noted by teachers. Solitarily and deeply experienced the misfortune that befell them. This affected health. In the late 60s, Archpriest Vladimir became a freelance priest, i.e. went to rest. However, he did not leave his life's work: he regularly attended services, helped young priests with a kind word and advice. Here in his beloved temple overtook his death. On January 14, 1972, he came to the festive service in honor of the circumcision of the Lord and the memory of St. Basil the Great. He went out to the choir, sat down on a bench, and then he died. Batiushka was only 73 years old.

VI. Meeting with school alumni.

We had an evening meeting with school graduates at our school. We believe that the people living next to us are also the creators of history.

Performance Irdinkin Viktor Vasilievichcaptain of the second rank, teacher of the Institute of Physical Education of the Navy in St. Petersburg, candidate of pedagogical sciences.
I, Viktor Vasilyevich Irdinkin, was born on the 25 April 1965 in the village of Starye Mataki, Alkeyevsky district, Republic of Tatarstan.
In September 1972, he went to study at Staro-Matakovskaya in an eight-year school, where he studied until June 1980. Studying at the Staro-Matakovskaya school, he graduated from eight classes with good and excellent grades.
In September 1980, he entered the Chistopol State Farm College, which he successfully graduated in 1984 with a degree in mechanical engineering. Studying at the technical school, from the first day he began to actively go in for sports and completed 1 adult sports category in cross-country skiing and athletics. From June 1984 to September 1984 he worked as an auto mechanic in the village of Old Mataki.
In October 1984, he was called up for military service in the Armed Forces in Leningrad region, the village of Krasnaya Gorka. From the training detachment, after taking the oath, he was selected for further service in the residence of the Commander-in-Chief Navy. After serving military service until June 1986, he received an offer to enter the Military Institute physical culture behind Active participation in competitions for the championship of the Leningrad Naval Base. Participating in various competitions in many sports, during the period of military service he fulfilled the standard “Candidate for Master of Sports”.
In August 1986, having passed the competition entrance exams(12 people for 1 place), entered the Military Institute of Physical Culture. Being actively involved in sports, during his studies at the institute he fulfilled the standard "Master of Sports of the USSR" in military triathlon. In June 1990, he successfully graduated from the institute and was sent for further service to Northern Fleet.
In August 1990 he was appointed chief physical training and sport connections of submarines Kola flotilla in the Murmansk region, the village of Liinakhamari, it is 12 km from Norway.
For success in combat service in his position, he was appointed to a higher position by the command of the Kola Flotilla.
In July 1994 he was appointed head of physical training and sports of the division of large anti-submarine ships in the city of Severomorsk, Murmansk region, where he served until June 1999.
In June 1999, he passed the candidate's minimum exams, entered and was enrolled in full-time postgraduate studies at the Military Institute of Physical Culture in Moscow. Saint Petersburg.
In November 2001, after the successful completion of postgraduate studies, she was awarded academic degree candidate of pedagogical sciences.

I was appointed a senior research fellow at the Research Center of the Military Institute of Physical Culture, where I currently serve.

I, a boy like you, really wanted to achieve something in my life. I set a goal and always stubbornly went to it, sport helped me in this. At the end of my speech, I want to wish you to study only well and perfectly, success in sports, and just become real people.

Performance Tukmakov Oleg Georgievich major GRU.

I am not much older than you, many remember me from school. I entered Staro Mataki High School in 1986. He studied mainly at "5", participated in many regional subject Olympiads and won prizes. In 1984, he took 4th place in the republic at the Physics Olympiad. Studying was easy, but, unfortunately, while studying at school, I did not make enough efforts to acquire more thorough knowledge. In the future, I had to catch up already at the school, at night. Graduated from high school in 1986 silver medal and entered the KSPU at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. He completed his first year and decided to enter the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School. Love for sports, craving for knowledge once again helped me. I entered the school the first time and ended up in the first reconnaissance platoon, the first company, the first squad. Being the first is a character trait that always helps me. In 2002 he graduated from college with honors. By distribution, he was sent to the GRU. I cannot tell much about my current service due to the law on non-disclosure of state secrets. I am married, we have a daughter Ekaterina. You all probably know the movie "Officers". In this film, one phrase sounded, which became the motto or guiding star of all officers of our vast Motherland "There is such a profession to defend the Motherland."

