History of preparation for OGE theory. Online GIA history tests. After completing the course, students should be able to

The question of how to pass the OGE in history concerns few people, because due to the complexity of the subject and the volume of material, few people after finishing 9th grade find the courage to take this exam. History is listed among the elective disciplines, while mathematics and the Russian language are compulsory. In total you will have to pass four exams.

Structure and assessment

The peculiarity of the OGE in history is that children have time to study historical periods up to the 19th century, and the compilers of the exam included the 20th century in the task. general information The 2018 OGE is no different from last year’s version. There are two parts with 35 tasks (30 and 5, respectively):

1. The part where you need to choose the correct option, or answer briefly, following the sequence of numbers or words
2. The part where a detailed answer is required.

To overcome minimum threshold and to get a C in the OGE in history, it is enough to score 13 points by completing, for example, the first 13 tasks. Having answered the first 30 questions correctly, you can already qualify for an A, for which you will need from 35 points and above, up to maximum quantity- 44 points.

How to properly plan your preparation?

Everyone knows that by deciding to prepare for an exam in advance, you can make your life much easier during the exam. Therefore, first of all, it is important to think about how to prepare for the OGE in history. You can do this yourself, based on the material you have learned and lessons at school. It is better to study from scratch in appropriate courses or with a tutor.

Whatever you decide, good preparation requires hard work and planned actions, which include the following:

• determining the current level of knowledge;
• drawing up the right course and setting goals for the future;
• selection of high-quality manuals and collections for preparation (necessarily developed and approved by FIPI).

Since the structure of the OGE in history in 2018 does not have any changes or innovations, you can prepare using any of last year’s tests for 9th graders in this subject.

Particular attention should be paid to the volume of information: now there is no need to overload yourself with additional and complex data. It is best when the topics are divided by historical periods, and appropriate thematic collections are used to quickly consolidate them. It is worth purchasing a collection with full-fledged options, but solving them will be easier and more correct after mastering the entire course of Russian history, otherwise you will only get confused.

Also, do not get carried away with diagrams and tables, use them only as assistants. Be sure to pay attention to maps and images; tasks with them usually cause problems for schoolchildren.

By following these tips and dedicating several hours to studying and improving, studying 2-3 days a week, you will stop worrying about how to pass the OGE in history, and a good result will not be long in coming.

Concepts and terms:
Appropriating and producing economy. Slavs. Rus. Slash-and-burn farming system. City. Village. Tribute, polyudye. Prince, veche, mayor. Squad. Merchants. Patrimony. Estate. Peasants. Corvée and quitrent. Stinkers, purchases, slaves. Paganism, Christianity, Orthodoxy, Islam, Judaism. Monastery. Metropolitan. Autocephaly (church). Tithe.

Graffiti. Basilica. Cross-domed church. Plintha. Fresco. Mosaic. Chronicle. Lives, hagiographic literature. Birch bark letters. Epics.

Horde. Kurultai, baskak, label. Crusaders. Centralization. Feeding. Tsar. Coat of arms.

Personalities:
Rurik. Askold and Dir. Oleg. Igor. Olga. Svyatoslav Igorevich. Vladimir the Holy. Boris and Gleb. Svyatopolk the Accursed. Yaroslav the Wise. Vladimir Monomakh. Daniil Galitsky. Yury Dolgoruky. Andrey Bogolyubsky. Vsevolod the Big Nest. Igor Svyatoslavich. Genghis Khan. Batu (Batu Khan). Alexander Nevskiy. Daniil Moskovsky. Mikhail Yaroslavich Tverskoy. Yuri Danilovich. Ivan Kalita. Jagiello. Vytautas Mamai. Tokhtamysh. Edigei. Tamerlane. Dmitry Donskoy. Vasily I. Vasily the Dark. Ivan III.

Cyril and Methodius. Cue. Metropolitan Hilarion. Nestor. Daniil Sharpener. Sergius of Radonezh. Epiphanius the Wise, Pachomius Serb. Stefan Permsky. Metropolitans Peter, Alexy, Jonah. Sofya Vitovtovna. Dmitry Shemyaka. Theophanes the Greek. Andrey Rublev. Marfa Boretskaya. Sofia (Zoe) Paleolog. Afanasy Nikitin. Aristotle Fioravanti.

Events/dates:
860 – Russian campaign against Constantinople
862 – “calling” of Rurik
882 – capture of Kyiv by Oleg
907 – Oleg’s campaign against Constantinople
911 – agreement between Rus' and Byzantium
941, 944 – Igor’s campaigns against Constantinople, the treaty between Rus' and Byzantium
964-972 – campaigns of Svyatoslav
978/980-1015 – reign of Vladimir Svyatoslavich
988 – baptism of Rus'
1016-1018 and 1019-1054 – reign of Yaroslav the Wise
XI century – Russian Truth (Short edition)
1097 – Lyubech Congress
1113-1125 – reign of Vladimir Monomakh in Kyiv
1125-1132 – reign of Mstislav the Great in Kyiv
Beginning of the 12th century – “The Tale of Bygone Years”
XII century – Russian Truth (Long edition)
1147 – first mention of Moscow
1185 – Igor Svyatoslavich’s campaign against the Polovtsians
1223 – battle on the river. Kalke
1237-1241 – conquest of Rus' by the Mongol Empire
1240, July 15 – Battle of the Neva
1242, April 5 – Battle of the Ice
1242-1243 – formation of the Golden Horde
1325-1340 – reign of Ivan Kalita.
1327 – anti-Horde uprising in Tver
1359-1389 – reign of Dmitry Donskoy
1378, August 11 – battle on the river. Vozhe
1380, September 8 – Battle of Kulikovo
1382 – destruction of Moscow by Tokhtamysh
1389 – 1425 – reign of Vasily I
1395 – defeat of the Golden Horde by Timur
1410, July 15 – Battle of Grunwald
1425-1453 – internecine war in the Moscow Principality
1425-1462 – reign of Vasily II
1448 – establishment of autocephaly of the Russian Church
1462-1505 – reign of Ivan III
1478 – accession Novgorod land to Moscow
1480 – “standing” on the river. Eel
1485 – annexation of the Grand Duchy of Tver to Moscow
1497 – adoption of the All-Russian Law Code

Concepts and terms:
Localism. "The Chosen One" Reforms. Petition. Autocracy. Sovereign's yard. Estate-representative monarchy. Zemsky Sobors. Orders. Oprichnina. Reserved summers. Summer lessons. Serfdom. Cathedral Code. Cossacks. Hetman. Serif line. Imposture. Posad. Sloboda. Manufactory. Fair. Old Believers. Split. Parsuna. Regiments of the new (foreign) system. Sagittarius. Yasak.

