1. The following subjects of the Russian Federation are part of the Russian Federation:

Republic of Adygea (Adygea), Republic of Altai, Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Republic of Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Republic of Karelia, Republic of Komi, Republic of Crimea, Republic of Mari El, Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan), Republic of Tyva, Udmurt republic, Republic of Khakassia, Chechen Republic, Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia;

Altai region, Transbaikal region, Kamchatka Territory, Krasnodar Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Perm region, Primorsky Territory, Stavropol Territory, Khabarovsk Territory;

Amur Region, Arkhangelsk Region, Astrakhan Region, Belgorod Region, Bryansk Region, Vladimir Region, Volgograd Region, Vologda Region, Voronezh region, Ivanovo region, Irkutsk region, Kaliningrad region, Kaluga region, Kemerovo region, Kirov region, Kostroma region, Kurgan region, Kursk region, Leningrad region, Lipetsk region, Magadan region, Moscow region, Murmansk region, Nizhny Novgorod region, Novgorod region, Novosibirsk region, Omsk region, Orenburg region, Oryol region, Penza region, Pskov region, Rostov region, Ryazan Oblast, Samara Region, Saratov region, Sakhalin region, Sverdlovsk region, Smolensk region, Tambov region, Tver region, Tomsk region, Tula region, Tyumen region, Ulyanovsk region, Chelyabinsk region, Yaroslavl region;

Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol - cities of federal significance;

Jewish Autonomous Region;

Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Chukotsky Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

2. Admission to the Russian Federation and the formation of a new subject in its composition are carried out in the manner established by the federal constitutional law.

1. The status of a republic is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the constitution of the republic.

2. The status of a territory, region, city of federal significance, autonomous region, autonomous district is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the charter of the territory, region, city of federal significance, autonomous region, autonomous district, adopted by the legislative (representative) body of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

3. On the proposal of the legislative and executive bodies of the Autonomous Region, Autonomous Okrug, the federal law about the autonomous region, autonomous district.

4. Relations between autonomous okrugs that are part of a krai or oblast may be regulated by federal law and an agreement between the state authorities of the autonomous okrug and, accordingly, the state authorities of the krai or oblast.

5. The status of a subject of the Russian Federation may be changed by mutual agreement between the Russian Federation and the subject of the Russian Federation in accordance with the federal constitutional law.

1. The territory of the Russian Federation includes the territories of its constituent entities, internal waters and the territorial sea, and the airspace above them.

2. The Russian Federation has sovereign rights and exercises jurisdiction on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation in the manner determined by federal law and international law.

3. The boundaries between the subjects of the Russian Federation may be changed with their mutual consent.

1. The state language of the Russian Federation throughout its territory is the Russian language.

2. Republics have the right to establish their own state languages. In public authorities, bodies local government, public institutions republics, they are used along with the state language of the Russian Federation.

3. The Russian Federation guarantees to all its peoples the right to preserve their native language and to create conditions for its study and development.

The Russian Federation guarantees the rights of indigenous peoples in accordance with the generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

1. The state flag, coat of arms and anthem of the Russian Federation, their description and the procedure for official use are established by federal constitutional law.

2. The capital of the Russian Federation is the city of Moscow. The status of the capital is established by federal law.

The jurisdiction of the Russian Federation is:

a) adoption and amendment of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws, control over their observance;

b) the federal structure and territory of the Russian Federation;

c) regulation and protection of human and civil rights and freedoms; citizenship in the Russian Federation; regulation and protection of the rights of national minorities;

d) establishment of a system of federal bodies of legislative, executive and judicial power, the procedure for their organization and activities; formation of federal bodies of state power;

e) federal state property and its management;

f) establishing the foundations of federal policy and federal programs in the field of state, economic, environmental, social, cultural and national development of the Russian Federation;

g) establishment of the legal foundations of the single market; financial, currency, credit, customs regulation, money issue, bases of price policy; federal economic services, including federal banks;

h) the federal budget; federal taxes and fees; federal funds for regional development;

i) federal energy systems, nuclear power, fissile materials; federal transport, ways of communication, information and communication; activities in space;

To) foreign policy And international relationships Russian Federation, international treaties of the Russian Federation; issues of war and peace;

k) foreign economic relations of the Russian Federation;

l) defense and security; defense production; determination of the procedure for the sale and purchase of weapons, ammunition, military equipment and other military property; production of toxic substances, narcotic drugs and the procedure for their use;

m) status determination and protection state border, territorial sea, airspace, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf of the Russian Federation;

o) the judiciary; prosecutor's office; criminal and criminal-executive legislation; amnesty and pardon; civil law; procedural law; legal regulation of intellectual property;

o) federal conflict of laws;

p) meteorological service, standards, references, metric system and calculation of time; geodesy and cartography; names of geographical objects; official statistical and accounting;

c) state awards and honorary titles of the Russian Federation;

r) federal public service.

1. The following are under the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation:

a) ensuring the conformity of the constitutions and laws of the republics, charters, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the territories, regions, cities of federal significance, autonomous regions, autonomous districts with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws;

b) protection of human and civil rights and freedoms; protection of the rights of national minorities; ensuring the rule of law, law and order, public safety; regime of border zones;

c) issues of ownership, use and disposal of land, subsoil, water and other natural resources;

d) delimitation of state property;

e) nature management; environmental protection and ensuring environmental safety; specially protected natural areas; protection of historical and cultural monuments;

f) general issues of upbringing, education, science, culture, physical culture and sports;

g) coordination of health issues; protection of the family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood; social protection, including social security;

h) implementation of measures to combat catastrophes, natural disasters, epidemics, liquidation of their consequences;

i) establishment of general principles of taxation and fees in the Russian Federation;

j) administrative, administrative-procedural, labor, family, housing, land, water, forest legislation, legislation on subsoil, on environmental protection;

k) personnel of judicial and law enforcement agencies; advocacy, notaries;

l) protection of the original habitat and traditional way of life of small ethnic communities;

m) establishment of general principles for organizing the system of state authorities and local self-government;

n) coordination of international and foreign economic relations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, implementation of international treaties of the Russian Federation.

2. The provisions of this article equally apply to republics, territories, regions, cities of federal significance, an autonomous region, autonomous districts.

Article 7H

Outside the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the powers of the Russian Federation on subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the full extent of state power.

1. The establishment of customs borders, duties, fees and any other obstacles to the free movement of goods, services and financial resources is not allowed on the territory of the Russian Federation.

2. Restrictions on the movement of goods and services may be introduced in accordance with federal law, if it is necessary to ensure safety, protect human life and health, protect nature and cultural values.

1. The monetary unit in the Russian Federation is the ruble. Money emission is carried out exclusively by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The introduction and issue of other money in the Russian Federation is not allowed.

2. Protecting and ensuring the stability of the ruble is the main function of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, which it performs independently of other state authorities.

3. The system of taxes levied to the federal budget and the general principles of taxation and fees in the Russian Federation are established by federal law.

4. Government loans are issued in the manner determined by federal law and are placed on a voluntary basis.

1. On subjects of jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws and federal laws are adopted that have direct effect throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation.

2. Federal laws and laws and other normative legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopted in accordance with them shall be issued on subjects of joint jurisdiction between the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

3. Federal laws cannot contradict federal constitutional laws.

4. Outside the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation, republics, territories, regions, cities of federal significance, autonomous regions and autonomous districts exercise their own legal regulation, including the adoption of laws and other regulatory legal acts.

5. Laws and other normative legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may not contradict federal laws adopted in accordance with parts one and two of this article. In the event of a conflict between a federal law and another act issued in the Russian Federation, the federal law shall prevail.

6. In the event of a conflict between a federal law and a regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation issued in accordance with part four of this article, the regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation shall be in force.

1. The system of state authorities of republics, territories, regions, cities of federal significance, an autonomous region, autonomous districts is established by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation independently in accordance with the fundamentals of the constitutional order of the Russian Federation and general principles organizations of representative and executive bodies of state power established by federal law.

2. Within the limits of the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the powers of the Russian Federation on subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the federal executive authorities and the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation form a single system of executive power in the Russian Federation.

1. In order to exercise their powers, federal executive bodies may create their own territorial bodies and appoint appropriate officials.

2. The federal executive authorities, in agreement with the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, may transfer to them the exercise of part of their powers, unless this contradicts the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws.

3. The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, by agreement with the federal executive authorities, may delegate to them the exercise of part of their powers.

4. The President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation shall ensure, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the exercise of the powers of the federal state power throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation.

The Russian Federation may participate in interstate associations and transfer part of its powers to them in accordance with international treaties, if this does not entail restrictions on the rights and freedoms of man and citizen and does not contradict the foundations of the constitutional order of the Russian Federation.

Introduction:

The federal law is aimed at ensuring state guarantees and the implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to education, on the legal regulation of relations in the field of education in order to ensure and protect the interests of the individual, society and the state.

The federal law regulates the legal status educational organizations(state, municipal, private), organizations providing training, individual entrepreneurs and the procedure for their educational activities, establishes the rights and obligations of students and their parents (legal representatives), pedagogical and other employees of educational organizations, as well as measures of their social security.

The federal law defines the principles and mechanisms for exercising the right of citizens to an accessible, free and high-quality education, including the status and significance of federal state educational standards, the procedure for admission to organizations that carry out educational activities, development procedure and implementation features educational programs depending on the level and direction of education.

Levels are set general education(preschool education, primary general education, basic general education, secondary general education) and vocational education(secondary vocational education, higher education - bachelor's degree, higher education - specialist's degree, master's degree, higher education - training of highly qualified personnel). In addition, the issues of obtaining additional education and vocational training.

The federal law establishes the powers of federal state authorities, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments in the field of education, determines the procedure for licensing, state accreditation of educational activities, state control (supervision) in the field of education.

The Federal Law also contains norms concerning the determination of the standards for financing educational activities carried out at the expense of the relevant budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation.

In general, the Federal Law is a single comprehensive regulatory legal act that regulates public relations in the field of education, taking into account the types, levels, forms of education, as well as the needs and interests of students.

From the date of entry into force of the Federal Law, the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" and the Federal Law "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education" are recognized as invalid.

Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation"

Chapter 1. General Provisions

Article 1. Subject of regulation of this Federal Law

1. The subject of regulation of this Federal Law are public relations arising in the field of education in connection with the realization of the right to education, the provision of state guarantees of human rights and freedoms in the field of education and the creation of conditions for the realization of the right to education (hereinafter - relations in the field of education).

2. This Federal Law establishes the legal, organizational and economic foundations of education in the Russian Federation, the basic principles public policy Russian Federation in the field of education, general rules the functioning of the education system and the implementation of educational activities, determines the legal status of participants in relations in the field of education.