Sometimes there is talk that young people do not want to go to serve in the army. Service in the army tempers a person, gives self-confidence. In addition, at the present stage there is such a tendency that young people who have not served in the army,

Harder to get a job.

Finishing my speech, I want to wish all boys and young men to become worthy defenders of their Motherland. There are all conditions for this today.

VII. Conclusions.

The past of the village vividly reflects all the historical eras of the region. A more vivid and logical idea of ​​the history of the village is formed as a result of processing the material, communication with witnesses of historical events. History is made up of everyday life. Today our task is to describe what is happening in as much detail as possible and to record feelings, sensations and experiences from the experience. Also leave as many documents and evidence as possible about what is happening. It is this approach to life that will set, in my opinion, any person for positive and strive for self-improvement. Today it is the present, tomorrow it will be history, and the next generation will be incredibly interested in learning about the past. History is made up of everyday life.

VIII. Conclusion .

Conducting research on the history of the village, we learned a lot of new things from the history of the village. I got to know our fellow villagers better. We have worked great material on the history of the region, village, school.

At present, it is clearer than ever that without a positive attitude towards one's Motherland, towards one's Fatherland, it is impossible to move forward, since our future must have its own spiritual and moral foundation, its own spiritual and moral core - Love for the Fatherland, for one's Motherland. Every normal person is aware of himself as a part of his family, his Nazi, his homeland. And each person should form responsibility for his family, for his nation, for his Motherland - Russia. Without an objective and realistic look at the past of one's country, region, village, family, it is impossible to understand the past and foresee the present.

Bibliography.

1. V.M. Berkutov "Pre-revolutionary schools on the territory of Tatarstan" School. Kazan 2007.

2. Journal Echo of the Ages 1994 No. 1-2, article 53.

3. Atlas of the Republic of Tatarstan. Production mapping association "Cartography". Moscow 2000

4. "History of the Volga Bulgars" edited by Professor A.Kh. Khalikov

5. Tatar encyclopedic dictionary. Chief editor M.Kh. Khasanov. Kazan. Institute of the Tatar Encyclopedia of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1999

6. Household book of the local self-government of Staromataka.

7. Archive of Staromataka local self-government.

8. Archive of Staro - Matakskoy secondary school.

9. Archive Fattening of the state farm "Alkeevsky".

10. Acts of registration, dissolution of marriages, birth and death for the Staromataksky rural settlement.

Geographic location.
Starosalmanovsky rural settlement of Alkeevsky municipal district is located 16 km. from the district center of the village of Bazarnye Mataki
The composition of Starosalmanovsky rural settlement includes 5 settlements: with. Old Tahtala, village New Tahtala, s. New Ballikul, village Old Nokhraty, s. Old Salmans. The administrative center of the settlement is the village of Starye Salmany.
The territory of the rural settlement borders the Agromakovsky rural settlement of the Spassky District, the Salmansky rural settlement, the Koshkinsky rural settlement, and the Bazarno-Mataksky rural settlement. The river "Salmanka" flows through the territory of the rural settlement.

Area, size and composition of the population
The territory of the municipality occupies 11467 hectares. including the area of ​​agricultural land is 9788 hectares.
The permanent population is 751 people,
including aged:
younger than working age - 112 people, working age - 312 people. Pensioners 220 people.
75 schoolchildren study at schools. 42 students study in different educational institutions.

Brief historical background

The Starosalmanovsky village council of working people's deputies was formed in the Bazarno-Mataksky volost, Spassky district, Kazan province. The first chairman was Khabibullin Kalimulla. Mukhametshin Safiulla was elected secretary of the village council. 1930-1933 Safin Kalimulla worked as chairman 1933-1936 Akhmetov Zahidulla worked as chairman 1936-1943 Muhammatshin Nasybulla worked as chairman 1943-1945 Mindubayeva (Khaidarova) Rabiga worked as chairman 1946-1954 Khairullin Razak worked as chairman 1954-1957 Gumerov worked as chairman Gabdulla Valeevich 1957-1961 Gatin Minshakir Gatinovich worked as chairman 1961-1962 Khaidarova Rabiga worked as chairman 1962-1965 Gainutdinov Idris worked as chairman 1965-1972 Ibragimov Ilyas Yakupovich worked as chairman 1972-1974 worked as chairman Konovalov Mikhail Dmitrievich 1974-1976 Chairman Gatin Rustam worked 1976-1979 Galeev Khazip Abdullovich worked as chairman 1979-1983 Valeev Anvar Salikhzyanovich worked as chairman 1983-1986 Sadykov Tagir Samatoaich worked as chairman 1987-1999 Zalyaletdinov Ilaltdin Garafutdinovich worked as chairman
From 2000-2005, Safin Fanil Daniullovich worked as the chairman. In 2006, the head of the village village. works Zalyaletdinov Ilaltdin Garafutdinovich