Personalities:
Vasily III. Elena Glinskaya. Joseph Volotsky. Ivan IV the Terrible. Fedor Ivanovich. Boris Godunov. False Dmitry I. False Dmitry II. Vasily Shuisky. Mikhail Fedorovich. Alexey Mikhailovich. Fedor Alekseevich.

A.F. Adashev. Archpriest Sylvester. A.M. Kurbsky. Malyuta Skuratov. Metropolitan Philip (Kolychev). Ermak. Khan Kuchum. I.I. Bolotnikov. Patriarch Hermogenes. M.V. Skopin-Shuisky. K. Minin. D.M. Pozharsky. Patriarch Filaret. B.I. Morozov. Patriarch Nikon. Archpriest Avvakum. A.L.Ordin-Nashchokin. A.S. Matveev. Stepan Razin. B. Khmelnitsky.

Dionysius. Ivan Fedorov. Andrey Chokhov. Simon Ushakov. Simeon of Polotsk. Epiphany Slavinetsky. Karion Istomin. Sylvester Medvedev. Erofey Khabarov. Semyon Dezhnev. Vasily Poyarkov.

Events/dates:
1505 – 1533 – reign of Vasily III
1533 – 1584 – reign (reign) of Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible.
1533 – 1538 – regency of Elena Glinskaya
1547 – adoption of the royal title by Ivan the Terrible
1549 – first Zemsky Sobor
1550 – adoption of the Law Code
1552 – capture of Kazan by Russian troops
1556 – annexation of the Astrakhan Khanate to Russia.
1556 – cancellation of feedings
1558 – 1583 – Livonian War
1564 – publication of the first Russian printed book
1565 – 1572 – oprichnina
1581 – 1585 – conquest of Siberia by Ermak
1584 – 1598 – reign of Fyodor Ivanovich
1589 – establishment of the patriarchate in Russia
1598 – 1605 – reign of Boris Godunov
1604 – 1618 – Troubles in Russia
1605 – 1606 – reign of False Dmitry I.
1606 – 1610 – reign of Vasily Shuisky.
1606 – 1607 – uprising of Ivan Bolotnikov.
1607 – 1610 – movement of False Dmitry II.
1611 – 1612 – I and II Militia. Liberation of Moscow.
1613 – 1645 – reign of Mikhail Fedorovich.
1617 – Peace of Stolbovo with Sweden
1618 – Deulin truce with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1632 – 1634 – Smolensk War.
1645 – 1676 – reign of Alexei Mikhailovich
1648 – Salt riot in Moscow
1648 – campaign of Semyon Dezhnev
1649 – adoption of the Council Code. Registration of serfdom in central regions countries
1649 – 1653 – campaigns of Erofey Khabarov
1653 – reforms of Patriarch Nikon, the beginning of the church schism
1654 – Pereyaslav Rada. Transition of Left Bank Ukraine to Russian rule
1654 – 1667 – war with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1656 – 1658 – war with Sweden.
1662 – Copper Riot
1667 – Truce of Andrusovo
1670 – 1672 – uprising of Stepan Razin.
1676 – 1682 – reign of Fyodor Alekseevich.

Concepts and terms:
Modernization. Reforms. Mercantilism. Guard. Empire. Senate. Collegiums. Synod. Province. Fortress manufactory. Recruit kits. Revision. Prosecutor. Fiscal. Profitmaker. Assembly. Table of ranks. Town Hall. Palace coup. Supreme Privy Council. "Conditions". "Bironovschina." "Enlightened absolutism". Secularization. Stacked commission. Guild. Baroque. Rococo. Classicism. Sentimentalism.

Personalities:
Peter I. Ivan V. Princess Sophia. Catherine I. Peter II. Anna Ioannovna. Anna Leopoldovna. John VI Antonovich. Elizaveta Petrovna. Peter III. Catherine II. Paul I.

V.V. Golitsyn. F.Ya.Lefort. P. Gordon. A.D. Menshikov. F.A. Golovin. B.P. Sheremetev. F.M.Apraksin. Y.V.Bruce. P.P.Shafirov. I. Mazepa. N.D. Demidov. Stefan Yavorsky. E.I.Biron. A.I. Osterman. B.K.Minich. A.P.Volynsky. I.I.Shuvalov. P.I.Shuvalov. A.P. Bestuzhev-Ryumin. A.G. Orlov. G.A. Potemkin. P.A.Rumyantsev. A.V. Suvorov. F.F. Ushakov. M.I. Kutuzov. E.I. Pugachev. Salavat Yulaev. E.R. Dashkova.

Feofan Prokopovich. A. Nartov. D. Trezzini. V.V. Rastrelli. I. N. Nikitin. M.V. Lomonosov. G. Bayer. N.I. Novikov. A.N. Radishchev. V.N. Tatishchev. V. Bering. A.D. Cantemir. N.M. Karamzin. G.R. Derzhavin. V.K. Trediakovsky. A.P. Sumarokov. D.I. Fonvizin. F.G.Volkov. IN AND. Bazhenov. M.F.Kazakov. V.V. Rastrelli. F.S. Rokotov. D.G.Levitsky. V.L. Borovikovsky. F.I. Shubin. I.I. Polzunov. I.P.Kulibin. D.S. Bortnyansky.

Events/dates:
1682-1725–reign of Peter I (until 1696 together with Ivan V)
1682-1689–reign of Princess Sophia
1682, 1689, 1698–streltsy uprisings
1686–Eternal Peace with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
1687–founding of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy in Moscow
1687, 1689–Crimean campaigns
1689–Nerchinsk Treaty with China
1695, 1696–Azov campaigns
1697-1698–Great Embassy
1700-1721–Northern War
1700–defeat at Narva
1703, May 16 – founding of St. Petersburg
1705-1706–uprising in Astrakhan
1707-1708–uprising of Kondraty Bulavin
1708-1710–establishment of provinces
1708, September–Battle of Lesnoy
1709, June 27 – Battle of Poltava
1711–establishment of the Senate; Prut campaign
1714–decree on unified inheritance
1714, July 27 – Battle of Gangut
1718-1721–establishment of colleges
1718-1724–carrying out a capitation census and the first audit
1720–battle of the island. Grengam
1721–Treaty of Nystadt
1721–proclamation of Russia as an empire
1722–Introduction Table of Ranks
1722-1723–Caspian (Persian) campaign
1725–establishment of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg
1725-1727–Catherine I
1727-1730–Peter II
1730-1740–Anna Ioannovna
1741-1761 – Elizaveta Petrovna
1756-1763–Seven Years' War
1761-1762–Peter III
1762–Manifesto on the freedom of the nobility
1762-1796–Catherine II
1769-1774–Russian-Turkish War
1770, June 26 – Battle of Chesma
1770, July 21 – Battle of Cahul
1773-1775–Rebellion of Emelyan Pugachev
1774–Kyuchuk-Kainardzhi peace with the Ottoman Empire
1775–Beginning of provincial reform
1783–Annexation of Crimea to Russia
1785–Charter grants to the nobility and cities
1787-1791–Russian-Turkish War
1788-1790–Russian-Swedish War
1790, December 11 – capture of Izmail
1791 – Peace of Jassy with the Ottoman Empire 1772, 1793, 1795 – Partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
1796-1801–reign of Paul I
1799–Italian and Swiss campaigns of the Russian army

Concepts and terms:
Modernization, industrialization, urbanization, autocracy, bureaucracy, Slavophilism, Westernism, theory of official nationalism, populism, nihilism, liberalism, conservatism, socialism, radicalism, anarchism, Marxism, nationalism, nation, multi-party system, constitutionalism, parliamentarism, revolution, classicism, empire style, romanticism, symbolism.