Article 2. Basic concepts used in this Federal Law

For the purposes of this Federal Law, the following basic concepts shall apply:

1) education- a single purposeful process of education and training, which is a socially significant good and is carried out in the interests of a person, family, society and the state, as well as a set of acquired knowledge, skills, values, experience and competence of a certain volume and complexity for the purposes of intellectual, spiritual -moral, creative, physical and (or) professional development a person, meeting his educational needs and interests;

2) upbringing- activities aimed at personal development, creating conditions for self-determination and socialization of the student on the basis of socio-cultural, spiritual and moral values ​​and rules and norms of behavior accepted in society in the interests of the individual, family, society and the state;

3) education- a purposeful process of organizing the activities of students to acquire knowledge, skills, abilities and competencies, gain experience in activities, develop abilities, gain experience in applying knowledge in Everyday life and the formation of students' motivation to receive education throughout their lives;

4) the level of education- a completed cycle of education, characterized by a certain unified set of requirements;

5) qualification- the level of knowledge, skills, abilities and competence, characterizing the readiness to perform a certain type professional activity;

6) federal state educational standard- a set of mandatory requirements for education of a certain level and (or) for a profession, specialty and area of ​​training, approved by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;

7) educational standard- a set of mandatory requirements for higher education in specialties and areas of training, approved by educational institutions of higher education, determined by this Federal Law or a decree of the President of the Russian Federation;

8) federal government requirements- mandatory requirements for the minimum content, the structure of additional pre-professional programs, the conditions for their implementation and the terms of study for these programs, approved in accordance with this Federal Law by the authorized federal executive bodies;

9) educational program- a complex of the main characteristics of education (volume, content, planned results), organizational and pedagogical conditions and, in cases provided for by this Federal Law, certification forms, which is presented in the form of a curriculum, calendar curriculum, work programs of educational subjects, courses, disciplines ( modules), other components, as well as evaluation and teaching materials;

10) exemplary basic educational program- educational and methodical documentation (approximate syllabus, approximate calendar academic schedule, approximate work programs of subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), other components), which determines the recommended volume and content of education at a certain level and (or) certain direction, the planned results of the development of the educational program, approximate conditions for educational activities, including approximate calculations of the standard costs of providing public services for the implementation of the educational program;

11) general education- a type of education that is aimed at developing the personality and acquiring, in the process of mastering the basic general educational programs, knowledge, skills, and the formation of competencies necessary for a person's life in society, a conscious choice of profession and obtaining professional education;

12) professional education- a type of education that is aimed at acquiring by students in the process of mastering the basic professional educational programs knowledge, skills, and the formation of competence of a certain level and volume, allowing them to conduct professional activities in a certain area and (or) perform work in a specific profession or specialty;

13) professional education- the type of education, which is aimed at acquiring by students the knowledge, skills and competencies necessary to perform certain labor, service functions (certain types of labor, service activities, professions);

14)additional education- a type of education that is aimed at the comprehensive satisfaction of the educational needs of a person in intellectual, spiritual, moral, physical and (or) professional improvement and is not accompanied by an increase in the level of education;

15) student- an individual studying an educational program;

16) student with handicapped health- an individual with disabilities in physical and (or) psychological development, confirmed by the psychological-medical-pedagogical commission and preventing education without creating special conditions;

17) educational activities- activities for the implementation of educational programs;

18)educational organization- a non-profit organization that carries out educational activities on the basis of a license as the main type of activity in accordance with the goals for the achievement of which such an organization was created;

19) organization providing training- a legal entity carrying out, on the basis of a license, along with the main activity, educational activities as an additional type of activity;

20) organizations carrying out educational activities,- educational organizations, as well as organizations providing training. For the purposes of this Federal Law, individual entrepreneurs engaged in educational activities are equated with organizations engaged in educational activities, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law;

21) pedagogical worker- an individual who is in labor, service relations with an organization engaged in educational activities, and performs the duties of training, educating students and (or) organizing educational activities;

22) syllabus- a document that defines the list, labor intensity, sequence and distribution by periods of study of subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), practice, other types learning activities and, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law, forms of intermediate certification of students;

23) individual study plan- a curriculum that ensures the development of an educational program based on the individualization of its content, taking into account the characteristics and educational needs of a particular student;

24) practice- type of educational activity aimed at the formation, consolidation, development of practical skills and competence in the process of performing certain types of work related to future professional activities;

25) orientation (profile) of education- orientation of the educational program to specific areas of knowledge and (or) types of activities, which determines its subject and thematic content, the prevailing types of educational activities of the student and the requirements for the results of mastering the educational program;

26) means of education and upbringing- devices, equipment, including sports equipment and inventory, instruments (including musical ones), educational and visual aids, computers, information and telecommunication networks, hardware, software and audiovisual means, printed and electronic educational and information resources and other material objects, necessary for the organization of educational activities;

27) inclusive education- ensuring equal access to education for all students, taking into account the diversity of special educational needs and individual opportunities;

28) adapted educational program- an educational program adapted for training people with disabilities, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development, individual capabilities and, if necessary, providing correction of developmental disorders and social adaptation specified persons;

29) the quality of education- a comprehensive description of the educational activities and training of the student, expressing the degree of their compliance with federal state educational standards, educational standards, federal state requirements and (or) the needs of an individual or legal entity in whose interests educational activities are carried out, including the degree of achievement of the planned results of the educational program ;

30) relations in the field of education- a set of public relations for the realization of the right of citizens to education, the purpose of which is the development by students of the content of educational programs (educational relations), and public relations that are associated with educational relations and the purpose of which is to create conditions for the realization of the rights of citizens to education;

31) participants in educational relations- students, parents (legal representatives) of underage students, teachers and their representatives, organizations engaged in educational activities;

32) participants in relations in the field of education- participants in educational relations and federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, employers and their associations;

33) conflict of interest of a teacher- a situation in which a teacher in the exercise of his professional activities has a personal interest in obtaining material benefits or other advantages and which affects or may affect the proper performance of professional duties by a teacher due to a contradiction between his personal interest and the interests of the student, parents (legal representatives ) minor students;

34) babysitting and childcare- a set of measures for catering and household services for children, ensuring their compliance with personal hygiene and daily routine.

Article 3. Basic principles of state policy and legal regulation of relations in the field of education

1. State policy and legal regulation of relations in the field of education are based on the following principles:

1) recognition of the priority of education;

2) ensuring the right of every person to education, inadmissibility of discrimination in the field of education;

3) the humanistic nature of education, the priority of human life and health, the rights and freedoms of the individual, the free development of the individual, the education of mutual respect, diligence, citizenship, patriotism, responsibility, legal culture, respect for nature and environment, environmental management;

4) the unity of the educational space on the territory of the Russian Federation, the protection and development of ethno-cultural characteristics and traditions of the peoples of the Russian Federation in a multinational state;

5) creation of favorable conditions for the integration of the education system of the Russian Federation with the education systems of other states on an equal and mutually beneficial basis;

6) the secular nature of education in state, municipal organizations engaged in educational activities;

7) the freedom to choose education according to the inclinations and needs of a person, the creation of conditions for the self-realization of each person, the free development of his abilities, including the provision of the right to choose forms of education, forms of education, an organization that carries out educational activities, the direction of education within the limits provided by the education system, as well as providing teaching staff with freedom in choosing forms of education, methods of education and upbringing;

8) ensuring the right to education throughout life in accordance with the needs of the individual, the adaptability of the education system to the level of training, developmental characteristics, abilities and interests of a person;

9) autonomy of educational organizations, academic rights and freedoms of teachers and students, provided for by this Federal Law, information openness and public reporting of educational organizations;

10) the democratic nature of education management, ensuring the rights of teachers, students, parents (legal representatives) of minor students to participate in the management of educational organizations;

11) the inadmissibility of restricting or eliminating competition in the field of education;

12) a combination of state and contractual regulation of relations in the field of education.

2. The Government of the Russian Federation annually, within the framework of ensuring the implementation of a unified state policy in the field of education, submits to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation a report on the implementation of state policy in the field of education and publishes it on the official website of the Government of the Russian Federation in the information and telecommunication network "Internet" (hereinafter - the network "Internet").

Article 4. Legal regulation of relations in the field of education

1. Relations in the field of education are regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, as well as other federal laws, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, containing the rules governing relations in the field of education (hereinafter referred to as the legislation on education).

2. The objectives of the legal regulation of relations in the field of education are the establishment of state guarantees, mechanisms for the implementation of human rights and freedoms in the field of education, the creation of conditions for the development of the education system, the protection of the rights and interests of participants in relations in the field of education.

3. The main tasks of legal regulation of relations in the field of education are:

1) ensuring and protecting the constitutional right of citizens of the Russian Federation to education;

2) creation of legal, economic and financial conditions for the free functioning and development of the education system of the Russian Federation;

3) creation of legal guarantees for harmonizing the interests of participants in relations in the field of education;

4) determination of the legal status of participants in relations in the field of education;

5) creation of conditions for obtaining education in the Russian Federation by foreign citizens and stateless persons;

6) delimitation of powers in the field of education between federal state authorities, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments.

4. The rules governing relations in the field of education and contained in other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, legal acts of local governments must comply with this Federal Law and cannot restrict the rights or reduce the level of provision of guarantees in comparison with the guarantees established by this Federal Law.

5. In case of inconsistency between the norms governing relations in the field of education and contained in other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, legal acts of local governments, the norms of this Federal Law, the norms of this Federal Law shall apply. law, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

6. If an international treaty of the Russian Federation establishes rules other than those provided for by this Federal Law, the rules of the international treaty shall apply.

7. The effect of the legislation on education applies to all organizations engaged in educational activities on the territory of the Russian Federation.

8. The legislation on education in relation to the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University, as well as organizations located on the territory of the Skolkovo Innovation Center and carrying out educational activities, is applied taking into account the specifics established by special federal laws.

9. For citizens undergoing federal public service in the positions of pedagogical and scientific-pedagogical workers, as well as citizens who are in the federal public service and who are students, the effect of the legislation on education extends with the features provided for by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on public service.

Article 5. The right to education. State guarantees for the realization of the right to education in the Russian Federation

1. The Russian Federation guarantees the right of every person to education.

2. The right to education in the Russian Federation is guaranteed regardless of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, property, social and official status, place of residence, attitude to religion, beliefs, membership in public associations, as well as other circumstances.

3. The Russian Federation guarantees the general availability and free of charge, in accordance with federal state educational standards, of preschool, primary general, basic general and secondary general education, secondary vocational education, as well as free higher education on a competitive basis, if a citizen receives education at this level for the first time.

4. In the Russian Federation, the realization of the right of every person to education is ensured by the creation by federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments of appropriate socio-economic conditions for its receipt, expansion of opportunities to meet the needs of a person in obtaining education of various levels and directions in throughout life.

5. In order to realize the right of every person to education by federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments:

1) the necessary conditions are created for obtaining without discrimination quality education persons with disabilities, for the correction of developmental disorders and social adaptation, the provision of early correctional assistance based on special pedagogical approaches and the languages, methods and methods of communication most suitable for these persons and conditions that are most conducive to obtaining education of a certain level and a certain orientation, and social development these persons, including through the organization of inclusive education for persons with disabilities;

2) assistance is provided to persons who have shown outstanding abilities and who, in accordance with this Federal Law, include students who have shown high level intellectual development and creativity in a certain area of ​​educational and research activities, in scientific, technical and artistic creativity, in physical culture and sports;

3) full or partial financial support for the maintenance of persons in need of social support in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation is carried out during the period of their education.

Article 6

1. The powers of federal government bodies in the field of education include:

1) development and implementation of a unified state policy in the field of education;

2) organization of the provision of higher education, including the provision of state guarantees for the exercise of the right to receive free higher education on a competitive basis;

3) organizing the provision of additional professional education in federal state educational organizations;

4) development, approval and implementation government programs Russian Federation, federal targeted programs, implementation of international programs in the field of education;

5) creation, reorganization, liquidation of federal state educational organizations, implementation of the functions and powers of the founder of federal state educational organizations;

6) approval of federal state educational standards, establishment of federal state requirements;

7) licensing of educational activities:

a) organizations carrying out educational activities on educational programs of higher education;

b) federal state vocational educational organizations that implement educational programs of secondary vocational education in the areas of defense, production of products for defense orders, internal affairs, security, nuclear energy, transport and communications, high-tech production in specialties, the list of which is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation;

c) Russian educational organizations located outside the territory of the Russian Federation, educational organizations established in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation, as well as educational activities of diplomatic missions and consular institutions of the Russian Federation, representative offices of the Russian Federation at international (interstate, intergovernmental) organizations;

d) foreign educational organizations carrying out educational activities at the location of the branch on the territory of the Russian Federation;

8) state accreditation of the educational activities of organizations engaged in educational activities and specified in paragraph 7 of this part, as well as foreign educational organizations engaged in educational activities outside the territory of the Russian Federation;

9) state control (supervision) in the field of education over the activities of organizations specified in paragraph 7 of this part, as well as executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, carrying out public administration in the field of education;

10) formation and maintenance of federal information systems, federal databases in the field of education, including ensuring the confidentiality of personal data contained in them in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;

11) establishment and assignment of state awards, honorary titles, departmental awards and titles to employees of the education system;

12) development of personnel training forecasts, requirements for personnel training based on the forecast of labor market needs;

13) ensuring the implementation of monitoring in the education system at the federal level;

14) exercising other powers in the field of education established in accordance with this Federal Law.

2. Federal state bodies have the right to ensure the organization of the provision of public and free general and secondary vocational education in federal state educational organizations.

Article 7

1. The powers of the Russian Federation in the field of education transferred for implementation to the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the transferred powers) include the following powers:

1) state control (supervision) in the field of education over the activities of organizations engaged in educational activities on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (with the exception of organizations specified in clause 7 of part 1 of Article 6 of this Federal Law), as well as local governments exercising management in the field education in the respective territory;

2) licensing of educational activities of organizations engaged in educational activities on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (with the exception of organizations specified in Clause 7 of Part 1 of Article 6 of this Federal Law);

3) state accreditation of the educational activities of organizations engaged in educational activities on the territory of a subject of the Russian Federation (with the exception of organizations specified in clause 7 of part 1 of article 6 of this Federal Law);

4) confirmation of documents on education and (or) qualifications.