History of the village of Old Salmany
The village of Old Salman was founded at the beginning of the 14th century. Before the revolution, the village had 450 households, 6 shops, 2 mosques, 7 windmills. The first school was opened in 1912 by the teacher Aytuganov Gaynulla in an old abandoned house, where 17 boys began to study. In 1919 a school building was built. In this school began to study in a place with boys and girls. In 1927, the “educational house” (library) and “Nardom” (club) were opened. In 1928, Yarullin Galiulla brought a radio for the club. In the club, the villagers gathered to listen to the radio. In 1929, the first collective farm was organized out of 25 farms. The leader was Mindubaev Minkhaidar. In 1936, the collective farm bought the first GAZ car. In 1941, one of the very first to go to the front was Kalimullin Gizatulla. 184 villagers left the village of Starye Salmany for the front, 98 people did not return. Also, a car and 62 horses were sent to the front. For heroism and courage, 39 people were awarded orders and 57 people were awarded medals. In 1949, a 7-year-old school was opened in the village. And since 1961, an 8-year school. In 1957, the first water pipe was laid, with the installation of a water intake column in the middle of the village. In the same year, farms began to use electricity. In 1961 a brick factory was built. In 1965, the state farm "Sputnik" was organized, which included settlements: Old Salmany, Old Tahtala, New Tahtala, New Ballikul, Old Nohrat. Shakirov Faiz Vagizovich was appointed the head of the state farm. In November 1966, electricity was brought to the village.

List of enterprises and institutions
Starosalmanovskaya secondary school Director - Sharipova Gulsina Sultanovna, Starye Salmany village, Centralnaya st.
Starotahtalinskaya secondary school Director - Irina Ferapontova
Starosalmanovskaya MDOU "Leysan" Head - Safina Razina Rafikovna, Starye Salmany, Centralnaya st., 7
Starotahtalinskaya MDOU "Brook" Head - Padyushova Marina Vladislavovna, Staraya Tahtala, Ezhevichnaya st., 84a
Starosalmanovskaya house of culture Director - Sunkisheva Gulnaziya Gabdelnurovna village Starye Salmany Klubnaya street 1
Starotakhtala rural club Director - Barabanova Valentina Petrovna, Staraya Tahtala village, Ezhevichnaya st., 88a
Starosalmanovskaya village library Leading librarian Garipova Gulnur Sultangaleevna Starye Salmany 1 Klubnaya st.
Starotakhtala village library Leading librarian Kozlova Zoya Mikhailovna Staraya Takhtala 88a Ezhevichnaya st.
Novoballikul rural library Leading librarian Nurullina Nailya Agliullovna p. New Ballikul st. Field d.40
Starosalmanovsky FP Paramedic Vafina Alfiya Tagirovna, Starye Salmany village, Klubnaya st., 1
Farida Anvarovna Khaidarova s. Old Tahtala st. Blackberry 87a
Novo-Ballykul FP Paramedic Khaidarova Farida Anvarovna S. Novy Ballykul st. Poleva D.41
Starosalmanovsky Post Office Vafina Reseda Ildarovna, Starye Salmany, Klubnaya St., 1
Shop "Adelya" IP Nurgalieva Guliya Gumarovna v. Starye Salmany st. Tukaya 34
Sawmill IP Nurgaliev Ferdinat Kharisovich s. Starye Salmany st. Nagornaya

Grocery store Saleswoman Shagimardanova Nazirya Marselovna s. Tsentralnaya d. 8
Grocery store Saleswoman Ryzhkova Natalya Fedorovna s. Old Tahtala st. Lesnaya 77
Grocery store Saleswoman Nurullina Nailya Agliullovna New Ballikul st. Polevaya 6a
Grocery store IP Karmanaev with. Old Tahtala st. Blackberry 91a
KV Agro Alkeyeva detachment 10 Head Gatin Ravil Khanifullovich s. Starye Salmany st. Nagornaya 3
KFH Nasybullin Radik Nabiullovich s. Starye Salmany st. Tukaya 6
KFH Chygysh Vafin Ramil Rustamovich s. Starye Salmany st. 2 lane 1
KFH Salman Zalyaletdinov Ilaltdin Garafutdinovich v. Starye Salmany st. Vakhitova 10