Personalities: Emperors : Alexander I, Nicholas I, Alexander II, Alexander III, Nicholas II.

State and military figures : M.M.Speransky, A.A.Arakcheev, M.I.Kutuzov, M.B.Barclay-de-Tolly, P.I.Bagration, S.S.Uvarov, A.H.Benkendorf, P.D .Kiselev, V.A.Kornilov, P.S.Nakhimov, Grand Duke. Konstantin Nikolaevich, N.A. Milyutin, D.A. Milyutin, M.T. Loris-Melikov, P.A. Valuev, M.D. Skobelev, K.P. Pobedonostsev, S.Yu. Witte, V.K Pleve, P.A. Stolypin, S.O. Makarov.

Public figures : P.I. Pestel, K.F. Ryleev, N.M. Muravyov, P.Ya. Chaadaev, A.S. Khomyakov, I.S. Aksakov, K.S. Aksakov, I.V. Kireevsky, N Y. Danilevsky, A. I. Herzen, P. L. Lavrov, P. N. Tkachev, M. A. Bakunin, S. L. Perovskaya, B. N. Chicherin, K. D. Kavelin, M. N. .Katkov, K.N.Leontiev, G.V.Plekhanov, V.I.Zasulich, G.A.Gapon, V.M.Purishkevich, V.V.Shulgin, P.N.Milyukov, P.B.Struve , A.I.Guchkov, M.V.Rodzyanko, V.M.Chernov, B.V.Savinkov, Yu.O.Martov, V.I.Lenin.

Cultural figures : G.R. Derzhavin, V.A. Zhukovsky, I.A. Krylov, E.A. Boratynsky, A.S. Pushkin, M.Yu. Lermontov, V.G. Belinsky, N.V. Gogol, I.S. Turgenev, I.A. Goncharov, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, L.N. Tolstoy, F.M. Dostoevsky, N.G. Chernyshevsky, N.A. Nekrasov, F.I. Tyutchev, A.A. Fet, A.P. Chekhov, I.A. Bunin, D.S. Merezhkovsky, A.A. Blok, O.E. Mandelstam, M.I. Tsvetaeva, V.V. Mayakovsky, V.S. Solovyov, S.N. Bulgakov, N.A. Berdyaev, K.I. Rossi, A.N. Voronikhin, K.A. Ton, F. A. Shekhtel, K. P. Bryullov, I. N. Kramskoy, O. A. Kiprensky, V. A. Tropinin, V. G. Perov, I. E. Repin, V. M. Vasnetsov, V. A. Serov, M.A.Vrubel, M.I.Glinka, A.S. Dargomyzhsky, N.G.Rubinshtein, P.I.Tchaikovsky, M.P.Musorsky, N.A.Rimsky-Korsakov, S.V. Rachmaninov, A.N. Scriabin, F.I. Chaliapin, S.P. Diaghilev, M. Petipa, Seraphim of Sarov, Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov), Metropolitan Macarius (Bulgakov), Ambrose of Optina.

Scientists : N.M. Karamzin, N.I. Lobachevsky, D.I. Mendeleev, N.N. Zinin, N.D. Zelinsky, P.N. Yablochkov, A.N. Lodygin, A.S. Popov, N.I. Pirogov, I.I. Mechnikov, I.P. Pavlov, P.N. Lebedev, I.M. Sechenov, K.A. Timiryazev, M.M. Kovalevsky, T.N. Granovsky, M.P. Pogodin, S.M. Solovyov, V.O. Klyuchevsky, A.A. Shakhmatov, N.P. Pavlov-Silvansky, L.P. Karsavin.

Industrialists and philanthropists : P.M. and S.M. Tretyakovs, P.P. and V.P. Ryabushinsky, S.I. Mamontov, Morozov dynasty, S.I. Shchukin, A.A. Bakhrushin.

Travelers : I.F.Kruzenshtern, F.F.Bellingshausen, Yu.F.Lisyansky, M.P.Lazarev, G.I.Nevelskoy, N.M. Przhevalsky.

Events/dates:
1801–1825 – years of reign of Alexander I;
November 20, 1805 – Battle of Austerlitz;
June 25, 1807 - Peace of Tilsit;
January 1, 1810 - establishment of the State Council;
1811 – establishment of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum;
1812 – Peace of Bucharest with the Ottoman Empire;
June 12 – December 14, 1812 – Patriotic War of 1812;
August 26, 1812 – Battle of Borodino;
1813 – 1814 – Foreign campaigns of the Russian army;
October 4-7, 1813 – Battle of Leipzig;
1815 – Congress of Vienna;
1817 – 1864 – war in the North Caucasus;
1821 – formation of the Northern and Southern societies;
1824 – opening of the Maly Theater in Moscow;
1825 – opening of the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow;
December 14, 1825 – Decembrist uprising on Senate Square;
1825 – 1855 – the reign of Nicholas I;
1826 – discovery of non-Euclidean geometry by N.I. Lobachevsky;
1828 – Turkmanchay peace with Persia;
1829 – Peace of Adrianople with the Ottoman Empire;
1837 – 1841 – reform of management of state peasants P.D. Kiseleva;
1853 – 1856 – Crimean War;
1856 – Treaty of Paris;
February 19, 1861 - publication of the Manifesto on the liberation of peasants and the “Regulations on peasants emerging from serfdom”;
1862 – establishment of the St. Petersburg Conservatory;
1863 – 1864 - uprising in Poland;
1864 – judicial reform;
1864 – zemstvo reform;
1866 – establishment of the Moscow Conservatory;
1869 – discovery of the periodic law chemical elements DI. Mendeleev;
1870 – the establishment of the “Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions”;
1870 – urban reform;
1877 – 1878 – Russian-Turkish war;
1878 – Berlin Congress;
March 1, 1881 – assassination of Alexander II;
1881 – 1894 – years of reign of Alexander III;
1881 – publication of “Regulations on measures to protect state order and public peace”;
1884 – publication of a new University Charter;
1890 – publication of a new Zemstvo Regulation;
1891 – 1892 – famine in Russia;
1892 - creation of the Tretyakov Gallery;
1894 - conclusion of an alliance with France;
1894 – 1917 – years of reign of Nicholas II;
1897 – introduction of the gold ruble;
1898 – formation of the Moscow Art Theater (MAT);
1904 – 1905 – Russian-Japanese war;
January 9, 1905 - “Bloody Sunday”;
April 17, 1905 - Decree on Strengthening the Principles of Tolerance
May 14-15, 1905 - defeat of the Russian fleet in the Battle of Tsushima;
August 6, 1905 – Manifesto on the establishment of the legislative advisory State Duma;
September 5, 1905 – conclusion of the Portsmouth Peace;
October 7-25, 1905 – All-Russian political strike;
October 17, 1905 – The Supreme Manifesto on the granting of freedoms and the establishment of the State Duma;
December 9-19, 1905 – armed uprising in Moscow;
December 11, 1905 – law on elections to the State Duma;
April 23, 1906 – publication of the Basic State Laws;
April 27 – July 8, 1906 – activities of the First State Duma;
November 9, 1906 – the beginning of the agrarian reform of P.A. Stolypin;
February 20 - June 3, 1907 - activities of the second State Duma and publication of the electoral law on June 3, 1907;
1907 – final formation of the Entente;
1907 – 1912 – work of the III State Duma;
1912 – 1917 – work of the IV State Duma.