2. Financial support for the exercise of delegated powers, with the exception of the powers specified in Part 10 of this article, is carried out at the expense of subventions from the federal budget, as well as within the limits of budgetary appropriations provided for in the budget of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation for these purposes, not less than in the amount of planned revenues to the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation from the payment of the state fee related to the exercise of delegated powers and credited to the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in accordance with the Budget Code of the Russian Federation.

3. The total amount of subventions from the federal budget to the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the exercise of transferred powers is determined on the basis of a methodology approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, based on:

1) the number of municipal districts and urban districts on the territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, intra-city municipalities of the federal cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg;

2) the number of organizations engaged in educational activities and their branches, in respect of which the powers of state control (supervision) in the field of education, licensing of educational activities and state accreditation of educational activities have been transferred to state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

4. Funds for the implementation of delegated powers are targeted and cannot be used for other purposes.

5. In the event that the funds provided for the exercise of delegated powers are used for other than their intended purpose, the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the financial and budgetary sphere shall collect the said funds in the manner established by the budgetary legislation of the Russian Federation.

6. The federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education:

1) adopt regulatory legal acts on the implementation of delegated powers, including administrative regulations for the provision of public services and the performance of state functions in the field of delegated powers, and also have the right to establish target forecast indicators for the exercise of delegated powers;

2) coordinates the appointment to the position of the heads of the executive authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation exercising the delegated powers;

3) on the proposal of the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of education, makes proposals to the Government of the Russian Federation on the withdrawal of the powers of the Russian Federation in the field of education, transferred for implementation to the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, from the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation Federations;

4) based on the results of the annual report on the implementation by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the delegated powers, prepares proposals for improving the legislation on education.

7. The federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of education:

1) exercises control over the legal regulation carried out by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on issues of delegated powers, with the right to send binding orders to cancel regulatory legal acts or to amend them;

2) exercises control and supervision over the completeness and quality of the exercise by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of delegated powers with the right to conduct inspections of the relevant state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the organizations specified in clause 1 of part 1 of this article, engaged in educational activities, and has the right issuance of binding orders to eliminate the identified violations, sending proposals for the removal from office of officials of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising transferred powers, for non-execution or improper performance of these powers;

3) coordinates the structure of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising the delegated powers;

5) establishes requirements for the content and forms of reporting, as well as the procedure for reporting on the exercise of delegated powers;

6) analyzes the reasons for the identified violations in the exercise of delegated powers, takes measures to eliminate the identified violations;

7) submit to the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, an annual report on the exercise by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of the delegated powers.

8. The highest official of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation (head of the highest executive body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation):

1) appoints to the position the heads of the executive authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation exercising delegated powers, in agreement with the federal executive authority exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;

2) approves, in agreement with the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of education, the structure of the executive authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation exercising the delegated powers;

3) organize activities for the implementation of delegated powers in accordance with the legislation on education;

4) ensures the provision to the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of education:

a) a quarterly report on the spending of the provided subventions, on the achievement of target forecast indicators;

b) the required number of copies of normative legal acts adopted by state authorities of a subject of the Russian Federation on issues of transferred powers;

c) information (including databases) necessary for the formation and maintenance of federal databases on issues of control and supervision in the field of education;

5) has the right, prior to the adoption of the regulatory legal acts specified in clause 1 of part 6 of this article, to approve administrative regulations for the provision of public services and the performance of public functions in the area of ​​delegated powers, if these regulations do not contradict the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation (including do not contain not covered by such regulations. Additional requirements and restrictions in terms of the exercise of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the rights and legitimate interests of organizations) and are developed taking into account the requirements for the regulations for the provision of public services by federal executive authorities and the performance of public functions.

9. Control over the spending of funds for the implementation of transferred powers is carried out within the established competence by the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the financial and budgetary sphere, the federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of education, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.

10. Financial support for the implementation of the delegated powers to confirm documents on education and (or) qualifications is carried out within the budgetary allocations provided for in the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation for these purposes, not less than in the amount of planned revenues to the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation from the payment of state duty, associated with the exercise of delegated powers and credited to the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation in accordance with the Budget Code of the Russian Federation.

Article 8

1. The powers of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of education include:

1) development and implementation of regional programs for the development of education, taking into account regional socio-economic, environmental, demographic, ethno-cultural and other characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

2) creation, reorganization, liquidation of educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, implementation of the functions and powers of the founders of educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

3) ensuring state guarantees for the realization of the rights to receive publicly available and free preschool education in municipal preschool educational organizations, public and free preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education in municipal general educational organizations, providing additional education for children in municipal general educational organizations through the provision of subventions to local budgets, including labor costs, the purchase of textbooks and teaching aids, teaching aids, games, toys (with the exception of the costs of maintaining buildings and paying for utilities), in accordance with the standards determined by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

4) organizing the provision of general education in state educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

5) creation of conditions for the supervision and care of children, the maintenance of children in state educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

6) financial support for the receipt of preschool education in private preschool educational organizations, preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education in private general educational organizations that carry out educational activities on state-accredited basic general education programs, by providing these educational organizations with subsidies for reimbursement of costs, including labor costs, the purchase of textbooks and teaching aids, teaching aids, games, toys (excluding the costs of maintaining buildings and paying utility bills), in accordance with the standards specified in paragraph 3 of this part;

7) organizing the provision of secondary vocational education, including the provision of state guarantees for the realization of the right to receive public and free secondary vocational education;

8) organizing the provision of additional education for children in state educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

9) organizing the provision of additional professional education in state educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

10) organizing the provision of municipal educational organizations and educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with textbooks in accordance with the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education by organizations engaged in educational activities, and teaching aids, approved for use in the implementation of these educational programs;

11) ensuring the implementation of monitoring in the education system at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

12) organization of the provision of psychological, pedagogical, medical and social assistance to students experiencing difficulties in mastering basic general educational programs, their development and social adaptation;

13) exercising other powers established by this Federal Law in the field of education.

2. State authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the right to additional financial support for catering activities for students in municipal educational institutions and students in private general education institutions for state-accredited basic general education programs, as well as the provision of state support for additional education of children in municipal educational institutions.

3. State authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation shall have the right to organize the provision of higher education on a competitive basis in educational institutions of higher education of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Article 9

1. The powers of local self-government bodies of municipal districts and urban districts to address issues of local importance in the field of education include:

1) organizing the provision of public and free preschool, primary general, basic general, secondary general education in basic general education programs in municipal educational organizations (with the exception of the powers to financially support the implementation of basic general education programs in accordance with federal state educational standards);

2) organizing the provision of additional education for children in municipal educational organizations (with the exception of additional education for children, the financial support of which is carried out by state authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation);

3) creation of conditions for the implementation of supervision and care for children, the maintenance of children in municipal educational organizations;

4) creation, reorganization, liquidation of municipal educational organizations (with the exception of the creation by local governments of municipal districts of municipal educational organizations of higher education), the implementation of the functions and powers of the founders of municipal educational organizations;

5) ensuring the maintenance of buildings and structures of municipal educational organizations, the arrangement of territories adjacent to them;

6) registration of children subject to education in educational programs of preschool, primary general, basic general and secondary general education, assignment of municipal educational organizations to specific territories of a municipal district, urban district;

7) exercising other powers in the field of education established by this Federal Law.

2. In the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - cities of federal significance Moscow and St. Petersburg, the powers of local governments of intracity municipalities in the field of education, including the assignment of educational organizations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to specific territories, are established by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - cities of federal significance Moscow and St. Petersburg.

3. Bodies of local self-government of municipal districts have the right to exercise the functions of founders of municipal educational organizations of higher education that are under their jurisdiction as of December 31, 2008.

4. Local self-government bodies of urban districts have the right to organize the provision of higher education on a competitive basis in municipal educational institutions of higher education.

Chapter 2. Education system

Article 10. Structure of the education system

1. The education system includes:

1) federal state educational standards and federal state requirements, educational standards, educational programs different kind, level and (or) direction;

2) organizations engaged in educational activities, teachers, students and parents (legal representatives) of underage students;

3) federal state bodies and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising state management in the field of education, and local government bodies exercising management in the field of education, advisory, advisory and other bodies created by them;

4) organizations providing educational activities, assessing the quality of education;

5) associations of legal entities, employers and their associations, public associations operating in the field of education.

2. Education is divided into general education, vocational education, additional education and vocational training, which ensure the possibility of exercising the right to education throughout life (lifelong education).

3. General education and vocational education are implemented according to the levels of education.

4. The following levels of general education are established in the Russian Federation:

1) preschool education;

2) primary general education;

3) basic general education;

4) secondary general education.

5. The following levels of vocational education are established in the Russian Federation:

1) secondary vocational education;

2) higher education - bachelor's degree;

3) higher education - specialty, magistracy;

4) higher education - training of highly qualified personnel.

6. Additional education includes such subtypes as additional education for children and adults and additional vocational education.

7. The education system creates conditions for continuing education through the implementation of basic educational programs and various additional educational programs, providing the opportunity to simultaneously master several educational programs, as well as taking into account existing education, qualifications, practical experience in obtaining education.

Article 11. Federal state educational standards and federal state requirements. Educational standards

1. Federal state educational standards and federal state requirements provide:

1) the unity of the educational space of the Russian Federation;

2) continuity of the main educational programs;

3) the variability of the content of educational programs of the corresponding level of education, the possibility of forming educational programs of various levels of complexity and focus, taking into account the educational needs and abilities of students;

4) state guarantees of the level and quality of education based on the unity of mandatory requirements for the conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs and the results of their development.

2. Federal state educational standards, with the exception of the federal state educational standard for preschool education, educational standards are the basis for an objective assessment of compliance with the established requirements of educational activities and training of students who have mastered educational programs of the appropriate level and relevant focus, regardless of the form of education and the form of education.

3. Federal state educational standards include requirements for:

1) the structure of the main educational programs (including the ratio of the mandatory part of the main educational program and the part formed by the participants in educational relations) and their volume;

2) conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs, including personnel, financial, logistical and other conditions;

3) the results of mastering the main educational programs.

4. Federal state educational standards establish terms for obtaining general education and vocational education, taking into account various forms of education, educational technologies and features of certain categories of students.

5. Federal state educational standards of general education are developed according to the levels of education, federal state educational standards of vocational education can also be developed according to professions, specialties and areas of training at the corresponding levels of vocational education.

6. In order to ensure the realization of the right to education of students with disabilities, federal state educational standards for the education of these persons are established or special requirements are included in federal state educational standards.

7. When forming federal state educational standards for vocational education, the provisions of the relevant professional standards are taken into account.

8. Lists of professions, specialties and areas of training, indicating the qualifications assigned to the relevant professions, specialties and areas of training, the procedure for the formation of these lists are approved by the federal executive body that exercises the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education. When approving new lists of professions, specialties and areas of training, the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education may establish the correspondence of the individual professions, specialties and areas of training indicated in these lists to professions, specialties and areas of training indicated in the previous lists of professions, specialties and areas of training.

9. The procedure for developing, approving federal state educational standards and making changes to them is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

10. Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University, educational organizations of higher education, in respect of which the category " federal university" or "national research university", as well as federal state educational organizations of higher education, the list of which is approved by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, have the right to develop and approve independently educational standards for all levels of higher education. The requirements for the conditions for the implementation and results of the development of educational programs of higher education included in such educational standards, cannot be lower than the relevant requirements of federal state educational standards.

Article 12. Educational programs

1. Educational programs determine the content of education. The content of education should promote mutual understanding and cooperation between people, nations, regardless of racial, national, ethnic, religious and social affiliation, take into account the diversity of worldview approaches, promote the realization of the right of students to freely choose opinions and beliefs, ensure the development of the abilities of each person, the formation and development of his personality in accordance with the spiritual, moral and socio-cultural values ​​accepted in the family and society. The content of vocational education and vocational training should ensure the acquisition of qualifications.

2. In the Russian Federation, in terms of the levels of general and vocational education, in terms of vocational training, the main educational programs are being implemented, according to additional education- additional educational programs.

3. The main educational programs include:

1) basic general education programs - educational programs of preschool education, educational programs of primary general education, educational programs of basic general education, educational programs of secondary general education;

2) basic professional educational programs:

a) educational programs of secondary vocational education - training programs for skilled workers, employees, training programs for mid-level specialists;

b) educational programs of higher education - bachelor's degree programs, specialist's degree programs, master's programs, programs for the preparation of scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjuncture), residency programs, assistantship-internship programs;

3) basic vocational training programs - programs vocational training on professions of workers, positions of employees, retraining programs for workers, employees, advanced training programs for workers, employees.