The master plan limits the development of industrial zones within the established territorial boundaries. The reconstruction and development of industrial zones provides for the qualitative development of the territory of the established industrial areas:

Full or partial reconstruction of production areas by updating, compacting their development and creating an extensive transport and engineering infrastructure that ensures rational and effective use territories;

The legal justification for carrying out these works is the specified The federal law, as well as the "Instruction on the procedure for accounting, ensuring the safety, maintenance, use and restoration of immovable monuments of history and culture."

It is necessary to organize work to clarify the topographic reference of known and newly discovered archaeological sites and the development of buffer zones for individual sites using modern technical means(JPS, etc.).

The village of Bazarny Mataki is located in the valley of the Aktai River, the left tributary of the river. Volga. The territory of the district center is a poorly dissected lowland plain with prevailing watershed heights of 140-200 m.

The absolute relief marks on the territory of the village range from 98 to 138 m. The most elevated territories are located in the western and southern parts of the village. The absolute elevations of the surface of the right-bank part of the village within the development range from 128.0 m to 100.0 m. The absolute marks of the left-bank part fluctuate within 133.0 - 100.0 m. The relief of the left-bank part of the village is dissected by a network of ravines and gullies, overgrown with grass and shrubs.

In general, the relief of the territory is flat, slightly hilly, with a general slope towards the river.

The floodplain of the Aktai River has absolute elevations of 98-105 m, and is swampy in places. The slopes facing the floodplain are rather steep, in some places crossed by beams.

The territory of the village is located in the zone of distribution of karst and suffosion processes.

The wide development of Neogene and Quaternary deposits, the weak development of the surface runoff network, seasonal fluctuations and the position of the groundwater level above the horizons of karst rocks, the hydraulic connection of groundwater with channel and karst waters - all this generally favors the processes of suffusion, the formation of sinkholes associated with the washing out of plastic material and the formation of voids.

Directly on the territory of the river. c. Bazarnye Mataki karst and suffosion processes were not found.

However, before the development of new sites for construction

buildings and structures on the territory of the village, it is necessary to conduct engineering and geological surveys for the presence of possible karst manifestations, including deep ones.

The territories proposed for building on the 1st stage of the implementation of the master plan in the northern and northeastern parts of the village are included in the zone conditionally favorable for construction.

Activities for the improvement of the territory with. Bazarny Mataki are developed taking into account the engineering-geological conditions and the planning organization of the developed territory, adopted in the master plan.

In the draft master plan of the village, the following engineering measures were adopted for the optimal development of territories and improving the level of improvement of the territory of the district center:

On the organization of surface runoff;

To combat erosion processes;

to combat flooding;

When building up territories in a seismic zone;

Activities for the organization of the beach area.

Measures to organize surface runoff

On the territory of Bazarny Mataki currently lacks a network of organized drainage system that provides drainage of storm water.

In order to divert rain and snowmelt runoff from the territory under consideration, the master plan proposes a scheme of organized surface runoff throughout the territory, taking into account the relief and purpose of the territory used.

The territory under consideration is dominated by individual residential buildings, smaller areas are occupied by multi-apartment, industrial and public-business buildings.

The project provides for the organization of surface runoff from the village as follows:

From the territories of the public center, industrial zone and sectional development with a closed drainage system;

From the territory of the manor building by open drains.

Minimum longitudinal slope along the bottom of open channels, 0.005 is taken. It is recommended to block open channels in the places of estate development with decorative gratings.

At the intersections of streets and at the entrances to the quarters, crossing bridges are arranged and culverts are laid.

The depth of the closed drainage system should not be less than the depth of soil freezing equal to 1.8-2.0 m.

The main collectors of the pools, which ensure the collection and removal of surface water through a closed drainage system, are planned along the street. st. Krainova, Solnechnaya, where a network of gravity storm sewers runs.

The total length of the proposed open drainage network for the estimated period is -43,700 m, including 30,500 m for stage I.

The total length of the proposed closed drainage network is -22,200 m, including 5,200 m for Stage I.