Concepts and terms : provisional government, "dual power", Soviet power, Constituent Assembly, Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) - RCP(b), dictatorship of the proletariat, All-Russian Central Executive Committee of Soviets, Council of People's Commissars, Supreme Economic Council, Cheka, policy of "war communism", Decree on land, Decree on world, Red Guard, workers' control, surplus appropriation, food detachments, committee of the poor, bagmen, Civil War, “red”, “white”, “green”, Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, Revolutionary Military Council, Volunteer Army, KOMUCH, card system, subbotnik, “black market”, speculation, separation of church and state, first wave of emigration, “Windows of GROWTH”, GOELRO plan.

Personalities : A.F. Kerensky, V.I. Lenin, Nicholas II, M.V. Rodzianko, G.E. Lvov, P.N. Milyukov, L.G. Kornilov, F.E. Dzerzhinsky, Ya.M. Sverdlov, L.D. Trotsky, A.I. Denikin, A.V. Kolchak, P.N. Wrangel, Patriarch Tikhon, M.N. Tukhachevsky, S.M. Budyonny, M.V. Frunze, V.I. Chapaev, K.E. Voroshilov, G.I. Kotovsky, V.K. Blucher, N.I. Makhno.

Events/dates:
July 28, 1914–November 11, 1918–World War I
August 1, 1914 – Germany declares war on Russia;
1915 – formation of the Progressive Bloc;
May 1916 – “Brusilovsky breakthrough”;
February 26, 1917 – shooting of a demonstration on Znamenskaya Square in Petrograd, unit crossing military units to the side of the rebels;
February 27, 1917 – formation of the Provisional Committee of the State Duma;
March 2, 1917 – abdication of Nicholas II;
September 1, 1917 – proclamation of Russia as a republic;
February-November 1917 – Great Russian Revolution;
November 1917-1922–Civil War period;
February 1917 – February revolution and fall of the monarchy;
October 25-26, 1917 (November 7-8, new style) – October (Bolshevik) revolution;
Creation of the Council of People's Commissars – end of October 1917;
November 1917 – Adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia;
December 1917 – Creation of the Cheka under the Council of People's Commissars;
December 1917–Creation of the Supreme Council National economy(VSNKh);
January 5-6, 1918 – Constituent Assembly;
January 1918 – Creation of the Red Army;
March 3, 1918 – The Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany and exited the First World War;
May 1918 – uprising of the Czechoslovak corps, the beginning of a large-scale civil war in Russia;
July 1918 – uprising of the Left Social Revolutionaries;
July 1918 – adoption of the first Soviet constitution Russia;
September 5, 1918 – announcement of the Red Terror;
November 18, 1918 – overthrow of the Directory and establishment of the dictatorship of A. Kolchak;
May-October 1919 – offensive of the White Army under the command of Denikin;
October 1919-January 1920 – general offensive of the Red Army against the White armies;
1920 – occupation of Azerbaijan, Armenia, Khiva and Bukhara by the Red Army;
1920 – imprisonment by Soviet Russia peace treaties with Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia;
April–October 1920 – fighting during the Soviet-Polish war;
November 1920 – defeat of Wrangel’s White Army in Crimea;
1921 – Peace of Riga with Poland;
1921 – occupation of Georgia by the Red Army;
1920-1921 – Antonov uprising.

Concepts and terms: NEP, NEPman, “Chervonets”, “disenfranchised”, “Antonovshchina”, labor army, GOELRO, tax in kind, self-financing, trust, syndicate, concession, five-year plan, commune, cooperation, TOZ, People’s Commissariat, kulaks, poor, middle peasants, nomenklatura, educational program, Workers' Faculty, Komsomol, Pioneer, Comintern, Proletkult, social elevators, renovationism, "commchvanism", "advanced", Union of Militant Atheists, emancipation of women, Comacademy.

Personalities: A.S. Antonov, G.Ya Sokolnikov, L.D. Trotsky, I.V. Stalin, M.Ya. Frunze, G.K. Ordzhonikidze, G.E. Zinoviev, L.B. Kamenev, N.I. Bukharin, A.I. Rykov, M.I. Kalinin, G.V. Chicherin, G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, M.N. Pokrovsky, A.V. Lunacharsky, A.M. Gorky, D. Bedny, V.E. Tatlin, V.V. Mayakovsky, M.A. Bulgakov, S.A. Yesenin, V.I. Vernadsky, A.F. Ioffe, P.L. Kapitsa, I.M. Gubkin, V.E. Meyerhold, G.V. Alexandrov, A.P. Dovzhenko, L.P. Orlova, A.V. Shchusev, M.A. Sholokhov, A.S. Makarenko, N.A. Semashko, N.K. Krupskaya, I.E. Babel, B.A. Pilnyak, A.P. Platonov.

Events/dates:
October 1917 – January 1924 – V.I. Lenin at the head of the country
March 1921 – uprising in Kronstadt
August 1920 – June 1921 – Tambov uprising
1920 – adoption of the GOELRO plan
March 14, 1921 – transition to NEP
1921–1922 – Famine in Soviet Russia
April 16, 1922 – Treaty of Rapallo
1922 – end of the civil war in the Far East.
1922 – creation of the USSR
1922-1924 - financial reform
1923 – creation of the State Planning Committee
1924 – adoption of the USSR Constitution
1924 - March 1953 – I.V. Stalin at the head of the USSR
1924 - “Strip of recognition of the USSR”
1925 – the beginning of the development of annual national economic plans
1928-1929 – winding down of NEP
1928 – Shakhty process
1929 – adoption of the first five-year plan

USSR in 1929-1941: “Stalinist socialism”

Concepts and terms:
“The Great Turning Point”, Stalin’s dictatorship, cult of personality, Soviet industrialization, collectivization, cultural revolution, urbanization, collective farm, state farm, MTS, workday, dispossession, special settlers, OSOAVIAKHIM, “Chelyuskinites”, enemy of the people, shock workers, Stakhanovites, mass repressions, NKVD , Gulag, Arctic development, socialist realism, communal life, barracks, rationing supply system, passport system, collective security system in Europe, Soviet-German non-aggression pact.