4. Additional educational programs include:

1) additional general education programs - additional general developmental programs, additional pre-professional programs;

2) additional professional programs - advanced training programs, professional retraining programs.

5. Educational programs are independently developed and approved by the organization carrying out educational activities, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

6. Educational programs for preschool education are developed and approved by the organization carrying out educational activities in accordance with the federal state educational standard for preschool education and taking into account the relevant exemplary educational programs for preschool education.

7. Organizations carrying out educational activities in accordance with state-accredited educational programs (with the exception of educational programs of higher education implemented on the basis of educational standards approved by educational institutions of higher education independently), develop educational programs in accordance with federal state educational standards and taking into account the relevant exemplary main educational programs.

8. Educational organizations of higher education, which, in accordance with this Federal Law, have the right to independently develop and approve educational standards, develop appropriate educational programs of higher education based on such educational standards.

9. Exemplary basic educational programs are developed taking into account their level and focus on the basis of federal state educational standards, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

10. Exemplary basic educational programs are included, based on the results of the examination, in the register of exemplary basic educational programs, which is the state information system. The information contained in the register of exemplary basic educational programs is publicly available.

11. The procedure for developing exemplary basic educational programs, conducting their examination and maintaining a register of exemplary basic educational programs, features of the development, examination and inclusion in such a register of exemplary basic professional educational programs containing information constituting a state secret, and exemplary basic professional educational programs in areas information security, as well as organizations that are granted the right to maintain a register of exemplary basic educational programs, are established by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

12. Authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are involved in the examination of exemplary basic general educational programs, taking into account their level and focus (in terms of taking into account regional, national and ethno-cultural characteristics).

13. The development of exemplary programs for the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate studies is provided by the federal executive authorities, in which the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for military or other service equivalent to it, service in the internal affairs bodies, service in the bodies for controlling the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances , exemplary postgraduate internship programs - the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of culture, exemplary residency programs - the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of healthcare .

14. In the cases established by this Federal Law, authorized federal state bodies develop and approve exemplary additional professional programs or standard additional professional programs, in accordance with which organizations engaged in educational activities develop appropriate additional professional programs.

15. Authorized federal state bodies, in cases established by this Federal Law and other federal laws, develop and approve sample programs vocational training or model vocational training programs, in accordance with which educational organizations develop appropriate vocational training programs.

Article 13 General requirements to the implementation of educational programs

1. Educational programs are implemented by an organization carrying out educational activities, both independently and through network forms of their implementation.

2. When implementing educational programs, various educational technologies are used, including distance learning technologies, e-learning.

3. When implementing educational programs by an organization carrying out educational activities, a form of organizing educational activities can be applied, based on the modular principle of presenting the content of the educational program and building curricula, using appropriate educational technologies.

4. To determine the structure of professional educational programs and the complexity of their development, a system of credits can be used. The credit unit is a unified unit of measurement of labor intensity study load student, which includes all types of his educational activities provided for by the curriculum (including classroom and independent work), practice.

5. The number of credits for the main professional educational program for a specific profession, specialty or area of ​​training is established by the relevant federal state educational standard, educational standard. The number of credits for an additional professional program is established by the organization carrying out educational activities.

6. The main professional educational programs provide for the practice of students.

7. The organization of the practice provided for by the educational program is carried out by organizations carrying out educational activities on the basis of agreements with organizations carrying out activities under the educational program of the corresponding profile. The practice can be carried out directly in the organization carrying out educational activities.

8. Regulations on the practice of students mastering basic professional educational programs, and its types are approved by the federal executive body, which performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

9. The use in the implementation of educational programs of methods and means of training and education, educational technologies that are harmful to the physical or mental health of students is prohibited.

10. Federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising state administration in the field of education, local governments exercising management in the field of education, are not entitled to change the curriculum and calendar curriculum of organizations engaged in educational activities.

11. The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities for the relevant educational programs of various levels and (or) directions or for the corresponding type of education is established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, unless otherwise established by this Federal law.

Article 14. Language of education

1. In the Russian Federation, education is guaranteed in the state language of the Russian Federation, as well as the choice of the language of instruction and education within the limits of the possibilities provided by the education system.

2. In educational organizations, educational activities are carried out in the state language of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise provided by this article. Teaching and learning the state language of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited educational programs are carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards.

3. In state and municipal educational organizations located on the territory of the Republic of the Russian Federation, teaching and learning may be introduced state languages republics of the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the republics of the Russian Federation. Teaching and learning of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited educational programs are carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards. Teaching and learning the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation should not be carried out to the detriment of teaching and learning the state language of the Russian Federation.

4. Citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to receive preschool, primary general and basic general education for mother tongue from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, as well as the right to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, within the limits of the opportunities provided by the education system, in the manner established by the legislation on education. The implementation of these rights is ensured by the creation of the necessary number of relevant educational organizations, classes, groups, as well as the conditions for their functioning. Teaching and learning of the native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited educational programs is carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards.

5. Education can be obtained at foreign language in accordance with the educational program and in the manner prescribed by the legislation on education and local regulations of the organization carrying out educational activities.

6. The language, languages ​​of education are determined by the local regulations of the organization carrying out educational activities on the educational programs it implements, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 15. Network form of implementation of educational programs

1. The network form for the implementation of educational programs (hereinafter - the network form) provides the opportunity for students to master the educational program using the resources of several organizations engaged in educational activities, including foreign ones, and also, if necessary, using the resources of other organizations. In the implementation of educational programs using the network form, along with organizations engaged in educational activities, scientific organizations, medical organizations, cultural organizations, sports and other organizations that have the resources necessary for training, conducting educational and industrial practice and implementing other types of educational activities provided for by the relevant educational program.

2. The use of the network form for the implementation of educational programs is carried out on the basis of an agreement between the organizations specified in part 1 of this article. To organize the implementation of educational programs using the network form by several organizations engaged in educational activities, such organizations also jointly develop and approve educational programs.

3. The agreement on the network form of implementation of educational programs shall indicate:

1) type, level and (or) focus of the educational program (part of the educational program of a certain level, type and focus), implemented using the network form;

2) the status of students in the organizations specified in part 1 of this article, the rules for admission to study in an educational program implemented using a network form, the procedure for organizing academic mobility of students (for students in basic professional educational programs) mastering an educational program implemented using network form;

3) the conditions and procedure for the implementation of educational activities under the educational program implemented through the network form, including the distribution of responsibilities between the organizations specified in part 1 of this article, the procedure for implementing the educational program, the nature and amount of resources used by each organization implementing educational programs through network form;

4) issued document or documents on education and (or) qualification, document or documents on education, as well as organizations engaged in educational activities, which issue these documents;

5) the term of the contract, the procedure for its amendment and termination.

Article 16. Implementation of educational programs using e-learning and distance learning technologies

1. E-learning is understood as the organization of educational activities using the information contained in databases and used in the implementation of educational programs and providing its processing information technologies, technical means, as well as information and telecommunication networks that ensure the transmission of the specified information over communication lines, the interaction of students and teachers. Distance educational technologies are understood as educational technologies implemented mainly with the use of information and telecommunication networks with indirect (at a distance) interaction between students and teachers.

2. Organizations engaged in educational activities have the right to use e-learning, distance learning technologies in the implementation of educational programs in the manner established by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

3. When implementing educational programs using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies in an organization engaged in educational activities, conditions must be created for the functioning of an electronic information and educational environment, including electronic information resources, electronic educational resources, a set of information technologies, telecommunication technologies, appropriate technological means and ensuring the development of educational programs by students in full, regardless of the location of the students. The list of professions, specialties and areas of training, the implementation of educational programs for which is not allowed using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies, is approved by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

4. When implementing educational programs using e-learning, distance learning technologies, the place of educational activity is the location of the organization carrying out educational activities, or its branch, regardless of the location of the students.

5. When implementing educational programs using e-learning, distance learning technologies, an organization carrying out educational activities ensures the protection of information constituting a state or other secret protected by law.

Article 17. Forms of education and forms of education

1. In the Russian Federation, education can be obtained:

1) in organizations carrying out educational activities;

2) outside organizations engaged in educational activities (in the form of family education and self-education).

2. Education in organizations engaged in educational activities, taking into account the needs, capabilities of the individual and depending on the volume of compulsory classes of a teacher with students, is carried out in full-time, part-time or part-time form.

3. Education in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right to subsequently pass, in accordance with Part 3 of Article 34 of this Federal Law, intermediate and state final certification in organizations engaged in educational activities.

4. A combination of various forms of education and forms of education is allowed.

5. Forms of education and forms of education for the main educational program for each level of education, profession, specialty and area of ​​training are determined by the relevant federal state educational standards, educational standards, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law. Forms of training for additional educational programs and basic professional training programs are determined by the organization carrying out educational activities independently, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 18. Printed and electronic educational and information resources

1. In organizations engaged in educational activities, in order to ensure the implementation of educational programs, libraries are formed, including digital (electronic) libraries that provide access to professional databases, information reference and search engines and other information resources. Library fund must be completed with printed and (or) electronic educational publications (including textbooks and teaching aids), methodological and periodic publications on all included in the main educational programs being implemented academic subjects, courses, disciplines (modules).

2. The norms for the provision of educational activities with educational publications per student in the main educational program are established by the relevant federal state educational standards.

3. Educational publications used in the implementation of educational programs of preschool education are determined by the organization carrying out educational activities, taking into account the requirements of federal state educational standards, as well as exemplary educational programs of preschool education and exemplary educational programs of primary general education.

4. Organizations carrying out educational activities according to educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education that have state accreditation, for use in the implementation of these educational programs choose:

1) textbooks from among those included in the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education;

2) textbooks issued by organizations included in the list of organizations producing textbooks that are allowed to be used in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education.

5. The federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education by organizations engaged in educational activities includes lists of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of the mandatory part of the main educational program and the part, formed by the participants in educational relations, including textbooks that take into account the regional and ethno-cultural characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the realization of the rights of citizens to receive education in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the study of their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and literature of the peoples of Russia in native language.

6. Textbooks are included in the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education with state accreditation, based on the results of an examination. In carrying out this examination of textbooks in order to ensure that the regional and ethnocultural characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are taken into account, the rights of citizens to receive education in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and literature of the peoples of Russia in their native language participate authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

7. The procedure for the formation of the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, including the criteria and procedure for conducting an examination, the form of an expert opinion, as well as the grounds and procedure for excluding textbooks from the specified federal list are approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

8. The procedure for selecting organizations that produce textbooks that are allowed to be used in the implementation of educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education that have state accreditation, the list of such organizations is approved by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and regulatory legal regulation in the field of education. Authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation participate in the selection of organizations that produce textbooks in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the literature of the peoples of Russia in their native language.

9. When implementing professional educational programs, educational publications, including electronic ones, determined by the organization carrying out educational activities.

Article 19. Scientific, methodological and resource support of the education system

1. In the education system, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, scientific research organizations and design organizations, design bureaus, educational and experimental farms, experimental stations, as well as organizations that carry out scientific and methodological, methodological, resource and information technology support of educational activities and management of the education system, assessment of the quality of education.

2. For the purpose of participation of pedagogical, scientific workers, representatives of employers in the development of federal state educational standards, exemplary educational programs, coordination of activities of organizations engaged in educational activities, in ensuring the quality and development of the content of education in the education system, educational and methodological associations may be created.

3. Educational and methodological associations in the education system are created by federal executive authorities and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising state administration in the field of education, and carry out their activities in accordance with the provisions approved by these bodies. Model provisions on educational and methodological associations in the education system are approved by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

4. The composition of educational and methodological associations on a voluntary basis includes teachers, scientists and other employees of organizations engaged in educational activities, and other organizations operating in the education system, including representatives of employers.

Article 20. Experimental and innovative activities in the field of education

1. Experimental and innovative activities in the field of education are carried out in order to ensure the modernization and development of the education system, taking into account the main directions of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, the implementation priority areas state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of education.

2. Experimental activities are aimed at the development, testing and implementation of new educational technologies, educational resources and are carried out in the form of experiments, the procedure and conditions for which are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. Innovative activity is focused on improving the scientific and pedagogical, educational and methodological, organizational, legal, financial and economic, personnel, logistical support of the education system and is carried out in the form of the implementation of innovative projects and programs by organizations engaged in educational activities, and others acting in organizations in the field of education, as well as their associations. When implementing an innovative project, the program must ensure the observance of the rights and legitimate interests of participants in educational relations, the provision and receipt of education, the level and quality of which cannot be lower than the requirements established by the federal state educational standard, federal state requirements, educational standard.