For approximate calculations, the rainwater flow is determined by the formula (SN 496-77):

Q = qsp F K2, where:

qsp - specific consumption of rainwater, l / s from 1 ha;

F is the runoff area, ha;

K2 is a coefficient that takes into account the change in specific flow rate depending on the average collector slope.

Q \u003d 1.02 x 1705.1 x 0.95 \u003d 1652.24 l / s

Using the natural slope of the territory, the discharge of storm water with the estimated flow of rainwater in the amount of Q = 1652 l / s, formed from the territory locality, is produced in the main collectors of the pools, and of them:

From open system drainage through sedimentation tanks in the river. Aktai or low areas of natural relief beyond the border of the territory;

From a closed drainage system to a storm water treatment plant with subsequent discharge into the river. Aktay.

In connection with the increased requirements for the protection of water bodies, this project proposes a scheme for treating surface runoff in the amount of at least 70% of the annual runoff for residential areas and the entire volume of runoff for industrial sites with the obligatory placement of local treatment facilities on their territory. (SNiP 2.04.03-85. Sewerage. External networks and structures). On industrial enterprises provide for the installation of treatment facilities with several degrees of purification.

The project envisages the treatment of the first most polluted portions of rainwater at the mouth sections of the drains in tanks - settling tanks equipped with gratings and devices for collecting floating oil products. A well is arranged in front of the sump tank - a divider that directs the first, most polluted, portions of the runoff to the tank for treatment, and the subsequent, conditionally clean, part of the runoff to the water intake. The flow of the first portions of rain runoff into the reservoir - settling tank stops when the water that has fallen at the beginning of rain in the most remote parts of the runoff basin drains to the design site, i.e. at the moment the maximum flow rate is reached.

Wastewater after sedimentation and treatment is transferred through reinforced concrete channels to the main water receivers - rivers, reservoirs. The sediment is periodically removed and deposited.

Approximately the capacity of each tank - settling tank ranges from 2000 - 4000 m3.

The average annual volumes of rainwater entering the treatment plant Wd, m3 from 1 ha, are determined by the formula (SN 496-77):

Wd \u003d 2.5 Nzh K3, where:

Nzh is the average annual amount of rainfall, mm;

K3 is a coefficient that takes into account the volume of rainwater directed to the treatment plant.

Wd \u003d 2.5 x 317 x 0.75 \u003d 595 m3 from 1 ha.

The average annual amount of melt water entering the treatment plant Wt, m3 from 1 ha, is determined by the formula:

Wt \u003d 8 HΕλ K4, where:

HΕλ - middle layer of spring runoff, mm;

K4 is a coefficient that takes into account the volume of melt water sent to the treatment plant.

Wt \u003d 8x149x0.3 \u003d 360 m3 from 1 ha

The average annual amount of washing water m3 per 1 ha is determined by the formula:

Wm = 1.2 W/m, where:

W / m - the amount of water, l, spent per year for watering and washing 1m2 of roads and sidewalks. For approximate calculations, the volume of washing water is taken to be 200 m3 per 1 hectare per year.

Wm \u003d 1.2x200 \u003d 240 m3 from 1 ha

Approximately, based on the intake of the most polluted part of the surface runoff, which is formed during the period of rainfall, snowmelt and washing of road surfaces, the volume Wastewater is defined as:

5582.5 m3 per day

Settling tanks are planned in the amount of 4 pcs. At the subsequent design stages, the capacity of the settling tanks at the mouth sections of the drains, as well as the capacity of the treatment facilities, should be determined by a more accurate calculation.

Measures to combat erosion processes

Erosion processes include soil erosion, ravine erosion, lateral and deep erosion of rivers.

Soil erosion in the territory of the settlement is poorly developed. The weak development of soil erosion is associated with low altitudes, a rather flat relief, and the spread of loose, easily water-absorbing sandy and sandy loam rocks over large areas.

Gully erosion as a whole is characterized by poor development, where ravine dissection averages 0.09 km/km. The relatively weak development of ravine erosion in the study area is associated with a combination of natural factors - a flat low-lying relief, a lithological section represented by easily permeable sandy soils that filter melt and storm water and significantly reduce surface runoff.

Lateral and deep erosion of the Aktai River is not high, which is due to the lithological factor. Within the study area, the Aktai River belongs to the category of a flat river, the main features of which are small slopes and relatively calm flow.