Personalities : I.V. Stalin, L.M. Kaganovich, N.I. Ezhov, L.P. Beria, S.M. Kirov, V.M. Molotov, G.K. Zhukov, K.E. Voroshilov, M.M. Litvinov, A.S. Yakovlev, A.N. Tupolev, N.N. Polikarpov, O.Yu. Schmidt, A.G. Stakhanov, V.P. Chkalov, A.I. Mikoyan, G.K. Ordzhonikidze, A.V. Lunacharsky, A.M. Gorky, M.A. Bulgakov, I.G. Ehrenburg, A.A. Fadeev, A.A. Akhmatova, A.T. Tvardovsky, D.A. Shostakovich, S.S. Prokofiev, I.O. Dunaevsky, V.I. Mukhina, S.M. Eisenstein, V.I. Pudovkin, G.V. Alexandrov.

Events/dates:
1928-1933 - first five-year plan
1934-1938 - second five-year plan
The first five-year plan - 1928-1932.
Second Five-Year Plan - 1933-1937
1929 – transition to complete collectivization Agriculture(year of the “great turning point”)
1930 – elimination of mass unemployment, closure of labor exchanges
1930-1935 – card system of supplying the population
1932 – introduction of the passport system
1932-1933 - famine in the USSR
1936 – adoption of the new Constitution of the USSR
1937-1938 – peak of mass repressions
July 24 – August 11, 1938 – conflict on the lake. Hassan
May 11 – September 16, 1939 – conflict on the river. Khalkhin Gol
August 23, 1939 – Soviet-German non-aggression pact
September 1, 1939 – beginning of World War II
November 30, 1939 – March 13, 1940 – Soviet-Finnish (“winter”) war
1940 – entry of the Baltic states into the USSR

Concepts and terms : anti-Hitler coalition, anti-fascist underground, general plan "Ost", plan "Barbarossa", blitzkrieg, GKO, blockade, Tehran Conference, Yalta Conference, Potsdam Conference, Brest Fortress, an occupation, partisan detachments, liberation mission of the Red Army, turning point in the war, order No. 227 (“Not a step back!”), evacuation, collaboration, Vlasovites, concentration camps, Holocaust, Lend-Lease, people’s militia, forced relocation, repatriation, second front, surrender , United Nations (UN), reparations.

Personalities : A.I. Antonov, I.Kh. Bagramyan, A.M. Vasilevsky, N.F. Vatutin, K.E. Voroshilov, L.A. Govorov, M.A. Egorov, M.V. Kantaria, A.A. Zhdanov, G.K. Zhukov, V.G. Klochkov, I.N. Kozhedub, A.I. Pokryshkin, I.S. Konev, N.G. Kuznetsov, R.Ya. Malinovsky, K.A. Meretskov, D.G. Pavlov, I.V. Panfilov, K.K. Rokossovsky, I.V. Stalin, V.V. Talalikhin, S.K. Timoshenko, F.I. Tolbukhin, I.D. Chernyakhovsky, V.I. Chuikov, B.M. Shaposhnikov, M.S. Shumilov.

B.L. Vannikov, N.A. Voznesensky, S.V. Ilyushin, M.I. Koshkin, V.A. Malyshev, M. G. Pervukhin, A.N. Tupolev, D.F. Ustinov, A.I. Shakhurin, N.M. Shvernik, A.S. Yakovlev, S.A. Lavochkin, R. Sorge, S.A. Kovpak, Z.A. Kosmodemyanskaya, O.V. Koshevoy, D.M. Karbyshev, N.I. Kuznetsov, P.K. Ponomarenko, A.F. Fedorov, V.M. Molotov, A.A. Gromyko, M.M. Litvinov, I.M. Maisky, D.D. Shostakovich, K.S. Simonov, M. Jalil, L.A. Ruslanova, A.T. Tvardovsky, O.F. Berggolts, Yu.B. Levitan.

Events/dates:
September 1, 1939 – September 2, 1945 – World War II
June 22, 1941 – May 9, 1945 – Great Patriotic War
June 24, 1941 - creation of the Evacuation Council
July 10-September 10, 1941 – Battle of Smolensk
September 8, 1941 - the beginning of the siege of Leningrad
September 30, 1941 – the beginning of the battle of Moscow
November 7, 1941 - parade of troops of the Moscow garrison and the Moscow defense zone on Red Square
November 7, 1941 - official US decision to extend Lend-Lease to the USSR
December 5-6, 1941 – transition Soviet troops in a counteroffensive near Moscow
July 17, 1942 – February 2, 1943 Battle of Stalingrad
July 25, 1942 – the beginning of the Battle of the Caucasus
July 28, 1942 - order No. 227 (“Not a step back!”)
November 19, 1942 - Soviet troops launched a counteroffensive near Stalingrad
January 12-18, 1943 - breaking the siege of Leningrad
July 5 – August 23, 1943 – Battle of Kursk
August 5, 1943 – liberation of Orel and Belgorod, first fireworks display in Moscow
August 3 – September 15, 1943 – guerrilla operation"Rail War"
November 6, 1943 – liberation of Kyiv
November 28 – December 1, 1943 – Tehran Conference
January 27, 1944 – complete liberation Leningrad from the enemy blockade
March 26, 1944 - Soviet troops entered the Romanian border, the beginning of the liberation of European countries by the Red Army (1944-1945)
June 6, 1944 – Allied landing in France, opening of a second front
June 23 – August 29, 1944 – Belarusian offensive Soviet troops
1943–1944 – deportation “ repressed peoples" THE USSR
February 4-11, 1945 – Yalta Conference
April 16 – May 2, 1945 – Battle of Berlin
April 25 - June 26, 1945 - United Nations Conference in San Francisco. Adoption of the UN Charter
May 9, 1945 (Moscow time) - unconditional surrender of Germany, end of the Great War Patriotic War
July 17 – August 2, 1945 – Potsdam Conference
August 9 – September 2, 1945 – Soviet-Japanese War
September 2, 1945 – Japanese surrender and end of World War II

Personalities : L.P. Beria, A.A. Zhdanov, N.A. Voznesensky, S.P. Korolev, I.V. Kurchatov, S.M. Mikhoels, M.A. Suslov, G.M. Malenkov, N.S. Khrushchev, N.A. Bulganin, L.I. Brezhnev, Yu.A. Gagarin, V.V. Tereshkova, A.A. Leonov, A.N. Kosygin, Yu.V. Andropov, M.S. Gorbachev, N.I. Ryzhkov, L.I. Abalkin, G.A. Yavlinsky, B.N. Yeltsin, A.N. Yakovlev, E.A. Shevardnadze, V.A. Kryuchkov, A.A. Sobchak.