4. In order to create conditions for the implementation of innovative projects and programs that are essential for ensuring the development of the education system, the organizations specified in Part 3 of this article and implementing these innovative projects and programs are recognized as federal or regional innovation platforms and constitute the innovation infrastructure in the system education. The procedure for the formation and functioning of the innovation infrastructure in the education system (including the procedure for recognizing an organization as a federal innovation platform), the list of federal innovation platforms are established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education. The procedure for recognizing the organizations specified in Part 3 of this article as regional innovation platforms is established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

5. Federal state bodies and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising public administration in the field of education, within their powers, create conditions for the implementation of innovative educational projects programs and implementation of their results in practice.

Chapter 3. Persons carrying out educational activities

Article 21. Educational activities

1. Educational activities are carried out by educational organizations and, in cases established by this Federal Law, organizations providing training, as well as individual entrepreneurs.

2. Organizations providing training and individual entrepreneurs, their students, teachers employed in organizations providing training, or individual entrepreneurs, are subject to the rights, social guarantees, duties and responsibilities of educational organizations, students and teachers of such educational institutions. organizations.

Article 22. Creation, reorganization, liquidation of educational organizations

1. An educational organization is created in the form established by civil law for non-profit organizations.

2. Spiritual educational organizations are created in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on freedom of conscience, freedom of religion and religious associations.

3. The authorized federal executive body carrying out state registration of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs (its territorial body), in the manner and within the time limits established by the legislation on state registration of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, notifies the federal executive body exercising control functions and supervision in the field of education, or the executive authority of the subject of the Russian Federation, exercising the transferred powers of the Russian Federation for licensing educational activities, on state registration of an educational organization.

4. An educational organization, depending on who created it, is state, municipal or private.

5. A state educational organization is an educational organization established by the Russian Federation or a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

6. A municipal educational organization is an educational organization created by a municipal entity ( municipal district or city district).

7. A private educational organization is an educational organization established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation by an individual or individuals and (or) a legal entity, legal entities or their associations, with the exception of foreign religious organizations.

8. Educational organizations implementing educational programs of higher education in the field of defense and security of the state, ensuring law and order, can only be created by the Russian Federation.

9. Educational organizations for students with deviant (socially dangerous) behavior who need special conditions for education, training and require special pedagogical approach(special educational and educational institutions of open and closed type) (hereinafter referred to as educational institutions), are created by the Russian Federation or a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

10. An educational organization is reorganized or liquidated in the manner prescribed by civil law, taking into account the specifics provided for by the legislation on education.

11. Adoption by a federal executive body, an executive body of a subject of the Russian Federation or a local self-government body of a decision on the reorganization or liquidation of a state and (or) municipal educational organization is allowed on the basis of a positive conclusion of the commission assessing the consequences of such a decision.

12. Making a decision on the reorganization or liquidation of the municipal educational organization located in rural settlement, is not allowed without taking into account the opinion of the inhabitants of this rural settlement.

13. The procedure for assessing the consequences of making a decision to reorganize or liquidate a federal state educational organization, including the criteria for this assessment (by types of federal state educational organizations), the procedure for creating a commission to assess the consequences of such a decision and preparing its conclusions are established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

14. The procedure for assessing the consequences of a decision to reorganize or liquidate an educational organization administered by a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, a municipal educational organization, including the criteria for this assessment (by types of these educational organizations), the procedure for creating a commission to assess the consequences of such a decision and prepare its conclusions are established by the authorized body of state power of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

15. Creation, reorganization and liquidation of international (interstate) educational organizations are carried out in accordance with international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Article 23. Types of educational organizations

1. Educational organizations are divided into types in accordance with educational programs, the implementation of which is the main goal of their activities.

2. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations are established that implement the main educational programs:

1) preschool educational organization - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities in educational programs of preschool education, childcare and care;

2) general educational organization - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities in educational programs of primary general, basic general and (or) secondary general education;

3) professional educational organization - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities in educational programs of secondary vocational education;

4) educational organization of higher education - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities in educational programs of higher education and scientific activities.

3. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations are established that implement additional educational programs:

1) organization of additional education - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities in additional general educational programs;

2) organization of additional vocational education - an educational organization that, as the main goal of its activities, carries out educational activities for additional professional programs.

4. Educational organizations specified in parts 2 and 3 of this article have the right to carry out educational activities in the following educational programs, the implementation of which is not the main goal of their activities:

1) preschool educational organizations - additional general developmental programs;

2) general education organizations - educational programs of preschool education, additional general education programs, vocational training programs;

3) professional educational organizations - basic general education programs, vocational training programs, additional general education programs, additional professional programs;

4) educational organizations of higher education - basic general education programs, educational programs of secondary vocational education, vocational training programs, additional general education programs, additional professional programs;

5) organizations of additional education - educational programs of preschool education, vocational training programs;

6) organizations of additional vocational education - training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel, residency programs, additional general education programs, vocational training programs.

5. The name of the educational organization must contain an indication of its organizational and legal form and the type of educational organization.

6. The name of the educational organization may use names that indicate the features of the educational activities being carried out (the level and focus of educational programs, the integration of various types of educational programs, the content of the educational program, special conditions for their implementation and (or) special educational needs of students), as well as additionally the functions carried out related to the provision of education (maintenance, treatment, rehabilitation, correction, psychological and pedagogical support, boarding school, research, technological activities and other functions).

Article 24 Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University. Categories of educational institutions of higher education

1. Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University are the leading classical universities of the Russian Federation. Features of the legal status of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov and St. Petersburg State University are determined by a special federal law.

2. In the Russian Federation, in relation to educational institutions of higher education, the Government of the Russian Federation may establish the categories "federal university" and "national research university". When establishing an educational organization of higher education of the category " federal university" or " national research university"The name of such an organization shall include an indication of the established category.

3. In order to ensure the training of personnel for the integrated socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, on behalf of the Russian Federation, may create an educational organization of higher education in the form of an autonomous institution, which establishes the category "federal university". When creating a federal university, the Government of the Russian Federation takes into account the proposals of the legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, prepared on the basis of programs for the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

4. The development of federal universities is carried out within the framework of programs developed by federal universities, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and providing for the conditions for implementation and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of educational activities, the integration of educational and research activities, the modernization and improvement of the material and technical base and socio-cultural infrastructure, integration into the world educational space.

5. The category "national research university" is established for an educational organization of higher education based on the results of the competitive selection of development programs for educational organizations of higher education aimed at staffing priority areas for the development of science, technology, technology, sectors of the economy, social sphere, on the development and implementation of high technologies in production. The procedure for the competitive selection of development programs for educational institutions of higher education (including the conditions for their financial support) is established by the Government of the Russian Federation. The list of indicators, criteria and periodicity for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of development programs for national research universities are established by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

6. An educational organization of higher education, based on the results of an assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of development programs, may be deprived by the Government of the Russian Federation of the category "national research university".

Article 25

1. An educational organization operates on the basis of a charter approved in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. The charter of an educational organization must contain, along with the information provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, the following information:

1) type of educational organization;

2) the founder or founders of the educational organization;

3) types of implemented educational programs indicating the level of education and (or) focus;

4) the structure and competence of the governing bodies of the educational organization, the procedure for their formation and terms of office.

3. In an educational organization, conditions must be created for familiarizing all employees, students, parents (legal representatives) of minor students with its charter.

Article 26. Management of an educational organization

1. Management of an educational organization is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, taking into account the specifics established by this Federal Law.

2. The management of an educational organization is carried out on the basis of a combination of the principles of unity of command and collegiality.

3. The sole executive body of an educational organization is the head of the educational organization (rector, director, head, head or other head), who carries out the current management of the activities of the educational organization.

4. Collegial governing bodies are formed in an educational organization, which include a general meeting (conference) of employees of an educational organization (in a professional educational organization and an educational organization of higher education - a general meeting (conference) of employees and students of an educational organization), pedagogical council(in an educational organization of higher education - an academic council), as well as a board of trustees, a governing council, a supervisory board and other collegiate management bodies provided for by the charter of the relevant educational organization.

5. The structure, formation procedure, term of office and competence of the governing bodies of the educational organization, the procedure for making decisions by them and speaking on behalf of the educational organization are established by the charter of the educational organization in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

6. In order to take into account the opinions of students, parents (legal representatives) of underage students and teachers on the management of an educational organization and when an educational organization adopts local regulations affecting their rights and legitimate interests, at the initiative of students, parents (legal representatives) of underage students and teaching staff in an educational organization:

1) student councils are created (in a professional educational organization and an educational organization of higher education - student councils), councils of parents (legal representatives) of minor students or other bodies (hereinafter - student councils, parent councils);

2) there are trade unions of students and (or) employees of an educational organization (hereinafter - representative bodies of students, representative bodies of employees).

Article 27. Structure of an educational organization

1. Educational organizations are independent in the formation of their structure, unless otherwise established by federal laws.

2. An educational organization may have in its structure various structural units that ensure the implementation of educational activities, taking into account the level, type and focus of educational programs being implemented, the form of education and the mode of stay of students (branches, representative offices, departments, faculties, institutes, centers, departments, preparatory departments and courses, scientific research, methodological and educational departments, laboratories, design bureaus, educational and training workshops, clinics, educational and experimental farms, training grounds, training bases practices, training and demonstration centers, educational theatres, exhibition halls, training circus arenas, training dance and opera studios, training concert halls, art and creative workshops, libraries, museums, sports clubs, student sports clubs, school sports clubs, hostels, boarding schools, psychological and socio-pedagogical services that provide social adaptation and rehabilitation of students who need it, and other structural units provided for by local regulations of the educational organization).

3. Professional educational organizations and educational organizations of higher education may create departments and other structural units that provide practical training for students on the basis of other organizations that carry out activities in the profile of the relevant educational program, in the manner established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing the state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

4. Structural subdivisions of an educational organization, including branches and representative offices, are not legal entities and act on the basis of the charter of the educational organization and the regulation on the relevant structural unit approved in the manner prescribed by the charter of the educational organization. The implementation of educational activities in the representative office of an educational organization is prohibited.

5. A branch of an educational organization is created and liquidated in the manner prescribed by civil law, taking into account the specifics provided for by this Federal Law.

6. The decision to liquidate a branch of a state and (or) municipal preschool educational organization or a general educational organization by a federal executive body, an executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a local government body is carried out in the manner established by Parts 11 and 12 of Article 22 of this Federal Law.

7. Branches of federal state educational organizations of higher education are created and liquidated by the founder in agreement with the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

8. The creation of branches of state educational organizations that are under the jurisdiction of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, or municipal educational organizations on the territory of another constituent entity of the Russian Federation or the territory of a municipal formation, is carried out in agreement, respectively, with the executive authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, exercising public administration in the field of education, and the body local self-government, exercising management in the field of education, at the location of the created branch.

9. A representative office of an educational organization is opened and closed by an educational organization.

10. The creation or liquidation of a branch or representative office of an educational organization in the territory of a foreign state is carried out in accordance with the legislation of a foreign state at the location of the branch or representative office, unless otherwise established by international treaties of the Russian Federation.

11. The financial and economic activities of an educational organization at the location of its branch or representative office located on the territory of a foreign state are carried out in accordance with the legislation of this foreign state.

12. In state and municipal educational organizations, the creation and activities of political parties, religious organizations (associations) are not allowed.

Article 28. Competence, rights, duties and responsibilities of an educational organization

1. An educational organization has autonomy, which is understood as independence in the implementation of educational, scientific, administrative, financial and economic activities, the development and adoption of local regulations in accordance with this Federal Law, other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the charter of an educational organization.

2. Educational organizations are free to determine the content of education, the choice of educational and methodological support, educational technologies for the educational programs they implement.