Village Bazaar Mataki- the center of Alkeyevsky district, located in the southern part of Tatarstan. Its territory stretched near the Aktai River - part of the Kama basin. It is located 134 kilometers from the capital of the republic.

Story

Bazaar Mataki as a small village appeared in these parts in the 1730s. Together with 16 villages and villages, they were part of the Kazan province. Administratively, they were the center of the volost of the same name.

The village was named after the location of extensive bazaars and seasonal fairs in it. The rural territory consisted of 7 streets, one of which was occupied by the Chuvash. The rest were inhabited by the Russian population.

There was a shipyard in the village, where no more than 100 people worked. At the church, built in the 1880s, there was a parish school with a three-year education. One of the buildings was occupied by the volost board, consisting of a chairman and a clerk. The post of head of the village was occupied by a foreman.

By the beginning of the 20th century, a zemstvo school was opened. Now in its building there are workshops of a modern educational institution. In the very center of the Bazaar Mataks there was a church, to which a garden adjoined. They were surrounded by a beautifully designed fence.

The market square included numerous storehouses and wooden benches for placing goods. Now in its place is the central park. The residential development of the pre-revolutionary village was mostly one- and two-story houses. According to them appearance one could judge the financial situation of their owners.

Houses with thatched roofs belonged to ordinary peasants. Wealthy settlers and merchants lived in solid buildings with iron roofs. Their houses were built of logs or bricks. Shady trees grew along the streets, separating residential buildings from the road.

Numerous mills operated within Bazarny Matak. They processed grain into flour, not only local residents, but also peasants from nearby villages. Within the village lay a vast pond.

The center of the parish of the same name was Bazarny Mataki until 1920. Then they became part of the Spassky canton of the Tatar Soviet Republic. After 10 years, the village became part of the Alkeevsky district, from the beginning of 1963 - Kuibyshevsky.

Subsequently, Bazarny Mataki again underwent administrative transformations. Since January 1965, they returned to the Alkeevsky district again.

Attractions

The streets of the modern village are decorated with the facades of old buildings erected in the 19th century. In the former house of the merchant Sokolov, during the tenure of its owners, there were living rooms on the second floor and on the first store. It offered hats, shawls, scarves, various fabrics, in particular satin and chintz.

The former house of the merchant Spiridonov was also divided into residential apartments for the owner's family and a shop. Here the customers were offered food products - flour, tea, sugar, sweets and other products. It also traded in manufactory.

The former owner of the merchant's house, Krylov, amassed a considerable fortune in trading operations. He used the services of hired peasants. In his household were cows, horses and other living creatures. A significant area of ​​cultivated land was privately owned by Krylov.

The building, which now houses the museum of local lore, was owned by the merchant Delyakhanov in the pre-revolutionary period. The houses of wealthy peasants, previously owned by the Chvanovs, Myasnichkina, Belyakova, and the Fenagentovs, have survived. In their use were vast tracts of leased land, for the cultivation of which they used hired labor.

WHERE DO ALINA KABAEVA'S ROOTS GO

Bazarny Mataki (tat. Bazarly Matak) is a village in the south of the Republic of Tatarstan, the center of the Alkeyevsky district. Located near the Aktai River (Kama basin), 134 km from Kazan.

Church of the Resurrection of the Word - Kuznechikha 35 km from the center of Bazarny Matak.

The village was founded in the 1730s. Until 1920, the settlement was called the center of the Bazarno-Mataksky volost of the Spassky district of the Kazan province. Since 1920, it was part of the Spassky canton of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, since August 10, 1930 - Alkeevsky, since February 1, 1963 - Kuibyshev region, since January 12, 1965 - again Alkeevsky region.

The village has a dairy, a bakery, a consumer service complex "Chulpan", a mixed fodder factory "Alkeevsky", a secondary school, a vocational school and 2 libraries.

From the history of Bazarny Matak

In the 19th century, a great fair was held in Bazarny Mataki every year on Pokrov, which attracted merchants and buyers from all around. Hence, in fact, the name of the district center came from. At that time there were about 500 households in the village. By the way, the population was mostly Russian, only on one street of the seven available Chuvash lived. By the way, the streets were very green and clean. The current central park named after Lenin was called at that time Market Square, where wooden benches and covered storehouses were located.

Most of the houses had 2-3 windows, under thatched roofs. However, solid brick and wooden two-story "mansions" of wealthy peasants, mostly merchants, were covered with boards and iron.