V.S. Vysotsky, E.I. Neizvestny, A.I. Solzhenitsyn, B.L. Pasternak, A.D. Sakharov, L.V. Kantorovich, M.V. Keldysh, S.I. Vavilov, L.D. Landau, R.Z. Sagdeev, S.F. Bondarchuk, V.M. Shukshin, A.A. Tarkovsky, L.I. Yashin, V.B. Kharlamov, L.P. Skoblikova, M.M. Botvinnik, A.E. Karpov, G.K. Kasparov. R.G.Gamzatov, S.Z.Saidashev, F.A. Iskander, Ch.T.Aitmatov, Yu.S. Rytkheu, M.M. Magomaev, A. Babajanyan, P. Bul-Bul Ogly, D.S. Likhachev, F.A. Tabeev, M.A. Zakharov, N.S. Mikhalkov, O.N. Tabakov, V.G. Rasputin, M.L. Rostropovich, A.V. Makarevich, A.B. Pugacheva, G.K. Ots, R.V. Pauls, B.Sh. Okudzhava, B.N. Polevoy, A.N. Pakhmutova, A.I. Raikin, G.V. Khazanov, M.F. Shatrov, V.S. Rozov, A.T. Tvardovsky, M. M. Zhvanetsky, S.A. Gerasimov, G.N. Danelia, E.A. Ryazanov, E.S. Piekha, T.E. Abuladze, O.N. Efremov, E.A. Evstigneev, E.P. Leonov, A.I. Khachaturyan, I.O. Dunaevsky, V.P. Nekrasov, V.P. Astafiev, Yu.V. Bondarev, F.G. Ranevskaya, A.A. Galich, R.K. Shchedrin, M. Liepa, M.N. Plisetskaya, A.N. and B.N. Strugatsky, A.A. Voznesensky, R.I. Rozhdestvensky, E.A. Evtushenko, B.A. Akhmadulina.

Concepts and terms : Repatriation. Reparations. "Forest Brothers" "Bandera" Cosmopolitanism. "Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee". "The Doctors' Case" "Leningrad affair". Atomic bomb. Nuclear weapon. "Marshall Plan". "Truman Doctrine". "Cold War". Countries of "people's democracy". United Nations (UN). Cominformburo. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). Arms race. De-Stalinization. Rehabilitation. "Thaw". Virgin land. BAM, all-Union Komsomol construction sites. Economic councils. Organization Warsaw Pact(OVD). World socialist system. Peaceful coexistence of states. Third World countries". Non-Aligned Movement. "Samizdat" and "tamizdat". Generation of the sixties. "Khrushchevka". Amateur (bardic) song clubs. KVN movement. Hipsters. "Developed socialism". Hidden inflation. Petrodollars. Community of people “Soviet people”. Kosygin reform. Cost accounting. Agricultural-industrial complex. Shadow economy. " Prague Spring" Country house. Commodity shortage. VIA

“Perestroika”, “glasnost”, “new political thinking”, “acceleration strategy”, “dollar needle”, universal values, “socialism with a human face”, anti-alcohol campaign, human factor, new political thinking, universal values, political pluralism, rule of law, separation of powers, ethnic conflict, titular nation, commercial bank, individual work activity, conversion of defense enterprises, Congress of People's Deputies, Interregional Deputy Group, State Committee under a state of emergency (GKChP).

Events/dates:
March 1946 – Fulton speech by W. Churchill
1946-1991 – Cold War period
1947 – Marshall Plan
1946–1947 - famine in the USSR
1946 – resolution of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks “On the magazines “Zvezda” and “Leningrad””.
1947 – abolition of food cards and monetary reform
1947-1956 – activities of the Cominform Bureau
1948 – case of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
1949 – creation of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA)
1949 – North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
1948–1949 – 1st Berlin crisis
1949 – first successful test of a Soviet nuclear bomb
1949–1950 – Leningrad case
1950–1953 - Korean War
1952 – XIX Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Renaming the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) to the CPSU
March 5, 1953 – death of I.V. Stalin
1953-1964 – N.S. Khrushchev – First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.
1954 – the beginning of the development of virgin lands
1955 – creation of the Warsaw Pact Organization (WTO)
1956 – XX Congress of the CPSU, exposure of Stalin’s personality cult
1956 – Suez crisis
1956 – political crisis in Hungary
1957 – World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow
1957 – launch of the world's first USSR artificial satellite Earth
April 12, 1961 – flight into space of the world’s first cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin
1961 – second Berlin crisis. Construction of the Berlin Wall
1961 – XXII Congress of the CPSU. Adoption of the Program for Building Communism
1962 – events in Novocherkassk
1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis
.1963 – space flight of the world’s first female cosmonaut V.V. Tereshkova
1964 – displacement of N.S. Khrushchev from the post of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.
1964-1982 - first (since 1966 - General) Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee L.I. Brezhnev.
1965 – beginning of the A.N. reform. Kosygina
1968 - “Prague Spring” and the entry of troops of the Warsaw Warsaw countries into Czechoslovakia.
1969 – Soviet-Chinese border conflict
1972 – Soviet-American Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (ABM) and the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT-1)
1975 – the final stage of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in Helsinki.
1977 – new Constitution of the USSR
1979 – Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty-2 (SALT-2) with the United States
1979 – entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan
1980 – Summer Olympic Games in Moscow
1982 – death of L.I. Brezhnev
1982-1984 – Secretary General Central Committee of the CPSU Yu.V. Andropov.
1984-1985 – General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee K.U. Chernenko.
1985, March - election of M.S. as General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. Gorbachev
1985, April (Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee) - Proclamation by M.S. Gorbachev of a course of acceleration.
1986, February - proclamation of the main directions of the policy of Perestroika at the XXVII Congress of the CPSU.
1986, April 26 – accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
1987, January - proclamation of the glasnost policy
1988 June–July – XIX Conference of the CPSU
1989, February - withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan
1989, May–June – I Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR
1990 March 15 – election of M.S. Gorbachev as President of the USSR at the III Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR
1990, May–June – Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR, Adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Russia.
1991, March 17 - referendum on preserving the USSR
1991, June - election of B.N. Yeltsin as President of the RSFSR.
1991, August 19-21 – State Emergency Committee and White House defense
1991, August - Yeltsin’s decree banning the activities of the CPSU
1991, December 1 – referendum on the independence of Ukraine
1991, December - collapse of the USSR (Belovezhskaya agreements between the leaders of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Belarus). They signed the Declaration on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Alma-Ata Declaration on the Goals and Principles of the CIS (December 21, 1991)