3. The competence of an educational organization in the established field of activity includes:

1) development and adoption of internal regulations for students, internal labor regulations, other local regulations;

2) material and technical support of educational activities, equipment of premises in accordance with state and local norms and requirements, including in accordance with federal state educational standards, federal state requirements, educational standards;

3) providing the founder and the public with an annual report on the receipt and expenditure of financial and material resources, as well as a report on the results of self-examination;

4) establishment of the staffing table, unless otherwise established by the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation;

5) hiring employees, concluding and terminating employment contracts with them, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law, distribution of job responsibilities, creating conditions and organizing additional professional education for employees;

6) development and approval of educational programs of an educational organization;

7) development and approval in agreement with the founder of the educational organization development program, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law;

8) admission of students to an educational organization;

9) determination of the list of textbooks in accordance with the approved federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education by organizations engaged in educational activities, as well as teaching aids approved for use in the implementation of these educational programs of such organizations;

10) implementation current control progress and intermediate certification of students, the establishment of their forms, frequency and procedure for conducting;

11) individual accounting of the results of mastering educational programs by students, as well as storage in archives of information about these results on paper and (or) electronic media;

12) use and improvement of methods of education and upbringing, educational technologies, e-learning;

13) conducting self-examination, ensuring the functioning of the internal system for assessing the quality of education;

14) providing in an educational organization that has a boarding school, the necessary conditions for the maintenance of students;

15) creation of the necessary conditions for the protection and promotion of health, catering for students and employees of an educational organization;

16) creating conditions for students to study physical culture and sports;

17) acquisition or production of forms of documents on education and (or) qualifications;

18) establishing requirements for the clothes of students, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law or the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

19) promoting the activities of public associations of students, parents (legal representatives) of underage students, carried out in an educational organization and not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

20) organization of scientific and methodological work, including organization and holding of scientific and methodological conferences, seminars;

21) ensuring the creation and maintenance of the official website of the educational organization on the Internet;

22) other issues in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

4. Educational organizations of higher education carry out scientific and (or) creative activity, as well as the right to prepare scientific personnel(in doctoral studies). Other educational organizations have the right to conduct scientific and (or) creative activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, if such activities are provided for by their charters.

5. An educational organization has the right to conduct a consulting, educational activities, activities in the field of protecting the health of citizens and other activities that do not contradict the goals of creating an educational organization, including organizing recreation and recreation for students during vacation time (with round-the-clock or daytime stay).

6. An educational organization is obliged to carry out its activities in accordance with the legislation on education, including:

1) ensure the full implementation of educational programs, compliance of the quality of training of students with the established requirements, compliance of the applied forms, means, methods of training and education with age, psychophysical characteristics, inclinations, abilities, interests and needs of students;

2) create safe conditions for training, education of students, supervision and care of students, their maintenance in accordance with established standards that ensure the life and health of students, employees of an educational organization;

3) to observe the rights and freedoms of students, parents (legal representatives) of underage students, employees of an educational organization.

7. An educational organization is liable in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for failure to perform or improper performance of functions within its competence, for the implementation of incomplete educational programs in accordance with the curriculum, the quality of education of its graduates, as well as for the life and health of students , employees of the educational organization. For violation or illegal restriction of the right to education and the rights and freedoms of students, parents (legal representatives) of minor students, violation of the requirements for the organization and implementation of educational activities, the educational organization and its officials bear administrative responsibility in accordance with the legislation on education in accordance with the Code of the Russian Federation on administrative offenses.

Article 29

1. Educational organizations form open and public information resources containing information about their activities, and provide access to such resources by posting them in information and telecommunication networks, including on the official website of an educational organization on the Internet.

2. Educational organizations ensure openness and accessibility:

1) information:

a) on the date of establishment of the educational organization, on the founder, founders of the educational organization, on the location of the educational organization and its branches (if any), mode, work schedule, contact numbers and e-mail addresses;

b) on the structure and management bodies of the educational organization;

c) on ongoing educational programs indicating the subjects, courses, disciplines (modules), practices provided for by the relevant educational program;

d) on the number of students in educational programs being implemented at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets and under education agreements at the expense of individuals and (or) legal entities;

e) languages ​​of education;

f) on federal state educational standards, on educational standards (if any);

g) about the head of the educational organization, his deputies, heads of branches of the educational organization (if any);

h) on the personal composition of teaching staff, indicating the level of education, qualifications and work experience;

i) on the material and technical support of educational activities (including the availability of equipped classrooms, facilities for conducting practical classes, libraries, sports facilities, training and education facilities, nutrition and health conditions for students, access to information systems and information - telecommunication networks, on electronic educational resources to which students have access);

j) on the directions and results of scientific (research) activities and the research base for its implementation (for educational institutions of higher education, organizations of additional professional education);

k) on the results of admission for each profession, specialty of secondary vocational education (if there are entrance examinations), each area of ​​training or specialty of higher education with various conditions admission (to places financed from the budget allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets, under education agreements at the expense of individuals and (or) legal entities) indicating the average amount of points scored for all entrance examinations, as well as the results of the transfer, restoration and deductions;

l) on the number of vacancies for admission (transfer) for each educational program, profession, specialty, field of study (for places financed from the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets, under agreements on education at the expense of individuals and (or) legal entities);

m) on the availability and conditions for granting scholarships and social support measures to students;

n) on the availability of a hostel, a boarding school, the number of living quarters in a hostel, a boarding school for students from other cities, the formation of fees for living in a hostel;

o) on the volume of educational activities, the financial support of which is carried out at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local budgets, under agreements on education at the expense of individuals and (or) legal entities;

p) on the receipt of financial and material resources and on their expenditure at the end of the financial year;

c) employment of graduates;

2) copies:

a) the charter of the educational organization;

b) licenses for educational activities (with attachments);

c) certificates of state accreditation (with attachments);

d) a plan for the financial and economic activities of an educational organization, approved in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, or a budget estimate of an educational organization;

e) local regulations provided for by Part 2 of Article 30 of this Federal Law, internal regulations for students, internal labor regulations, collective agreement;

3) a report on the results of self-examination. The performance indicators of an educational organization subject to self-examination and the procedure for its conduct are established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;

4) a document on the procedure for providing paid educational services, including a sample contract for the provision of paid educational services, a document confirming the cost of education for each educational program;

5) instructions of the bodies exercising state control (supervision) in the field of education, reports on the implementation of such instructions;

6) other information that is posted, published by the decision of the educational organization and (or) placement, the publication of which is mandatory in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. The information and documents specified in Part 2 of this Article, if in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation they are not classified as information constituting state and other secrets protected by law, shall be posted on the official website of the educational organization on the Internet and updated within ten working days from the date of their creation, receipt or introduction of appropriate changes to them. The procedure for posting on the official website of an educational organization on the Internet and updating information about an educational organization, including its content and the form of its provision, is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 30

1. An educational organization adopts local regulations containing the rules governing educational relations (hereinafter referred to as local regulations), within its competence in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the manner established by its charter.

2. An educational organization adopts local regulations on the main issues of organizing and carrying out educational activities, including regulating the rules for the admission of students, the mode of study of students, the forms, frequency and procedure for monitoring progress and intermediate certification of students, the procedure and grounds for transfer, expulsion and restoration students, the procedure for registration of the emergence, suspension and termination of relations between the educational organization and students and (or) parents (legal representatives) of underage students.

3. When adopting local regulations affecting the rights of students and employees of an educational organization, the opinion of student councils, parent councils, representative bodies of students, as well as in the manner and in cases provided for by labor legislation, representative bodies of employees (if there are such representative bodies ).

4. The norms of local regulations that worsen the situation of students or employees of an educational organization in comparison with the established legislation on education, labor legislation, or regulations adopted in violation of the established procedure, do not apply and are subject to cancellation by the educational organization.

Education in Russia plays a decisive role in the process of personality formation. Its main goal is to educate and educate the younger generation, to acquire knowledge, skills, competencies and necessary experience. Various types of education in Russia are aimed at the professional, moral, intellectual and physical development of children, adolescents, boys and girls. Let's consider this in more detail.

Law "On Education in the Russian Federation"

According to this document, educational process is a continuous, sequentially connected system. Such content implies the presence of certain levels. In the law they are called "types of education in Russia."

Each level has specific goals and objectives, content and methods of influence.

Types of education in Russia

According to the law, two major levels are distinguished.

The first is general education. It includes preschool and school sublevels. The latter, in turn, is divided into primary, basic and complete (secondary) education.

The second level is vocational education. It includes secondary, higher (bachelor's, specialist's and master's) and training of highly qualified personnel.

Let's look at each of these levels in more detail.

About the system of preschool education in Russia

This level is for children up to seven years of age. Basic goal - general development, training and education of preschoolers. In addition, it implies the exercise of control and care for them. In Russia, these functions are performed by specialized institutions of preschool education.

These are nurseries, kindergartens, centers early development or at home.

About the system of secondary education in the Russian Federation

As noted above, it consists of several sublevels:

• Primary lasts four years. The main goal is to give the child a system of necessary knowledge in basic subjects.
• Basic education lasts from the fifth to the ninth grades. It assumes that the development of the child should be carried out according to the main scientific directions. As a result, secondary schools must prepare teenagers for the GIA in certain subjects.

These levels of education at school are compulsory for children in accordance with their age. After the ninth grade, the child has the right to leave school and study further, choosing special secondary schools. In this case, it is the guardians or parents who, according to the law, are fully responsible for ensuring that the process of acquiring knowledge is continued, and not interrupted.

Complete education means that the student is in the tenth to eleventh grades for two years. The main purpose of this stage is to prepare graduates for the Unified State Examination and further education at the university. Reality shows that during this period they often resort to the services of tutors, since one school is not enough.

More about secondary vocational and higher education in our country

Secondary vocational schools are divided into colleges and technical schools (state and non-state). They train students in selected specialties for two or three, and sometimes four years. In most of the descents, a teenager can enter after the ninth grade. The exception is medical colleges. They are accepted in the presence of a complete general education.

You can enter any higher educational institution in Russia under the bachelor's program only after the eleventh grade. In the future, if desired, the student will continue his studies in the magistracy.

Some universities currently offer a specialist degree rather than a bachelor's degree. However, in accordance with Bologna system, higher professional education in this system will not exist in the near future.

The next step is the training of highly qualified personnel. These are graduate school (or adjuncture) and residency. In addition, specialists with higher professional education can complete an internship assistant program. We are talking about the training of pedagogical and creative figures of the highest qualification.

Distance education

This system is a new, specific form of education, which differs from traditional ones. Distance education is distinguished by other goals, objectives, content, means, methods and forms of interaction. The use of computer technologies, telecommunications, case technologies, etc. is becoming predominant.

In this regard, the most common types of such training are as follows:

• The first is based on interactive television. When it is implemented, there is direct visual contact with the audience, which is at a distance from the teacher. Currently, this species is underdeveloped and very expensive. However, it is necessary when unique techniques are demonstrated, laboratory experiments and new knowledge in a particular area.
• Second view distance learning relies on computer telecommunications networks (regional, global) with various didactic capabilities (text files, multimedia technologies, video conferencing, Email And so on). This is a common and inexpensive form of distance learning.
• The third combines a CD (basic electronic textbook) and the global network. Due to the great didactic possibilities, this type is optimal for both university and schooling as well as professional development. The CD has a lot of advantages: multimedia, interactivity, the presence of a large amount of information with minimal financial losses.

Inclusive education

The Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" highlights the creation of favorable conditions for the education of persons with disabilities as one of the priority tasks. And this is reflected not only in the form, but also in the content.

In law this system called "inclusive education". Its implementation implies the absence of any discrimination against children with special needs, the existence of equal treatment for everyone and the availability of education.

Inclusive education is implemented in all educational institutions in Russia. The main goal is to create a barrier-free environment in the learning process and provide professional training for people with disabilities. For its implementation it is necessary to perform certain tasks:

• technically equip educational institutions ;
• develop special training courses for teachers;
• create methodological developments for other students, aimed at the process of developing relationships with people with disabilities;
• develop programs that are aimed at facilitating the adaptation of persons with disabilities in educational institutions.

This work has just been developed. Within the next few years, the goal set and the assigned tasks should be fully implemented.

Conclusion

IN currently the types of education in Russia are clearly identified, the functions and content of each level are disclosed. However, despite this, the reconstruction and reform of the entire education system continues.

1. A scholarship is a cash payment assigned to students in order to stimulate and (or) support the development of relevant educational programs by them.

2. The following types of scholarships are established in the Russian Federation:

1) state academic scholarship for students;

2) state social scholarship for students;

3) state scholarships for graduate students, residents, assistant trainees;

4) scholarships of the President of the Russian Federation and scholarships of the Government of the Russian Federation;

5) nominal scholarships;

6) scholarships for students, appointed by legal entities or individuals, including those who sent them to study;

7) scholarships for students of preparatory departments in the cases provided for by this Federal Law.

3. Students studying full-time at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget are assigned a state academic scholarship and (or) a state social scholarship in the manner established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education .

4. The state academic scholarship is awarded to students who meet the requirements established by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.