On the territory of the county, in the former Spassky "backwater", a ship repair plant functioned, where about a hundred workers worked. In addition, 2 steam and about a dozen windmills were merrily spinning in Mataki, so many villages came there to grind grain. The owners of the mills were rich people.

The volost administration, that is, the local government, consisted of a chairman and a clerk, who was respectfully called a writer. And in the Bazarny Mataki themselves, the foreman was in charge.

The only school in the settlement was a parochial school, education there was controlled by the local church, built in the 1880s in the center of the village and surrounded by an orchard and a beautiful fence.

The school had three classes and only one teacher. The second - already an ordinary zemstvo school - was built in 1903. Now there is a regular secondary school Bazarny Matak. Previously, there was also only one teacher, who was assisted by high school students.

The volost board subscribed to the only newspaper - "Russian Word".

19th century buildings

Some buildings of the end of the 19th century in Bazarny Mataki have been perfectly preserved to this day.

1. The house of the merchant A. Sokolov. There was a shop on the first floor, a family lived on the second. They traded manufactured goods (chintz, satin, head scarves, shawls, etc.)

2. The house of the former merchant Mikhail Spiridonov. On the second floor there were living rooms, and on the first floor there was a shop. They traded in manufactory, flour and products (sugar, sweets, tea, etc.)

3. Krylov's house, which had several horses, cows and a lot of arable land, used hired labor.

4. Houses belonging to wealthy residents Maria Belyakova, Anastasia Myasnichkina, Chvanovs, Fenagentovs, who had a lot of rented land and used hired labor.

5. The house where the local history museum is located belonged to the merchant Delyakhanov. It was built, presumably in the late XIX - early XX centuries.

But among the architectural structures, the monument “Kind Angel of the World” in the regional center of the Alkeyevsky district is very remarkable. As conceived by the author of this project, Peter Stronsky, the sculpture is designed to perpetuate the memory of patrons and people involved in charity. A kind of chronicle of patronage with a list of names of famous benefactors is carved on the stone at the base of this monument...

By the way, the beautiful and successful Alina Kabaeva also has “Alkeyevsky roots”. And a few years ago, she personally took part in the opening of a sports complex in Bazarny Mataki.

- Alkeevsky district is the birthplace of my grandfather, - said the Olympic champion in rhythmic gymnastics. - Therefore, with a special feeling, I open a sports complex and a house children's creativity in this city.

More eloquent than words

The history of the Alkeyevsky district goes back to ancient times. Scientists believe that it began 3.5 thousand years ago.

The golden times of Bazaar Matak fell on late XIX century and, alas, long gone.

However, ten years ancient land decided to attract investors, and, thanks to significant cash injections, the district was on the top lines of the republican economic rating of rural areas.

More than 10 billion rubles have been invested in agriculture alone! In addition, the republican government of the republic generously subsidized the development of private farms, the construction of houses, roads, bridges, schools, mosques and churches.

The old building of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity is in disrepair, and with the blessing of Archbishop Anastassy of Kazan and Tatarstan (now Metropolitan), it was decided to build a new church.

Bazaar Mataki. Church of the Life-Giving Trinity (old). Built: Between 1878 and 1880.

The foundation of the temple was laid in 1878 and opened in 1880 at the expense of Archpriest Avraam Selsky and parishioners. However, in 1921 the temple was closed. True, at the request of parishioners from nearby villages, a year later it was opened, but in 1936 it was closed completely. The property was removed. The building was given first to a granary, and then to a village club. In 1960, they made a stone extension and organized a cinema and a gym. And in 1982, the former temple was turned into a Tatpotrebsoyuz store.

Only in 1995, at the request of the local population, the building was returned to the church again. Formed an income. Hieromonk Peter Gaidenko became the rector. And in 1999 Archpriest Andrey Zinkov was appointed to the parish. However, it was obvious that the historic building was in disrepair, and, with the blessing of Archbishop Anastassy of Kazan and Tatarstan, it was decided to build a new church.

And in 2003, Archpriest Andrey Zinkov and hegumen Moses Kayturov laid the first stone in the foundation of a new double-altar church. Construction continues to this day...

Photo: Nikolai Zelm, fotki.yandex.ru
Information sources:
Team Nomads
http://alkeevskiy.tatarstan.ru/
http://www.governors.ru/
http://president.tatarstan.ru/
http://sobory.ru/
http://fotki.yandex.ru/