Personalities : B.N. Yeltsin, V.V. Putin, D.A. Medvedev, E.T. Gaidar, A.B. Chubais, B.C. Chernomyrdin, R.I. Khasbulatov, A.V. Rutskoy, G.A. Zyuganov, V.V. Zhirinovsky, B.A. Berezovsky, M.B. Khodorkovsky, M.M. Friedman, P.O. Aven, V.A. Gusinsky, V.O. Potanin, A.P. Smolensky, M.Sh. Shaimiev, A.I. Lebed, E.M. Primakov, D.M. Dudaev, A.A. Maskhadov, A.Kh. Kadyrov, V.A. Gergiev, I.D. Kobzon, V.T. Spivakov, Yu.A. Bashmet, D.L. Matsuev, Z.K. Tsereteli, I.S. Glazunov, A.M. Shilov, L.M. Roshal, Zh.I. Alferov, V.L. Ginsburg.

Concepts and terms : “shock therapy”, default, voucher, loans-for-shares auction, price liberalization, privatization, International Monetary Fund (IMF), Constitutional Court, impeachment, oligarchs, power vertical, stabilization fund, “shuttle trading”, “financial pyramids” , “consumer basket”, natural monopoly, diversification of production, majoritarian and proportional electoral systems, Islamic radicalism (fundamentalism), vertical of power.

Events/dates:
1992, January 2 – the beginning of economic reform
1992 – decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the introduction of a system of privatization checks (vouchers), the beginning of the privatization of state property
1993, January - signing of the START-2 Treaty between Russia and the United States
1993, April 25 – referendum on confidence in President B.N. Yeltsin and the Supreme Council.
1993, September 21 - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1400 “On step-by-step constitutional reform”, announcement of the dissolution of the Congress of People's Deputies and the Supreme Council and the holding of a referendum on December 12 on the new Constitution
1993, October - tragic events in Moscow, shooting of the White House.
1993, December 12 – Adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and elections to the State Duma.
1994, December - the beginning of the military-political crisis in the Chechen Republic
1995, June – militant attack on Budennovsk
1996 - elections of the President of the Russian Federation.
1996 – signing of a truce in the Chechen Republic.
1998, August – default, financial crisis
1999 – resumption of military conflict in the Caucasus.
2000 – elections and inauguration of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin
2000 – creation of the institute of Plenipotentiary Representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts, creation of the State Council of the Russian Federation
2000 – approval new concept foreign policy of the Russian Federation
2003 – elections to the State Duma
2004 – election of V.V. Putin as President of the Russian Federation for a second term
2008 – election of D.A. Medvedev as President of the Russian Federation
2008, August – peace enforcement operation
2008 – Global financial crisis. Adjustment of tactics of socio-economic development in the conditions of the financial and economic crisis in the Russian Federation (2008)
2008 – law increasing the term of office of the State Duma to 5 years and the President of the Russian Federation to 6 years
2012 – election of V.V. Putin as President of the Russian Federation.

I APPROVED AGREED CONSIDERED

School Director Deputy Directors for Water Resources Management At the meeting of M.O.

"MBOU secondary school No. 1 s. Kyzyl - Mazhalyk" _______________ _________________

____________________ "___"_________20__ ________________

2014-2015 academic year

Working programm

preparation course for the OGE in Russian history for 9th grade.

Mongush Shonchalai Ochurovna

Explanatory note:

The program of the preparation course for the OGE in the history of Russia is compiled on the basis of the Federal component of the state educational standard.

The course is intended for graduating students who are preparing to enter higher education. educational establishments.

Purpose of the course- deepening the special training of students in the subject, repetition and systematization of knowledge through work on problematic tasks and test tasks.

In this case the following problems are solved:

formation and consolidation of a system of scientific (logical and figurative) knowledge and ideas about all fairly significant events, phenomena and processes of national history from ancient times to the end of the 20th century;

creating in students a mental and emotional-volitional basis for applying the acquired knowledge in the subject in practice;

development of students’ skills and abilities to work with tasks of varying degrees of complexity.
The preparation course for the OGE in the history of Russia is designed for 40 hours. During training session students work individually or in pairs, repetition of historical material on the stated topic is organized (main dates, events, concepts, personalities, cause-and-effect relationships), joint work on problematic tasks and test tasks of a multi-level nature. This allows students to move from simple to complex, systematizing knowledge, developing skills in analysis, comparison, and evaluation of information. At the same time, students get the opportunity to conduct a kind of research, carry out an independent search for solutions, exchange opinions, coming to the right decision.
Classes are educational and developmental in nature. Requirements for the knowledge and skills of students.

Upon completion of the course, students should know:

basic concepts and terms used in historical science;

the main stages and features of the historical process in Russia;

Russia in various periods of its history;

main chronological milestones, calendar dates in the history of Russia.

After completing the course, students should be able to:

apply methods of comparative historical analysis and a systematic approach to the analysis of events and phenomena of the past;

consciously determine one’s attitude towards historical phenomena, current problems history and modern world;

understandably and freely operate with general and specific concepts and terms in oral and writing, apply them in solving creative search problems;

theoretically comprehend and generalize historical material;

improve the ability to independently obtain, analyze, systematize, and creatively process historical information;

classify events, concepts, phenomena, dates, personalities, work with cartographic sources, genealogical tables, etc.

solve problematic problems and test tasks of varying degrees of complexity.

Thematic plan

Preparation program for the OGE in history for grade 9

Literature:

Katsva L.A. The history of homeland. Handbook for high school students and those entering universities. M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008.

Vladimirova O.V. history: Express tutor for preparing for the Unified State Exam. "History of Russia from antiquity to the end of the twentieth century." M.:AST: Astrel, 2009.

The most complete edition of standard variants real tasks OGE: 2010./History/author. Comp. Ya, V, Soloviev, E.A. Gevurkova L.I. Larina, V.I. Egorova. –M.:AST:Astrel, 2009.

A.E. Beznosov, Yu.V. Kushnereva. Story. Russia and the world: Tests. 9-11 grades: Educational method, manual. - M., Bustard, 2009.

L.N. Stepanova, G.N. Tambovtsev. Collection of tests on the history of Russia. - M.: Publishing house. Department of UEC DO MSU, 2009.

V.M. Kadnevsky. Tests on the history of Russia for applicants to universities. - M.: Rolf, 2000.

A.S. Orlov, T.L. Shestov. Fundamentals of the Russian history course. Tests. - M.: Prostor, 2001.

History: Tests for 9th grade. Options and answers for centralized testing. - M.: FIPI Testing Center, 2009-2010.