5. The state social scholarship is assigned to students who are orphans and children left without parental care, persons from among orphans and children left without parental care, persons who have lost both parents or a single parent during the period of study, disabled children, disabled people of groups I and II, disabled since childhood, students exposed to radiation due to a disaster at Chernobyl nuclear power plant and other radiation disasters, as a result of nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk test site, to students who are disabled due to a military injury or disease received during military service, and veterans of military operations, as well as students from among citizens who have been in military service for at least three years under a contract in military positions to be replaced by soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, and dismissed from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "b" - "d" of paragraph 1, subparagraph "a" of paragraph 2 and subparagraphs "a" - "c "Clause 3 of Article 51 of the Federal Law of March 28, 1998 N 53-FZ "On military service And military service". The state social scholarship is also awarded to students who have received state social assistance. The state social scholarship is assigned to the specified category of students from the date of submission to the organization carrying out educational activities, a document confirming the appointment of state social assistance, for one year from the date of assignment of the specified state social assistance.

6. Graduate students, residents, assistant trainees who study full-time at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, in the manner established by the federal executive body that exercises the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education, are assigned state scholarships.

7. The procedure for assigning state academic scholarships to students, state social scholarships to students, state scholarships to graduate students, residents, assistant trainees studying full-time at the expense of budgetary appropriations from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets is established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local authorities.

8. State academic scholarships for students, state social scholarships for students, state scholarships for graduate students, residents, assistant trainees are paid in amounts determined by the organization carrying out educational activities, taking into account the opinion of the council of students of this organization and the elected body of the primary trade union organization (if such a body exists). ) within the limits of the funds allocated to the organization carrying out educational activities for scholarships for students (scholarship fund). The Scholarship Fund includes funds for the payment of scholarships paid out of the funds of the relevant budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation.

9. The amount of state academic scholarships for students, state social scholarships for students, state scholarships for graduate students, residents, assistant trainees, determined by the organization carrying out educational activities, cannot be less than the standards established in accordance with part 10 of this article.

10. The size of the scholarship fund is determined based on the total number of full-time students at the expense of the federal budget in accordance with the rules for the formation of the scholarship fund at the expense of the federal budget and the standards established by the Government of the Russian Federation for each level of vocational education and categories of students with taking into account the level of inflation. The norms and rules for the formation of a scholarship fund at the expense of budgetary appropriations from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are established by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, at the expense of budgetary appropriations from the local budget - by local governments.

11. Students - foreign citizens and stateless persons, mastering the main professional educational programs full-time, are paid state academic scholarships to students, state scholarships to graduate students, residents, assistant trainees, if they study at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets, including within the quota established by the Government of the Russian Federation, or it is provided for by international treaties of the Russian Federation, in accordance with which such persons are accepted for training.

12. The amount of scholarships established by the President of the Russian Federation or the Government of the Russian Federation and the procedure for their payment are determined by the President of the Russian Federation or the Government of the Russian Federation.

13. Personal scholarships are established by federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local authorities, legal entities and individuals who determine the amount and conditions for the payment of such scholarships.

14. Students of the preparatory departments of federal state educational organizations of higher education, who study at the expense of the budgetary allocations of the federal budget, are paid scholarships in the amount determined by the Government of the Russian Federation and in the manner established by the federal executive body responsible for the development of state policy and regulatory regulation in the field of education.

15. Professional educational organizations and educational organizations of higher education that provide public services in the field of education at the expense of budgetary appropriations of the federal budget are allocated funds to provide material support to needy students in the amount of twenty-five percent of the size of the part of the scholarship fund envisaged by it, intended for payments of state academic scholarships students and government social scholarships students, funds for organizing mass cultural, physical culture and sports, health-improving work with students in the amount of the monthly size of the scholarship fund, intended for the payment of state academic scholarships to students and state social scholarships to students, for educational programs of secondary vocational education and twice the monthly size of the scholarship fund fund intended for the payment of state academic scholarships to students and state social scholarships to students, for educational programs of higher education. Material support to students is paid in the amount and in the manner determined by local regulations adopted taking into account the opinion of student councils and representative bodies of students.

16. Organizations carrying out educational activities have the right to establish, at the expense of funds received from income-generating activities, various types of material support for students.

17. The amount, conditions and procedure for cash payments to students of federal state educational organizations for educational programs in the interests of defense and security of the state, law and order are determined in the manner established by federal laws.

Article 10. Structure of the education system

1. The education system includes:

1) federal state educational standards and federal state requirements, educational standards, educational programs of various types, levels and (or) directions;

2) organizations engaged in educational activities, teachers, students and parents (legal representatives) of underage students;

3) federal state bodies and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising state management in the field of education, and local government bodies exercising management in the field of education, advisory, advisory and other bodies created by them;

4) organizations providing educational activities, assessing the quality of education;

5) associations of legal entities, employers and their associations, public associations operating in the field of education.

2. Education is divided into general education, vocational education, additional education and vocational training, which ensure the possibility of realizing the right to education throughout life (continuing education).

3. General education and vocational education are implemented by levels of education.

4. The following levels of general education are established in the Russian Federation:

1) preschool education;

2) primary general education;

3) basic general education;

4) secondary general education.

5. The following levels of vocational education are established in the Russian Federation:

1) secondary vocational education;

2) higher education - bachelor's degree;

3) higher education - specialty, magistracy;

4) higher education - training of highly qualified personnel.

6. Additional education includes such subtypes as additional education for children and adults and additional vocational education.

7. The education system creates conditions for continuous education through the implementation of basic educational programs and various additional educational programs, providing the opportunity to simultaneously master several educational programs, as well as taking into account existing education, qualifications, and practical experience in obtaining education.

Article 11. Federal state educational standards and federal state requirements. Educational standards

1. Federal state educational standards and federal state requirements provide:

1) the unity of the educational space of the Russian Federation;

2) continuity of the main educational programs;

3) the variability of the content of educational programs of the corresponding level of education, the possibility of forming educational programs of various levels of complexity and focus, taking into account the educational needs and abilities of students;

4) state guarantees of the level and quality of education based on the unity of mandatory requirements for the conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs and the results of their development.

2. Federal state educational standards, with the exception of the federal state educational standard for preschool education, educational standards are the basis for an objective assessment of compliance with the established requirements of educational activities and training of students who have mastered educational programs of the appropriate level and relevant focus, regardless of the form of education and the form of education.

3. Federal state educational standards include requirements for:

1) the structure of the main educational programs (including the ratio of the mandatory part of the main educational program and the part formed by the participants in educational relations) and their volume;

2) conditions for the implementation of basic educational programs, including personnel, financial, logistical and other conditions;

3) the results of mastering the main educational programs.

4. The federal state educational standards establish terms for obtaining general education and vocational education, taking into account various forms of education, educational technologies and the characteristics of certain categories of students.

5. Federal state educational standards for general education are developed according to the levels of education, federal state educational standards for vocational education can also be developed according to professions, specialties and areas of training for the corresponding levels of vocational education.

5.1. Federal state educational standards for preschool, primary general and basic general education provide an opportunity to receive education in native languages ​​from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, to study the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation, native languages ​​from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, including Russian as a native language .
(Part 5.1 was introduced by Federal Law No. 317-FZ of August 3, 2018)

6. In order to ensure the realization of the right to education of students with disabilities, federal state educational standards for the education of these persons are established or special requirements are included in federal state educational standards.

7. Formation of the requirements of the federal state educational standards of vocational education to the results of the development of the main educational programs of vocational education in terms of professional competence is carried out on the basis of the relevant professional standards (if any).
(Part 7 as amended by Federal Law No. 122-FZ dated May 2, 2015)

8. The lists of professions and specialties of secondary vocational education, indicating the qualifications assigned in the relevant professions and specialties of secondary vocational education, the procedure for the formation of these lists are approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education. The lists of specialties and areas of higher education training, indicating the qualifications awarded in the relevant specialties and areas of higher education training, the procedure for the formation of these lists are approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education. When approving new lists of professions, specialties and areas of training, depending on the level of education, by the federal executive body in charge of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education, or by the federal executive body in charge of developing and implementing state policy and regulatory legal regulation in the field of higher education, the correspondence of the individual professions, specialties and areas of training indicated in these lists to the professions, specialties and areas of training indicated in the previous lists of professions, specialties and areas of training can be established.

9. The procedure for developing, approving federal state educational standards and making changes to them is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

10. Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, St. Petersburg State University, educational organizations of higher education, in respect of which the category "federal university" or "national research university", as well as federal state educational organizations of higher education, the list of which is approved by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, have the right to develop and approve self-educational standards for all levels of higher education. The requirements for the conditions of implementation and the results of mastering educational programs of higher education included in such educational standards cannot be lower than the corresponding requirements of federal state educational standards.

Article 12. Educational programs

1. Educational programs determine the content of education. The content of education should promote mutual understanding and cooperation between people, nations, regardless of racial, national, ethnic, religious and social affiliation, take into account the diversity of worldview approaches, promote the realization of the right of students to freely choose opinions and beliefs, ensure the development of the abilities of each person, the formation and development of his personality in accordance with the spiritual, moral and socio-cultural values ​​accepted in the family and society. The content of vocational education and vocational training should ensure the acquisition of qualifications.

2. In the Russian Federation, basic educational programs are implemented for the levels of general and vocational education, for vocational training, and additional educational programs for additional education.

3. The main educational programs include:

1) basic general education programs - educational programs of preschool education, educational programs of primary general education, educational programs of basic general education, educational programs of secondary general education;

2) basic professional educational programs:

a) educational programs of secondary vocational education - training programs for skilled workers, employees, training programs for mid-level specialists;

b) educational programs of higher education - bachelor's degree programs, specialist's degree programs, master's programs, programs for the preparation of scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjuncture), residency programs, assistantship-internship programs;

3) basic vocational training programs - vocational training programs for the professions of workers, positions of employees, retraining programs for workers, employees, advanced training programs for workers, employees.

4. Additional educational programs include:

1) additional general education programs - additional general developmental programs, additional pre-professional programs;

2) additional professional programs - advanced training programs, professional retraining programs.

5. Educational programs are independently developed and approved by the organization carrying out educational activities, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

6. Educational programs for preschool education are developed and approved by the organization carrying out educational activities in accordance with the federal state educational standard for preschool education and taking into account the relevant exemplary educational programs for preschool education.

7. Organizations carrying out educational activities in accordance with state-accredited educational programs (with the exception of educational programs of higher education implemented on the basis of educational standards approved by educational institutions of higher education independently), develop educational programs in accordance with federal state educational standards and taking into account the relevant exemplary basic educational programs.

8. Educational organizations of higher education, which, in accordance with this Federal Law, have the right to independently develop and approve educational standards, develop the corresponding educational programs of higher education based on such educational standards.

9. Exemplary basic educational programs are developed taking into account their level and focus on the basis of federal state educational standards, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.

10. Exemplary basic educational programs are included, based on the results of the examination, in the register of exemplary basic educational programs, which is the state information system. The information contained in the register of exemplary basic educational programs is publicly available.

11. The procedure for developing exemplary basic general education programs, educational programs of secondary vocational education, conducting their examination and maintaining a register of these exemplary basic educational programs, features of the development, examination and inclusion in such a register of exemplary basic educational programs of secondary vocational education containing information constituting a state secret, and exemplary basic educational programs of secondary vocational education in the field of information security, as well as organizations that are granted the right to maintain a register of exemplary basic general education programs, educational programs of secondary vocational education, are established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and regulatory legal regulation in the field of general education, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law. The procedure for developing exemplary basic educational programs of higher education, conducting their examination and maintaining a register of exemplary basic educational programs of higher education, features of the development, examination and inclusion in such a register of exemplary basic educational programs of higher education containing information constituting a state secret, and exemplary basic educational programs higher education programs in the field of information security, as well as organizations that are granted the right to maintain a register of exemplary basic educational programs of higher education, are established by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education, unless otherwise not established by this Federal Law.

12. Authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are involved in the examination of exemplary basic general educational programs, taking into account their level and focus (in terms of taking into account regional, national and ethno-cultural characteristics).

13. The development of exemplary programs for the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate studies is provided by federal executive authorities and federal state bodies in which the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for military or other equivalent service, service in the internal affairs bodies, service in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, exemplary programs internship assistantships - a federal executive body that performs the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of culture, exemplary residency programs - a federal executive body that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of healthcare.
(as amended by Federal Laws No. 145-FZ of 04.06.2014, No. 227-FZ of 03.07.2016, No. 305-FZ of 03.07.2016, No. 232-FZ of 26.07.2019)

14. In the cases established by this Federal Law, the authorized federal state bodies develop and approve exemplary additional professional programs or standard additional professional programs, in accordance with which organizations engaged in educational activities develop appropriate additional professional programs.

15. In the cases established by this Federal Law and other federal laws, the authorized federal state bodies develop and approve exemplary vocational training programs or model vocational training programs, in accordance with which organizations engaged in educational activities develop appropriate vocational training programs.

Article 13. General requirements for the implementation of educational programs

1. Educational programs are implemented by an organization carrying out educational activities, both independently and through network forms of their implementation.

2. When implementing educational programs, various educational technologies are used, including distance learning technologies, e-learning.

3. When implementing educational programs by an organization carrying out educational activities, a form of organizing educational activities can be applied, based on the modular principle of presenting the content of the educational program and building curricula, using appropriate educational technologies.

4. To determine the structure of professional educational programs and the complexity of their development, a system of credits can be used. A credit unit is a unified unit for measuring the labor intensity of a student's workload, which includes all types of his educational activities provided for by the curriculum (including classroom and independent work), practice.

5. The number of credits for the main professional educational program for a specific profession, specialty or area of ​​training is established by the relevant federal state educational standard, educational standard. The number of credits for an additional professional program is established by the organization carrying out educational activities.

6. The main professional educational programs provide for the practice of students.

7. The organization of the practice provided for by the educational program is carried out by organizations carrying out educational activities on the basis of agreements with organizations carrying out activities under the educational program of the corresponding profile. The practice can be carried out directly in the organization carrying out educational activities.

8. The regulation on the practice of students mastering educational programs of secondary vocational education, and its types are approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education. The regulation on the practice of students mastering educational programs of higher education, and its types are approved by the federal executive body, which performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education.
(Part 8 as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

9. The use in the implementation of educational programs of methods and means of training and education, educational technologies that are harmful to the physical or mental health of students is prohibited.

10. Federal state bodies, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation exercising state management in the field of education, local government bodies exercising management in the field of education, are not entitled to change the curriculum and calendar curriculum of organizations engaged in educational activities.

11. The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities for basic general education programs, educational programs of secondary vocational education, basic vocational training programs and additional general education programs is established by the federal executive body that exercises the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education, if otherwise not established by this Federal Law. The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education is established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law. The procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities for additional professional programs is established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education, in agreement with the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law.
(Part 11 as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

Article 14. Language of education

1. In the Russian Federation, education is guaranteed in the state language of the Russian Federation, as well as the choice of the language of instruction and education within the limits of the possibilities provided by the education system.

2. In educational organizations, educational activities are carried out in the state language of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise provided by this article. Teaching and learning the state language of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited educational programs are carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards.

3. In state and municipal educational institutions located on the territory of a republic of the Russian Federation, teaching and learning of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation may be introduced in accordance with the legislation of the republics of the Russian Federation. Teaching and learning of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited educational programs are carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards. Teaching and learning the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation should not be carried out to the detriment of teaching and learning the state language of the Russian Federation.

4. Citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to receive preschool, primary general and basic general education in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, as well as the right to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, including Russian as a native language, within opportunities provided by the education system, in the manner prescribed by the legislation on education. The implementation of these rights is ensured by the creation of the necessary number of relevant educational organizations, classes, groups, as well as the conditions for their functioning. Teaching and learning of a native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, including Russian as a native language, within the framework of state-accredited educational programs, is carried out in accordance with federal state educational standards, educational standards.

5. Education can be obtained in a foreign language in accordance with the educational program and in the manner prescribed by the legislation on education and local regulations of the organization carrying out educational activities.

6. The language, languages ​​of education are determined by the local regulations of the organization carrying out educational activities for the educational programs it implements, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. The free choice of the language of education, the studied native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation, including the Russian language as a native language, the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation, is carried out at the request of the parents (legal representatives) of underage students upon admission (transfer) to study in educational programs of preschool education, state-accredited educational programs of primary general and basic general education.
(as amended by Federal Law No. 317-FZ of August 3, 2018)

Article 15. Network form of implementation of educational programs

1. The network form for the implementation of educational programs (hereinafter referred to as the network form) provides the opportunity for students to master the educational program using the resources of several organizations engaged in educational activities, including foreign ones, and, if necessary, using the resources of other organizations. In the implementation of educational programs using the network form, along with organizations engaged in educational activities, scientific organizations, medical organizations, cultural organizations, sports and other organizations that have the resources necessary for training, conducting educational and industrial practice and implementing other types of educational activities provided for by the relevant educational program.

2. The use of the network form for the implementation of educational programs is carried out on the basis of an agreement between the organizations specified in part 1 of this article. To organize the implementation of educational programs using the network form by several organizations engaged in educational activities, such organizations also jointly develop and approve educational programs.

3. The agreement on the network form of implementation of educational programs shall indicate:

1) type, level and (or) focus of the educational program (part of the educational program of a certain level, type and focus), implemented using the network form;

2) the status of students in the organizations specified in part 1 of this article, the rules for admission to study in an educational program implemented using a network form, the procedure for organizing academic mobility of students (for students in basic professional educational programs) mastering an educational program implemented using network form;

3) the conditions and procedure for the implementation of educational activities under the educational program implemented through the network form, including the distribution of responsibilities between the organizations specified in part 1 of this article, the procedure for implementing the educational program, the nature and amount of resources used by each organization implementing educational programs through network form;

4) issued document or documents on education and (or) qualification, document or documents on education, as well as organizations engaged in educational activities, which issue these documents;

5) the term of the contract, the procedure for its amendment and termination.

Article 16. Implementation of educational programs using e-learning and distance learning technologies

1. E-learning is understood as the organization of educational activities using the information contained in databases and used in the implementation of educational programs and the information technologies, technical means that ensure its processing, as well as information and telecommunication networks that ensure the transmission of the specified information over communication lines, the interaction of students and teachers . Distance educational technologies are understood as educational technologies implemented mainly with the use of information and telecommunication networks with indirect (at a distance) interaction between students and teachers.

2. Organizations engaged in educational activities have the right to use e-learning, distance learning technologies in the implementation of educational programs in the manner established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education, in agreement with the federal body executive power, performing the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education.

3. When implementing educational programs using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies in an organization carrying out educational activities, conditions must be created for the functioning of an electronic information and educational environment, including electronic information resources, electronic educational resources, a set of information technologies, telecommunication technologies, appropriate technological means and ensuring the development of educational programs by students in full, regardless of the location of the students. The list of professions and specialties of secondary vocational education, the implementation of educational programs for which is not allowed using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies, is approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education. The list of specialties and areas of higher education training, the implementation of educational programs for which is not allowed using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies, is approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education.
(as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

4. When implementing educational programs using e-learning, distance learning technologies, the place of educational activity is the location of the organization carrying out educational activities, or its branch, regardless of the location of the students.

5. When implementing educational programs using e-learning, distance learning technologies, an organization carrying out educational activities ensures the protection of information constituting a state or other secret protected by law.

Article 17. Forms of education and forms of education

1. In the Russian Federation, education can be obtained:

1) in organizations carrying out educational activities;

2) outside organizations engaged in educational activities (in the form of family education and self-education).

2. Education in organizations engaged in educational activities, taking into account the needs, capabilities of the individual and depending on the volume of compulsory classes of a teacher with students, is carried out in full-time, part-time or part-time form.

3. Education in the form of family education and self-education is carried out with the right to subsequently pass, in accordance with Part 3 of Article 34 of this Federal Law, intermediate and state final certification in organizations engaged in educational activities.

4. A combination of various forms of education and forms of education is allowed.

5. Forms of education and forms of education for the main educational program for each level of education, profession, specialty and area of ​​training are determined by the relevant federal state educational standards, educational standards, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law. Forms of training for additional educational programs and basic professional training programs are determined by the organization carrying out educational activities independently, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 18. Printed and electronic educational and information resources

1. In organizations engaged in educational activities, in order to ensure the implementation of educational programs, libraries are formed, including digital (electronic) libraries that provide access to professional databases, information reference and search systems, as well as other information resources. The library fund must be completed with printed and (or) electronic educational publications (including textbooks and teaching aids), methodological and periodic publications on all subjects, courses, disciplines (modules) included in the basic educational programs being implemented.

2. The norms for the provision of educational activities with educational publications per student in the main educational program are established by the relevant federal state educational standards.

3. Educational publications used in the implementation of educational programs for preschool education are determined by the organization carrying out educational activities, taking into account the requirements of federal state educational standards, as well as exemplary educational programs for preschool education and exemplary educational programs for primary general education.

4. Organizations carrying out educational activities according to state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, for use in the implementation of these educational programs choose:

1) textbooks from among those included in the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education;

2) textbooks issued by organizations included in the list of organizations producing textbooks that are allowed to be used in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education.

5. The federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education by organizations engaged in educational activities includes lists of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of the mandatory part of the main educational program and the part formed by the participants educational relations, including textbooks that take into account the regional and ethnocultural characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the realization of the rights of citizens to receive education in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the study of their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and literature of the peoples of Russia in their native language .

6. Textbooks are included in the federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs for primary general, basic general, secondary general education, based on the results of an examination. In carrying out this examination of textbooks in order to ensure that the regional and ethnocultural characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are taken into account, the rights of citizens to receive education in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and to study their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and literature of the peoples of Russia in their native language participate authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

7. The procedure for the formation of a federal list of textbooks recommended for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs for primary general, basic general, secondary general education, including the criteria and procedure for conducting an examination, the form of an expert opinion, as well as the grounds and procedure for excluding textbooks from the specified federal list are approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education.
(as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

8. The procedure for selecting organizations that produce textbooks that are allowed to be used in the implementation of educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education with state accreditation, the list of such organizations is approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and regulatory legal regulation in the field of general education. Authorized state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation participate in the selection of organizations that produce textbooks in their native language from among the languages ​​of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the literature of the peoples of Russia in their native language.
(as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

9. When implementing professional educational programs, educational publications are used, including electronic ones, determined by the organization carrying out educational activities.

Article 19. Scientific, methodological and resource support of the education system

1. In the education system, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, scientific research organizations and design organizations, design bureaus, educational and experimental farms, experimental stations, as well as organizations that carry out scientific and methodological, methodological, resource and information - technological support of educational activities and management of the education system, assessment of the quality of education.

2. For the purpose of participation of pedagogical, scientific workers, representatives of employers in the development of federal state educational standards, exemplary educational programs, coordination of activities of organizations engaged in educational activities, in ensuring the quality and development of the content of education in the education system, educational and methodological associations can be created.

3. Educational and methodological associations in the education system are created by federal executive authorities and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising state administration in the field of education, and carry out their activities in accordance with the provisions approved by these bodies. Model provisions on educational and methodological associations in the system of general education and secondary vocational education are approved by the federal executive body that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education. The standard regulation on educational and methodological associations in the system of higher education is approved by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education.
(as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

4. The composition of educational and methodological associations on a voluntary basis includes teachers, researchers and other employees of organizations engaged in educational activities, and other organizations operating in the education system, including representatives of employers.

Article 20. Experimental and innovative activities in the field of education

1. Experimental and innovative activities in the field of education are carried out in order to ensure the modernization and development of the education system, taking into account the main directions of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, the implementation of priority areas of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of education.

2. Experimental activities are aimed at the development, testing and implementation of new educational technologies, educational resources and are carried out in the form of experiments, the procedure and conditions for which are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. Innovative activity is focused on improving the scientific and pedagogical, educational and methodological, organizational, legal, financial and economic, personnel, logistics support of the education system and is carried out in the form of the implementation of innovative projects and programs by organizations engaged in educational activities and others operating in the field of education organizations and their associations. When implementing an innovative project, the program must ensure the observance of the rights and legitimate interests of participants in educational relations, the provision and receipt of education, the level and quality of which cannot be lower than the requirements established by the federal state educational standard, federal state requirements, educational standard.

4. In order to create conditions for the implementation of innovative projects and programs that are essential for ensuring the development of the education system, the organizations specified in Part 3 of this article and implementing these innovative projects and programs are recognized as federal or regional innovation platforms and constitute an innovative infrastructure in the education system. The procedure for the formation and functioning of the innovation infrastructure in the education system (including the procedure for recognizing an organization as a federal innovation platform) is established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education, in agreement with the federal executive body. authorities exercising the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education. The list of federal innovation platforms is established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of general education, and the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of higher education. education, in accordance with the established scope of competence. The procedure for recognizing organizations as regional innovation platforms is established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
(Part 4 as amended by Federal Law No. 232-FZ of July 26, 2019)

5. Federal state bodies and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, exercising public administration in the field of education, within their powers, create conditions for the implementation of innovative educational projects, programs and the implementation of their results into practice.