A.B. Drahler. National history from ancient times to the present day. - M.: Publishing house VLADOS - PRESS, 2008.

1000 questions and answers on history: Textbook/Ed. A.N. Aleksashkina. - M., AST, 2009.

All-Russian Olympiads for schoolchildren in history and natural science: Materials and comments / Comp. S.I. Kozlenko.-M: School press. 2003.

In 2019, in connection with the transition of some schools to a linear system of studying history, a second plan for assembling the KIM version (DEMO-2) was created, the tasks of which cover the period of history from ancient times to 1914. The number, types and complexity of tasks of the two proposed options were stated by the compilers of KIM identical, therefore in our test tasks We focus on the KIM DEMO-1 option as the most common today.
The tasks test the following skills and methods of action within the discipline of history:

1. Knowledge of the main dates, stages and key events in the history of Russia and the world from antiquity to the present.
2. Knowledge of outstanding figures of national and world history.
3. Knowledge most important achievements culture and value system formed during historical development.
4. Determining Sequence and Duration major events national and world history.
5. Using data from various historical and modern sources when answering questions and solving various educational problems; comparison of evidence from different sources.
6. Working with a historical map.
7. Using acquired knowledge when drawing up a plan and writing creative works.
8. Correlation of common historical processes and individual facts.
9. Systematization of historical information.
10. Explanation of the meaning of the studied historical concepts and terms.
11. Identification of commonalities and differences between compared historical events and phenomena.
12. Determining the causes and consequences of major historical events

Standard OGE test(GIA-9) format of 2019 on history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. For tasks in which the answer options are prepared by the compilers of real tests measuring materials(KIM) are not provided, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2019 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. For tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. For tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2018 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2017 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2016 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

The standard OGE test (GIA-9) of the 2015 format in history contains two parts. The first part contains 30 tasks with a short answer, the second part contains 5 tasks to which you need to give a detailed answer. In this regard, only the first part (the first 30 tasks) is presented in this test. According to the current exam structure, among these 30 questions, 22 of them have multiple choice answers. However, for the convenience of passing tests, the site administration decided to offer answer options in all tasks. However, for tasks in which the compilers of real test and measurement materials (CMMs) do not provide answer options, we decided to significantly increase the number of these answer options in order to bring our test as close as possible to what you will have to face at the end of the school year.

When completing tasks A1-A22, select only one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A20, choose only one correct option.

When completing tasks A1-A22, choose only one correct option.

IN last years, in connection with the introduction of the OGE, I, like many other teachers, had to significantly reconsider and rebuild the system of preparing students for the final certification and, moreover, their entire pedagogical activity. This work was associated with a deep analysis of my teaching experience, attempts to extract from it what could be useful in modern conditions and rejection of what is clearly outdated. I had to change my mind and read a lot. The situation was even more complicated by the fact that we have to prepare children with disabilities health. As a result, a certain system of work was formed, which will be discussed further.

It must be said right away that I do not consider the main goal of teaching history and social studies at school to be preparation for the OGE. If this preparation were the main task of the teacher, then our most interesting work would become uninteresting and, in my opinion, even unnecessary. Moreover, practice shows that even with a fairly intensive preparation of the student for the exam and if he is interested in the maximum successful completion OGE (caused, as a rule, by the opportunity to enter, therefore, desired university), the result will not be high if the child has no interest in the subject. The formation of such interest is a completely different, separate topic. But let’s say that there are students who are interested in the history of Russia, and therefore, of course, know it well. Is it possible to say that they will certainly successfully pass the OGE in the history of Russia and, based on the results of this exam, will enter the selected universities? Unfortunately no! The fact is that the OGE is carried out in the form of tests. To complete these tests, you need to have certain skills. A person who has never solved tests in the form in which they are proposed in OGE tasks, one might say, who has not “been skilled” in solving them may receive a low score. For a young person who thinks he knows history, this can be a serious life blow. It’s good if he has enough life wisdom to withstand it. Needless to say, his failure in the exam will not benefit our country. Therefore, every teacher who truly loves his students and who wants prosperity for the Motherland is simply obliged to help children master the skills necessary to complete the OGE tests.

It is clear that within the framework of the main course (2 hours per week) it is simply impossible to prepare students for the OGE at a more or less decent level. But they need to be prepared; it is necessary to develop in students those skills that will be needed specifically for successfully passing the Unified state exam. It is important that in history and social studies lessons, students become familiar with the features of performing various types of OGE tasks. Also occupies a large place practical implementation tasks. This is the general scheme of preparation for the OGE.

The content of classes, forms of work in the lesson, methods of assessing students’ knowledge, of course, will be determined by each teacher himself in accordance with the stage of the program, the level of preparedness of the children, their desire to study the subject, their style of communication with students, etc. But, in my opinion , there are principles that it is advisable to follow. At least mine personal experience shows that taking these principles into account leads to success.

1) The most important point in preparing for the OGE is to work on students’ understanding of the wording of the question and the ability to answer strictly the question posed. In the process of this work, it is recommended to use various exercises, the essence of which is to analyze the wording of the question and select the correct answer, i.e. corresponding to this formulation. Such exercises are available in the methodological literature.

2) To successfully complete OGE tasks, constant training in solving these tasks is needed. The more students solve OGE tasks from previous years, tests from all kinds teaching aids, tasks invented by the teacher himself, the more experience they will have, and the fewer possible unpleasant surprises they will expect during the exam.

3) Thirdly, much attention should be paid to analyzing the tasks that caused the greatest difficulty. To do this, the teacher, if possible, should analyze all the works written by the students and highlight the most difficult tasks, analyze them in class together with the students, find similar tasks (by topic and type) and practice solving them with the children.

4) Fourthly, it is very important that children learn one simple truth: preparing for the OGE is hard work, the result will be directly proportional to the time spent on active preparation for the exam (i.e. on such preparation when all distractions are practically eliminated factors and all attention is paid only to preparation). This truth seems banal. But, believe your experience, to successfully prepare for the OGE, students must understand very well the complexity and importance of preparing for this exam.

5) Fifthly, 2-3 months before the exam, the intensity of preparation should apparently reach its peak. At this time, children should write a few tests based on the OGE, you need to engage with them by actively repeating the most difficult topics. A month before the exam, such intense work should stop - students should be given time to mentally prepare for the exam.

And finally

6) Sixthly, when solving tests, one should not neglect intuition if there is not enough knowledge. Very often it is the intuitive answer, and not the one based on fuzzy knowledge, that turns out to be correct. Intuition, as a rule, suggests the correct answer as soon as a person reads the task, so it is necessary to change the answer only if the student remembers the material and is absolutely sure that his initial answer was incorrect.

Of course, there are many more subtleties of working with different types of OGE tasks. But these are the basic principles that guide me.